Plymouth Weekly Democrat, Volume 2, Number 45, Plymouth, Marshall County, 5 December 1861 — Page 2

VOLUME 2.

T IIE PLYMOÜ T II W EEKLY DEMOC Li A T NUMBER 4;

THE PLYliOliTH DEMOCRAT.

rcnusnr.t ef.kly tv T. A: 1. .llcUttA'Al!. PLATT KcDOKAID. :::::::: Editor. IJ,Y.7lOt Til, l.5IA.A : TiirnsDAV, December .rmr, ISOl.j sir.xs or itiyrrgixixc; kuasox. It is a source of pleasure to every patriot to vievr tho gralual but steady improvement in the political sentiment of our public functionaries, fspeehlly the military. It wa. prophecies! by tlie Dem Dem-! rtf ! I C(l to! I ccrat?, before ar.d after the election Lincoln, that lie would be compell 3 i principles, or be instrumental m us overthrow ; foi, to carry out tho dogmas on which he was elected, would b as destructive of the government as a positive war upon it. The principle on went into power, and his followers v? ed him U bo guided by in his nd lion, wi3 that announced bv him, lo his election tu oPace, namely rftvernment rannot exist half free M ehive that it miidt become all one or all .1. niLr md tb-f b. r-i..n c ii roa tin. "ii'i 1 ow 01 iv iiv 1.Y...J.. .v. 1 . would be adopted tu place slavery m course rf Ultimi PTtinr-tion ' Th? was thf

doctrine on whioh he wa expected to ad- j country in reward for the aid and comfort which tions havin-r in view an increase of its efficiency, minister the .'overnment, more than anyly have inroked abroad, have received less ; d tlc eil bcin? of the vaiioua branches of er0 ... ' patronage and encouragement than thev probiblv ; vice entrusted to Ins rare. It is ratitynu; to knowother sentiment entertained by prominent (.Xpeetrd. If it were just to suppose, as'the insur- j t,:at the patriotism of the people is ejual to tlie ocmen at the Xorth which ßtrem'ther.fd 1 gents liavc seemed to assunus that foreii nations I iou, and that the n tendered in this case disregarding all moral, social and trea- greatly exceeds the loree which Connies? authorand urged on tho rebellion at tho South ; t. obligations, would act solely and selfishly for ized me to call into the field. 1 refer with pleasadded to ibis belief. U their ptido and love the n.oJt speedy restoration of 'commerce, inclu- JVl!1r?U0? 'V r v ' . . oins specially the acquisition of cotton, those na- ; allusion to the creditable degree of üsciphne alfor the 'insiitution' which ia strengthened tiotw appear äs vet not to have ten their war to ready attained by our troops, and to the excellent

bv tliM 1 nr..1 ml vbulh-Mvrt snh'it rf thrt Ü) the hatred and UudlC.lVO Spirit Ot the dominant party of ti:e North. Whether ,i nllni,' .; -f j- i . nrltioi in enuncniiuii oi .ur. jijcohi a piuicipies, and their adoption by a majoritv or

pluraütvof the neoole of the North, andr'" . rca.n;y an-i eaiy i,y amui- to cru,

Which Were expected to govern the ad- i the principal lever relied on by the. exciting of iIZivcs. pccu.iar importance to hi4 reeom:nen I .turn danger, of the subject, I commend to your careful .,;., f.,r.;a1,a fP ;nf oi, . , for.i-n nations to hotilitv a-ain-t us, as alr.-adv lor "-nasing th- e.ips of cadets to the greatest consi Jer.ition whether this povvvr of in.kingjudgmmisitration, tumulied a pulneient cause t . , . ? e rncitv nf ti... ATü.t .n- ...i.i. i... i;...i i . . i . . . .ili fti.tli.il ii' t in Atul..)fi.iiiiotir tT riTitnwi , l , t.t L 1 1 IJL lilt .illtll.irv .t,MHiIl- m tt i r 1 1 rt 1111 Twit. Ii irii-w.i-i (rn'on lo (i,.i

for pursuing the course which the South 1..., i , ..., 11.1.1 i: Iii i.ifTii Li j .in fi . i.i i i urn l it 1 1 1 n ii ir n 1

Wbl be It It for Hfier generations to decide, j scarcely fail to perceive that the elloit for disini- jln; i,v vohaiteei-s. This subject was b-oe-dit to vc;iilr)"We have now to deal with the present, I ion V1' th.-existing difficulty and that one ' - notice, ard I was induced to draw p the form !

, , , , f , iv ' Wluch fumuhes facts of ßutaent magni-tn-Jo toeii'M-e all CUr powers of thowht c 0 ..ut jiw v 'o anu action. j r t; l , ii.Mr. Lincoln emered upon ths duties of UiUif Magistrate of the n.lliori, with the j evident intention of carryinjr out the mote ' J n , . t - . i prominentprincip.es upon which he was elected. Tho ofiicial cu;lloiiue was brought ' b . , forth, and tho heads fell thick and inces- ! bar.tlv, UtP.il nearly every desirable nlace ' ' ... . . tilled by his irivpraiblo f.i.M.do. o far, the programme was faithfully carried .... ... . out; but the retehl.,n was assuming mere j alarming proportions; Mr. Lincoln's faith ! .1. . t .1.. .- . i ... I iti.i.oo t niu .tuiiiiv i ilium nuu e.lll 1 J guccessiuily carry an election, being able also to suppress a rebellion, began to waver, and, for the first time, a few opposed to the iriepressiblo loctiines, received ap.1,.. ...L r' I intended to De fidlowed bv the admini-jtra-tion; and although forced to this cour?e, we are disposed to give it mote crödit for it than probably deserves, as it demonstrated that it was not totally insensible to the interests and dangers of the government. This was one hopefal sign. Paramount to the appointment of proper persons lo the official stations, wa9 the political policy ... . , . i which was to govern the administration ; in iho affairs of government, and tiie pros- . . . , ; ecutloil Ot the war. The Presi .ent, for t some reason

xson not generally known, saw f.t , Govtrnment co piicraung, me worK can oe com (ho North 0T1,'. w.i0l," 1, lÄ he i-ouforo been in the Patent Oilico have declined in nine months about ,U rminU in doubt 1 tn th .'!o,t-,I,m VtO' '0, t inx' w H , , V i South, would not, will, reference to territory $ 1 0(l,(KiO, rendering a large reduction of the foiee the piopU ui doubt as to ihe llot , lw or Va,t r,,,,t.nt n:u, bt !so au Uthm, be unjust. During the n; and employed licccsa. v to m .ke it selfsustaiuing.which his administration would ! available ijermanent itiijiiovi'.'.'ient, worth lue ot ; i.HHiant judicial career of Judge McLean, his ! The demand. upon'the Pmsion Office will be large

to leave course pursue relative to the institution of slave ry, the slaves, and fugitive slaves. The abolitionists, who were known to bo the confidential adviseis of the President, and I i who had received the best offices in his j

fift. were known to be in favor of, and ' "''- d powers to adopt a desirable melioration . , lor the ngor ot nuraiini'' war, w e h ive larreinovclamorous for, tho abolition of slavery, or j ed all the obstacles from the wav of their humane emancipation. It was not without just I n n"'-7C:'r',t UcU ai aro l,u?rL',jr StvmltWAry 1 and accidental occurrence. cause tint the conservative element in the j THE nmis;i ship ri RTii-uiRK.. loyal .States wag aroused aud alarmed for) I invite your attention to the correspondence ihe safety of the government. Conserva- I flcr Ihi.tanic ALijesty Minister accredö i ited to this (overnni' lit and tlie eeret.iry of tive men everywhere knew that if the State, relative to the detention of Hritish ship President and his Cabinet attempted to I Ju,'i h? ' h tho r'" m mer al.issacliuset.ts, lor a supposed breach of the follow tho advice of tho abolitionists, ' blockade. As this was occasioned by an obvious .u it 1 ,i : - , , .1 i misapprt hension of the facts, and as justice ie(they ronhl do nothing ort than uttemj 4 ' (iuil,!that we ,!l(llM f f,IIimi't ,.Ui.,,nt li(.t it.) that the only effect would be to divide .not founded in strict right a sanctioned by publio xt .i i . .t : law, 1 recomiiH nd (hat an appropriation bo made, t he North, leaving a majority against their ; to sati,i v t,, n,,SOnable demand ot the owners of policy, and consolidating every element in j the vessel, for her detention. the .South in favor of the rebellion. Wo tiu kitummt with ciiwa. ' i r r T i . l I repeat the recominendalion of mr prcdecesmy at tue beginning of Mr. Lincoln s ad-. sor . :mmnl I;u.ss t) Congress, ,!, I )ecemroiti'atration, the abolitionists rot all they I f J last in regard to the disposition of the surpb ' ..l : l. .. - ii . . i ii... i . . . ..

nskud for, and were everywhere its chain pions . . .t i Itl3hl9 duty lO prove to the people "that he has had enough of abolitionism, , . . A j . . . .1 .1 ana lfttenus to auminisier me me governnient on the principles of ciual justice to all, of every section. Let the removal of Fremont and Ids thieving and defrauding horde, of officers, bo but the commencement of Ihe Hearing of ihe vEcan stables, ai.d the conservative element, which has heretofore been driven into silence by tho - treasonable fulminationa of the abolitionists, who have been protected and fostered by the government, will make itself heard Htu) felt to the discomfiture and annihilation of such mushroom patiiots as (rreey, Sumne", AVade, Cameron, Fremont, .to. The ccusenaiue h ihe only clement that can save the govefument. Radicalism and fanaticism at ti. ßoulh may destroy the ffovernrnent. but the same olement in j th JiOrtb, Ui'.U U V3 behalf, Can not ÄVe

PPrVIPlFYT?C 'llPW-IPP lllLljilMi.il 1 Jlh)).UlJ

tiie WAR IJESCI;.)K.I5

--iClPITlL VS. LIBOR l'KL'i: INSTITI "TI0S I.

IMMiE! YIi.IT Til IK) WITH Tili: M'-CKOES-KIIST AMI LAKE liEIT'M'-Ks-rnnrosi:!) c;j!.;.mzti!)KKI!!!i;AMTI!).M!i Till: SITREYIE ITC ' -o-n-r A mTriT'O J? Vj-VjliljrlN iljjji! JLIVJIN O. PAVniTIftY AP TUP rniT'JVMrVT vUill1 1 1UA vi1 lill'i uU I A JHjA I TKEiASUSSY WAIS XAVl. U asiiinoton. December The two Houses bein? c illed t o-ether at 12 o'clock noon the President Messa-ewis trans-: . 1I.,Ü0I,, C I"6' , 4iL"Me U mitted in nunuscript, as follows: I el'oic Littzens of the Senate uwl House of Hepresentdtices In the midst of nnprecrdentcd political trouhle we have cause of Veat pnititudo to od lor unuM.al -ood health and most abundant harvests. You will not be surprised to learn that in the ,.f i...,. 1 t. ,1... n ..... ,1,,...; .....v ... iv ...... .V . ,u..-v.. '. of seeming expedieiicv and uiietierous ambit ion , ; 1 i . 111 . . . although measures adopted under such influences ' pehlonr fail to be unfortunate ai d injurious to ! those ailoptin-' tiiem. The disloyal citizens of the lTtiif'.l St ifi-s ulio linve off. red the ruin of our , their object more tliiectlv or cicaiiy tl.rougn the lU.runutl:lu thrinh tf,e irt.Sl.r;a,;n of thu i I'nio'i. If we could dare to believe that foreign nations are actuateo iv no nurner prn.eipie man . t . j ? stwc ft- vi.t.nM)1 :,rLruIm.ut tould be i made to show them that they could reach their . . . 1 , : this rct.e. :ion man ov giving encourage meni to j These nations, however, not improbably saw from the first that it was the Uni.n which made as well 1 111 I llt.l I lit tll. VllI'M' lil.-.'mv iib wt .'HHlHUl.. i onr loreiL'n as our domestic commr-r.-e. lheycan . !r'r:'"iM'prom. .... yma m .e.e an a , nwrc extensive, valuable -nuA reliable coinmerce th;l" r:l" . Sl"ie "lt,,,n "' . Il,f" iinents. It is not in.' tun pose to review our is-cu-sions with lore'gn Mates, oecause, whatever Ma ics, hecause, whatever i,,"rht le their wishes or i.upouion, the in of ,;i;r ltnntrv thc std.ilitv of our G - . . . . 1- . . ht be their wishes or uipoitioii, the integrity ovrrn-me-it mainlv tlepeu.U, U"t upon them, but IV n- tU l,',-?l,jr tri,,,lM"' V1'e l intelligence ot the Amenean peo'de. Ine cor - iii"-uiruiv.t o. i. ii- .ui.-i u-iui pr..;..i,-. on lespondence itself, with the usual reservations, is ,,crL'wii!l "1'n1- I venture to hope it will ap pear that we have practiced laiidence and liberality towards foreign powers, avtrti.ig eau es of init:llion':U1'1 with ilimn niaintaiinng our right. and honor. cut.-r ..-.i. i.akk OKrENets. Since, however, it is apparent that here, as "in everv other St lie fov,.;.M, ,aii"ers neee-s nil v itsnatc and ample measures he adopted for main - taiuing the public defences on every tdde. While i .i , , . .... nnder this general retomniend atw n t-rovision lor a"d l--e, vatii' n. I ask attention to the views

I ri. illnj., hA cniiii'l.'ii1 til n-lrn fli.lt mffli. ' - i j - - . .

j im ..in ij.h, m .-iii,'ii-i.ii ii. .mi o mi- ! i. . . . . . , i io "o oevoiui ine nresure ot neeesitv in tlirmm. k 1- ,.r .i hstimates tor tlie remainimr three ouarters of: . ' " hcll. . u in uic unu-

.... eeeuoar riiL'Vinirs ui in innen our iiucreuursc . . .. , . . ,- i sual exercises ot oower. Hat tho nmv er of fnn Iik-i, i,e !ull .w,:,,,-,,,,,,,,,, w, ... .n-.i win, pr. , "VT."Ll?!.'? i'-. !: i ,,V Ji Si .Ä S .'

ministia- 1 V , " ,":,,a' V V , be submitted to Con-re;., bv the Scer'etarv of the I rmf l'l "e 'J0 'lan may be devised minisua . can p,.nr,,e tv,., lllirms t!. w ,i0 year. been en- .....,. It . -;f;.:..,-. i .... . A . . . . ... 1 . I fr the a.bn.nitratiou of Justice in all such .,a. u

previous 'trace, in an attempt to divide and destroy the r""'. ? yv f)f,i,0 i,,,,..,;. St ,tes md Tev.-W rb. . .," ,. i prLioy'J . , pcnses made nccessarv bv tie rfbe on are not be- ' K 11 111 -1 - alW 1 ei I ltorics as m iy be

Ihat this : V- '!:1T,0,,vVr''nUUrtV, ,,K'T I ''t the resource öf tl... .vai reoolc, and to U!,,I'T w,ltrwl Oovernn.en t, whether by that this (lh1JIOtl -,.Xposcd to disrespect abroad, and one ,i ' L . ........ ; i. .. . 'i. " .i. .. voluntary reMin. to alle-ianee an 1 order, or bv

and half, partver both is sure, sooner, or later, to invoke - i- w,u.w t . r , ; ' , " ana iiti.i . i : far sustained the Government w eontmue to u,M""i oui .inn-; tlu, However, not to be a

i.iiinri.i iiii.ri i.iiriin . .vriniirw iiiiiiiiiir..i 111 iti.

dclending out coast line readily occurs to the mind. ! ! ""cat ai.n nave pcriormeii uce.is wnicn nave . . I also, in the same connection. ak the attention of : "."-'vased our naval .enow,,. 1 uould invite ,pe- ; he present .nsnrrecf,,,., hows I tlunk, that toe Congress to our great lakes and rirers. It is be- I t,al 'MUidum to the recommendation f ihe Sec j ccnsio:i of thu District across the 1 otomac river i! . l .1 x . ... .. ii . I retire if t'lnf.n-v I'. .....i. ..i ,...,r..i;..., at t!ie time ol establishing toe eanital here enn-

Hcvcu mat some ioriiucaiions anu uepois oi arm. " .' .w. v,.j,.....,.....i,..i , . - -- -- - . ---- and munitions, with harl.or and navigation im- ,f th " y by introducing additional grades into ' nontly w.se, and eonse-piently that, the re in.pushrrovements at selected points urn,,, these, would ''Service. The present organization is defective y;. of that portion of it which lies m the .Mate

...... ... tl.. ....;...,.! .i..r........ : ". t itu .luci i . i 11 if sii.r"c.ioiis .uii:nuieii .......... ...... . .

I the Secretary of War, expressed in his report, up ! ""viate the uiilieulties alluded to, promote li.irmoj on the same general subject. increase tlie c!lL-icncy of tho nav j .

.Il.irARV RAILROAD TO FAST TENNESSEE. j t 1 . r. ... . . . rj mr u.inii u.ijHii i.uice ittai me tot at region oi as speedily as possible. Iventuckv will no doubt co operate, and through her Legislature make the most judicious selection of the line. The .Northern terminus must connect with some existing i.iiuo. m, aii-i it neuer me niiau snail uc iroui je.h tnn or Nit.1l(uls viI!o ro Cumberland Gan. or i i ...1....1 .i ...... a. .ii i . r. i 'f0". V' lnu"n lo ll,e line in the directi -'l ol Knoxville, or some taill ditiercut line, can o JC determined. Kentucky an 1 the General in all thc future. rOMMKIlCIAL TKFATi:.S. Some treaties, designed chiefly for the interests of commerce, and having no grave io!itical iniIrfrtance, have been iieodated and will be submilieu to the Senate lor their consideration. Although we have failed fo induce somo of the com-1 which will probably remain alter satisfying the claims of American citizen against China, pursuant to the award. of thc Commisfcioners under the i i.i v "i uiu on oi .iiii.il, t ii, iioitevrr, u , p!,oulll 1)t be ,leemC(1 advisable to carry that re .. il... 1 , e If 1. lwC-.O i i 1 commendation Into effect, I would suggest that authority be gii en for investing the priuc pal over tlic . ,,s rePrrtMi lo j j.,,,,,! 8eeuiitie. with the suin'us referred to in good securities, with a . . . . g . .. , . , . . view to the satisfaction of .neh otnei just H um ol our citizens against China, as are not unlikely to arise hereafter in the course of our extensive trade with that empire. PIRATKS IN THE KASTtltN CAd. I?y the act of the ith of August last, Congres sunhOmed the President to instruct the commander ef suitable veiwela to dele! tbTOKelve againut and to capture pirates. This authority has been txerc'sed in a single instance only, lor the more effectual protection of our extensive and valMal.lu coinmerce, hi the Ilastern teas e?j ecially, it seems lo me that it would also be advisable to authorize the commanders of nailing vscU to recapture anv orizes which pirates may make of United States vessels and their cargoes, and the consular rourts established by law 1 Kastern countries to adjudicate th cases in tlie event that this thould not be objected to by the local authorities. RECOGNITION OF HATTI AVtl r.lCrRlA. . If any good reason -exist why we fhoid 1 perse - vere longer ii witholding our recognition of the independence and sovreigi.ty of Hay ti nnd Libcii i am unable to discover it. Unwilling however, to inaugurate a novel policy in regard to them,

V, ... J. "I Uli I.II11IIH lll.li ,V ...I... IV.I'.'ll?.'. . , . . . I ., . r. . 1 . ... . v . ,. .uiiieinc Court, two bv the decease ol Just pes h.ast lenncssee and Western .xorth Carolina I ' , i at r " i i .1 , ,,, .. . . ... Daniel and .ucl.eaii, a. if one lv the resignation j-hould be connected with Kentnckv and other . i n n r'c i i- . ,. ., ,, . , .. . ., ol Justice Campbell. I have m fa forborne making faithful parts ot the Linon bv railroad. I, there .. .. " r 1 , .. . .. nominations to tilt these vacancies, tor reasons fere recommend as a military measure, taat Con- , . T ,, . . . , r,. . ... . . . c . J c ' i w inch I w ill now täte. J w ) ot the outgoing gi e?s provide for thc construction of such a road :,,,-,. o, ......?.. ?.

lW!thn,t th,;MTMVAlof Congres., I submiffor ;.your consideration tho expediency of an appropri

- nmu. maintaining a C.iargo ue Allans near each ! of those States. It doc not admit of doubt that import int commercial advant ages might be H'cur- , ed lv favorable treaties witl' tneni. i THK TKK.ASi r.V. j The operations of the Treasury during tho period which ha elapsed since your adjournment, ; have Let n conducted with ' igiul success. The ; patriotism of the people 1ms placed at the disposal -of the Government the largo means demanded by Mii.t;,. .;.r..... ai.-.i. ,.r .!.- v..-:. 1 in, j-i.uiiv. iiieiu'.s. .nuin ui iiiv; ii.i.iunai I T I, . . 1 . . 1 1 - 1 i"'.wi ua.-s iH-en i im'ii iv eiu.eus oi me liioiiMnai classes, whose coidiilence in their country' faith, ; :"',i""e 7x:u v 'rcomury s oenvcrance irom ' lts present peril, have .ndueed them to contribute to the support of the Government the whole of 1 1 . i .1 1 i 'their limited aopisitions. Tliis fact imposes peeuliar obligatio is to economy in disbursement and energy in a.-tion. RECKITTS .WI F.XPENsrS f.,. 11,1, r,,..... 1: .i. .-ni. a. n- iv mimt fluni lit Ni'lirt?, 1 II' 1 1 iilli: l'i.Ui , lfil, was SH;,;i.VJ0i).:7; and the expenditures fr the same period, in' Iud n-payments on account uf thc P'C debt, were 17V,li:M.:? I. leavin - a balance in the Treasury on the 1st of July - S tr7 ()C" " IH.I.was S-;,.-i,yt)0.ü7; and the expenditures 1-or the first ouarter of tl-.e financial year endiair the ::0th Septembar, 1,1, the receipts from iul ''i'iVi11-?-t,,C '"V'"100 fn ,:3';)!):,' 'V"1 thc exfCn fÄ i vn '-r p iinCC ' . V. - ''. ' - . .tu Tpiv-l.t Avnen.Ktin-e v'ti . ...... -t 1st Ol'fl.llCr .:u 1 : .. ... .11 11 .1 . o- l"i unu union saau a 'am oies- mc . , - I'lIC w'i. n"nitiM'V 1 A- " I A!,n,l,M' I respectfully rercr to Uic rrpoi t of the Secreta r.v f m for iinWmafhv.i iTpectin? the nv.mcr ical strength Oi the armv. and for reponiTii.'ii.l 1--no u.v owmi-iii oi mc enure army, ine r. , ommendation hy the Secretary for an organiatl of tnihtia upon a uniioni basis is a subject oii ject of viti iiii.,.n.t.i...i.. ... i ... r.... .r.... ..r.i... ... . . i-'i ..... i. ..i- lunui; nn oi mc -.iuutry, and is commended to the serious attention of Congress. A larg? ad.tiiion to the regular army, - . ' - V. T : c' ' . -...- m.- m, n ..i n- on.ccis, t j ' - : ' 1, riiAri.Airs koi: Tin: armv. - - k .iiuov. v.i.iv.m mere omission. I i.rcs.nne. C.mlw ias f ided to i.iovi.l. lh . 1 .-..J f...- l. I.,, .1 ((, :l iclter, one cpy of which, properly addr-ised . to each of the persons and at the date, respect- , iv,1.V'"l aul stated in a schedule containim; 1 :il.- tl, f,.,.., .i... 1....1111 t i with tran-miifc.!. TI.. ., "..nt'.-im n. 1 ii?i,!.-r-tn,t with transmitted , --- - - - fv ---- y - -.. . . , ..,,1...! ir,., tl,.. .Int;,!,..;...,,!,..! tl... - , I 'v. V Lin rcspeetfuljy stated in the s.-h'du!e, and have labu,,.,l faithfully evi r sine. I further recommend ';u V' -' ! cP ntcd at the same rate , Chaplains m the armv. I Inn her swrirest that een. j v. ii.ipi.uiit in me ai any. l Dinner : suggest, mat ge:icral i-.vi.it-n be ma le for Ch iplaiiia t-j serve at , hospital:? as well as ngimcnts. , The report of the Secretary of the N ivy pre ' s.-nts in ilr'aii ;he or-erat!ns of tliat liranch'of the ; public sorvice, and the hftivity mil energy hich j liave characterized its a Iminisn.;';'!! and the re-.-""lt of measure to iiurv ire its efficiency and I"'Wt I; Such have been the a Iditions, by con - I ptrnc:ion an 1 purcha.-e. t!i it it m v ahnot be s.ii.l been creat. d mil brought imo service ! SP.C( rdd!icu!nes c-mmnee 1. Pe:des blocka,H'!f )"r extensive eoat, s,pi.idious larger than ' e Vcr l.e'i.r.. i-..m' .ii.il ..(.p ..in. t! .. l. i vi. I ....... "ri ' 111 ,K 1 v"i ur 0111 ln

I 11 .. II . i . 11 i- l 1 l l-l III) III'! I.MI.I 1I I 111, Ill.liUll. l or tl.l u III 1 .

of!1? Apartment w ill. it is believed, if adapted,

RK ORGANIZATION OF TIJH SCI'llKMB COCRT. There are three vacancies on tlie bench of the revolt, so that if successors w ere appointed in the same locahties, they could not serve upon their circuits, and many of the most competent men tin re probably would not take the personal hazard of accepting to serve even here upon the Supreme liciich. I have been unwilling to throw all the appointr.Ki.ts northward, thus disabling myself from doing justice to the South on the return of peace, although l n:av rcmar.t mat to transfer to circuit "tew into an empire altogether too large fur in.? one .lu ''cto give thc Courts therein more than a," noiniiio.1 atter.d.uiee, rising in population from 1,110,0 J! in l.si', to 0,1 " 1,1".' in 1; G). Dcsides this, the country ha genei jl'.V outgrown our present judicial ?stcm. If uuiformiiV was at all ii.tended, the system icipiires that all the .States shall be accomodated with Circuit Courts, attended j by Supreme Judges, while in fact Wiseon-än, Minnesota. Iowa. Kansas, Florida. Texas. Califor nia and Oregon have never had any such courts, j Nor can thid be well remedied without a change of the system, because the adding of Justice:) to the Supreme Court enough for the accommodation of all parts ol the country with Circuit Courts, w ould create a Court altogether too dangerous for a judicial bod of anv tort, and thc evil of it be one that will mcieae as new States come into the Union. Circuit Courts are useful or they are not useful. If useful, no State should le denied them ; if not useful, no Slate should have them. Let them be provided for all or abolished as to all. Three modifications occur to tin; here, which I think would bean improvement upon our present steni. Let the Supreme Court be of convenient number in every 'event; then, first, let the winde country be divided into circuits of cor venient size, the Supreme Judges to serve in a number of them corresponding to their own number, and independent Circuit Judges be provided lor all the rent; or, secondly, the Supreme Judges be relieved from C.icuit duties and Ciicuit Judges be provided for all the Circuits; or, '.hirdly, dispense w ith Circuit Court: altogether, leaving the judicial function wholly to the District Courts and an independent Supreme Court. ' COUim.XO TIIK .NATIONAL LAWS. I respectfully recommend to the consideration of Congres the present condition of the statute V .'ur.iV.- ...v I'lv., ll. , ''iiii.i'Il ,.1 fcllT h.lLlll! , it , , 'e tlut Congres, will be able t. j fin(, nn : n.m'(1 ,. ,r UiR ? ineonveniceie: L, n,, rvi,3 whH.h custntIv vmy,.irra lhtM, (n to neies gaged in the, practical admihist ration of them. Since the organization of the Government, Con- ! gr-s h i. enacted some f,H)il et and ?oint resoluiiotis, which lillmore than 11,1)0!) closely priuted pages, nnd are scattered through many rolunie.4. Many of these act have been drawn in basic and without suilicient caution, so that their provisions mil often obeuto in themselves or in conflict w ith . - ;'' ll other, and at least so doubtful a to render it very dillicult lor even the best informed person aecci tain reeisely what the statute l.,w really It Veems to me very important that the statute j ,ilw should be made ns plain and inteiigible as pos- ' ihle, and be reduced to as small a compact as 111 l.v consistent with the fullness hii I precision of ihe will of the Legislature, and the perspicuity I nt' in language. Tlice well done, v ould, 1 tliirik. f're.H I v f.ieiliti.te the I ihors ot' iliooo nluiui. j-Tr j ....... 1 fluty it is to assist in the ndiuinistratioirof the laws, ' und would be u lasting benefit to thu people; by placing before them in a more accessible and a . moie intelligible form the laws which go deeply ' concern their interest and their duties. I am

i uil:v uiu... ii in, ii k..,. i ..in.i iivi, otviiiiil lit

informal by some whoso opinions I reject, tliat all the acts of Congrt now in f.r.-c, and of a

permanent and general n ture, might be revised ami re-written so as to lie emhraoed in one volurt:e. or at least two volumes, of ordinary and eonvtniont size, and I respectfully recommend to ! Congress to con-Her the sfjiif, and ifinysng-j gestion bo approved, to devi.-e sueh a plao'as 7o ! their wisdom shall seem most proper for the at- ' taimnent of the end proposed. I .MILITARY CoCKT IORTItK SOCTlI. One of the unfavorable continences oftlie: . ... :.. .. 1 ua;uii, nisi. ri etllOIl, la Ulä CUlire 6UlliiesS1011 ill ! i .. . . many puces 01 all orumarv means 01 ad Immistorin civil justice bv the ofheers. and in the fnJ ... 7 -v. ...! 01 exi-tin- law. "I his is the case in whole or in I part in all the insurgent St-xtes; and as our armies , advaii'-e u; m and" talaM.oss.wonn nf nn-ta if these States, the practical evil becomes more ap , lurcnt. There are no courts or officer to whon m j t.ie citizens ( t otlicr States may apply for the e I forcement of their lawful claims against citizens I the msar-rcnt States, and there is a vast amount 1 . ... enof of ; 1 . 4. . ... ucm, consuuuin'r üucii claims. oine have csti- " " oouars, uae in 'W " ' ' ! , rgV v:). lvom in P-' ; , 'V1 tIZ! n-! jhoaie even now j ".hces nitl.e dchare ot their pn support the Government. Under the: open rcocinon to m ikin rreat patriotic duty to sc circumstani11.,. llj solicited to establu-l. by ' . . T . 1 . .... I . i1'"? '""vr' t uu"; uni"-ior summary 1 iiisi'eo 111 kiien mij.is w 1. 1,... t...i a. ij-v w ... i-uu i.i.-. ii v iiius lar oecimcu 10 ,,,,, 1 11.. 1 1 i.i ... I ' " " " "ll,tl,;' 1 U0l UUl 1110 CIM ,r,...l I... ..C 1-1 . . . !l l - v.-.m,!!..!! wi ill-in nillJUH au'i j light in itself, but .ecause I have been iinwiliiii-r I IHM lliaiiellt Ulstitutioii. lut a hmnvir irv cnlwt Unto .. , . luiu 10 cease a3 soon as the orumarv courts can be rc-cjta!)!ishcd in pe;uv r.W.Mr.NT UK NATIOML Onr.IGATiONS. It is important that some more convenient means should be provided, if po-sible, for the adjustment of claims against the (ioverment, especially in view of their increasid number by reason of the war. It is as much the duty of the "Government to render prompt justice against itself in favor of citizens, as it is to administer thc sain, between private individuals. The investigation and adjudication of all claims in their nature belong to the Judicial Department; besides, it is apparent that thc attention of Congress will be nioie than usually ci gaged for some time to come with creat nac i tional ouestioi.s. It was intended bv the organii zation of thc Court of Claims in ainlv to remove i this branch of business from the halls of Congress. ri.. .. . . . ... .. i w one me wmn uas proven 10 oe as eiiective ! and valuable means of investigation, if, in a ' great degree, fails to cTect the object of its ere au .4torwa.H oi power to n.aKe its jnugment l.nal i uny aware oi i:ie ucncacy, not to sav the ...v i.v - . ' ,w .-v liUFt." lit kIHII J lilV. ; 10-,, n'Hnip ncniu oi ;inMMi cm iUcsti!iis i . . r. 1 . . A . r i . v....,,.. ..... .. . . isnm as rxpcrieiiee may nave smnvn to be lie coxnrnoN of Tiin tost omci:. I ask attention to the report of ihe Post Master General, the f.ll..wi, being a summary statement of the eon litioi, of the Department: The revenue e. u ...... .. .. . iOtl. ,.r I,,,... l ri ;,,..''.!,,. t .',,. .1 ti, , v "in. . i oi , in-, iioilll nil. UIKiU'lk i'Vllll.liaill .,,. '-iraiini i .1 ,1 lOU'MI OI,"WO,oo w ll I I IV ll.l P M l Ulli I ' ol free mail muter, was is'.bl) l 'JOli, I!), bei':i" about ' two per cent, b-s.s tli:ui the' r.-vlaiue' of 1 -s ; ; 7 "tIk ! expenditures were s n,r)!;,7 d!),! 1 , showing a de e.easo of mon. thm ..l-ht nor t. . ...Mi..,.,.. t crease ol more than ei'ht jter cent, as eomparct with those of a previous vear, and leaving an ex cess of expenditure? over the revenu for"tlic las : fiseal year, of over s l.;.7.."00,7 1. T.ie trn.ss rev , eiiue for tlie year ending June 'H. 1 -Cr', is tr-tim i ted at an innoas.- f fom-per cent, on th it of 1SÜI, , m ihlug s;,!.-':!.f ii) to which should be ad led the cair'ugs ofjln- Department f .r carrying free in it- ' tor, viz., ."'", niahiug !::,!),!;). Tiie to- . tal cxpemiit f.: es 1 .r l.-b'-J are estimated at si -J,-ö-,Ol,0; leaving an climated deficiency of ..- !.,'(;( to be supplied from liiO 1 reavary m a Idition to tue present anpn.pi lation J 1?" that part of the District, and the restoration of the original boundaries thep-of, through negotiations with the State of Virginia. l I A IIT M K N T OF TIIF. INTKRIOIt. The r port of the Secretary of the Interior, with the accompanying documents, exhibit the condition of the several branches of the public luines pertaining to that Department. The depressing infbienees ef the insurrection have been especially felt in the operations of the Patent and General Land OHices. The cash receipt from the sales of j public lauds during the last year have exceeded the ' expenses of our land svstem only about S"J :,(); HI. j 1 he sale have been entirely suspended in the Southern Mates, while the interruptions to the business of the country and the diversion of large numbers of men from labor to military service, has obstructed settlement in the new States and Ter ritories of the Northwest. The receipts of the i ly inciCa-ed by tlie ii.urrcetion. The numerou. applicitions for pension. based upon the casualitic of the existing wur have already been made. There is reason to believe that il-.uiy ivho are now upon the pension roll and in receipt of tl.e bounty ot the Uoverninent, are in the ranks of the instngent army, or giving them aid and comfort. The Secretary of the Interior has directed the suspen sion of the payment ot the pension of such persons upon proof ot their disloyalty. I reccoinmend that Congress authorize that officer to cause the names of such persons to be stricken from the peiiMon rolls. TIIK INDIAN TRI BKS. The relations of thc Government with the Indian tribes have been lately disturbed by the insurrection, espeei ally in the Northern Superintendeiicy,and in that of New .Mexico- Thc Indian country south of Kansas is in possession of insurgent? from Texas and Arkansas. The agents of the United States, npiointed since the 1th of March for this Kiiperintcndency have been unable to reach their posts, w hile the most of those who were in olliee before that time have espoused the insurrectionary cause and assumed to exercise the power of agent by virtue of commissions from the insurrectionists. It has been .stated in the public press that a Mrtion of these Indians have been organized as a military force, and are attached to the army of thc insurgents, although thc Government has ho official information upon the subject. Letters have been written to the Commissioner of Indian Aflair. by several prominent chiefs, giving assurance of their loyalty to the United States, and expressing a w ish for the presence of the L'ederal troops to protect them. It id believed that on the repossession of the country by the Federal forces the Indians will .readily cease all hostile demonstrations, and resume their former relation. to the Government. AN AORICCI.TCRAI. BURKAU. Agriculture, confessedly the largest interest of the nation, has not a Department or llurcati, but a clerkship only assigned to it in the Government. While it i. fortunate that this groat interest is so independent in its nature ns not to have demanded and extorted iimrv from Ihe Government, 1 respectfully ask Congress to consider whether something more cannot be given voluntarily with general ad vantage, Annual rejKirt exhibiting the condition of our agriculture, commerce and manufactures, present a fund of inlormation of great practical value to the country. While I make no suggestion a to details, I venture the opinion that an agricultural and statistical bureau might profitably be organized. THU SI.AVK TRAUE. The execution of the laws for the suppression of the African slate trade, hx been confined to the Depaitiiicntof the Interior. It is a subject of cungratul ition that the elVorts which have been made lor tlie iipprwsiie-ii of Ihi inhuman trallic, have been attended with unusual success. 1'ivc vessels being fitted out for the slave trade, have been . 1 i . r. . .. 1 :.. seized and condemned. Two masters engaged in

tl;e trade, and one person a slaver, have boon comic:

C'liUIinill!? the vessid H i 1 -.. !, i. . ... .1 7- . , a si.i er, lia e been convicted mihi snl.i.. ft... I t. n penalty of line and imprisonment; and taking up a cargo of Africans on board ..... .. . ' no Cilptain rd his V.-sel . ii.i. neen eonvieie.1 oi tin? highest grade ot offence under onr I iws. the in...; Jni,..t- ,. I,:, a, . ,t.....i. i'ii.ii . niiiv I utii , .iiii.i i.ii-:. ill. - nrn vrw TniniT.-inn.-The territories of Colorado. Dakotah an.l X,-va-d i, created bv tlie last Con-ress, have been oran-i-.I, ami eiril administration been inaugurated the:ein under auspices cspeei.-dlv -ratifvinz, wlien the Federal officers arrivul there: The a'bund mt natural resources of these Territories, with the sev v... v. vuii.ii 1'Jita .l:C II M' lll-i J LMaiWlCir1. 1 UUmit the resolutions of the Legislature of Colorado, wlnc.i evinced the patriotic spirit of the people of that Territory. So far the authority of the United States has been upheld in all the Territories, as h is hoped it will be in the future. I commend their interests and defence to thc enlightened and gen . ..1 .. .... t of eivus vareoi V;: 'HgrcsS. AFFAIRS Ot THE DISTRICT OK COLUMBIA. I reccoinmend to the fa vorable consideration Congress the interests of the Districted Columbia The insurrection has been the cause of much suf scot muchsutnts. and as they ;ress, that body fering and sacrifice to the inhabitant have no representatives in Con should not overlook their hist claims unon the Government. TKS WORLD'S EXHIBITION AT LONDON. At your late session, a joint resolution was adopt ed authorizing the President to take measures for facilitating a proper representation of the industrial interests of the United States at the exhibition of the Industry of All Nations tobe holden at London in the vcarlHW. I roe-ret t.i Imv heen unable to give pers anal attention to this subioct. a sul.ject at once so interesting in itseltuul so ex - teitsively and intricately connected with the material prosperity of the world. Through the SecretaricS id' the State and Inteuor, a plan or system ha3 been devised and partly matured, w hich will be laid before you. WHAT TO DO WITH CONTRABANDS!. Under ai.d by virtue of the act of Congress, entitled "An Act to Confiscate Property used for In-sun-ectionary Purposes." approved Aug. fJih, ls(l,

em-ify and protection allorded tin in bv organized ; pation of (Jon. McClellan is, therefore, in a! A New Orleans dispatch snv that Gor. Moore Government, will doubtless invite to them' a Iar"e co,1:!lderabledej:reet the selection of the country Generals Ivoll nn.l T7r.ö .u w ' immigration when peace shall restore the business cl Us of the Exeeutive.and hence there is re?- v ' f, ?T " ? ' OMlt i... . . . i ... t .... ' son to hone Hi.mv will i.: .i e.i iwea :?,oxu iroons. incladiti? 1.400 frwiWl

legal claims of certain persons to thc labor and ser- ' ular institutions, but tliere is one point, with its i The expedition fotith is supposed to be for Fcrvice ot certain other persons havu become forfeit-1 connections, not so hackneyed as most others, to nandina. 5,000 troops aro to go. td, and numbers of the latter thus liberated are al which I ask abrief attention. It is thc effort to '; mwL j ,. , n wn u,mm w ready dependant upon the United States, and must place capital on an equal footing with, if not above j 7 : be provided for in some way; besides thij, it is not labor in the structure of Gov't. It is assumed: CV Vtlff ftiSf IMfllf

impossible that some of the States w ill pass similar enactments for their own benefits respectively, and by the operation of w hich persons of the same class will be thrown upon them for disposal. In sucu case, 1 recommend that Congress provide for accepting such persons from such States according to some mode of valuation in lieu, pro tantn, of di

reel taxes, or upon some otner plan to be agreed ' and drive them to it without thuir consent. Davon with such States respectively, that such per- "g proceeded so far, it is naturally concluded that sons, on such acceptance by the General Govern- all laUirers are either hired laborers or what we

iiK-nt, be at once deemed free, and that, in any event, steps be taken for colonizing both classes or

t.ie one hrst mentioned, it the other - shall not be hft' Now, there is no such relation between cap I brought into existence at tlie same place or places, ital and labor, as assumed, nor is there any such in a climate congenial to them. It might be weil ! thing as a freeman being fixed for life in the condi- T)ceds and Mortgages drawn up and ackuowlto consider, too. whether the free colored people j tion of a hired laborer. H0th of these assumptions ed"ed. already in the United States could not. so far as are false, an 1 all inferences from them are ground- J Collections, and all other business will receive individuals may desire, be included in such coloni- I less. prompt attention.

f...u.M,. ioc.irrx ouii.iepianoico;oni.aiionmay involve the ac puring of territory, and also an appropriathm of uioncy beyond that to j. expended

in the territorial acquisition. II iving practiced t is the superior of capital. iMid deserves much the thc acquisition of tcrrit uy for neariy lil'ty years, ! higher consideration. Capital has it rights which the question of Constitutional p.Hver to do so is no j are as worthy of protection as any ither rights. longer an open one with us. The power was first '. N""f is it denied that there is, and probibly always questioned by Mr. Jefferson who. however, in the ! will lie, a relation between labor and capital, propurchase nf Louisiana, viel. led his .scruples on the j ducing mutual beuelit. The error is in assuming plea of great expedience. 1 that : lie w hole labor of a Community exists within 1 1 it be said tliat tho only legitim ite object of ac- ! that relation. A few men have c ipit al. and that quiring Territory is to furnish home for white few a void labor, and with their capii.il hire or huv

men, this measure eilccts that object, for the emigration of colore.! i.ni, leaves addition il room l.,r white men rem lining or coming here. Mr. JcilYrson, however, placed the importance of procuring Louisi ni.i, more 011 f.olitic il an l commercial

grounds, tuan on providing room for populafi on. ern a large majority are neither hirers nor hired. On this whole proposition, including the appro pi ia- ' Men with their families, wives, sous and dinghtion ot in oiiev wit'i the ae juisition d" Territory, ! ters, work f r themselves; mi tlu-ir lanns. in their docs not the expediency .1111 1 int to absolute neces- , houses and in their shops, taking the whole prosily, that without which the Government cannot be duct to themselves and asking no ftvor of capital perpetu A. ' oil the one h-snd, nor of hired laborcss or slaves on THK rr.i.siDi:.xr nssccssi-s i nr. uwr.. i t!,c ,,t'u'',- It "t forgotten that a considerable i number of persons mingle tin i r ow n labor w ith In considering tiie policy to be adapted for sup j capital; that is thev Iabi.r with their own hands, pressing the in.-iuTecrion. I have been anxious and ; and also buy or hire others to labor for them; but careful that the inevitable conflict for this purpose ! this is only Ü mixed an 1 not. a distinct class. No shall nit degenerate into a violent an 1 reinoi sele-s ! piinciple stated is disturbed by the existence of revolutionary struggle. I have, thercfure, tlio't j this mixed class. Again, as has already been said, proper to keep the integrity of the Union promi there is not of necessity any such thing" as the free nent as the primary object of the contest on our j hired laborer being fixed for that condition of life, part, leaving all questions which are not of vital , Many independent men, every wherein these military importance to the in ue deliberate action States, a few years back in their lives wore hired of the Legislature. In t1 c exercise of my best ; 1 iborers. The most prudent, penniless beggar in discretion I have a iheie.1 to a blockade of the ports the world labors for wages aw hile, and saves a

held by the insurgents, instead of putting in force ny proclamation tue law 01 congress enacted at Ihe late session for closing the ports. Also, obeying the dictates of prudence as well as the obligations of Saw , instead of transcending, I have adhered to the act of Congiess to confiscate property used for insurrectionary purpose. If a new law upon the same subject shall be proposed, its propriety will le duly considered. The Union must (,r pr rnl, ami hcrcca.i arjrumbh.' itiraim muri Or tmphnjnl. We should not be in haste to determine what tadical and extreme measures, w hich may reach th" loyal as w ell as the disloyal, arc indispensable. The inau. ural address at the beginning of the Administration and tire Message to Congres at the late Special Session, were both mainly devoted to the domestic controversy out of which the insurrection and consequent war have spi-ung. Nothing now occurs to add to or subtract lrom the principles or general purposes stated and expressed in those documents. The last rar of hope for preserving the Union peaceably, expired at the assault upon Port Sumter, and a general review of w hat lias occurred since may not be unprofitable. What was painfully uncertain then is much better delined and more distiuct now, and the progress of events is plainly in the right direction. The insurgents confidently claimed a strong support north of Mason and Dixon's iiiiC, and thc friends cf the Union w ere not free from apprehension on this point. This, however, was soon settled definitely and 011 the right side. South of the line, noble lit le Delaware led oil' right from the lirst. Maryland was made to seem against the Lhiion; our soldiers w ere assaulted, bridges were burned and railioads torn up within her limits; and we were many days atone time without the ability to bring a single regiment over hrr soil to the Capital. Now her bridges and railroads are repniied and opened to the Government; she already gives seven regiments to the cause of the Union, and none to the enemy; and her people, at a regular election, have sustained the L'nion by a large majority and a larger aggregate vote than than they ever before gave to any candidate or any question. Iventuckv, too. for some time in doubt, is now .lecuiediy ana uncnangeuiy rangen on ine h.Io the Union. Missouri is comparatively quiet, and I believe cannot again be overrun by the insurgents. 1 t it . .. j These three States of Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri, neither ot which would promise a single soldier at first, have now an aggregate of not less than 10,000 in the field for Hie Union, while of their citizens not more than a third in number are among the insurgents, and they of doubtful whereabouts and existence. Altera somewhat bloody struggle of months, winter closes on the Union people of Wes.ern Virginia, leaving them masters of their own country. An insurgent force of about 1500, for months dominating the narrow- peninsular region constituting the counties of Accomac and Nortkini to n, and known a. the Eastern Shore" of Virginia, together with some contiguous pans of Maryland, have laid down their arms, and the people there have renewed their allegiance to and accepted the protection of the flag. This To.wes no armed insurrection north of the Potomac or cast of the Chesapeake. Also, we have obtained a footing at each of the isolated points on the Southern coast of Ilattera., Port Royal, Tybee Island, (near Savannah,) and Ship Island, and we likewise have ccmo general account i of popular movement in behalf of the Union in North Carolina an l Tennesisce, These things demonstrate that the cause of the Union is advancing steadily Southward. GENERAL SCOTT. Since your last adjournment Lieutcr.aut General Scott has retired from the head of the army. During his long life the nation ha not been uiimindful of his merit, yet on calling to mind how faithfully, ablv and brilliantly he ha.', served the coiintry from a time far back 111 our history, when lew of the now living had been born, and thenceforward I continually, 1 cannot but think that we are still his I .... ... . ...1 : .1. .,!-.... r. ... - ...... : i..... UCObUr. X auo.iui, laiciciuii., iul jum i.uiuiuvi.1-

tinn n-h-if f,..-.!,.... ......1- . ,.!,..-. .......

u..ui .i ici-"gui'.mn is uue io ..,.,..i .. . t nun, .ii'i uuinii es as a "raten i lie.in e. - u,.. .LALLAN. ! tli the retirement of Gen. Scott came the exe- ' ' i, ; .1,.-.f ... .,,.:... i t..1 . . . till. I- nil . ill : .inn fr in iiiGra. .1 .i........i ... . ir , ..i.M.K,iii,iwiiivi.ii-ia-VMiei 01 Ilie anil V. It Is a 1,11 f 1111 it.- iit--iirir n.r... tU:U neither in council nor country was tliere. ?o ',ir I:"ow, any dillerencc of opinion as to the: . I'P" ,,n l" seleeted. The retiring chief; r.-T,o.i tell r expressed hisjud-ment in favr oi (n. McLIellati for the n sition. and in Ods the nation 1 SCt'mt'J to o'lv? an unanimoui concurrence. The . . ------ " v v.i nun UUIlllliUHCU 1 l,nJ cnr,ll-tl support thus by fair implication prom j t'l ana without winch he cannot with w full ef-hv-Mency serve tlic country. It has been said that ' one biul General is better than two pwd ones, and t,,e sau,fs' t"e if taken to mean no more than i tIlflt ;i a".v is better directed by a ingle mind,. fliirrl. :..(V..;.. .1,.... I. ...... : , though inferior, than by two superior ones at va- ; nance and cross purposes; and the same is true in 'all joint operations wherein those engaged can have none but a common end in view, mid can Uilfer only as to thc choice of means. In a storm at sea no one on board can wish the ship to sink, and , yet not unfrc.iuently all go down together because . too many will direct, and no single mind can be allowed to control. A WAR upon Kufe INSTITUTIONS. It continues to develop that the insurjcction is largely, it not exclusively, a war upon the lirst principle of popular government the rights of the people. Conclusive evidence of this ii found in j tlie most grave aud maturely considered public! I docume.its, as well as in the general tone of the in-! : surgents. In these documents we find the abridir- ! "-t oftlie right of suffrage and the denial to the !r'ople of all to participate in the selection ,r , public ollieets except the legislative body, advoeated with labored argunieiits to prove that large ctiiitrl oftlie Government in the people i thc source j of all political evil. .Monarchy itself, is some - ! times hinted at as a possible reluge from thc powI er of thi r.Pur.hv It. ..v ,,..r..-.... T ..i.i - - ..- ...... ... I'll. III. I I'SS. 1 11.11 , X IUU1U scarcely be justitiell were I to omit raising a w arn j ng voice against this approach of ret 'potism. It is not needed nor fitting I general argument should be. made in la returning desuere iiiai a tavc.r ll iMn ' that labor is available only in connettion w ith capj ital; that no!ody lalxus unle.-s soinebedy else, ! I owning caoital. somehow, bv the use of it induce ! j him to labor. ! This assumed, it is next considered whether it is . best that capital shall bite laborers und thus induce i them to work by their own consent or buy thctn , call slaves. And further, it is assumed, that whoi ever is a hired I aborer is fixed in that condition for ; imor is prior to an l independent ot capital. : Capital is only the fruit of labor, and never could j have existvd if latior had not first existed. Labor a few to labor for them. A large majority belong j to neither class neither w--rk for others nor have ! others woi kit g for them. In most of the Southj crn States, a m. ijoiitv of the peoi.le of all colors 1 are neither slave-8 nor masters; while in the Northsurplus with which to buy tools or land for himself. lie then labors on his own account, and at length . hires another beginner to help him. This is the just j mid generous and prosperous system which opens ' the way to all, gives hope to all, and the eon-i ; sequent energy, progress ami improvement of the , condition of all. Ne men living are more worthv ! j to be trusted than those who toil up or 011 from poverty. None less inclined to take or touch aught 1 which thev have not earned. Let them beware of surrendering a political power which they already possess, and w hich, if surrendered, will surely be 1 used to close the door of advancement against such as they, and to lis new disabilities and bur-, dens upon them till all of liberty shall he lost ! From the first taking of our national cenus to j the last are 70 years, and we find our population at J thc end of the "period K times Ja great as it wns at , the beginning The increase of those other tilings w hich are deemed desirable has even been greater, j We thus have atone view what the popular prin- j ciple applied to Government, throiiLdi the machine- 1 ry of the Statesand the Union, has produced in a j given tune, and also what, if lhmly m untamed, 11 promises f r the future. There are already among us those who, if the Union be preserved, will live to see it contain JöO.tlÜM.OO X The struggle of to- J day is not altogether for to-day. It is lor u vast J future a l.-o. With a firm reliance on Providence, all the j more firm and earnest, let us proceed in the great task w hich events have devolved on us. f Signed) Abraham Li.ncoi.x. Washington, Dec. Cd, IHil. from Vi4!ii:i;;!ii. Special to the Chicago Times. Washington, Dec. 4. To-day's brief session of Congress was occupied mostly by discussion of a resolution for the release of slaves owned by rebels and now confined in the Washincton j .il. Senator Sumner commented severely on Gene ral Ilalleck's order, stating that he hoped that ovorv fwitive slave he returned would rise in a i J " . ,. , . , ,, ! j"' agniiwt which 1.0 victory could remove. There is a wide difference between the report ot the Secretary of War. as published, nn 1 one w hich was printed and issued here in pamphlet form, on the slavery issue. Some oftlie eastern papers published both versions; but the one alluding briefly to slavery in concluding the report is the correct one. Reliable intelligence from the enemy reached here to day, to the c fleet that iheir entire force is concentrated at Manassas, pickets being thrown forward from that po'i.t only. Trustworthy information is likewise here, that the rebels have fallen back from Leesburg, wholly abandoning that position. Mr. Plight retains hi seat in the Senate, declaring that he has ever been loyal. There has been no court martial in Col. h'erripnnn's ease, as has been published. lie still remain? in jail. A Postmaster has been nppoiutcd for Tort Royal. From tlie South. Iionsvii.i.r, Dec. 2. The East Tennessee bridg -burn era are to be court - martial cd. Ex State Senator Dickons is among the prisoners in East Tennessee. Höing called upon by the Legislature for an explanation of his alleged connection with thc bridge-burning, he denied all

Knowieuge oi , ana asscrieo mat me pcrretra-

. . ... were repie-ciiiaine vi a fnull faction - The McnipJns merchants' meeting recommended ,,1.. i.:n .:. ...i iv mi iiivii urns iiiiu 1 1 a. in iii.ii jians lor chanr'e' Ther ari no tidings from IJrownlow. The Charleston Courier deprecates raislr- the r . . . ... , , b ni,'J ll ,s urPod pnncip!Ijr by those wl,J KPeP J:le dirtance from the war. rnonThe Howling Green Courier recommendi the v.m 0r l.,., for t! t.' i ii , c, 01 ;,0?Ias ,or tIte Kentucky rebels m 1 v,k'raI f-nson. The Richmond Examiner publi.-hes the corre spondenee between Lieut. Maurr and the Grand : n..v-. r r "uke '""'"e. Grand Admiral of the Russian ilVT- Constantine invites Maury to enter the Russian service. Manry renücs that he rannot accept until southern in dependence is estiblMi. : C(, upeuuence is esiaDii?ti- ' " j 1 ne t-onteuerate gunboat I uscarora, coming ap from Ncv Orleans, was accidently but tied totally. : fifteen miles above Helena, on the 23d. j Troill Iort Xloval ! . Iw:w lork.ov. . 'ort Royal advices state that Ta mail's attack' on the 2fith nit. va nut n-ortt.- ii. i...v. it . - K ""ran "irce or 'Oiir vessels, near cn,u to fire a few shots, wh ch did no damage, anJ "nmediately retired. ' Tybee Islüod is iot yet occupied by our troops j nati(JUal coior8 are flv-1M flum lhe y'. j ' ,lu,n luc "811 i hOUc. i tt is understood that Beaufort will be occupied on the 2lth by 5,IK;() Federal troops, to prevcut i taking possession. D. E. V A N VA LR EN DURCH , ' ' A TfC )R l"T V A 'V Ti 7 w 11 U - AND xNOTAKY PUliLIC, ; . PLYMOUTH, INDIANA. 1 Oflic-c up stairs in the Rank Buildin-. , 45tf. DECLARED, AT TIIK : v-ti1 IvIA r-lT-. f t L' I I'M I II vi.1 1J 1 JLt'l.Vv'Jj i OF CHA'S PALMER B'iccc Piro Pirce Piece Piece Rroad Cloth. . 1 S CaKiiitcVi ....Kip " ....KaiiucU. Jeaitfw. IlcLaincs. Prints. Piece Piece iece Tic in sr. PSCCC tl'ilJC Piece .Flannels. I3IT5 O KS OF ALL KINDS AND 1? 1: ECES Notes Which Are TTnpaicL And to preserve PEACE WITH A PEACE MAN All who arc indebted to nie, will do well to 31 o ti li. Or I shall be compelled o call on a .jivncE of the: peace, TO KEEP THE PEACE. CHAKLES PALMER, THE " P(I)T5ACE MAN." PI) mouth, December 5th, 1-GL- t.'ttf. AUiiimiNlrsiloi Notice is hereby given that the iitrdersignol will. , on the 21st day of December, lf-fil, at the laic res idence ot Ziba YA mget, dee'd, in Polk township in this county, expose lo public pale a large amount of personal properly belongii.g to the ctate of the said decedent, consisting of household and kitchen 1 ui-nit me, l&i ming uupVmeiit and utensil., grain and trowing; crops, stock all kinds, horse, cattle, hogs, &c., a groat variety of miscellaneous article, all of which will bo fold to th highest and best bidder, at public auction. All sums of three dollar ami under, cah in hand; all Mini, over throe dollars at a credit of six months, giving notes with approved security, with interest from date, waiving valuation and appraisement law. SOU1MON PEAK MAN, dec3-4.it1 Administrator. E- PAUL. Dealer in boots and shoos, manufactuis all Lind of home work in his liue, Michigan street, Hy mouth, Ind.