Plymouth Tribune, Volume 9, Number 15, Plymouth, Marshall County, 13 January 1910 — Page 2

THE PLYMOUTH TRIBUNE.1

PLYMOUTH, IND. HENDRICKS CO., - - Publishers 1910 JANUARY 1910

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2nd L 'Kth jglTth Cgfath. FEATURES OF INTEREST ACOUT THAT WHICH HAS BEEN AND IS TO SE. Alt Sides and Condition of Things are Shown. Nothiug Overlooked to make it Complete. Military School Burns. -The New York Military Academy at Cornwall, X. Y., was destroyed by fire, with the exception of Bard Hall, used by the younger students. Nobody was hurt. When the fire was discovered the bugle was sounded and the cadets with military precision, marched out, most of them in pajamas and bath robes. They lost all their personal effects. There were about fifteen students in the academy. The buildings destroyed were worth about $100,000. The academy has educated young men for West Point for forty years. Sugar Weighers Are Sentenced. Four former employes of the American Sugar Refining Company, convicted of underweighing frauds, were sentenced to one year's imprisonment each by Judge Martin in the United States Circuit Court in New Yo.k City. The men sentenced axe Thomas Kehoe, Edward A. Boyle, Patrick J. Hennessey and John M. Coyle. The quartet were checkers on the docks of the sugar company in Williamsburg, where discovery was made that the scales used to weigh sugar imports had been tampered with. Before sentencing the men the court denied a motion for a new trial. J. A. Stober Found Dead. State Treasurer-elect J. A. Stober was found dead in bed at his horn?, at Schoeneck, north of Lancaster, Pa. He was elected State treasurer last November, and was to have taken office In May. Mr. Stober was found dead by his wife. The causo of death was heart disease. Mr. Stober was 67 years old and was prominent in Republican politics for many years, serving two terms in each house of the State Legislature. Evansville Suffers by Explosions. Explosion? of gas and fire caused a loss of $80,000 in the business district of Evansville, Ind., The explosions shattered tha front of the Progress clothing store and it was destroyed by fire. Fireman Fitgerald was seriously injured by falling glass. The loss in the Progress store Is $00,000 and nearby business houses were damaged as follows: E. K. Ashby & Co., $20,000; Christian Hev.ij, $3,000; G. Wr. Warren & Co., $3,000. Farmer Is Attacked by Angry Bees. William Waldrip, a fanner near Chanute, Kas., nearly lost his life the other day while attending a farm sale. The auctioneer got around to a stand of bees and offered it for sale. Waldrip lifted the cover. Immediately a hundred or so bees lit on his body and stung him all over. He was poisoned and became unconscious. A doctor happened to be in the crowd and saved his life. Gas Explosion Kills Three Men. An explosion wrecked tae water gas plant of the Union Gas and Electric Company, Bloomington, JII. Portions of the' building were carried for blocks and windows were broken over the west side of the city. The building taught fire after the explosion and the firemen and police had a hard fight tc reach the dead and injured. The loss Is estimated at $30,000. Tied on Track by Negro Robbers. Because Daniel J. Matthews, fireman on the Central of Georgia railroad, re fused to give four armed negroes a switch key, he was tied face downward on the main line of the Central road and now lies In a critical condit'on at a hospital In Macon, Ga. He was struck from the track by a passengei train. The negroes were plotting to wreck a train. Fifteen Miners Hurt. Fifteen miners were hurt, eight ol them seriously, when the monitor at the Greenwood mines, nea- ? aw ton, Fayette County, West VIrgL ia. brok loose sixty feet above the ti. r.e and crashed through it. When the laonltoi began to slip the drum operator tried to jsand the track and released his hold on the brake. The crash followed. Thirty-Two Convicts Are Paroled. The Board of Trustees of the Jef fersonvllle (Ind.) reformatory hai closed its regular monthly session and has granted thirty-two paroles out ol eventy-two considered. Re-Elected for Sixty-Fourth Time. At a meetir.3 of the Baptist Sundaj School at Noank, Conn., Walter Pal mer was re-elected superintendent fot the sixty-fourth time. Mr. Palmer ii 84 years old and is actively engaged ir business. Killed When Train Hits Auto. Loul3 D. Cone, of Chicago, 111., and hl3 wife were instantly killed whet their automobile was hit by a north bound Illinois Central train. She Worked at Ninety-Four. After thirty-five years in the govern ment bureau of engraving and print ing, Mrs. Anna Elizabeth Philpott within six years of being a centenarian, is dead at her home in Washing ton, D. C. Up to a week ago she was at her desk. Thieves Rob Coin Collector. Some time during the night thieves entered the store of Otto L. Smith, a coin collector in Third street, Evansville, Ind., and stole rare gold coins valued at several thousand dollars. Proprietor Burned in Old Hotel. The Lighibody hotel, the oldest establishment of its kind on the Ohio river, burned at Manchester, Ohio. John McDade, the proprietor, who was 75 years old, and had conducted the house since the Civil War, was burned to death. The fire was started by an overheated stove. Seriously Injured White Coasting. Troy Carroll, aged 14, living with Alfred Carver, near Bristol, Ind., was seriously injured while coasting. His sled ran into a stump.

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ENT TÄFT Forester Bluntly Told His Services to Government Are No Longer of Value. ACTION STARTS BIG TEMPEST. "Washington Ag-og Over Situation and Many Political Forecasters See Signs of Party Storm. Gifford Pinrhot. chief forester, was removed from office at 7 o'clock Friday evening by Secretary of Agriculture Wilson on direct orders of President Tatt. 'Overton Price, associate forester, ?nd Alexander Shaw, assistant lav oificer of the forestry service, were simultaneously ousted. Thus a clean sweep is made cf all the officials oi the forest service who lent their aid to L. R. Glavis in the formulation of the charges against Secretary of the Interior Ballinger, which are on the eve of Congressional investigation. In his letter removing the Chief Forester and his most intimate aids from office President Taft bluntly Informed Mr. Pinchot that his services are no longer of value to the government. The commanding figure of Theodore Roosevelt looms up directly behind Gifford Pinchot. The two are firm and fast friends. Pinchot stands for ne accomplishment of the Roosevelt administration conservation of the national reserves. Roosevelt brought forward thi3 Issue and stood Pinchot up as its exponent under his direction. The Pinchot methods are the Roosevelt methods, and it wa9 the refusal of Secretary Ballinger to follow the methods of the past administration which first caused m r - - ' r: " WW. 3 .( i .A. ll the break now known as the BallingerPinchot controversy. In the ominous silence which fell on the situation following the first shot after the cabinet meeting at the White House, Washington correspondents assert that many political forecasters see unmistakable signs of a great tempest within the Republican party, with ramifications about which some of the most hopeful fear to think. There Is only one conclusion which all reach. It is said that there is a great fight on hand one which the Iresldcnt sought to avoid, for the present, at least. In forcing it at this Ime, the President's supporters mainu.in, Mr. Taft has considered all the rotable effects and consequences and has decided to see it through. SLAYER'S STORY FREES THREE. Wo.nn and Two Men Held on First Tale of Kansas City Crime. After making a false confession causing one Innocent man to be arrested on the charge of murder, and a man and woman to be held for investigation, Ward Mower of Falls City, Neb., confessed that he alone murdered Nell McCoig on Dec 27. McColg's body, brutally cut and bruised and bearing one bullet wound, was found in the outskirts of Kansas City, Kan. Fear that he would be proved the thief of some notes he had stolen from McCoig was his reason for killing the man, Mower says. As a result of Mower's first story, William Nelson was arrested, and Mrs. Alice Barber, McColg's former sweetheart, and Bert Boyd, a boarder at her house, were held. OHIOANS WAS ON CIGARETTE. Un Forbidding Youths Under 21 to Smoke in Public Plaees. If a bill soon to be introduced in the Ohio Legislature becomes law, no person under 21 years of age may safely Bmoke a cigarette in any public place, in the State, and persons older than that will have difficulty In procuring even "the makings." The International Reform Bureau of Clevej land Is preparing for a big fight ' against the cigarette. Ilreurer Commits Suicide. Prohibition having deprived him of a livelihood and death of his wife of many years, Frank Pabst, head brewer for the Capitol City Brewing Company in Montgomery, Ala., until put out of business by the law, placed a shotgun against his breast and killed himself. Canadian Census 7,350,000. The Canadian bureau of census estimates the population of Canada at the close of the year 1909 at 7,350,000. The Province of Ontario leafs with 2,619,-025.

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GENERAL RUCKER DIES. Oldest Retired Officer of United States Army 98 Years of Age. Gen. Daniel II. Rucker, the oldest retired officer of the Urlfed States army that ever lived, died it his home in Washington, D. C, aged 9S years. He was born in New Jersey and joined the army from Michigan. Gen. Rucker was appointed second lieutenant of the First United States dragoons on Oct. 13, 1S37, and ten years later became a captain. Ho took part in the Indian campaigns in the West and Southwest and later commanded a squadron of cavalry in the Mexican war with such gallantry that he was breveted a mtjor. In 1S61 he was appointed a brigrdier general of volunteers and was again breveted major general for gallantry. For several years he was quartermaster general of the army, being retired at his own request in 18S2 after more than forty years' active service. The officer was married twice. Gen. Phil Sheridan was his son-in-law. FILE A VOTE PETITION. Worten SnffraffUta of Oklahoma Want to" He Allovretl to Vote. The woman suffragists of Oklahoma have filed their petitions to Initiate a proposed amendment to the constitution allowing women to vote, and.the signatures were detached in the presence of the Governor and Secretary of State. There were 38,543 signers to the petition, about 500 more than required. Carrying out the Taft plan for an economical administration, the postal committees in Congress have come to the conclusion that economies can be effected in the carrying of the mails, taking the position that the present outlay of $40,000,000 a year on this account is excessive. Gov. Noel of Mississippi announced the appointment of Col. James Gordon of Okalona to the seat in the United States Senate vacated by the death of the late Senator McLaurin, but with the understanding that it is temporary, or until the Legislature can elect . Senator to fill the unexpired term. Col. Gordon, who is 76 years old, and who served in the Confederate Army, was suspected of connection with the conspiracy against the life of Lincoln. He escaped to Canada, but later satisfied the federal military authorities that he had been wronsly accused. The City Council of Cleveland passed an ordinance g'-anting to the Cleveland Railway Company a general franchise for twenty-five years, providing for a 3- cent fare service with 1 cent additional for transfers, but providing for a 4 - cent rate in case the lower rate fails to earn 6 per cent dividend, the ordinance to be subject to a referendum vote. Friends of Mayor Johnson regard this as a victory for him in his eight years fight for the 3-cent fares system of street car operation. On the preceding day Judge Taylor, as arbitrator, had fixed the value of the Cleveland Railway property and franchises at, $21,127.149 and that of thi Forest City Railway at $1,803,600. or a total of $22.932,749, thus furnishing the basis on which to estimate the rate and dividends. Judge Young, of Dallas County, Tex as, has made public a letter from Vice President Day of the Equitable Life Assurance Society, refusing to buy bonds offered by that county on the ground that certain "extraordinary laws" enacted In Texas had driven his and other life insurance companies out of the State. On that account he said that none of them would invest in Tex as securities, although he admitted that the Dallas bonds were all right as an investment The law chiefly ob jected to was that which requires the companies doing business In the State to invest 75 per cent of their reserve in Tcxj s business or Texas securities The New York Life, Mutual, Metropol itan and others have taken a similar position. Considerable attention is being given to the results of the recent national poll of Republicans who voted for Tart. which was conducted by the Success Magazine. To the question whether they believed their vote for Taft had been wisely cast, 5,278 answered yes and 540 no; whether they were satis tied with the Taft administration so far. 3,000 answered yes and 2.490 no. But to the question whether they are pleased with Taft's relations with Aid rich and Cannon only 689 said yes, while voted no.

KNOX SEEKS UNIVERSAL PJIACE.

Urges World to Unite with U. S. for Arbitral Justice. The State Department in Washing ton, through Secretary Knox, person ally has coniirmed the statement that the United States has addressed the great powers in a circular note on the subject of universal peace. The impressive idea evolved by this government was that the conscience of the world should be committed first to an International court of arbitral justice, the inevitable result of which would be the attainment of uni versal peace. The State Department reports that the American ambassadors and ministers at some of the leading foreign courts had indicated that the idea was receiving favorable consideration. England's attitude Is described as particularly sympathetic and encouraging. Interest was added to the situation by the informal statement that Presi dent Taft is standing behind his Seci votary of State in urging compliance with the note of this government, which was addressed directly to the foreign offices and, therefore, to the sovereigns themselves. The strength of the appeal for an International "court of peace," as it may be termed, lies in its directness. It goes far beyond the somewhat crude proposal of the Czar of Russia, which startled the world some years ago. when he made the fantastic suggestion of disarmament by the military pow ers. The proposal contains an astute suggestion to Great Britain, through Its alarm over possible war with Germany. It appeals to France, whose enemy Is near at hand. It commends itself, as Knox puts it, to the conscience of the lesser powers, who have everything to lose and nothing to gain by war. SEVEN INSANE FLEE ASYLUM. Inmate Refused ZVer Year's Visit Home lteleanes Companions. Denied the right to go home and eat New Year's dinner with his relatives, James Hill, member of a rich Pittsburg family, arranged and carried out a wholesale delivery of inmates of the insane department of the County Home there. Hill had been confinäd in the institution for some time and the wealth of his family gave him many privileges. He let six other inmates out by sawing off the lock of a door and the other morning the last of the six Insane patients was recov ered, almost frozen. Hill Is still at liberty and is thought to be in hiding In the home of some rich Pittsburg friends. HE SAW LINCOLN SLAIN. Deaf and Dumb Educator IV ho Was Present at Assassination, Dies. Prof. W. ll. Demotte, for sixty years one of the most prominent educators of the deaf and dumb In the United States, died at his home in Indianapolis. He was SO years old. and was born at Harrodsburg, Ky. He went to Washington as Indiana military agent during the Civil War, and was in Ford's Theater he night President Lincoln was assassinated. Prof. Demotte did not often describe the scene In words, but he vividly reproduced It In the sign language and pantomime for his pupils. Dank Robber Is Shot, Three heavily armed men held up a private bank in the Greenpolnt section of Williamsburg, N. Y. One of the robbers was shot. The police reported that after a light the wounded man's companions were captured with him. Father of Twins at 75. J. N. Carmichael, aged 75, who lives near Frick, Okla., claims the age belt for stork arrivals in the southwest. He is the father of twins, who arrived the other day. Two . ck roes Must Die. George Reynolds and John Williams, negroes, who attacked Mrs. W. F. Jackson, In Kansas City, were found guilty by the jury and their punishment fixed at death. The jury remained out twelve minutes. The men will be handed the first week in February. Ptomaine Poison Kills Mne. Nine persons are dead and two others are not expected to survive as the result of eating canned peaches containing ptomaine poison at Sawtelle, Cal. Burnlnic Snow Fatal to Child. Burning snowthe artificial Christmas tree variety caused the death of Julia Karll, a 9-year-old Harlem girl. Julia wa3 lighting her tree when a match dropped into a box of fluffy Im itation snow. Her clothing caught fire and she died.

INSURGENTS BEAT CANNON.

Aided by Democrats, They Take Se lection of Committee f ro;u Speaker. The first skirmish between the Re publican insurgents and standpatters in Congress came off In the House the other day and the insurgents won a victory. Twenty-six Republican progressives, voting with 123 Democrats, overrode 146 Republican conservatives and took from Speaker Cannon the privilege of appointing the House representatives on the joint committee which will investigate the controversy between Secretary of the Interior Ballinger and Gifford Pinchot, ousted chief forester. By this close vote of 149 to 14G the House decered that its members of the joint committee should be elected. How remains to be determined, but It probably will be by resolution prescribing the method of voting. Speaker Cannon will have absolutely no voice in the selection of the House members, except Insofar as he and his organization are able to control the election. SLAIN BY "BLACK HAN7J. Masked Men Kill Merchant in Home in Wife's Sight. Benedetto Senenl, CO years old, a wealthy Italian merchant with a store and residence at 500 West Oak street, Chicago, was dragged from bed and murdered in the presence of his wife by three masked men, whose demand for $3,000 In the name of the Black Hand had been ignored. As the terrified wife, 54 years old, cowered under the muzzle of a revolver held near her face by a third masked man, Imploring the assassins not to kill her husband, the man was seized while asleep and thrown on the floor. Then the murderers fired at him repeatedly vith two revolvers. He was shot- twice through the head and once through the heart. The entire island of Lanai has been sold by W. G. Irwin to a company in Honolulu for $225,000. Lanai is one of the smallest Islands of the Hawaiian group and has an area of 150 square miles. It is the Intention of the purchasers to raise cotton and other agricultural products A report from Constantinople states that twenty-six moslems were executed at Adana recently in connection with the April massacres. Great crowds witnessed the executions; and the relatives of the condemned men, together with thousands of others joined in the manifestations of grief. Capt. Chaves, the flist Nicaraguan refugee to reach American protection at Corlnto, gave to the press by cable the first account believed to be authoritative concerning the manner of the death met by the American soldiers of the insurgent army. Cannon and Groce. It was the company commanded by Chaves which captured the Americans. Gen. Medina had caused them to be whipped and had then reported their capture to Zelaya, who wired: "Lose no time in shooting them." After an excuse for a court-martial, composed of two officers, they were conderrfned and Chaves was ordered to execute the sentence. He refused and was himself sent to prison. Then four soldiers of Capt. Constantino's command were told off to do the murderous work. Both were buried In the same grave. W. Sanford Evans, formerly editor of the Toronto Mail and Empire, has again been elected mayor of Winnipeg. From the British government Canada has now purchased the cruiser Rainbow for $920,000. to be used as a training ship in Pacific waters, while other vessels to constitute a Canadian navy are being purchased or constructed. King Leopold, of Belgium, leaving no direct heir, the crown parses to Prince Albert, the only son of the late king's brother. The new monarch was born April 8. 1875. and on Oct. 2. 1900. married Princess Elizabeth, of Bavaria. Tiny have three children. The government of Manitoba will at once make preparation for passing a bill at the next session of the Manitoba legislature, providing for the government ownership and control of al grain elevators In the province. For acme years the farmers of the West have striven to achieve this end. The worst storms and floods of half a century have caused vast damage to property and loss of life over Southern France, Spain and Portugal. Many towns In Spain and Portugal were completely inundated. In the latter country Oporto is the heaviest loser and the government is giving aid to thousands of homeless.

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President, in Message, Presents Plan of Railroad Regulation and Corporation Control. CHECK ON SECURITY ISSUES. Legislation Is Asked to Prevent Wa tering of Stocks and Other Kindred Evils. WOULD RETAIN SHERMAN LAW. Alms to Foiter 'Keonomliins, Fenfnres of Combinations nnd liid "Monopolizing" Erlln, President Taft has sent to Congres? his long delayed and much discussed message on Interstate commerce and anti-trust legislation. In it he strikes at the existence o' holding corporations by which major trusts control their subsidiaries and at the watering of corporation stock. To insure the more complete control of railroads by the government he demands the formation of a Court of Commerce, to comprise five- judges, having power to act as a court of appeals from the ruling of the Interstate Commerce Commission. The President dips Into railway emploj'es' safety also, urging new features of Jhe liability lav. State control of corporations is vigorously attacked; the President charges It with the responsibility for many corioration abuses, and he takes a firm stand for centralized power. He demands that railroads be forbidden to control their competitors and would give the Interstate Commission sweeping increases in power. Declaring distinction between good and bad trusts to be impossible, the President says emphatically that if the trusts are to be kept within the law new legislation creating national corporations under charter is urgently needed.. This, the main provision of the anti-trust section, wa3 announced sometime ago, as were many of tbe other terms of the message. Such a move, the President points out, Is not to afford the trust a refuge, as the Sherman law's repeal is not contemplated. The proposed statute, according to the message, "is not to be framed so as to permit the doing of the wrongs which It is the purpose of that (the Sherman) law to prevent, but only to foster a continuance and advance of the highest industrial efficiency without permitting industrial abuses." The President also includes a vigorous promise that the United States prosecution of trusts will be continued unremittingly. ' President Taft's Message. To the Senate and House of Representatives : What is of supreme importance is that a uniformity of decision be secured bo as to bring about an effective, systematic and scientific enforcement of the commerce law, rather than conflicting decisions and uncertainty of final result. For "this purpose I recommend the establishment of a court of the United States composed of live Judges designated for such purpese from among the Circuit Judges of the United States, to be known as the "United States Court of Commerce," which court shp.ll be clothed with exclusive original Jurisdiction over the following classes of cases : (1) AH cases for the enforcement. otherwise than by adjudication and collection, of a forfeiture or penalty, or by Infliction of criminal punishment, rf any order of the Interstate Commerce Commission other than for the payirent of money. CJL) All cases brought to enjoin, set aside, annul or suspend any order or requirement of the Interstate Commerce Commissicn. 1 3) A., such cases as under section 3 of the act of Feb. 19. 1903, known as the "Elkins act" are authorized to be maintained in a Circuit Court of the United States. (4) All such mandamus proceedings as under the provisions of section 20 or section 23 of the interstate commerce law are authorized to be maintained in a Circuit Court of the United States. In my opinion all litigation affecting the government Fliouk'. be under the direct control of the Department of Justice, and I therefore recommend that all proceedings affecting orders and decrees of the Interstate Commerce Commi..sion be brought by or against the United States et nomine, and be placed In charge of an assistant attorney general acting under the direction of the attorney general. I see no reason why the commission should not be authorized to act on its own initiative as well as upon the complaint of an individual in investigating the fairness of any existing rate or practice ; and I recommend the amendment of the law to so provide; and also that the commission shall be fully empowered, beyond any question, to pass upon the classifications of commodities for purpose of fixing rates, in like manner as it may now do with respect to the maximum rate applicable to any transportation. End Rail Combines. I recommend that the law shall be amended so as to provide that from and after the date of its passage no railroad company subject to the interstate commerce act shall, directly or Indirectly, acquire any interests of any kind in capital stock or purchase or lease any railroad of any other corporation which competes with it respecting business to which the interstate commerce act applies. But especially for the protection of the minority stockholders in securing to them the best market for their stock, I recommend that such prohibition Le coupled with a proviso that it shall not operate to prevent any corporation, which at the date of passage of such act. shall own not less than one-half of the entire Issued and outstanding capital stock of any other railroad company, from acquiring all or the remainder of such stock. I recommend the enactment of a law providing that no railroad corporation CURRENT NEWS NOTES. Fifteen men were Injured in a fire which destroyed the Delaware and Hudson Railroad's freight depot at Sandy Hill, N. Y. The loss is $20,000. A cry of "fire" started when a woman fell downstairs from the balcony of the Majestic Theater at Cleveland caused a panic in the crowded house. Samuel F. Fullerton, formerly State game and fish warden but lately superintendent of the Minnesota fish hatcheries, has been removed from office by the State game and fir.h commission. Judge Lea at Little Rock, Ark., sentenced V, Y. Ellis, who pleaded guilty to killing N. P. Willis of Indianapolis. Ind., to serve three years in the penitentiary. Four persons were killed and three aerlously Injured when a Central Georgia passenger train collided with passenger train No. 2 on the Macon and Birmingham Railroad at Harris City, Ga. Baron Yasuya Uchida, the new Japanese ambassador to the United States, arrived at San Francisco accompanied by Baroness Uchida, who is a graduato of Bryn Mawr College, on his way to Washington.

subject to the interstate comrr.erce act shall hereafter for any purpose connected with or relating to any part of its business governed by said act, issue any capital stock without previous or simultaneous payment to it of not less tnan the par value of such stock, or any bonds or other obligations (except notes maturing not more than one year from the date of their issue), without the previous or simultaneous payment to such corporation of not less than the par value of such bond, or other obligations, or, if issued at les3 than their par value, then not without such payment of the reasonable market value of such bonds or obligations as ascertained by the interstate commerce commission; and that no property, service, or other thing than money, shall be taken in payment to such carrier corporation, of the par or other required price of such stock, bond or other obligation, except the fair value of suc.i property, services or other thing ascertained by the commission; and that such act shall also contain provisions to prevent tho abuse by the improvident or improper issue of notes maturing at a period not exceeding twelve months rom date, fn such manner as to commit the commission to the approval of a larger amount of siock or bond in order to retire such notes than should legitimately have been retired. Such act should also provide for the approval by the Interstate Commerce Commission of the amount of stock and bonds to be issued by any railroad company subject to this act upon any reorganization, pursuant to judiical sale or other legal proceedings, in order to prevent the issue of stocks and bonds to an amount in excess of the fair value of the property which is the subject . of such leorganization. "Wouia Prevent Evil Practlres. I believe these suggested modifications in and amendments to the interstate commerce act would make it a complete and ciiective measure for securing reasonableness of rates and fairness of practices in the operation of interstate railroad lines, without undue preference to any individual cr class over any others, and would prevent the recurrence of many of the practices which have Riven rise in the jast to so much public inconvenience and loss. In addition to the foregoing amer.4aients aC the interstate commerce law, the Interstate Commerce Commission hould be given the power, after, a hear:ig. to determine upon the uniform connection of these appliances such as sill fcteps, ladders, roof hand holds, running boards and hard brakes on freight cars engaged in interstate commerce used by the trainmen in the operation of trains, the defects and lack of unKormity . which are apt to produce accidents and injuries to railway trainmen. The question has arisen In the operation of the interstate commerce employers liability act as to whether suit can be brought against the employer company in any place other than that of its home office. The right to bring the suit under this act should be as easy of enforcement as the right of a private person not in the company's employ to sue on an ordinary claim, and process in such suit should be sufficiently sered if upon the station agent of the company upon whom service is authorized Is made, to bond the company in ordinary actions arising under state laws. Bills for both the foregoing purposes have been considered by the House of Representatives and have been passed, and are now before the interstate commerce committee of the Senate. I earnestly urge that they be. enacted into law. 1 Antl-Trnst Lavr. The increase in the capital of a business for the purpose of reducing the cost of production and effecting economy in the management has become as essential in modern progress as the change from the hand tool to the machine. Monopoly destroys competition entirely and the restraint of the full and free operation of competition has a tendency to restrain commerce and trade. The object of the nntl-trust law was to suppress the abuses of business of the kind described. It was not to interfere with a great volume of capital which, concentrated under one organization, reduced the cost of production and made Its profit thereby, and took no advantage of Its size, by methods akin to duress, to stifle competition with it. I conceive that nothing could happen more destructive to the prosperity of this country than the loss of that great economy in production which has been and will be effected in all manufacturing lines by the en.ployment of large capital under one management. I do not mean to say that there is not a limit leyond which the economy of management by the enlargement of plant ceases, and where this happens and combination continues beyond this point, the very fact shows Intent to monopolize and not to economize. Feared Universal Trnst. There are enougi. however, of such successful combinations to arouse the fears of good, patriotic men as to the result of a continuance of this movement toward the concentration In the hands of a few of the absolut; control of the prices of all manufactured products. The 'question which I wish in thi message to bring clearly to the consideration and decision of the Congress whether to avoid business danger something cannot be done by which these business combinations may be offered a means, without great financial disturbance, of changing the character, organization and extent of thfir business into one within the lines of the law under federal control and supervision, securing compliance with th nnti-trust statutes. Many people conducting great businesses have cherished a hope and a belief that in, some way or other a line may be drawn between "good trusts" and "bad trusts." Certainly under the present anti-trust law no such distinction exists. Through all our consideration of this grave question. hows-r. we must insist that the ' suppression of competition, the controlling of prices, and the monopoly or attempt to monopolize in interstate commerce and business are not only unlawful, but contrary to the public good, and that thfy must be restrained and punished until ended. Asks National Corporation TLaw. I therefore recommend the enactment by Congress of a general law providing for the formation of corporations to engage in trade and commerce among the States and with foreign nations, protecting them from undue interference by tlie States and regulating their activities so as to prevent the recurrence, under national auspices, of those abuses which have arisen under State control. Such a law should provide for the issue of stock of such corporations to an amount equal only to the cash paid in on the stock ; and if the stock be issued for property, then at a fair valuation ascertained under approval and supervision of federal authority after a full and complete disclosure of ell the facts pertaining to the value of ruch property and the interest thereby of the persons to whom it is proposed to issue stock In payment of such -property. It should subject the real and personal property only of such corporations to the same taxation as imposed by the States within which it may be situated upon other similar property located therein, and it should require such corporations to file full and complete reports of their operations with the Department of Commerce and Labor at regular intervals. Corporations organized under this act should be prohibited from acquiring and hold'ng stock in other corporations (except for special reasons upon approval by the proper federal authorities) thus avoiding the creation, under national auspices, of the holding company, with subordinate corporations In different States, which has been such an effective agency in the creation of the great trusts and monopollles. Snre of Opposition. ' ?uch a national Incorporation law will be" opposed, first, by those who believe that trusts should be completely broken no and their property destroyed. It will y omosed. second, by those who doubt the constitutionality of such federal incorporation and even if It is valid object to it as too great federal centralization, it will be opposed, third, by those who will insist that a mere voluntary incorpor-

First Step In Copper Merajer. The merging of the big copper Interests by the Morgan clique, which has been talked of in Wall street for some time, was definitely decided upon at a meeting of the various boards of directors of the Guggenhe'm companies at New York. The directors of the Utah Copper Company a ithorized an increase of capital stock from 750,000 shares to 2.S00.000 to carry out the plan. The Boston Consolidated Copper Company is to be taken over and part of the new stock is :o be used for increasing the output of this and the Utah companies. Clifton Breckenrldge, a negro. 19 years old, was electrocuted at Richmond, Va-. for attack on the 6-year-old granddaughter of the Staunton, Va, Jailer while a "trusty" prisoner. Locked in their home alone, two little daughters of Sidney Masters of Fort Rouge, Man., were burned to death when the house was destroyed by fire. Harriet Smith, of Hyannls, Mass., on a tour of the world in an automobile, was Instantly killed in Honolulu by the overturning of her machine.

THE IfEW LEADER OF THE DEMOCRATS IN THE SENATÄ.

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It was against his will that Senator Hernando De Soto Money, of "Mississippi, was chosen minority leader in the Upper House of Congress. He was the logical candidate on tha retirement of C. A, Culberson, but, because of ill health, he would have preferred to pass the honor to Senator Bacon. His fellows, however, overruled his objections. Senator Money Is a native of Holmes county, Mississippi, and is 70 years o! age. He has a university education and Is a lawyer and planter. He served in the Confederate army from the beginning of the war until September, 1S64, when defective eyesight forced his retirement. After serving In the House of Representatives for 14 years he was elected to the United -States Senate, where he has remained since 1897. at ion like this will not attract to its assistance the worst of the offenders against the anti-trust statute and who will therefore propose instead of it a system of compulsory licenses for all federal corporations engaged in interstate business. The third objection, that the worst offenders will not accept federal Incorporation, is easily answered. The decrees of injunction recently adopted in prosecutions under the anti-trust li w are so thorough and sweeping that the corporations affected by them have but three courses before them : . First, they must resolve themselves into their component parts in the dilTerent states, with a consequent loss to themselves c4 capital and effective organization and to the country of concentrated energy and enterprise : or. Second, in defiance of the law and under some secret treaty thty must attempt to continue their business In 'violation of the federal statute, and thus incur the penalties of contempt and bring on an inevitable criminal prosecution of the individuals named in the decree and their associates: or Third, they v-iust reorganize and accept In good faith the federal charter I suggest. A federal compulsory license law, urged as a substitute for a federai Incorporation law. Is unnecessary fxrept to reach that kind of corporation which, by vlrtne of the considerations already advanced, will take advantage vcluntarily of an Incorporation law, while the other täte corporations doing an interstate business do not need the supervision or the regulation : of federal license and would only be unnecessarily burdened thereby. The attorney general, at my suggestion, has drafted a federal incorporation law. embodying the views I have attempted to set forth and It will be at the disposition of the appropriate committees t Congress. WILLIAM II. TAFT. SEA TRAVEL NEAR RECORD. Eusiness for 1009 Little Behind Banner Year of 1907. Transatlantic passenger travel for the year 1903 shows some improvement over that for 1908. but Is below that of 1007, which was a banner year in the steamship business. A statement recently Issued shows that westbound or incoming figures have returned to normal, except In regard to steerage passengers. In 190S the eastbound or outgoing passengers were greatly In excess of the Incoming, due to the industrial depression of the United States. During the year 1909 all steamship companies operating from New York carried approximately 1.730 00 passengers, of whom 1,247,244 wc.e westbound and 4S2.756 east-bound. The first cabin business during 1909 in both directions was nearly as good as In 1907. More Steel rroSt Sharing. The United States Steel Corporation, with a great labor war confronting It, is believed to be depending largely upon the loyalty of those employes who In the past have bought shares of the common stock. It Is expected that these men will resist the efforts of the Federation of Labor to bring them into the unions when the fight begins. In line with this so-called profit-sharing policy, the Steel Trust has now made public the terms upon which it will issue 24,000 shares of preferred stock for subscription by employes at $124 a share. In addition to this, $1,000.000 in stock is to be awarded to the employes as a bonus, this consisting of both common and preferred. As formerly, the employes have three years In which to pay for their holdings, the money being withheld from their pay envelopes month by month in proportion as they may designate, not to exceed 25 per cent If they hold the stock for five years they are to get a bonus of $5 a share in addition to the dividend of 7 per cent, in addition to the bonuses of those others w ho do not hold on. Thaddeus S. Wilson, arrested at Kansas City on the charge of writing letters to R- A. Ixng. a wealthy lumberman, demanding $3,000, pleaded guilty j the federal court to using the mails to defraud. New York's firemen have appealed to the board of estimates for $200 a year increase in pay. They now receive from $00 to $2.100 a year. Andrew Carnegie has awarded a $:. C00 annual s hcl-irship to Dennis Chabot. a boy pir.nlst of l'ittsburü. wh'j will study in Hurope. Buenos Ayres is getting sufficiently busy to demand subways. A till is pending in the Argentine legislature to authorize the construction of underground electric railways operating In connection with existing surface lines. The subscriptions for the portrait of Grover Cleveland, to be placed In the executive chamber at Albany, havo now reached the suScIent amount of $1,200. Women constitute 5-" per cent ot the convicts in American prlsona.