Plymouth Tribune, Volume 8, Number 49, Plymouth, Marshall County, 9 September 1909 — Page 8

LOCAL NEWS

T. E. Houghton spent Friday at Culver. 'M. A. O. Packard spent Friday a,t South Bend. Atty. Y. B. Hess spent Friday at Lapaz on business. Miss Estella Reynolds spent a few days at Chicago. Mrs. Addie Zents went to Winona Friday to spend three days. Mrs. Lizzie Miller went to Rochester Friday to attend the fair. Mrs. Ed Rivars of Bourbon, called on friemls in Plymouth Friday. Mrs. Harry Marvin is spending a few days with friends at Chicago. J. V. Morxlel and wife of Atwood, were Plymouth cajlers Friday. Clarence Huffman and family of Tyner, spent Friday in Plymouth ; Mr. and Mrs. P. V. Snyder went to South Bend to spend several days. Bert Kreightoaum of Michigan City, was a Plymouth visitor Friday on business. D. A. Walter of Rochester, was in this city on business Friday, en route to Goshen. Mrs. George Den man is visiting with friends at Rochester, ami attending the fair. Mrs. S. R. Green an'd children are spending a few days with friends at Rochester. Miss Helen Hat-ley went to Bourbon Friday to visi. with relatives for a few days. Mrs. Arthur O'Keefe and children axe spending a few days with friends at Warsaw. Mrs. Mary Speisshoffer is spending a few days with friends at South Bend anil Niles. Mrs. Elizabeth Hanes of Inwood, called on Plymouth friends Friday, enroute to Twin Lake. Miss Harriet Coulter went to Peru Friday, to visit for a few days with friends and relatives. Mrs. P. J. Haag went to Chicago Friday ,to attend the funeral of her brother, Julius Gottschalk. Miss Louise and Mast r Leo Ball are visiting with their broth er, Dr. E. J. Ball at Mishawaka., Adam Acker and daughter, Pearl, went to Tyner Friday, to attend the Acker family reunion. Mrs. Amanda Whitwer wen? to Nevada, O., Friday to attend a family reunion of the Ulrich family. , Miss Edna Nichols went to Kendalville, Ind., Friday, where she 'will teach school for the coming year. Mrs. R. R. Kennedy of Spencerville, O., is visiting in this city the guest of Mrs Harry Humrichouser. ' ; I Mrs. J. H. Blackburn of Dowagiac, Mich., returned to her home after visiting with friends in this city and vicinity. Mrs. Temperance Collett is spending a few days at Twin Lake, the guest of the family of Daniel Holdermtan. Müs Lois North left for Kendalville, Ind., Friday, where she will be employed teaching school for the coming year. Mrs. L. A. Swigart returned to her home iri Chiago Friday attar attending the funeral of the late Mrs. T. E. Houghton. Lacista, Lester and Iva Inks are visiting with their grandmother, Mrs. Mary Dickson at South Bend for a week. Blain Miltenberger, formerly Pennsylvania operator at this city, nov of Goshen, is here for a week s visit wtth friends. Miss Sarah Pershing went to South Bend Friday to spend a couple of days with thi family of Ed Slick and other relatives. Rev. E. C. Wareing and Frank Southworth spent Friday at Twin Lake preparing for the unveiling ceremonies tomorrow. Mrs. M. Ertsinger of Bourbon, returned to her home Friday, af ter visiting with friends here and at Culver for a few days. Miss Delpha Zumbaugh re turned to her home in Sligo Fri day after visiting with the family of her cousin Ira Garn for a few days. Mrs. M. Lovall and Miss Ellen Lovell and their guests, Mr. and Mrs. H. E. Haberstock, are vis iting with friends at Inwood for a few days. The Misses Marv and Alberta Porterfield of Indianapolis, who have beeri the guests of the fam 'ily of C. H. Majttox, returned to their home Friday. Miss Edna Parker of Inwood, was ai Plymouth visitor Friday, enroute to Twin Lake, where she will visit with the family of L. Sour for a few days. Miss Aimee Rosenkaupt of Spokane, Wash., who has been visiting with relatives in this city went to Chicago for a visit, before returning to her home. Mrs. G. W. Smalley of St. Louis, Mo., who has been the guest o'f her daughter, Mrs. Milton Soice in this city, went to Denver, Colo., for a visit with friends and relatives. Miss Olga Shakes returned to Chicago Tuesday to resume her work as teacher of mathematics in a city high school and to continue her study of music at the Amercan Conservatory. Mrs. Jacob Speyer and daughter Mae, of New York City, who have been vrsiting with the former's parents, Mr. and Mrs. Sigmund Mayer for several week?, returned to their home Sunday

Orlow Leonhard spent Tuesday at Argos on business. John Harris was home from South Bend over Sunday. Mrs.Orpha. Dewald spent Tuesday with friends at Argos. Ed Cook of Lapaz, spent Tuesday morning here on business. Charles Linn went to South Bend Tuesday, for a few days' stav. Mrs. Fred Corse and daughter, Nettie, were 'South Bend visitors Tuesday. Miss Nada Livinghousc f Hibbard, was a Plymouth visitor Tuesday. , Miss Cora Morelock is spending a few davs with friends ai South Bend. Charles Yogle of Indiana Harbor, spent Sunday and Monday iri Plymouth. Flovd Slierland returned to Lapaz Tuesday, after spending a couple of days here. J. K. Beatty spent Tuesday at Inwood, Bourbon and Etna Green on business. Mrs. J. G. Steineman is spending a few days with friends and relatives at Bourbon. Conrad Bergman and daughter, Mrs. Joseph Andrews, were Niles Mich., visitors Tuesday. Mrs. Daniel Johnson and Mrs. Jas. Beatty spent Tuesday with friends at South Bend. Howard Helm has returned from spending a few days with Yiends at South Bend. Miss Bessie Rentschler left for South Bend Tuesday, where she vi 11 attend Business College. Miss Mildred Long of Warsaw, who has ben the guest of friends in this city, returned to her home Friday. Dr. Ford Reynolds has returned to South Bend, after spending l couple of days with relatives in Plymouth. Mr. and 'Mrs. O. Knisely retimed to South Bend Tuesday ifter visiting at Etna Green and n this city. Gray Clemens and family, and L. B." Bush of Culver were Ply

mouth visitors Thursday enroute to Rochester. Mrs. Lawrence Caslow and son Gail, went to South Bend for a T days' visit with the family of uster Miller. Miss Jeanne Beatty returned to Cleveland, .O., after visiting with 'ier aunt, Mrs. James Beatty here for a few days. Dr. F. M. Burkett went to Gothen Tuesday to attend a meetng of the Northern Indiana Denial Association. Henry Wanamaker and wife of Walkerton, spent .Tuesday here, enroute to their home from a vist at Pierceton. Miss Veroka Shaw returned to South Bend Tuesday after spendng a few weeks with her mother, Mrs. M. S. Shaw. Mrs. James Nidlinger returned to her home in Walkerton after a visit of a few days with the family of W. Nidlinger. 'Mrs. George Vinall and daughter, Mrs. Charles Paddock went to EJkh'art Tuesday to visit relatives for a few days. Miss Maud Martindale went to Thornton, Ind.,Tucsday for a visit of a couple of weeks with her sister, Mrs. D. L. Freece. Mrs. Lily Ginther of Leiter' Ford, who haß been the g-u-st :he family of D. W. DeWitt for few days, returned to her home Tuesday. Rev. E. C. Wareing went to Crawfordsville Tuesday to attend the Northwest Indiana Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church. 'Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Johnson returned to their home in Grand Rapids, Mich., after visiting with "riends and relatives in Plymouth ind Donaldson. Mesdames A. R. Underwood, J. H. Willey and Mrs Amanda Thompson spent Tuesday at Culler, the guests of Mr. and Mrs. )aniel McDonald. Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Machlan "f Mishawaka and Charles Shafer and family of South B"end, attended the funeral of O. D.Machan in this city Tuesday. Mrs. Anna Wilcox of Tyner, was a Plymouth visitor Tuesday, enroute to Columbia City, where she will visit with her sister, Mrs bbie Finch for a week. Miss Mabel Lowry of Hibbard. railed on Plymouth friends l tiesday enroute to Traverse City, Mich., where she will spend a few weeks with friends. HISTORICAL FACTS ABOUT INDIANS (Continued from 1st Pace) ai company of men were also la boring. Men, women and chil dren came running to meet us at the fence, and gave me the parting hand. I did not see among them either a particle of either bread or meat, excepting a few pigeons which they had killed with sticks; seme deer might have been taken but they were destitute of powder and lead, and haul nothing with which to pur chase these articles. Excepting roots and weeds their only food at this time consisted of corn and dried beans of which their stock was exceedingly small." After the building of what came to be known as the Indian chapell at Menominee village in the early 30s, Menominee united with the Catholic Congregation at that place, probably under the ministrations of Father Badin or Father DeSeiHe who were the

early Catholic missionaries after the erection of the Chapel. What Became of Me-no-mi-nee? It may be a query in the minds of many what became of die gi od picachcr, Me-no-mi-me? The 'i'i sections of land ceded to him and Pe-pin-a-wa Xa-ta-ka, and Mack-a-taw-mo-ah, were never transferred to the government by Me-no-mi-nee, and were 7 he living whatever interest he then had would still be his. The other chiefs who shared with him in the ownership, received 1 1,080 for their interest, but Me-no-mi-nee refused to sign the treaty, and never transferred his interest either by treaty or sale to the government or others. He was placed under military surveillance at the time of the removal from Twin Lakes in 183S and guarded by soldiers on the thousand miles march o the western reservation on the Osage river in the then territory of Kansas. He was at that time a man well along in years, and it is more than 'likely, as he was never heard of afterwards that he died of a broken heart. As to the other chiefs associated with him in the ownership of the , lands, the white traders cheated them out. of the money received for their share before they were removed, and in the mixing up of the various bands in the caravan, they lost their identity and disappeared, but Whiter they went or how they fared Nobody know and nobody cared. In view of all the facts as re- j vealed by a careful investigation the conviction forces itself ujKjn me that Me-no-mi-nee and his. band were cruelly treated and

badlv misused. Governor Wal lace had as much right to order the recruiting of a company of soldiers to to Twin Lakes and drive away the white settler who were interfering with Menominee and his followers as he had to arrest Menominee r.nd drive him at the point of the bayonet from his home he had not surren dered. If he had cedetV his lands by signing the treaty to the gov ernment agreeing to remove to the western reservation the casi would have been different. He had as good a right to remain on his lands at I twin 'Lakes as had Joseph Watters and his white following, who seem to have been the real cause of the disturbance. As it seems to me the. whole affair was cruel ajvd inhu man, and partook more of savagery than the act of civilized and "enlightened people. The Indians were surrounded by the so.diers before they were aware that force was to be used in driving them away. They were disarmed of guns, tomahawks, and bows and arrows, the wigwams and cabins were torn down and destroyed, and the old and decrepid, the lame, the halt and the blind, and the women and children were marched off by the' soldiers like so many cattle to the slaughter. And when the rvcord shows that the graves of 10! of the poor helpless beings mark the patlvway of the solemn procession, I cannot resist the conclusion that a cruel wrong was done which time cannot condone, and which cannot be forgiven here or hereafter. Menominee Chapel and Father Benjamin Marie Petit. Father Petit took charge of the Menominee chapel as the Catholic Missionary, succeeding Father DeSaille about 1837-38, his first record apc!aring March 2.", 18.JS. Bishop Brute of Vincennes visited Northern Indiana in 1830 and describes the Mission Chapel at Menominee village as follows: "A large number of thtfir huts are built around the chapel which is constructed of logs in the bark with a cross erected behind and rising above it, and filled with rudely made benches. The Indians begin and end their work without hammer, saw or nails, the ax being their only implement, and bits of skin or bark serving to hold the pieces together. The room of tire missionary is over. A ladder in the comer leads to it. and his furniture consists, as did the prophets, of a table and chair, and a bed, or rather a hammock swung on ropes. Around the room are his books, and the trunks which contain the articles used in his chapel, as well as his own apparel. He spends his life with bis good people, sharing their corn and meat with water for his drink, and tea made from the herbs of his little garden. He abjures all spirits as all Catholic Indians are forbidden to touch that which is tjie bane of their lace, and he would encourage them with his example. I attended at the evening catechism, prayers and canticles, and in the morning said mass, at which a large number attended." Father Petit evinced an intense enthusiasm from "first to last in the work of his chosen field, and in an outburst of fervency he tells something of his feelings and of his administrations, "How I love these children of mine," he exclaimed, "and what pleasure it is for me to find myself amongst them. There are now from 1,000 to 1,200 Christians. Could you see the little children when I enter a cabin crowding around mc and climbing on my knees the father and mother making the sign of the cross, in pious recollection, and then coming with a confiding smile on tluir faces to shake bands with me you could not but love them as I do." I And again : "When I am travel-

in the woods, if I perceive an Indian hut, or even an abandonejd encampment, I find my, heart beat with joy. If I discover anv Indian on mv road, all mv fatisrue forgotten, and when their smiles greet mc at a distance I feel as if I were in the midst of my own family. This was at Twin Lakes, Marshall County, Indiana, then known by the Indians as "Chi-chc-pe, Ou-ti-pe. Of the chapel exercises he gives the following iititrsting account. "At sunrise the first peal was rung; then you might see the savages movinj along the paths of the forest and the borders of the la,kes. When they were assembled the second peal was rung. The catechist then in an animated manner gave the substance of the sermon preached the evening before; a chapter of the catechism was read and morning prayers were recited. I then said maps, the congregation sang a hymn to Our Lady after which I preached my sermon, it being translated as I proceeded by a respectable French Lady 7'i years old, who has devoted herself to the mission in the capacity of interpreter. The sermon was followed by a pater and ave The next thing was confession which lasted till evening and sometimes was resumed after supper. At sunset the natives ajain assembled for catechism, followed bv an exortation and evening prayers which finished with a hymn to Our Lady. I then gave them my benediction the benediction of poor Benjamin. Many practiced frequent communion. In the first three weeks of my pastorate I baptised eighteen adults and blessed nine marriages." But all this while a heavy grief lay at his heart. Ile knew that his joy was to be short lived; that his "dear Indians" were soon to be taken from hint and banished to the far west. In the bitter anguish of his soul he exclaimed: "I shall have to level the altar and church to the ground, and bury the cross which overshadow the tombs to save them from profanation. And those Christian souls will pine away, deprived of those sacraments which they approached with so much fcrver. and languishing under an unknown sky where I, their father, shall be unable to follow them." Characteristics of Father Petit. From a sketch of the Catholic Missionaries of Northern Indiana published in Ave Maria many years ago, the following in regard to Father Petit will be of special interest in this connection : "All agree in saying that an indefatigable and burning zeal never was seen under more graceful and amiable form than in Rev. Father Petit. We never knew him, but after repeatedl) visiting his admirable mother ami brothers in Reimes, we readily formed an idea of the lovely and winning qualities of the dear departed missionary. "He had literally become a sort of, idol among his beloved a vages, whose frankness and childlike simplicity delighted rrfin. In writing of them his style reveals a freshness of sentiment, of gladness and love almost without r parallet. In 1838 he writes as follows. "Here 1 am in my church of Che-chi-pe Ou-ti-pe." (This was the Indian chapel at Twin Lakes.) How I. love my children and delight in being among them. The ferver and simplicity that reigns among them is most touching and admirable. On Ncrw Years' eve I was asleep on my mat when the loud rejwrt of a musketry made me spring up, wide aawke; it is easy to make one's toilet when one sleeps on a mat. I ran to my door when in rushed a troop of Indians men, 'women and children, who kneeling around me begged my blessing for the New Year. Then, with happy smiles tlifv all came forward to shake hands. It was truly a family fes tival. "Now my cherished place of residence is in my Indian village (Menominee Village) Here I have a grand habitation built of entire logs, placed one above the other; in more than one place we can see (lay-light through the walls. My fireplace is large enough to contain a cord and a quarter of wood. I have no car pet and the boards of my floor are so slightly fastened tliat they yield to the pressure of the foot like the keys of the piano to the musicians fingers." But he had soon the sad prospect of seeing his Indian mission destroyed. The Governor of Indiana had ordered troops to be raised to remove by force the Indians under his charge at Twin Lakes to the reservation west ,of the Mississippi. On this occasion he writes. "If my H)or congregation must go into exile I shall have to destroy the altar and church, and take the crosses from the graves in order that they may not be dessccrated by heretical hands. What will these Christian souls do in the far West without the aid of the Sacraments? I, their father, in all probability, will not be able to accompany them although I shall do all in my power not to abandon them. On May 31, 1838 he again writes"It is long since I have written you, but during the Faster times the )oor missionary is overwhelmed with work. I had to give the Paschal at Bertrand Michigan; then a,t South Bend, then to my Indian congregation at Chi-chi-pe Ou-ti-pe (Twin

inr

Lakes) twenty-five miles distant, Where for five weeks I heard confessions from morning until night without any repose, except two visits to the sick who lived forty miles apart. From Chi-chi-pe I had to carry" the consolations of religion to the Chief, Pokagon, who lived at a distance

sixty miles (in Micbisran west f the St. Joseph river and north t Nnitli Bend.) may think rat missionaries are saints, but must tell von that duriner all that time I was unable to pray to God, for as soon as the confessions were finished and mv b reviary said T fell asleen unon my mat. My sleep at least is always ood. calm, gentle and undisturbed as an infant's. It is truj ml '.this thought consoles me, lie labor and fatijrue of the dav tl were all for the glory of the Good Master to whom I give m vse'lf without reserve. Mav he a ccept it as a continual praver; It is tor those who know how to o ffer it. a continual sacrifice." About this time the government sent officers to arrange for the departure of the Indians. Father Petit again writes: "One morning I said mass and I immediately afterward began removing all the ornaments from my dear little church. At the moment of my departure I assembled all my children to speak to them for the last time. I went it was indeed a heart-rendinc lght. and over our dying mission a ii-l my auditors sobbed aloud; we prayed for the success of those they world establish in their new hunting grounds. We then with one accord saner "O, Virgin we place Our Confidence in Thee." I was often interrupted with obs and but few voices were able to finish it. I then. left them. Oh, it was indeed sad for a missionary to see a work so ymui and vigorous expire in his arms. Some days afterward I learned that the Indians, not withstanding their peaceable dispositions, had been surprised and made prisoners of war under pretence of a council. The government sent at the same time to invite me to accompany them ,to their new destination. It seems that their separation from their pastor Was one of the motives which prevented the Indians from consenting to go quietly to their exile. I replied that I could take steps without permission of my Bishop." The order was given to march without further delay. The Indians were driven, on at the point of the bayonet; many .1.11, i a. xi vtcic Min, uuuvwcu logetner in transport warons: numbers died s - - - of heat and thirst. Father PetiUobtaincd permission from his Bishop to accompany the carivan. He joined it near Danville Illinois, and accompanied it to its destination on the Osage river in the new 'state of Kansas. On his return at St. Louis, Father Petit was taken sick with malarial fever and fatigue from -which he died. His remains were removed to Notre Dame where they lie buried in the Catholic cemetery at that place. address of d. Mcdonald (Continued from 1st Pgt) the Wabash, there was not so much suffering for water. On the evening an, night after getting into camp a child and man died. Tuesday 11th. A aistanre of seventeen miles were accomplished through an ppen and campaign country with only the difficulties cf procuring subsistance and iorage. Wednesuay 12th. '1 he distance .traveled from camp to camp was fifteen miles. The encampment was made near Tippecanoe Bat tie ground. At this place a quantity ol .ry goods such as cloaks, blankets, calicoes, eti was distributed among the Indians. Here too a very old woman, the mother of We-wis-sa, uieu. rne was over 100 years old it was said lhursday 13th. A distant f miles was traveled. The sultry heat and the dust were the chief drawbacks on the way Two physicians were called to prescribe for these indisposed. They reported 1W cases of sickness. . ' juuinry oi ia miles was ma.le over a dry and unhealthy portion of the country. Persons through wi-arintss and fatipue were contimilly falling sick along the route, and the wagons to transport them were daily becoming more and more crowded. As the party advanced into (he prairie the Friilav lltl, A : t Mrc-ms were lounu to be literally dried up. lwo deaths took place in the evening of this tUy. Saturday 13th. After traveling ten miles the migrating party were lorced to encamp at noon near an unhealthy and filthy looking stream as it was le:rned there would be no chance ol a better place that day. Two small children died along the road. Sunday Kith. Danville, 111., was reached af ter a journey of fifteen miles a large part of the way being over the (Irand Prairie. The heat and the dust made the traveling distress ing. In the morning several persons were left sick in camp. The horses had become jaded; the Indians sickly; and many persons engaged in the emigration more or less sick. The whole country passed through was afflict ed, as everv village and hamlet had its in vrlids. Provision and forage were found more nrrtrri-ly 'rar hf farther the advance of the party. The sickness of the whole country was foud to be unparalleled. Four perrr ?n the little town near the encampment hH ie! the d-y before. Mr.p'.'' 1TVi Tlif vfli'f'T" ?rt(? P.V) P. .. ,tiAp! ff'"!! rfvbed ? Jfli'inVv P-nn lll.-.-; tlv -er turned over to Tndee William Pulke to conduct them west of the Mississippi river. John Tipton, C.eneral. To Governor P)vid Wallace. Rev Father, P.enjamin Marie Petit, the "Violir M i;Tiarv in chrtre of Cbwl 41 Menominee village for some time prior to. and at the time of the removal of the Indians was tfost e:"',He fei1eri9n .nnd w-s intimately associated with the Indians duriner mot rf their lonw and tediotn journey to heir 'e,;"ation. C.en-rnl Tinton .in h re. nort to r.ovrrnor Wallace, speaks of Father !V;t in tte fnHoncr flattering terms: "Mo-it of the Indian anpeared willing to pn. Three of their principal men. however, expressed a wish to be governed by the advice of their Priest (Mr. Petit, a Catholic gentleman) who had resided - with them up to the time of the commencement of the quarrel between the Indians and the whites, when he left Twin Lakes and retired to South l'.end. I addressed a letter inviting him to join the emigration and go west, lie accepted the invitation, and I am happy to inform you that he joined us two days ago and is going west with the Indians. It is but justice to him to say that he has both by example and precept, produced a very favorable chanr in 'he morals and industry of the Indians; that his untiring zeal in the cause of civilisation has been and will continue to be eventually beneficial to these unfortunate Pottawattomics . when they reach their new aobde." It was on the Kth of Sertember that Father Petit joined his flock near Danville, Illinois. He found them moving onward, enveloped in clouds of dust and surrounded by the soldiers who hurried on their march. Behind came the wagons in which were crowded together the sick the women and the children.

The scene as described by Father Petit was

one of the most mournful description; the children overcome by heat were reduced to a wretched state of languor and exhaustion. By this time General Tipton had begun to understand something of Father Petit's worth, and treated him with marked respect. The chiefs who had hitherto been treated as prisoners of war were released at the Priest's reuicst, and took their places with the rest of the tribe. First went the flag of the Ignited States borne by a dragoon: after which came the baggarc; then the vehicle occupied hv the native chiefs: next followed the main body of the emigrants, men. women and children, mounted on horses, marching in file fter Indian fashon, while all along the flanks of the caravan might be een dragoons and volunteers urging on unwillisg stragglers, often with the most violent words and gestures. The sick were in their wagons under an awning of canvas, which, however, far from nrotecting them from the stiffling heat and dust, only deprived them of air. The interior was like an oven, and many consequently died. Six miles from Danville, there was a halt for two days. "When we quitted the spot." Father Petit said, "we left six graves under the shadow of the cross." Order had heen so thoroughly restored through the presence of the good Triest that the troops now retired and Father Petit was left with the civil authorites to conduct the emigrants to their destination. Having seen hem safely landed on their reservation on the Osage river, southwest of the Missouri river, such as had not died and escaped on ttit waj. Father Tetit bade them an affectionate farewell and started on the return trip. At St. Louis he was taken sick from fatigue and malarial fever, and after a lingering illness died. His remains were alterward removed to Notre Dame Indiana where they lie buried in the Catholic Cemetery at that place. Of the onward journey after leaving Sandusky Point Illinois, where the caravan was placed in charge of Judge Polke, we have only the general statement that 150 persons were lost o.n the whole way by death and desertion. What amount of suffering fell to the lot of these poor Indians every day on this horrible journey no tongue can tell. Hundreds of them were daily burning with the terrible malarial feevr so universally prevalent during the warm part of 1S3S. These hundreds were crowded into common rough wagons and compelled to bear the downpouring rays a sultry sun. and the only beverage to quench the prevailing thiist was dipped from some mud stream just drying up. The food was composed of beff and flour cooked as might be while encamped for the night. No wonder that their little rgaves marked the daily journey! So far I have confined what I have had to say to the removal of the Indians and the causes that lead up to that sad eevnt. But let us pause a few moments to enquire who and what these Pottawattomie Indians were, who were the first owners and inhabitants ot this beautiful country stretched out in every direction from where this monument now stands? The historical information we get in regard to them comes entirely from the white race and from their interested and selfish standpoint. The Indian side cf the question has never been heard. His story as told at the treaty conferences were not believed, and no record has been made of the well founded grievances against his neighbor. The Indians eixst largely in the pulbic mind in the guise of savage. When we speak of Indians we conjure up visions ot atrocites of the Apaches, the Sioux, the Canianches. the Nez 1 trses and the like and the deadly strug gies in which until recently they engaged witn ihe white settlers ot the West. Uut these are the exception and undoubtedly arose from a long series ot outrages perpetrated upon them iy many white settlers as low and degraded as the Indian who took part in these outrages were themselves. The Pottawattomics were peaccalby incliued when the whites came among them in this part ot the country in 1833 to 1&8 when they all practically disappeared. They never made any disturbance and no instance is on record so tar as have been learned ot any conduct on their part different from the overage run of the alleged civilized white race. 1 hey had no school education such as we have now.. The masses were controlled entirely by the chiefs and those in authority and obeyed without question whatever they wer commanded to do. As a rule they lived happily and contented among each other. They were migratory and came and went as the felt inclined. Their landed possessions were held and occupied in common, and they owned little personal property of value, exctpt it might be ponies and these were bred and ran wild and were generally conceded to belong to the Indian expert enough to lasso ai.d break and tame these unruly little anl mals. Ihey had no religious belief and, until the missionaries came among them knew nothing aobut Christianity or religion of any kind. They had never heard . of the Bible or New Testament .and only had a vague idea that after this life there was an existence away off somewhere to which they would go when their career here was ended and which was controlled and governed by the "Great Spirit." They knew nothing about the division of time into seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks months and years, as we have it now. They fixed the passage of time by suns, moons and the four seasons oi the year, which they kept track of by characters marked on deer and other skins; on the inside of birch, bark, etc. 1 hey knew nothing about Sunday. To them every day was alike. As a rule they had but little to do, and it was not strange that they were naturally lazy and indolent. They lived off of wild game and fish and fruits, that nature had provided in great abundance, and a1 the labor they performed was in procuring and preparing it for use. The Squaw was usually the laborer if any labor was to be done. She took care of the ponies when the big Indian, the chief of the wigwam started out or returned from the hunt; and with her primitive hoe or sharp stick she cultivated the corn and vegitable patch, and prepared the dead limbs, bark and sticks for the fire as it was needed. They had no schools of learning of any kind. They knew nothing about politics or religion, secret or other societies. '1 heir lives were spent in hunting ana ftshing, in the chase, and in visiting back and forth from settlement to settlement, and from village to village. They were, therefore, natur ally, possessed of a very low grade of intelligence, but as a people were endowed with as high a degree of mortality, if not higher, thai; their white brothers. The marriage r lation was as sacred under their crude regulations as it is among the whites in these days of so-called civilization. A violation of the rrarriage relation was generally punished with banishment or death. Contrary to what n-ight be naturallv expected, owing to the rude and wild mode of life they lived, there was very little prostitution, and according to population, there were probably fewer illegitimate children among them than among the whites. They seemed to have no particular object in life, other than to eat, drink, and be merry. They did not worry about tomoTow. They let tomorrow take care of itself. 1 hey had no calculations tor the future. They made the best of the situation as they found it, and that was all their was of life to them. The Pottawattomie Indians once so numer ous here are now all gone not one is leit to tell the story. Of all those who made up the caravan of those who were driven awa 71 years ago today not one is living so far as is known all have passed over to the han py hunting grounds. None of them have left any record, or any history in themselves to perpetuate the fact that they ever had ah existence here. Their villages and Chapel have all been utterly destroyed: their hunt ing grounds have been transposed into fields ot waiving corn and wheat a.nd the wild deet and other wild animals so numerous then have also all passed a a ay. leaving only mem ories of a vanished race and a past genera tion. , A great wrong was perpetrated against these ignorant and helpless Indians throueh the influence of dishonerable and hishonest men in mis-representing the facts to Governor Wallace and inducing him to authorize the recruiting of a company of soldiers and an pointing General John Tinton in command. thereby lobbing them of their lands and de stroying their homes, and the monument here rnveiled and dedicated "iii memory of Chief Menominee and his" band of R39 Pottawat tomie Indians removed fiom this Keservation September 4, 1KW. bv a company of soldiers under command ot General John lipton, an erected by the great State of Indiana, as an acknowledgement of that fact, and to further emphasize in the most fcrcible manner that "Truth crushed to earth shall rise aagin. The eternal years of God are hers, llirt error wounded writhes in pain And dies amidst her worshippers." iinri7en iy .overnor i avti u ailace, is DEAFNESS CANNOT BE CURED by local applications, as they canno reach tihe diseased portion of the ear jrp 3J110 OJ AU.w 30JO AUO si a-iacj; ness and that lis by coins ;itiriona' rendiics. Deafness is caused by an inflamed condition of the mucous lining of the Eustachian Tube. When this tube is inflamed you have a runtbliiiK sound or imperfect hearing, and vAhcn it s entirely cksed, Deafness is the icsult, arod unless the inilamation can tie taken out and this lube restored forever; nine cases out oi ten are caused by Catiarrfi, which is nidthing but an inflamed oomlvjior. of the mucous surfaces. We will pive One Hundred Dollars for any case of Deafness caused by catarrh fhat cannot be cured by Hall's Catiarrlh Cure. Send for circulars free. F. J. Chaney & Co. Toledo, Ohio. Sold by Drug-ßists, 75 cemts Take Hall's Family Pilte for constipation. Take rare of your stifnach. Lei KocM digest all the food you ca-c for that is what Kodol does. Every tablesiJ-oonfful of Kodol digests two ari'l oire-tfourth pounds of food. Tr k today. It is guaranteed to relieve you or your moirey back. Sold by AM Druggists.

Aids Nature

The great success of Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery in curing weak stomachs, wasted bodies, weak lungs, and obstinate and lingering coughs, is based on the recognition of the fundamental truth that "Golden Medical Discovery" supplies Nature with body-build-ing, tissue-repairing, muscle-making materials, in condensed and concentrated form. With this help Nature supplies the necessary strength tc the stomach to digest food, build up the body and thereby throw off lingering obstinate coughs. The "Discovery" re-establishes the digestive and nutritive organs in sound hesJth, purifies and enriches the blood, and nourishes the nerves in

short establishes sound vigorous health. your dealer otters something crf as &ood, !.'' it Is probably better FOR tilM.lt pays better. But you are thinking ot the care not the f rotit, mo there's nothing "Just as &ood9 tor you. Say so. m Dr. Pierce's Common Sense Medical Adviser, In Plain English; or, Medicine Simplified, 1008 pages, over 700 illustrations, newly revised up-to-date Edition, paper-bound, sent for 21 one-cent stamps, to cover cost of mailing only. Cloth-bound, 31 stamps. Address Dr. R. V. Pierce, Buffalo, N. Y.

For Dyspepsia and Indigestion If you Suffer from Indigestion, Dyspepsia, Gas on the Stomach, Belching, Sour Stomach, Heart-burn, etc., a little Kodol will Relieve you almost Instantly

Kodol supplies the same digestive Juices that are found in a healthy stomach. Being a liquid, it starts digestion at once. Kodol not only digests your food, but helps you enjoy eyery mouthful you eat. You need a sufficient amount of pood, wholesome food to maintain strength and health. But, this food must be digested thoroughly, otherwise the pains of Indigestion and dyspepsia are the result. When your stomach cannot do its work properly, take something to help your stomach. Kodol is the only thine that will give the stomach complete rest. Why? Because Kodol does the tame work as a strong stomach, and does it in a natural way.

. C. R. LEONHRD.

Funeral Director Jflf if PLYMOUTH. Office Phone 90 SLICKERS wear well and they keep you dry while you are wearing them $300 EVERYWHERE GUARANTEED V&TERPQ00F. CATALOG FEE AJ.TbWEB Ca boston, ua. Tower Canadian Ca umtco. tooonto. cm iheumatism I haTe fownd a tried and tested enre for Rhv tnatlsm! Not a remedy that will strt Jgbten tba distorted limb of chronic cripples, nor turn bony rrowtha back to flesh strain. That is impossible. But I can now surtlr kill tha pains and pangs of thi deplorable disease. In Germany with a Chemist in the City of Darmstadt I fojmd the last ingredient with Which Dr. Shoop's Rheurnatic Remdy wa made a perfect od. dependable prescription. Without that last insreditnt. I successfully treated many, rr.ar.'y cases of Rheumatism ; out now. at last, it uniformly cures all run hie cases of this heretofore much dreaded disease. Thoe sand-like granular wastes, found In Rheumatic blood seem to dissolve and pass away under the actios of this remedy as freely as do-s susar when adii1 to pure water And thn. when dissolved, these poisonous wastes freely pass from the system, and the cause oi Rheumatism Is gone forever. There is now no real need no actual excuse to suffer longer without help. M e sell, and in confidence recommend Dr. Shoop's Rheumatic Remedy L TANNER. A pleasing good, high grade, truly tiavorcd amber colored cup of coffee can he had and without the real coffee danger, or damage to health, by simply irsing Dr. Shoop's new substitute, called "Health Coffee." Türe ;v1if!legme toasted .cereals, mall, nut?, -etc, make Dr. Shoop's Health Coffee both hea-Ithfful ami satisfying. ro 20 to po minutes tedious boiling. "Made in- a minute." says Dr. Shoop. IL served a coffee, it's tas-te will even trick au expqrt. Tc'st it ami see.. For sal by Mi In er Thomas. DcWitt's LiK'le Earlv risers the ife, ure, easy, gentle Cattle live. pills. The original Carboltzed Witch Hazel Salve is DcWitt's. The name is nhinh- stampel on every box. It is jrcKxl for cuts,, burns, bruises, sore hot's a:ml s-unburn, but it is especial ly good for Tiles. Sold by All Druggists. Vivk Tain Tablets Dr. Shoop' top headache, womanly pains. anj pain, anywhere in 20 minutes sure. Formula on ihe 23 cent box. A-k your driiffffist or doctor about this formula it's fine. Sold by L. Tanner It's a pity when sick .ones drug the stomach or stimulate the Heart and Kidneys, That is- all wrong. A weak Stomach, mean weak Stomach nervc-S always.. And this is also true of the Heart and Kidneys. The weak nerves arc iii'stead cryi'iff out for help. Thi explains why Dr. Shoop is promptly 'helping Stomach. Heart ami Kidney ailments. The Restorative reaches out for the actual cause of the?e ailments, the failing inside nerves. Anyway test the Restorative 4S hours. It won't cure so soon as thnt, .but you will surely know that help is coming. Seid bv L. Tanner. Tickling or dry Coughs will quicklv loosen when us-ing Dr. Shoop' Cough Remedy. Ami it is so thorO'.'ghlv 'harmic'S'S, that Dr. Shoop lell's mothers to u?e nothing else, even for very young babies. The wholesome ereeo' leaves and tender ftems of a lung-h healin mountain ous s'hrt'b give the cnrative properties' to Dr. Shoop's CoupIi Remedy. It calms the comgh, and heals vJie sensitive bronchial membranes. No, opium, no chloroform, nothing hars-u 'cd to iniure or s-urmress.. Demand. Dr. Shoop 3, Accept no other. Sold, by L. Tanner,

if

to

So. don't neglect your stomacbl Don't become a chronic dyspeptic Keep your stomach healthy and strong br taking & little Kodbl. You don't have to take Kodol all the time. You only take it when you need it Kodol is perfectly harmless. Our Guarantee ' Oo to vour druggist today and get a dolls bottle. Then after you have used Iba entire contents of the bottle If you cm bonestly aay that It baa not Uone you any good, return the bottle to the druggist sod he will refund your money without question or-delays. We wtl tben pay tbe draffglt. Don't hesitate, ail draeglsts know that our' guarantee it good. Th It offer apf tiles to the large bottle only and to but on n a family. The larre bottle contains 2 tlmea as much as tbe fifty cent bottle. Kodol Is prepared at the laboratories of . C. De Wilt & Ca, Chicago. 3'" and Undertaker. I INDIANA. Residence Phone 18. MONEY TO LOAN on Farm Lands, at Ten Year Time. J. A. MOLTER, Plymouth, Ind. N. B. PlSPI1N7TLL, PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON N308 N. Michigan St. Surgeon to Penna Lines, Vandalia and Lake Shore Railways. Ur. F. 11. BU RELET. DENTIST PLYMOUTH, INDIANA CHPCS. KELLISON Office Corbin Blk.,PlymouthJnd. Practices in all the Courts of Indiana and in the United States Courts. ... AND HEAD. ITxr ACHES CURED GLASSES FITTED AT MODERATE PRICES. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. DR. J. BURKE & CO 230 Mich, St (Paxson Bldg.) South Bend, Ind. (Established 1900) EYES EXAMINED FREE. We Redeem Coupons FOR SAME AS CASH. Frank Vangilder, KENDALL BLOCK. All Kinds of Groceries. Dr. A. A EIKENBERRY ' OF PERU. INDIANA, EYE, EAR, NOSE AND Throat Specialist. AT ROSS HOUSE EVERY FRIDAY ALL DAY. NOTICE OF ADMINISTRATION Xo. 2004. State of Indiana, Marshall County, ss: Notice is hereby given that the undersigned have been appointed Executors, of the estate of Theodore Cressner late of MarhaM County, Indiana, deceased. -Said estate is supposed t6 be solvent. Luther R Cressner anl Hart L. Weaver Executors. Do not be deceived by unscrupulous imitators who would have yoi believ fhat the imitation piflls are as good as DeWitt's Kidney and IWadder Pills. There isn't anything iu st ai good as these wonderful oillf for the relief of Backaiche.Weak Back inflamation of the bladder, urinary disorder's ami all kidnev complaints. Any one- can rake DeWitt's Kidney and Bladder Pills as directed in perfect condition erf good results. Sold by All Druggists.