Plymouth Tribune, Volume 8, Number 43, Plymouth, Marshall County, 29 July 1909 — Page 6

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Wi Zar- if

The Rear of the Army. It happened to some good soldiers to see the rear of a moving army. Those who were temporarily detailed for service with the quartermaster, the medical department, a3 guards over a hundred and one things that had to be protected against our own troops, as well as against attacks of guerillas, as orderlies set hither and yond with dispatches all these can tell of what a caravan of wagons, railroad trains, sutler's shops, citizens hanging about the skirts of the army on every possible pretense, "dead beats' and stragglers who disgraced their uniform, and what not, made up the "rear of the army." If the army numbered more ; than thirty thousand men. its great crowd of non-combatants and their transportation, following It on all possible roads, was spread over miles of territory. I have often thought that a general in the rear might have been an excellent thing to our armies in the field during the late war. The commanding general usually had all he could see to in the way of directing the march, getting reliable information of the movements of the enemy, and getting and keeping ready for the fighting of battles. It did not often happen that he knew much about what was going on In his rear, or was able to govern that part of the army, very much. Colonel John S. Mosby's true story of what he did in the rear of Sheridan's forces in the Shenandoah Valley, In the summer and fall of 1864, would astonish even some of the Union soldiers of that campaign. The trains that he captured, the prisoners that he took, the terror that he caused, are only faintly shown by anything that has been published. And although General Sheridan says in his report that Mosby was his best rear guard, and was worth as much to him in the rear as a brigade of our own cavalry to keep the rear closed up, I think that many of hi3 soldiers .will Bay that it was a very costly rear guard. Things might have been very much better had there been some arbitrary authority in the rear to keep the trains closed up, to see that the guards were properly disposed and in perfect order for an attack, and to Bend the stragglers summarily to the front. An officer with the snap and judgment to do this might have caved many valuable lives and prisoners and preserved hundreds of thousands of dollars to the government in all kinds of war material. I doubt not that, with his large experience in the field, no man would more fully admit this than Sheridan himself. I never saw much of tho rear of the army, either In march or battle. I take no credit for the fact. The plain, simple duty of the soldier under arm3 la at the front, where the fighting Is likely to occur; and the soldier who was not at the front at such a time has got an explanation to make as to why he was not there. Yet, disorderly and Ill-managed and weak against any attack of the enemy as was the rear of most of our armies In the field, I suppose It could bear nj comparison to the aspect of things in the rear during the progress of a heavy battle. Practically, I know little of this, either. But I hive heard much from comrades who had a right to be in the rear at such times as to the disheartening appearance of affairs, and what I saw at the front will account for something of the disgraceful state of things that was visible in the rear while a battle wa3 going on. There Is nothing about my experience that was out of the common order. Thousands cf veterans shared it, and will cheerfully verify my words. The business of the soldier Is to kill the enemy. He Is clothed, fed, wd paid by the government; he is Jrilled and Instructed; he marches and countermarches for hundreds of aiiles, and finally gets into a battle. there his simple, stern duty Is to kill the enemy. He is to obey his officers, and do all the killing that he possibly can. If every soldier acted on this principle and conviction of duty, wars would be much longer and much bloodier than they are. Even the wonderful modern improvements in firearms and ordnance would not avail against an army, every unit of which was determined to fight till victory was gained, or until he was put hors du combat. In eve'y army that vas ever brought Into the field since firearms were Invented (back of that i3 not necessary to go) there was a large percentage of soldiers who would not fight if they got a chance to run. It was so on both sides during our war; the records of all European wars show the same, fact. I have read every account of the battle of Waterloo that I can find, and presume that I have something more than the average knowledge of this generation as to the momentous conflict. It 13 the battle above all others upon which Englishmen pride themselves; yet I will maintain that in no battle of the rebellion were there as many stragglers and skulks from the Union army, as there were on that day in the rear of the allied armies, which by a mere accident snatched the victory from Jfapoleon. No, not even at Shlloh or Cedar Creek, which are generally Cited as conspicuous instances of Union demoralization, r-It does not require a panic to take men from the field of battle, if they are able to get away. Some men have no fight in them, and will always take advantage cf.the first opportunity to go to the rear. These are the men who by their numbers have often caused a report to b sent from the rear that the battle was losL An illustration occurs to me. At Sheridan's battle of Winchester, September 19, 18G4, though for an hour after the opening of the fight things looked serious for uu in the center, and we knew that there was a Lost of our fugitives at the rear, yet I know that there was never an hour or a moment when the fighters at the front despaired of the day, or did not feel able and xrilling to stand up against all the force that the Confederates could bring against us. The result, as all know, was a splendid Union victory. Three months afterward. Captain George D. Wells of the One Hundred and Seventyhlrd New York

told ma what he saw in the rear at 1 o'clock. He was assistant quartermaster, in charge of the train of the First Division, Ninteenth Army Corps, and therefore was in his proper place, lis said that the rush of fugitives through the woods, with arms and without arms, was so great that he despaired of the battle. Jt looked to him as If Sheridan's whols army was breaking to pieces. Major B. W. Crowninshield of tha Massachusetts Cavalry, on Sheridan's staff, writes me of the scenes it the rear at Winchester: "I know that General Sheridan and I had more than we could do to rally an Immense mob of soldiers running to the rear. It looked very much like a disaster from where we saw them swarming out of the woods to the rear." So it looked to officers who had a right to be at the rear on that great day, and I presume that Sheridan doubted his fortunes in that hour. He was greatly relieved, if not surprised soon after, on getting up to the front, to find that his army was still there, and that the enemy was being stubbornly held back till the cavalry and the West Virginia and Ohio men could attack their right and double them up. I was not at Shlloh. and have no right to speak of that field, except by hearsay. Yet I will say that I have talked with many of our soldiers who were there, and have heard none of them concur In the claim of Grant and Sherman, that we were not badly whipped at the close of the first day, and that, but for the reinforcements of Buell and Nelson, the Union army would have been driven Into tha Tennessee River the next morning. However this may be, the army of fugitives in the rear probably equaled the number of fighting men in front. One of Buell's officers tells me that they crowded the river bank that night as his division crossed, begging to be put on the other side. Sherman himself says of General Buell: "Approaching our field of battle from the rear he encountered that slckening crowd of laggards and fugitives that excited his contempt, and that of his army." The battle of Shiloh was fought at the beginning of the second year of the war; but soldiers did not change much for three years after that. There continued to be real soldiers, and those who merely wore the .uniform and bore the name. By soldier3, I mean to include officers, too. The men of true blood and grit did the fighting, and won the victories, when they were won. They were-animated by a sentiment well expressed by the old poet, Motherwell, which the runaways could not understand: "Our business Is like men to fight. And, hero-like, to die." James Franklin Fitts.

A Family's Record. Now, by way of family record in the service of our country: Five brothers served In the army during the rebellion writes Captain P. II. Swift. I enlisted August 26, 1861, at seventeen years of age; Byron C. enlisted September 4. 1861, at sixteen years of age. and died at Batesvllle, Ark., June 15, 1862; Henry S. enlisted August, 1S62, at twenty-two years of age, and was killed as First Lieutenant of Company E. Thirty-third Wisconsin Volunteers, at Coldwater, Miss., April 19, 1863; Adrian C. enlisted in the spring of 1864. at fifteen years of age. and was terribly wounded at Spanish Fort in the fall of the same year, and Is now a cripple; William P. enlisted in the Sixteenth United States regular in 1863, at fourteen years of age. and was wounded in the leg at Lookout Mountain. Our mother was an old Algerian Whig and then a Republican, hating slavery with all the intensity of a nature that hated wrong and injustice, and her boys Imbibed the same spirit, and when the tocsin of war sounded each was anxious to not only defend the flag but strike the shackles from off the limbs of four millions of human beings, who were held in slavery contrary to the spirit and genius of our Institutions and our civilization. The boys went out and the home of the parents became desolate, yet neither murmured, for the country was in danger and the flag must have defenders. Stonewall Jackton' IlfrorJ. The death of John William Jones, D. D., at Columbus, Ga., recalls what Is probably the funniest series of typographical blunders which ever actually occurred. sa'3 the Watchman. The writer can testify to the accuracy of this series, because he read them at the time they were made In the two Journals involved. After the Civil War Dr. Jones was southern correspondent of the New York Examiner. At that time there was a rival Baptist paper in New York City called the Watchtower. In writing of the death of his friend Stonewall Jackson Dr. Jones praised highly his character and referred to him as a "battle-scarred veteran." The printers of the Examiner amended this, and it was stated to the readers that Stonewall Jackson was "a battle-scared veteran." The Watchtower saw a chance to make a little fun of Its rival paper and attempted simply to reproduce the error of the Examiner's printer. But the printer of the Watchtower took his turn and made it read that Stonewall Jackson was "a bottle-scarred veteran." Now the Examiner had a good chance to get back at Its rival, and made merry at the trial to correct one error by making a worse one. But alas! It seemed that the expression was doomed to a comedy of errors, for when the Examiner's triumphant co inter appeared It Informed Its readers that In attempting to correct the error in the Examiner the Watchtower had said that Stonewall Jackson was "a battle-sacred veteran." At this both the editors gave It up as a bad Job. Odila and Ends. The cats of Berlin are all registered and wear a tag. In Canada wheat matures In from ninety to 100 days. The United States has the greatest variety of postage stamps. The German population throughout the whole world I3 computed to be 100.000.000. Emperor Franci3 Joseph cf Austria is the only royal personagu of Europe who doe3 not make use of automobiles. The clocks o the tower of Columbia University, New York, U said to be one of the most accurate in the world, varying but six seconds a year. The Japanese minister of comma nlcations is investigating the advisability of transporting mall by automobiles in the larger citie3 of that country and to remote regions not yet reached by railroad.

HUMANITY APPROACHING DIVINE IDEAL. By the Rev. R. F. Campbell.

Humanity Is progressing towards some great end, an end higher than the perfecting of separate individualities. One generation goes on where another leaves off, and unfolds the divino ideas a little more fully. Some day, we may hope, this Idea will b realized in a hur.an society as nearly perfect as the limitations of earth permit. We may reasonably hold that those generations which

have passed on have not stood still either, and are still concerned with the work of evolving humanity, a mighty Whole, one with and in the glorified Christ "Then cometh the end." All illusions, all sense of separateness, will disappear; the material will make way for the spiritual, the phenomenal for the real, and the universe of univers.es, visible and invisible, attain to perfect conscious oneness in the eternal life of God. This Is the New Testament view of the matter seen in the large perspective of our present-day knowledge of the vastness of the universal order. When we come to the question of the survival of Individual consciousness after death we can say no more than that the evidence which would satisfy the ordinary religious mind might fall with the uninformed by the religious temperament. Nevertheless the lack may ba In the latter rather than the former. The plane of spiritual experience Is real and is felt by most to be higher than the purely Intellectual, and it 13 in the plane of spiritual experience that certitude regarding the Immortality of the soul has hitherto generally been attained. There is the mind behind all, and the divine love that vibrates between soul and soul in response to the call of human need, like the ether that carries the electric fcrce from point to point in the visible universe. I we from the list of injured In connection with the terrible mining disaster of a few days ago that there is a possibility that an interesting correspondent has been killed. If so, perhaps he knows more now of the ways of God with men than I could ever tell him. Death Is no calamity to those whom It calls higher, but only to those who mourn their loss. And even that would be turned to joy if we could but know how tilings really are in the great beyond.

AMERICAN PRODIGALITY MOSTLY MYTHICAL. By GugUeimo Ferrero.

In Europe one is fond of speaking of the "barbarian extravagance" of the Americans. Naturally, therevare men and women in New York, Philadelphia and Chicago, Just as there are such men and women in Paris, London and Berlin, who delight in spending their money foolishly. It is perhaps even true that

V. I there are more of that class of men and worn--A J en in America than there are in Europe. But

it is equally true that this class of people in America as well as in Europe form only an insignificant minority and their folly could not be taken for a normal phenomenon of American life in general. One rarely sees real palaces in America. One of the mansions reputed to be among the largest In New York is that of Mr. Vanderbilt on Fifth avenue. Yet even thl3 house is far from attaining the proportions of a real palace a3 v. e understand the word In Europe.. The home of Mr. Morgan Is much smaller and does net surpass in magnitude cr luxury many of the beautif il hotels which embellish the elegant quarters of Parii and

I THE FINE ART OF MANNERS. Miss Prlndle wa3 a formal and precise old lady who "conducted" so the phrase ran a very select sewing class for young girls. Besides being an excellent school for learning needle; work. Miss Prlndle's Thursday afternoon gatherings were instructed In the niceties of old-fashicned manners. Miss Prlndle wa3 herself a model of propriety, and had her pupils tried only to imftato her, their time would not have been wasted. One day, down-town. Miss Prlndle saw coming toward her a girl whom she rocognlzcd to bo Marlon Knight, one of her sewing clas3. The girl was walking alcng rapidly, not seeming to notice her teacher. As tho two met, Miss Prlndle caught her eye, and bowed and smiled in her most formal way. She then passed on. reflecting that Marion would doubtle33 benefit by the example of her salute, and some time bo herself an example to others. A fev rods farther on. to her surprise, Miss Prlndle again encountered so sho thought Marion Knight. The girl v.a3 coming toward her, as before. Misa Prlndle stopped. "Are you " she began, "are you not Marion Knight?" "Certainly, JIlss Prlndle," said the girl. "And didn't I meet yoc only a moment ago?" she asked. "No. Miss iTlndle. I think that was my twin sister, Elsie." Miss Prlndle looked her confusion. "And she she Isn't in my cawing class, Is she, Marlen V "No, Miss Prlndle; she has been away at school for a long time." "O dear! O dear!" exclaimed the old lady. "And I don't know ter, and I bowed and smiled to her! Oh Marion, dear, will you tell her just as soon as you see her that I shouldn't have smiled and bowed to her, because I've never met her, you see? It was very bad form, you understand." "But, Miss Prlndle," protested the girl, "I think you met her last year when we first came to live here. Don't you remember? It was at the church fair." "Oh, 00 I did!" cried the other, arter a moment. "So I did. Well, in that case, Marion, you may tell your sister that I am glad I bowed, but I shouldn't have smiled. Good-by, dear!" Quick Wit Save. "The strangest and most thrilling piece of swordsmanship I ever saw," aid the fencing master, "was In Vermont. 'I was spending the autumn In a mountainous part of the state, and there wt a military encampment near my hotei. One morning an officer's horse startod to bolt with tho man during parade, and made at breakneck upeed toward a precipice. The officer tried to stop the horse, tried to turn Its head no use. On dashed the frantic animal straight for abyss. "We all held our breath. In another Instant we expected to se horse and rider go over the cliff. Cut the officer, when within fifty feet of the edge, drew his fword, and plunged it twice deep into the horse. The horse staggered, slowed, i-eelcd ever, dying. "The man had sacrificed the animal's life to save his own." - KneTr Me Vm Safe. "You S2cm to be go'ng home In a very cheerful rcanasr fcr a man who has been out all night." "Yes. Y01 see, my wlf 13 an amateur elocutionl -:t, and nhe's snving her voice for ar. estftrUlnrtf nt to-morrow night" Clsveiand Tlain Dealer.

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THEN SHE Orme- I suppose you are one of own canoe. Fred Well, I would rather see Orme And why? A T DIXIT? amrrxTTTTTJV T In the northeastern corner cf the Tyrol Is the test skee-ground in Europe, writes W. A. Ballllc-Grohman In "Tyrol." The region has many lofty peaks, which makes mountain climbing of Interest. The author gives one of his adventures on a peak near the village of Kltzbuehel. "On one of these peaks occurred to me many years ago a little adventure which gave me an opportunity of admiring the grand view rather longer than was pleasant. "I was out stalking chamois, and having some unoccupied hours in the middle of the day, when stalking Is practically useless, as the beasts are resting. I thought I would ascend one of those pinnacles upon which at that time few human beings, I suppose, had ever set foot"The very last bit was a smoothfaced rock not more than twelve feet high, but absolutely unclimbable If unaided by rope, or another man, upon whose shoulders one could get, and so obtain a hand grip of the top, and thus draw oneself up. As I was alone, I had recourse to a short length of rope I had in my rucksack. Making a sllp-noose, I threw It upward till it gripped some projection. Then I drew myself up. "While looking about me, an unfortunate movement of my legs, which were dangling over the brink as I sat, caused the rope to slip and fall down to the small ledge on which I had stood when flinging It upward. This ledge, or band of rock, was uncomfortably narrow, not wider than thirty Inches, and the abyss below was a perpendicular wall four or five church steeples In depth. "At first it did not seem such a serious fix to be in By letting myself drop to the ledge, my extended arms gripping the top, the distance between the soles of my feet and the ledge was not more than four feet or so nothing to speak of if that yawning gulf had not been there and I had had boots on my feet. But having taken these off and left them below, together with my coat and rifle, I should have to drop on to sharp rocks barefooted, and hence would be very apt to lose my balance. "The more I considered the position, the mora I funked that drop, and to make a long story short I stayed on that pinnacle two nights, until the morning of the third day, before hunger drove me to risk the drop, which I did In safety. "How I got down the remainder of that descent, 'shinning down chimneys and creeping along narrow ledges, waj a mystery to ma after

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which are inhabited by people who have much smaller fortunes than the great New York banker. Near his house Mr. Morgan has built a large library, where he amasses various collections of books, manuscripts and relics which ought to cost a great many millions. But this library is not a part of his house; it is a sort of public monument. Mr. Carnegie has built immense palaces all over America for libraries, museums and schools. Yet for himself he has reserved a house In New York which a European would consider hardly worthy of a man of such great wealth. European journals tell frequently almost unbelievable tales of American luxury, of fortunes spent on Jewels, on dresses, on flowers. They tell of fabulous feasts given, of the caprices of the new Neroes on the other side of the Atlantic. Like everybody else, before going to America I read these reports with Implicit faith in them. Now, however, I confess I have become skeptical and I do not consider these Journals as reliable sources of Information regarding American extravagance. , Briefly, I have not seen any essential difference between American luxury and European luxury. The cry about American extravagance had Its origin not in Europe, but in America, and it is rather proof of American democracy. This cry about extravagance has been raised by Americans who have been brought up In the spirit of purltanism and democracy and could not look Indifferently upon any growth of luxury which followed the growth of riches In the last century.

WHAT UNIVERSAL PEACE REALLY MEANS. By Baroness Von Suit iter.

The whole object of the peace advocates consists in turning the people and the governments to kindness and mutual love. They strive to show how much pleasanter, more comfcrtable and healthier it is to live in peace than it Is to quarrel and fight. The public Imagines the peace advocates to be a sort of a wishy-washy flock of sheepish men upon whom our war lords look down with

contempt and whose arguments are now and then refuted by historians and other learned men. This conception of the peace advocate, however, Is wrong. The peace advocate as the public thinks of him is only a phantom. He 13 only a caricature created by those who know nothing whatever about the movement and agitation for universal peace. War ha3 from time immemorial been and is at the present day the ruling, motive and course of human society. Peace is an interruption and an accident What the advocates of peace want is precisely to turn the thing around. They want to make, peace the ruling course and motive of human society, and war, in so far a3 it ever could arise, to be only an illegal interruption. In our present society, which rests entirely upon a war basis, peace 13 maintained only through expensive war preparations and through the constructing of fortifications. The movement for universal peace has in the last few years developed into a science. Sciences never create, plead or force phenomena they merely observe them and recognize them. The movement toward universal peace accomplishes more and more as the world becomes organized as its separate units begin to unite more closely. This is a process la harmony with the laws of nature. To conclude a universal peace pact between cJi nations is the n iea In human development.

PADDLED. those fellows who likes to ddle their the girl paddle this one. ward, for I wa3 faint with hunger and my knees trembled and shook under me. When I reached the first habitation where I happened to be known, the peasant woman at the door hardly recognized me." ENGLAND TO FALL. rirltlah Xolilenian Predict Capture by Germany. The Earl of Clanwllllam, who 13 In Winnipeg with his bride on his way to Alaska, expressed himself as of the positive belief that England Is doomed. lle( says Germany has made every preparation, has strengthened her army and navy, and will Invade England without a moment's notice. Nothing will prevent England being devastated and captured. The British are unprepared. Her army 13 weak and she could make little resistance against an invading force. It is such talk as this that hrs kept many Britons in a condition of nervous anxiety for months, so much so that the nation may be said to have been hysterical. I3ut It seems ro us that such talk is all rot. Perhaps Germany could take England. The question Is, however, could she bold it? Japan could take the Philippines from us almost without an effort. The United States could capture Canada or Mexico. Great Britain cculd take Denmark and Russia could conquer Sweden In a month. But in nono of these cases would tne matter end there. Nations In these days are not permitted to go forth on pillaging and conquering expeditions against their peaceful neighbors. Civilisation would not stand for that. The other powers would be asking questions and taking action before the sun could set twice. No, no; the old days are past and with them the old ways of doing things. Caught Dcndlnar. Professor Cube Root's class of geometrical geniuses were receiving instructions. They were first taught that a circle was a thing like this O. They then learned that a straight line was one without wabbles in It, so . "Now, boys," said Professor Root, "can any of you describe to me what a half circle is like?" Up shot half a dozen grasping hands. "Well, Teddy," raid Professor Root, "lei's hear your definition of a half circle first." "Please, sir." answered Teddy, "It's a straight line caught bending." London Express. If there Is so much enjoyment in flirting, why don't men flirt with their wives? A man without visble means of support just can't fcwp out of trouble.

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The Corporation Tax. . The corporation income tax, advocated by President Taft, and reported by Senator Aldrlch, chairman of the Finance Committee, will probably become a law. Such seems to be the program. There is great diversity of opinion as to the .merits of the measure, but there is a sharper division of opinion concerning the income tax proposition. The matter will probably be compromised by the adoption of the Aldrich amendment. This measure provides that every corporation, Joint stock company or association, organized for profit and having a capital stock represented by shares, and every Insurance company doing business In the United States, shall be subjected to pay annually a special excise tax equal to 2 per cent per annum upon the entire net income over $5,000 exclusive of amounts received by It as dividends upon stock of other corporations. 1 The net income Is ascertained, by de ducting from the gross amount V)f the income all ordinary and necessary ex penses actually paid within the year. If the revenue authorities are con vlnced that a corporation Is not making a proper return of its business aCairs, special government agents are author ized to make an inspection of the com pany books. ' Corporations will be notified of the amounts for which they are liable on or before the 15th day of June of each year. Any corporation falling to make payment within thirty days and within ten days after special notice will be compelled to pay 5 per cent extra on the amount unpaid as a penalty. Any agent of the government' disclosing Information received in the discharge of his duty will be liable to a fine of $1,000 or one year's imprls onment, or both. Corporations making false returns will be subject to a penalty of from $1,000 to $10,000. , Jurisdiction for the enforcement cf the statute is conferred upon all cir cuit and federal courts. Des Moines Capital. The Standard of Living;. The free trade newspapers make much of a statement, possibly inaccurate, that the cost of living has increased 40 per cent since the enactment of the Dingley tariff bill. Aside from the fact that wages have enjoyed their greatest Inflation known to history In that same period, these papers overlook a very Important item," and this is that the standard of living has Increased enormously. The luxury of yesterday Is looked upon as the necessity of to-day. The extravagance of the 'SO's may now be an article no housewife feels she can do without. Think of the hundred and one things of modern invention and application which are so closely a part of Our living arrangements that we never realize their importance until, as when on an outing trip, they are not to be had. The flat dweller never gives thought to the great comforts of running water and dependable heat until forced to make a winter trip among village hotels. The family of the working man has a scale of expenditures which includes items the wealthy would not have been blessed with a score of years ago. There is less walking, more riding; fewer home amusements, more theaters and lectures; less communication between neighbors, more traveling. An Increase In the standard of living must naturally come with the increase In the country's wealth and the multiplication of inventions and discoveries for the comfort and amusement of mankind. But all of these things must be paid for. It is not to enlarge the savings accounts of their members that the unions labor for the Increase of wages. It is not in the interest of economy that sociologists write so much as to aid In the spread of happiness. It may be true that living expenses have gone up 40 per cent since the Dingley iaw was signed, and it Is also true that the standard of living has gone up any number per cent. The Sogar Traut Indicted. The indictment by a federal grand Jury of six directors of the American Sugar Refining Company, popularly known as the sugar trust, Is evidence that the administration Is not going to wink at the violations of law by this Immense, arrogant and ruthless corporation, which controls 90 per dent of the sugar refining in the countryThe facts upon which the government will found its charge of a conspiracy (n restraint of trade, were uncovered jn the civil suit of Adolph Segal Sgainst the trust, which was recently fettled out of court by the payment pf a sum, said to be nearly $3,000,000, fo Mr. Segal. In 190G Mr. Segal, who was building ft refinery to compete with the Ameriran, was Induced to accept a loan which afterwards proved to have been furnished by the sugar trust itself. One of the conditions of the loan was lhat the ma who advanced the money jhould name the board of directors, which he did. When the refinery was lompleted, the board of directors, who turned out to be dummies, clerks in fbe office of the sugar trust, refused lo allow it to be opened. The conI piracy was complete. The sugar trust controlled the Segal refinery, end refused to allow it to compete. There seems to be a perfect case under the Sherman anti-trust act. '.'he question now is, whether the govrnment can get at the men higher tip in this conspiracy. There ought io be here a notable victory for the government, and a severe legal onjlemnation of criminal methods of Ihoking off competition. Minneapolis Journal. Warning. "Where are you going?" asked the butcher of his wife. "I'm going to the grocer's for some sugar." "Well, say don't buy it at the store across the street from my place. The man over there borrowed my scales this morning." Cleveland Leader. Ill Ilulldlntr Kite. "That lot you sold me at Lonesomehurst Is all covered with water," said the city man to the agent. "Sure!" said the fleshy man; "we're going to stock It for fishing net season!" Yonkers Statesman. The educational committee of the London County Council has decided upon the formation of classes In the school playgrounds for the summer months.

A TARIFF COMMISSION.

Doard of Expert One of the TarfT Iltll's Good Recommendations. One of the good polnt3 In the tariff bill which passed the Senate is the section which provides for the selection of a board of tariff experts, to report occasionally to Congress, and to advise Congress and the President in matters pertaining to the administration of the tariff act. This provision was incorporated in the bill at the suggestion of Mr. Aldrich. It was not in the House draft of the bill. But as the Republican press of the country has given the proposition strong support. It will probably be accepted by the House conferees. Several years have passed since the National Association of Manufacturers began urging the selection of a permanent, non-partisan board of broadminded business men to make inquiries into wages and prices of materials at home and abroad, and make reports to Congress from time to time on which that body could base such changes in the schedules as would be necessary. The leading Republican newspapers of the country gave the idea their support from the beginning. The necessity for such a board of capable, unbiased men to make such an Investigation was so apparent that it won the favor of many persons In Congress immediately. Bills providing for a commission were Introduced in the Congress which expired last March by Senators Beverldge, La Follette and others. They gave their hearty support to the Aldrich proposition, although they believed, and still believe, that It does not go far enough to meet the necessities of the situation. The provision In the Senate bill scops far short of what the country would like. It does not. In a mandatory way, provide for a permanent tariff commission, to give its entire time to the study of the labor and general industrial situation In the United States and the rest of the world. In a general way it leaves the number of the members of the tariff board and their duties to the President. It Is a beginning, however, and there is hope that In the regular session next winter a further step may be taken toward creating the body which the business men of the country ask. Never was he necessity for such a commission n ade so obvious as it was during the framing and the consideration of the Payne bill. Had there been a body at work for two or three years before the meeting of the extra session, the work of Messrs. Payne and Aldrich could have been performed in three or four weeks instead of four months, and the finished product would have been far more satisfactory to the American people than this Is likely to be. SL Louis Globe-Democrat. What n Ileal Demorra'!e Party Can Do. The St. Louis Republic, the leading Democratic newspaper -of the West, celebrates its one hundred and first birthday by outlining a winning platform for the Democratic party. . It 13 essentially the Tilden platform of 1S76, and the Cleveland platform of 1S84, condensed into the following brief statement: Devotion to the Constitution in Its full force and full vitality reform in the scale of public expense. Federal, State and municipal curtailing expenditures to the needs of a government economically administered cutting down extravagant appropriations abolishing useless offices and places not required by the public welfare. We have become so accustomed to thrills and sensations in Democratic policies that such a platform looks at first decidedly dull, flat and commonplace. Yet it fs built of the issues that abide of issues that are always demanding to be met. Because of the long lease of power without effective opposition the Republican party staggers under its own weight, and the country sometimes staggers with it. Something is needed to bring the country and the political thought of its people Into balance, equilibrium and stability. Here is the opportunity of the Democratic party. It has but to take the opportunity and show sincere devotion to the Issues that abide. "With a candidate possessing the confidence of the country," says the Republic, "a platform like this will prove the winning one." 1 With such a candidate and such a platform the Democracy can do much. It can straighten up the Republican party like magic. Or, if it fail in this, it can seize the reins of power for itself. Chicago Inter Ocean. Shall the Canal De Fortified r To fortify or not to fortify the Panama canal is the question that Congress will have to determine shortly. At first blush, the canal being an American enterprise, intended primarily as an adjunct to the American navy and designed to bring our coasts together, the sentiment would be for fortifying it. The Suez canal Is not fortified. Great Britain controls the canal, and Great Britain dominates the Mediterranean. She has heavily fortified Gibraltar. She has naval bases at Malta and Cyprus. Hence it may be something of a mistake to assume that the Suez canal Is open to all nations whether at peace or war. The test has not yet come, when Great Britain was actually at war herself. Taper treaties do not hold nations when they are confronted with the question of selfpreservation. Yet the United States might weaken, rather than strengthen. Itself by fortifying the Panama canal. In the first place, land fortifications would not prevent a hostile sea force from blockading the canal. This would compel U3 to draw our ships from our coasts and divide our naval strength, which never will be more than enough to protect our long oast line in case of war. The Panama canal can re fortified. It can be rendered impregnable from assault by sea. It is all a question whether this country would gain anything by announcing that the canal is a national rather than an International concern. It is a question to think aboutt Minneapolis Journal. In Nebraska. A member of the Nebraska legislature was making a speech on sjme momentous question, and in concluding said: "In the words of Daniel Webster, who wrote the dictionary, 'Give me liberty or give me death.'" One of his colleagues pulled at his coat and whispered: "Daniel Webster did not write the dictionary; It was Noah." "Noah nothing," repeated the speaker. "Noah built the ark," -Chicago Inter-Ocean.

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They have become run down by a winter of unnatural manner of living because of ill-considered food and much time spent Indoors. Spring comes with Its sunshine. Its fresh vegetables and all else invigorating, but the children are in no condition to receive nature's remedies.. , Many parents call In the family physician. Many other parents take advantage of what the physician toll them when he was first called in consultatioa. All good family physician 6ay: "Give the children Castoria. Healthy parents know this remedy ot old, for they took It themselves at; children. It was more than thirty years ago that Castoria made a place, for itself In the household. It bore the signature of Charles IL Fletcher then, as It does to-day. The signature is its guarantee, which is accepted in thousands of homes where there are children. J Much is printed nowadays about big families. Dr. William J. McCrann, of Omaha, Neb., Is the father of one of these much-read-about families. Here is what he says: "As the father of thirteen children . I certainly know something about your great medicine, and aside from my own family experience I have, la my years of practice, found Castoria a popular and efficient remedy In almost every home." Charles IL Fletcher has received hundreds of letters from prominent physicians who have the same esteem for Castoria that Dr. McCrann has. Not only do these physicians say they use Castoria in their own families, but they prescribe it for their patients. First of all it is a vegetable preparation which assimilates the food and regulates the stomach and bowels. After eating comes sleeping, and Castoria looks out for that, too. It allays feverishness and prevents loss of sleep, and this absolutely without the use of opium morphine or other baneful narcotic. Medical Journals are reluctant to discuss proprietary medicines. Hall'e Journal of Health, however, says: "Our duty is to expose danger and record tha means for advancing health. The day for poisoning Innocent children through greed or Ignorance ought to end., To our knowledge Castoria Is a remedy which produces composure and health by regulating the system, not by stupefying It, and our readers are entitled to the Information." 1 A Talk with the LamaCol. d'Ollone describes an Interview he had with the Dalai Lama. 'The grand lama, who Is about 36 years of age, sat upon a throne placed on a dais. He wore an orange tunic, yellow trousers, and boots of yellow leather, while a scarf of red silk covered his shoulders. His head was uncovered, showing his closely-cut black hair. II has a small black mustache and a tuft on his chin. His features are somewhat European In their cast, but the . skin is of a vivid orange tint. "According to custom, I presented tha grand lama with a blue silk scarf. Three Interpreters wero necessary a Chinaman, to whom I spoke In French; a Mongol, to whom the former translated my sentences, and a Thlbetlan, who conveyed their sense to the grand lama. "At the close of the conversation, he handed me a' blue scarf, saying he wished me to be the bearer of it to the Emperor of the French, and I became a sort of envoy from the Buddhist high priest to M. Fallierei." 12-DAY EXCURSION. TO NIAGARA FALLS VIA NICKEL PLATE ROAD. 26th Annual Special Train leaves Aug. 9. Write for booklet containing all Information. Mr. F. P. rarnin, T. P. A FL Wayne. Ind. (09-26) la the Spring;. It was housecleaning time, and Mr. Stubb was removing the dusty pio cures from the walls. The frames slipped, the stepladder creaked ominusly, and the perspiration rolled from Mr. Stubb's brow. In the humor to bite a nail in half, he turned an! discovered Mrs. Stubb laughing. 'That's it!" he roared, as the stepladder swayed. "Laugh aad ahoir your gold teeth." And still she laughed. "Do you think there Is anything funny in my moving these pictures?" he spluttered, in fiery tones. "No, Jnieed. John." said Mrs. Stubb, soothingly, "but you know you look so funny. It looks like a moving pl ture show." Thea Mr. Stubb swallowed a pint of dust and simply fumed. And This, from a Wife. Husband (explaining his late home coming) My dear, I couldn't help 1L I just missed the last car and had to wait forty minutes. WifeNow don't blame it on the street car company. They've troubles enough without you. Detroit Free Press.

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