Plymouth Tribune, Volume 7, Number 13, Plymouth, Marshall County, 2 January 1908 — Page 6

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c k a . a iw t rw. Profit depends es mucli on the cost o production as on the soiling price. Th g'od, square walk as a gait for a farm horse i3 the most valuable of any. Where the pungent smell of ammonia la noticed escaping from the manure It may be taken as an indication of loss. In nearly all cases the offspring of immature, undeveloped animal3 is inferior iv that of mature and fullgrown parents. Cold air will not injure sheep, but a wet coat and a cold wind may prove as dangerous as it would with any other animal. Sheep restore to the soil a larger proportion of the elements than they take from it In grazing than do any other stock. Don't le discouraged if mistakes are made ; those who do things make many of them, but repeating the same mistake spells disaster. Don't hitch the co!i to a load until he has been thoroughly accustomed to drawing a light wagon or elelgh, then hitch to a light load at first. ' In selecting tomatoes for seed, eave the large, smooth fruit on the vines , that produce the earliest ; try to save the fruit with the most meat and the least seed. A sure way to make an enemy of what might have been a friend is to recount to him the number of times you have accommodated him in the past, Bomo time when you happen to be a little "out" "Plumping" poultry is done -by dipping tt'e fov.is ten seconds in water nearly or quite boiling hot, and then Immediately in cold water. Hang in a cool plar until the animal heat is entirely out of the body. Never choose a dairy cow because she Is fat, sleek and a beauty. "Beaut la as beauty does." The fat and sleek dairy cow doesn't do the Itandsoin thing. The scraggy, bony cow doe-t Therefore, she Is the real dairy beauty. Cultivate black walnut, as the supply Is fast becoming exhausted, while the demand fcr that kind of wood for furniture and other purposes is very great. Trees of good size grow In ten to twelve years, and the lumber commands a very high price. It la queer how the seasons can affect the size of some fields in all neighborhoods. In the spring a piece of ground may be thirty acres In measuring the work done per day, but In the fall the same piece may be only twenty or twenty-five 'acres In measuring the yield per acre. To preserve the wheels of vehicles and slso to prevent shrinkage of any of the parts, put some boiling linseed oil into a pan or other vessel and raise the wheel so that the rim will pass through the oil. Revolve the wheel and let the felloes be well soaked for about three minutes, and the wheel will then be more durable. For old orchards the "trimming up" method Is perhaps the best.' Cut off the bottom limbs to a point 3 or 4 feet from the ground, then cut off the ends of the most extending branches. . Do not prune too closely. Pruning may be done any time this winter, or early eprin:, but the wounds should be covered at once with paint. An old tree fcleeda freely,, and will suffer If there are a large number of wounds on It. ' Con and Cob Ileal (or Cattle. Tor a number of years it has been the policy at the Iowa Experiment Station and Agricultural College," says Professor Curtis, "to use corn and cob meal Insicnd of cornmeal whenever the conditions are such as to warrant grinding at all, and we have neve had any injurious results that could be attributed to the use of corn and cob meal -when properly ground and fed to cTittle. Intensive Caltnre of Corn. If an increase of a single grain of corn on each ear could be made the Increased total profit to the country would be $l,C20,00O. Farmers generally have taken great interest In the Information furnished by the agricultural schools concerning seeds, soils, fertllieers and modes of cultivation. The aim ahould te to produce larger ears, more grains on the ear, more cars on the stalks and more stalks to the acre. This means intensive and scientific cultivation, and when generally mastered Und pursued an average of 100 bushels to the acre on the best corn land will be the common report in favorable seasons from ail over the corn belt. Sweet Springs Herald. Msht I the Time. It has long been known that budding trees, when transplanted in the evening, were more likely to thrive than those that were moved in the day time. A French expert has gone a step further and proved that distinctly beneficial results can be gained by transplanting In the dead of night. Fie has transplanted large tracts without losing any of the trees by the adoption of this method. Trees, he says, should not be moved while their buds are too tender, and the work 6hou'd be done between 10 p. m. and 2 a. m. - The roots should be covered with earth. which has for several days been exposed tu the air and light This should be settled by copious watering and not by pressure of the feet. For the first two weeks after moving the boughs and lea res of the trees should be thoroughly sprinkled. Eleeirlfied Potator. The use of electricity In cultivating farm and garden products Is not new, says the Ohio Magazine, but It has made considerable progress In recent years. One method of ' experiment has been to stretch a wire netting across a field high enough not to touch the growing plants and circulate through It an

electrical current. In other experi ments the soil has been electrified by wires under and around the roots. By the former method it Is said that strawberries attained an Increased . product of from 50 to 1S3 per cent, corn from 23 to 40 per cent, potatoes 20 per cent, beets 2G per cent and other products in proportion. It Is claimed that an average Increase of 43 per cent could be obtained with substantially all crops on fertile land by the electric treatment. Karly Cotton to Defeat Weevil. The Mexican cotton boll weevil has net been put out of commission as the Department of Agriculture unJertook to do, yet the department believes It has developed a method by which the ravages of the pest may bo largely prevented. At first it was believed that If the vll spread over the cotton-producing weevil spread over the cotton-producing Industry, and every energy was bent to check its progress. When It was found that th weevil was destined to overrun the cotton district In spite of all that could, be done, the department set about devising some way to reduce or prevent the damage done, and in this it has succeded to a considerable extent Tha method Is to grow varieties of cotton that mature early, and to plant the crop early, so that it will mature before the weevil g?ts In Its work. It seems, therefore, that tho solution has come In natural methods and not In tho extermination of tho insect The weevil Is evidently here to stay. 1 Pasturing Pier. In an experiment conducted at the North Platte Experiment Station In Western Nebraska recently, two lots of weaned brood sows were fed, the one three pounds of corn a day per 100 pounds of hog, together with alfalfa pasture ; the other four pounds of corn In a dry lot without alfalfa or other seed. It required nearly 43 ' per cent more corn to yield 100 pounds of gain in tho dry lot than in the pasture. To pasture a pig through the season at North riatto costs about 30 cents, val uing alfalfa consumed In the field at $2.30 a ton. Twenty-nine shoats, averaging 1S3 pounds, made for six weeks an average da'ly gain of 1.30 pounds each on three pounds of com a day per 100 pounds of pigs. With corn at 33 cents this made a cost, not including the alfalfa consumed, of $2.3tJ per 100 pounds of gaii. Another lot, averaging 130 pounds, was fed a full ration of com. They gained l.C pounds a day each, a cost for gains of $3.07 per 100, not including alfalfa, corn being 33 cents. Grinding Grain for PI. Many farmers are now forcing their pigs to make the greatest possible gain in weight for "killing time." The office of experiment stations of the Department of Agriculture summarizes some Wisconsin station pig-feeding experiments covering a period of ten years, with the following conclusions: Where there is plenty of time for maturing pigs, and It is not necessary to secure the maximum daily gain. It Is doubtful If It pays to grind corn for pigs. The test shows that where quick maturity Is an Important item, better results are secured from cornmeal. Pigs fed cornmeal pat mrvrm grain and make somewhat larger dally gains. Cornmeal can doubtless be fed to good advantage In finishing off a bunch of hogs which were first fed shelled corn. Changing over to cornnteal near the close of the feeding period' also furnishes a change in the character of tho ration which will be satisfactory to the animals. When fit ting hogs for show, sale or In highpressure feeding for market, the feeder will consider It advisable to grind the corn, even though It is expensive to do Wet t Ina- Dry Lund and Drying "Wet. The United States lias spent about $20,000,000 in reclaiming by irrigation arid lands of the West There are further tremendous projects under way on which something like $1,000,000 a month is being expended. Not a little stirred, perhaps, by the American example, Australia is now boring wells and laying pipes to bring life to Its great "dead heart" to make fertile the innumerable acres of the Interior so that population need no longer be limited to the fringe of coast lands. But Irrigation is not to be the end of government enterprise In America. There Is water to be taken off as well as water to be turned on. In the eastern parts of the republic are 77,000,000 acres of swamp land which may be reclaimed by drainage. The States wherein these lands lie are demanding at Washington federal aid as generous as that given to the States with the dry places. In this other case the United States may draw an example from abroad Instead of setting one. Holland has planned to spend $70,000,000 In rescuing 1,400 square miles of territory now held by the Zuyder Zee. The little kingdom will destroy a wide stretch of historic waters, but It will feel repaid In crops and rents. Decreasing Length of Stock. The results secured at the Illinois Experiment Station In breeding corn so that ears nlil come at a certain position on the stalk wtll Interest corn growers every where. Growers of corn on tho rich, bottom land's have complained for years that too much growth went to stalk, at the expense of the ear as well as of soil fertility. The Illinois Station shows that every farmer has it within his own hands to determine !he location of ars and reduce the height of the stalk. The way to go at It Is merely selectiongoing through the fields now and selecting, as foundation stock, seed ears growing at easy husking distance from the ground, and then repeating the process each year until the habit becomes fired. We walked through a 200-a ere field of fine corn with the owner n few days ago. T2ie corn had had a marvelous growth, but, as the owner re maiked: "You would have to roll it down before you could husk it." The ears were out of all proportion to the growth of stalk, and what a waste of soil fertility In producing these mammoth stalks! Select the low-down, heavy stalk, well-rooted and with a good ear set within easy reaching distance. A stalk of that kind will re stet wind, it ripens earlier and it will produce a good size ear of corn.

WIDOW AND 0SIHAN MOTOtlTEES. THEIR HOME. AND HEN SEEKING BODIES IN THE V7P.ECHED KONQNGAH. W. VA., MIKS.

teilt mK04$$9mmm9m N'ML .Xn&t&täM w f-'Valgfeto n unFEm

At top, at loft, typical miner's house at Monongah, W. Va. ; at right, rescuers penetrating the mouth of mine No. ;. in which explosion Is believed to have

WORLD'S BIGGEST BUILDING.

The biggest building In the world, twenty-four stories high, with fifty seres of floor sjace, Is to lw erected in Tacoma, Wash. It will be built over two streets, leaving tunnels for th? thoroughfares and will face a third street Uuiit Into a bluff it will have fourteen stories below ground at one end, with a ground level entrance at the other. From the main structure. 200 by 400 feet, a viaduct lUX) feet long will extend from the bluff to the waters of Puget Spund, giving a complete length of 1,000 feet From the viaduct piers machinery will unload the largest ocean going steamers In one-third the time it eau be done in any port In the world. Movable belts will convey the freight to the building. Into great wholesale houses and cold storage plants which will occupy the first fourteen llixirs. Freight cars will enter on the first floor TBEASUBE TROVE JU INTjIA. Thousand of Ancient Coin Found In a Village of Bombay. The small village of Jogaltembhl, In the IJombay district, Is likely to earn transient fame among numismatics and archaeologists by reason of the accidental discovery within its limits of a great hoard of very ancient coins. The place of concealment of the coins was found by children while at play. Excavation disclosed an earthen pot firmly embedded In the hillside and filled to overflowing with silver coins, much of which the villagers proceeded In the true commercial spirit to melt down. But the story of the find spread further than the limits of Jogaltembhl and within a short time the balance of the treasure, about 10,000 coins, had rightly found a resting place In the local treasury under the treasure trove act. The coins are all silver, of approximately the same size ami type. On the obverse nipears the head of the king who struck them a fine face, despite the defects of the d!e, marked bj' a broad eye, a splendid aquiline nose and a firm chin, with Just a suspicion of thickness about the lips. Around the head runs a legend in debased (ireek characters, which Professor It:ipson, but lately appointed to the vacant chair of Sanskrit at Cambridge, and the late Pandit Ilhagwanlal IndraJI declare to be a transliteration of a bilingual legend on the reverse of the coin. The coins are those of Xahapana, the founder of the dynasty of the western Kshatrapas, which ruled over a considerable iKrtion of western India from A. IX 110 to A. D. S$S. Although several specimens of the coins struck by Nahapana's successors (for example, Chastana and Itudradaman) have been found, only a few of Xahapana have hitherto come to light at Naslk, Junagadh and Mahumdabad and those were by no means such good specimens as these of Jogaltembhl, which, safely preserved within their earthen casket, hate defied the adverse influence of nigh eighteen centuries. Times of India. An Knlsiun In Stone. So many things may 1h said of St. Gaudeus of the traits of his genius, his modesty, his deep sympathy with all who possessed high ideals or who had noble thoughts; of his own noble generosity, his willingness to sacrifice himself for the advancement of art, his keen perception of beautiful character, or of a fine Impulse that often shone for him out of the most commonplace of lives or of features. One Incident of. many, says Unper's Weekly, may not only illustrate him, but help to Illumine a inasterp-'ece of his which has perplexed soie minds that may be worth the enlightening. "Tho work is the figure of 'Nirvana' in the Hock Creek cemetery at Washington. St. Gaudens was in Washington la the winter of 1902, making his beautiful relief of Wayne MacVeagh and

bte:i started by electric spark from runaway coal car; below, at left, typical sroup of miners' widows and their children.

and be conveyed up six stories on great elevators to be loaded or unloaded. The lower stories will also be equipped with iower for manufacturing plants. The uprer ten stories will be used for offices on the water front end, with a great hotel on the other. Space will be reserved in the structure for a union railway and marine depot for passengers. The structure wil cost .$G,O00,0u0. A corjriUion Las been organized to lmlld It and to tunnel the city for the purpose of trans-fcrring the passenger and freight business on all railroads to the big building. The construction will be steel and brick and the structure will be called the Imperial lUiildlng. It is in the heart of the city, one block fron, the City Hall and In no other place In the world could such a combination for marine and freight terminals, together with reta.M and wholesale business locations, be found. Mrs. MaeVeaga, and Hildegarde Hawthorne was there, too, and visited more than once that dreaming figure in the cemetery. At last she was moved to write some verses, which sli9 sent to a magazine, but the editor thought that he had seen verses on the sculptor's work that better expressed its sentiments, and returned the verses with the stimulating suggestion that some day he would show the young woman some real poetry about the figure. St Gaudens, too, had seen both poems, and when he heard of this expression of the editor's he wrote to him and said that Illldegarde Hawthorne had divined his Intention as no writer had done, and therefore the verses are In print. So, if you like, you may solve the riddle by reading them." Why Cabbr Smiled. "When I was In Pari J," said the girl who has Just got home, "I took a French lesson every day. It was my custom to write It down on one side of a card and uy address on the other, the address very plr.In so that the cabby could read It and take me home If I happened to get lost. "One day I handed a cabby the card with the address on It He looked at me in a puzzled way, then smiled sweetly. I took the card and looked at It I had handed It to him with my daily lesson on the top side. The lesson was, I am pleased to meet you,' written In French." Exchange. A la China. Mamma Come now, son, and take your medicine like a good little boy. You know In China all the children fake medicine when well to keep them from being sick. Little Itoy And do they whip th children In China when they are good to keep them from being naughty? St Louis Republic. Alphabetical. The kindergarten children are struggling with the nlphalK't "Who can tell what comes after G?" asks the teacher. Silence reigns. Again 'she questions, "Doesn't any one know what comes after G?" Then Carleton raises his hand. 'I do," lie says. "Whiz. Gee whis." Woman's Home Companion. SettliiK Himself Illxht. "Here Is the man, your honor, who was caught stealing the hog." "Caught in the act?" "Yes, sir." "Jeilge," said the priiwner, "dat man is lyiti' to you. It wus in de fence corner whar he kotched me!" Atlanta Constitution. Promptly Fornl.ihln? an Example. Miss Hoik? What fools some young men make, of themselves when they are iu love! Mr. Spoonamore They do, indeed. Dora, will you marry me?

the Aatlvc of loelnnil. Iceland is, as Williaa Monis said "the Greece cf the North." It produce! in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries a literature unparalleled afiei Home' before the golden age of England and France, in character drawing, in passionate dramatic power. In severe noble simplicity, la grim humor. AD the characters of the Sagas live and move to-day. Every uill and headland and valley in the island is full of their presence. Tho Icelander of , to-daj knows them by heart. It Is as if everj Englishman, from pauper to king, knew Shakespeare's historical plays and could retell them more or less in hi or her o.vn words. It has kept the national times alive through evil tines It has preserved the language almosl untouched by time and foreign Inter course. Nowhere Is the contrast betweer man and his surroundings so glaring afe Iu Iceland Hurled i In snow Id darknes, deprived of every comfort living on rancid butter and fried fish drinking sour whey and mulk, dressed like his servant, seeking in a little boal his food, yet a cultured mind, iossensing an intimate knowledge not only of the history of his own country but of Greece and Home; a poet fond ol throwing oil satires, Intellectually and morally the equal of his European guest, considering himself your equal and refusing to be ordered about by a rich Englishman, owner of several square miles of land and hundreds ol sheep, with a petgree going farther back than that of his visitor; a jack of all trade, a blacksmith In his smithy, boat builder and carpenter, an artist in filigree work, a carver in wood, he has universal education up tc the degree to which It Is useful for a man. There are no schools In Iceland, yel every child at 12 can read, according to the parish statistics. In no country in Europe are so many books printed and sold In proportion to the population. A population of only 7G.O0O, scattered In many hamlets, has twelve printing presses, the earliest being established as far back na 1530; about 100 hooks annually, fourteen newspapers and eight periodicals are produced to satisfy the literary needs of this little nation. Yet this literary people still live In a pastoral and Homeric civilization, which is a modern lesson of the healthfulness of human life lived In close contact with the free, wild life of nature, such as would have delighted the heart of Iiosseau or Thoreau. As a proof that this life is healthy, I give the example of a clergyman who died four years ago 113 years old, having managed to live all his days healthy and happy on $150 a year, the average stipend In the Icelandic church. The sheep yield food and clothing. Their wool is pulled off la the spring, carded, spun, woven in hand looms, and worn uudyed. You make shoes of their skin and spoons of their horns. National Geographic Magazine. Ticker Talk of Thomas W. Lamoi. "Anyone can make money in Wal! streetby driving a truck." "Almost any good mathematical system can beat the ticker to a standstill before 10 and after 3." "Every yard of tape costs the public thousands of dollars, but think how white It is, and how neatly the lettering Is done." "When you gamble in stocks it Is ycu against the world, one mind against millions." ' "The letters and figures used In the language of the tape are very few, yet they spell hell in 09 million differ-; ent ways." "The stock exchange closes each day at 3 to give the public time to go home and get more chips for the next day's game; otherwise It would never close." "Tickery. tickery. tock; The lambs ran after stock. The stock It turned, and the lambs got burned. And now they're all In hock." "Wall street advice is easy to swallow: It Is intended to be." "Wall street men who give advice are the ones who formerly took It. When it got through with them there was nothing left to do but advise." Success Magazine. Ills t'oucentlon of a Juke. "I fooled a banker friend of mine to-day." 'How was that?" "Why, I went up to hlra and said, 'Can I draw out $50? 'Certainly, he replied. Then I had my laugh." "IUit I don't see any joke about th?t." "Don't you? Why, I hadn't any money In the bank." Cleveland Plain lH?aler. Too IlrlRht. "Didn't you win anything In your suit for damages?" "No." "Why didn't you engage a lawyer to take your part?" "I did, but he took my all."delphia Press. bright Phllalle Went. The Hungry Guest Jeames, what time Is dinner? Th Candid Butler I 'as my horders, sir, which Is to serve hup as soon as ever you go, sir. London Express. How nice a woman looks In a new '.mt to thr tTinn who does not- h.nvn to I pay for It!

SOLDIERS AT HOME.

THEY TELL SOME INTERESTING ANECDOTES OF THE WAR. flotT the nor of Doth Armle Whlled Awn y I.tfe In Camp Foraging Experience, TIroaoine Marches Thrilllncr Scenes on Battlefield. "Roosevelt's men will be nt their best," said the Colonel, "when they have their horses trained .to all the maneuvers and antics they have In mind. There are fellows among, the rough riders who can take a run and jump at a horse and alight standing on his rump. If the men average as they did In the old army the really good riders will have lots of fun with the men who, while good fighters on foot are awkward riders. They will have lots of fun, anyhow, because I expect to see then become the greatest raiders in history. They are built that way, and will receive a good deal of encourage ment from Wheeler and Wilson." "The fellows In the old Union army who had the most fun with horses," said an old cavalryman, "were those in regiments of mounted infantry. When they were first mounted they were expected to ride only to a place and do their fighting on foot The men were not horsemen and no special effort was made to Instruct them in cavalry tactics. In distributing horses a little, short-legged German secured the largest horse in the drove. He selected a horse for its size, thinking very little of his own convenience in the matter, and It was amusing to see Jake fluttering about his horse. That horse was the best fed in the regiment, for Jake was a good forager and he was constantly thinking of his horse wherever he was. One morning the boys were ordered to bring their horses out and get ready for a march. Jake was troubled when all were ordered to dismount for Instructions as to how the fight was to bo carried on on foot. He was more troubled when the order 'Prepare to mount was given. "Now If Jake had stood on a chair he could not have reached the stirrup with his foot He was equal to the emergency, however, and, running back a few steps, picked up a board, placed one end on the ground and the other on the horse, and crawled up the Inclined plane. This performance was greeted with a roar, of cheers and laughs. But Jake was In his seat as soon as many others who had skittish horses. 'What do you mean, sir,' questioned the officer, 'by that kind of a performance?' 'Vel, you say "Prepare to mount," und I makes mine preparations. I can no step upstairs on mine horse mit one step.' After consultation Jake was not interfered with, although his appearance on the tall horse caused such merriment as made the march seem like a frolic. "Jake could tear up as much railroad and do as much hard work as any other man, and when it came to fighting on foot he could fire as many shots. When there was a skirmish and the time came for mounting his horse two men assisted Jake to mount, and he was generally away with the rest, but on one occasion he dropped his gun, as the astonishing gallop of the old horse demanded his full attention, and the men, seeing the little fellow go off with a tumble, thought he had been shot by the pursuing enemy. A little later they saw Jake running along, leading his big horse, and the rebels firing at him. It was no time tor delay and Jake was given up for lost. But . Uttle later up came the big horse at a furious gallop, Jake hanging on to his neck. The men cheered and laughed, stopped the horse, and assisted Jake Into the saddle. Once In his seat, Jake said, 'Ven dere vas no time to make mine preparations to mount It was unconvenlent a little, but mine big horse vas a goer, and that vas mighty convenient for me when I vas been chased by the Johnnies. So ochskuse me If I not trade mine big horse. ' "We had another man in the company who was called for short 'Old Beeze,' who had In his younger days served one or two terms in the Prussian cavalry. He selected a powerful horse and began training him according to the Prussian methods. The boys thought at the time the old man's Judgment of horseflesh was defective, but 'Old Beeze' said, 'A leedtle horse is goodt, but a beeg horse Is better as goodt.' Being of a morose and unsociable nature, he messed and bunked alone, asking and granting no favors, but keeping up his Prussian standard as to neatness and discipline. No matter what the emergency, his household goods must be carefully- and properly loaded behind him on what the boys called his camel. On one occasion, when the Confederates were reported moving upon the camp, the regiment promptly formed, fully equipped for action, In obedience to the call, 'Boots anil saddles 1 " 'Old Beeze was absent from the company and the sergeant, cn going to his . tent, found him sitting before a small glass, calmly and leisurely shaving himself. The .sergeant burst out with "Why In thunder don't you saddle up your " Infernal old camel and join the company?' To this the Imperturbable Prussian replied, 'Blease you say to the captain, so quick as I have shaved mlneself and have a clean shirts on mine pack, I vlll go on the company.' No threats could Induce him to postpone the finishing touches to his toilet, and, as there was no time to fool with him, he was left behind. About two hours afterward 'Old Beeze' joined the company In line, cleanly shaved, neatly shlrted, his boots well polished, and to the very last he remained the same neat but unserviceable man that he was when he first canie Into the company." Chicago Inter Ocean. Quick Wit In War. Much of the success of Colonel Mosby and his partisan rangers In the Shenandoah valley was due to their dash and bravery. t One night, while scouting with four or five of his men on the Winchester pike, he saw a squad of cavalry approaching from the direction of town. It was the Federal patrol on Its rounds, and Mosby and his men were between them and their camp. When they got within hall they stopped and Inquired of the Confoderates who they were. ; "Friends, with the countersign," re plied Colonel Mosby, with his best imitation Yankee twang. "One of you advance, then, and give the countersign," was the response. "No," said tho colonel sharply, "you are coming from the direction of the enemy. One of you advance." As this was an entirely correct proposition, one of them rode forward. When tie came up the colonel said to him in

a low but tenlbly distinct voice as he leveled his revolver at him : "Give the alarm and you are a dead man ! I am Mosby. Call to the others that It Is all right and to come on." The prisoner did so, and five more of Uncle Sam's gallant defenders marched confidently up to the muzles of as manj revolvers and quietly surrendered.

Jost Before the War. John Sherman was never In the army, but had he entered the service he would undoubtedly have shown as much bravery a3 did his famous brother, the general. He was never afraid of danger. During his first days In Congress he went out to Kansas to take testimony In the Congressional Investigation of the Kansas-Nebraska troubles. The Western frontier was then fiTed with ruffians. Assassinations were frequent and Congressman Sherman was again and again threatened with death. He told me once that tha committee often found warnings, tho paper alve which was ornamented with coffins and pictures of skulls and cross-bones. Now and then the witnesses swore vociferously at the Congressman, and nearly every other man had a revolver la his belt When Sherman returned to Washington he had a chance to show his nerve. One of the Southern members remarked one day, while Sherman was speaking, that one of Sherman's statements was a lie. Sherman did not hear the remark, but it was reported to him, and the next day he arcse to a question of prl llogo. stating that Wright was probably drunk and did not know what ha was saying. As he did this, Wright looked up at him rather Insolently and Sherman picked np a box of wafers and threw It into Wright's face. Wright tried to draw his pistol to shoot Sherman, but the members of Congress about him prevented him from doing so. Everyone expected a duel as the outcome of this trouble, and Sherman was called upon by one of the Southern members and asked what he would do If he were challenged. He replied that he was not a duelist, but that If Wright attacked him, he should beware of the consequences. The secretary of state is a good shot, and be once said that he never felt cooler in his life than when he ("walked up to the capltol the next morning, with a pistol in his pocket and his hand on the trigger. He had made up his mind thnt If Wright approached him that day In a manner to Justify It, he would shoot him dead. He did not see Wright until he left the capitol that evening. ;As we went down the steps to go home, Wright came out and passed down the opposite side. Sherman had a friend, with him, and ' Wright was likewise accompanied by a friend. Sherman kept his hand on his pistol and hU eye on Wright as he walked down the steps. Wright saw that Sherman meant business, and he walked on without doing anything. He served for some time In Congress, but he never again callel Sherman a liar. Sherman's action as regards Wright was according to the same policy pursued by many of tho Northern Congressmen Just before the war. Sectional feeling was so keen that duels were talked of most every day, and the man who could be bulldozed had no peace whatever. Some of the Southern fireeaters poomed to take pleasure in trying to Intimidate their fellows, and among these was Bob Toombs, of Georgia. Toombs found his match, however, In Ben Wade. The late Edwin Cowl es, editor of the Cleveland Leader, and a great friend of Wade, told me the story. Said he: "Ben Wade once took occasion to abuse Toombs In a speech. Toomba sent one of his friends to Wade, with a view to arranging for a duel. The friend said: 'I am requested to say, Senator Wade, that Senator Toombs considers the language you used to-day a gross insult to him. He demands that you make a retraction or abide by the consequences. 1 "Ben Wade looked the messenger la the eye and then coolly replied: "My dear sir, I want, Toombs to challenge me. We Northerners have held a consultation about the bullylns action of iyou Southerners. We have decided to kill ott four or five of you, and I have picked out old Toombs as my man. You may tell Toombs to send In his challenge. I shall, of course, have the choice of weapons, and me If I don't take my old rifle and lay Toombs out the first crack.' "Gen. Toombs was not used to th3 rifle, although he was an expert with the. pistol and the challenge was not sent" Worth Reatlnx. There are two authentic cases of par rots who lived over 100 years. Mrs. A. E. Scott of Florida, Mon roe County, Mo., was the nurse of Mark Twain, who was born In that town, Mrs. Scott is still active In body and mind, although 87 years old. One of the most beautiful and ae complished girls of Quitman, Gjl, Miss Buby Tilly, has been appointed a mis sionary to Korea by the Methodists, and Is now on her way to her post Many French vineyards are likely tc be turned Into rose gardens. The perfume factories pay $000 per kilogramme for pure essence of roses, and the de mand is greater than the supply. , William E. Curtis says the Dow ager Empress of China has honored Sil Liang Cheng-tung for bringing the newt that the United States would waive its claim for the $24,000,000 Boxer indemnity. The production of oleomargarine It the year ended June 30 rose to G3,0SS,850 pounds, an increase of 15,S42,1U1 iwunds over 1900. The government do rived an income of $SS7,C41 from iU tax on the article, , The library at the British Museum, which now contains between Ö.OOO.OOG and 4,000,000 volumes, Is without exception the largest In the world, the only one which approaches it In s'.ze being the Bibllotheque Nationale, Paris; and it Is Interesting to note that for the accommodation of this Immense, number of books upwards of forty-three miles of shelves are required. The steam turbine, such as are in stalled on the Lusitaula and some ot'v er of the uewest of the great ocean lin ers, Is most efiicient when operated at very high speeds, while, ou the other hand, the ship's propeller is most efiiclent when operated at moderate speeds. In order to overcome this lack of harmony between the two parts ol the mechanical equipment of the mod ern steamship, it is now prooosed by an English firm that the turbine should not be coupled directly to tha propelW shaft, as Is done, but should drive highspeed electrical generators and supp j current to electrical motors for driving the propellers. It is believed that a speed of thirty knots per hour wlM then be practicable.

22

PRESIDENT EOOSEVELT IS COMailTTED TO PEOTECTIOH. Deprecates Hasty Eevision and Advocates Minimum TarifE that Shall Be Adequately Protective. On the subject of tariff revision the President In Lis annual message of December 3 recognizes unqualifiedly the fact that protection bis been installed as the permanent policy of the United States. Moreover, he records his full acceptance of the proposition that there must always be In such an economic system a stable minimum tariff adequate alike for the purposes of revenue and for the protection of American labor and industry against the unfair competition of lower foreign payrolls. Protectionists will welcome this plain declaration regarding two points of cardinal consequence first tbe permanency of protection as a national policy, and second, the maintenance of a fixed minimum tarifi that shall at all times be adequately protective and only subject to change by legislative action. Carried to a logical end necessary conclusion this would completely negative the maximum and minimum tariff plan of the advocates of reciprocity in competing products. It requires instead a minimum and a maximum tariff, if we are to go into dual tariffs for trading purposes. The minimum shall, as in the case of Germany and France, provide adequate protection, while the maximum, again as in the case of Germany and France, shall operate as a penalty and a discrimination against the exports of countries refusing to grant their most favored tariff rates to exiorts from the United States. This Is sound protectionist doctrine. It Is also sound economically and commercially. The President says: "ThU country is definitely committed to the protective system and any t'llort to uproot" it could not but cause widespread industrial disaster. In other words, the principle of the present tariff law could not with wisdom be chang 3L But in a country of such phenomenal growth as ours it Is probably well that every dozen years or ho the tari.T laws should be carefrJJy scrutinized so as to see that no excessive or improper benefits are conferred thereby, that proper revenue is provided and that our foreign trade is encouraged. There must always be as a minimum a tariff which will not only allow for the collection of on ample revenue, but -which will at least make good the difference in cost of production here and abroad; that is, the difference in tbe labor cost here and abroad, for the well being of the wagewor?r must 'ever be a cardinal point .of American policy. The question should be civ jToached purely from a business standpoint; both th time and the manner nf tbe change being such as to arouse the minimum of agitation and disturbance In the business world, and to give the least play for selfish and factional motives. The sole consideration should be to see that the sum total of changes represents the public good. This means that the subject cannot with wisdom be dealt with In the year preceding a presidential election, because as a matter of fact experience has conclusively shown that at such a time it Is impossible to get men to treat It from tbe standpoint of the public good. In my Judgment the wise time to deal with the matter Is immediately after such election." As to the proper time for tarlll revision that is and must remain a matter of individual Judgment 'Most certain of all things is the fact that the present would be the worst possible time for tariff disturbance. Too much has already been done along that line. How to undo the mischief already done, and not how to do more, should be the study of the day. American Economist For the Farmer' Jleneflt. Those who are crying out against the tariff laws and' say that the farmers are not getting the benefits of protection, should look over the records of the past, and Bee If there ever was a period when the farmer in this country got 60 much for his produce as within the past ten years. With 7,000 millions of produce to the credit of agriculture thi3 year, it Is a good time for those who dig wealth from the ground to look closely into the matter and see what part the protective policy of tho Republican party has taken in securing remunerative prices. In the Interest of his own financial prosperity let the farmer lay aside any consideration of the partisan view, and do a little figuring on the problem of the conditions changed, so that his products would be seeking a market in foreign countries to feed the poorly paid working men there. Instead of at home to better paid and better fed and clothed workingmen. Mulhall (Okla.) Enterprise. Merelr Postponed. The fact that the annual message to Congress embodies no recommendation either for such a modification of customs administration as would give a 10 per c?nt leeway for undervaluation without penalties or for a "comprehensive commercial treaty" that is, a treaty embodying tariff reductions on competitive products of all kinds doe not indicate a policy of non-action on the part of the President By the terms of the German tariff trade agreement " the President Is obliged to urge upon Congress both of these recommendations. Failure to do so would violate the compact The matter Is only postponed temporarily. It vill come up later In the form of special messages. A to the AVaffe Earner. If, as the President asserts, the "well-being of the wage-earner must ever be a cardinal point of American policy" which nobody can deny it necessarily follows that the wage-earner ought not to be kept In the dark as to a tariff reduction that will necessitate wage reduction. Tariff reduction after election will hurt the wage-earner Just as bad'.y as before election. It will hurt Industry, trade and business Just as badly. Then why Is after election a "wise time?" It would seem that Just before election would be a wisher time for tariff tinkering, for then the wage-earner could determine who were his friends and who were not and vote accordingly. The people are ready to let the Democrats reform the tariff, says the Peerless One. We don't believe anything of the sort The Democratic party Is opposed to protection. For years and years its leaders have denounced protection as robbery, while this same principle has more than ence demonstrated Its effectiveness In bringing general prosperity to the country. The Ieople know this and they are not ready to abandon so beneficent a system. Columbus (Ind.) Republican.