Political Beacon, Volume 4, Number 19, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County, 20 February 1841 — Page 1

THE FOMTICAJL BEACON PUBLISHED BY MILTOX GREGG.

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voujmi; iv.

ti:ums. I 0 lliii. 1 r in advance or within three looutln ,tl!iT the roiiimcn n.'nt of Ihr year, nr ! Poi.i.ahs an, I IVtv (its, within fix in nfis, an I I'iirik P,i i. aitor the inspiration of Uu- y.Mr, will he rnpiire.l fmra Goiintrv Su'.. ,.,-r, and those wlut rrrritethrir papers b iimi!. Two P.nt.MH ami I'ii -rv Ci r in aihancr. or ithni Mr,,. 111 tn til a ! I r vibvrihiiu, (in. I lunar l'i 1 ns a Tut the x i rn 1 1 . ti of tins Jf.ir, wiM he rrti -toil from Irnin mi!iv;;i(T. N i i'.- ri pu.ni taken for lrs i'mii s, ii.ontl.s-. A I i.iiire to n.itilV ,1 ilisritntiiiiiiini'O ;it tin end I tii- ti n- -.i.i-.'ri'ii'.l f.ir ill he rniiMilt-reil as a iiimi to. w ni seemni 1,1 inn o i c tno mam nues tioi, hefoti: ,!,: Senate, I liad said someti,;nj ahotit tlic eriduation and pre-emption lulls, an 1 their kindred suljects. I li ,d attemp'eil to rxamino some of the piovVnns of tlic hill of the Sen ttor from n uitli Giiohni. I had admilted the imp itt anee of the ipiestmn before us, and I lad uracil the jircat importance, and llte urgent necessity, of placing this whole tinner on the l,i"s of .1 judiciou-? camppon'so. Co ntnnciiy. tlieref re, at the

2.'.-.M.llt. I -".I". N IIM.'l.- I ll.o .,.;.l ..I- .1 1 I ... T. 1 !l,ltl itse f the er-,, t ;, Il I TO1 v.M...M .HI. HI ! . r."-c M c

Al!'..-t.. ,,!-i:.!,t,ir iih:m he iiom eai.l ,s 1 .1.000 ; 110 s,-J(? -1 . . ,- ' , I tided to il In IT. -i iter ,h 1 rst 1 1 ' " Icrs 01 ?r:ivc aiul solemn import, am I i " " ll' ' ulii;MI"E- e nave u.tjr T.ms or An Httsivi. ' Now, how , if , ,-s'V. d j ! ? , ''""I , ' ! , , , Ulilc",!"r to speak of it aJ i.S mpor-! We their re, . Tii,.,oh,,,sorK,,hr,.ei,,.-n,,),,s.o,,..,,,!Jh:,s,ee expended in ,, IV ow '' ''V Tho polhieal rclaliorsa of; .'.p'" , 'S "m"'"? '",,.cn,i"ot 'lave il : ..r ,.,.. .....itv-tn, c,,,u,or r,,,, ;, ,,tli,.,a. ,-!.,, ; , , , tVo fr" U? l'""! 7 l'' wU alarm-1 ; ,.,. 1t, was oldia "p t he 'l-e General Government wnh the State ! Z "j'S VI l n Tfe'v " "h nini. !..iui-r ad e, nt-inrii! in the same . x- , . . ' 11 ,r,,!s 1 11 " o t hose w 10 io t to "r a return tn 1 1 1 '. '.. . . n 1 . , 1,1 "ie , ro .i,-.i Jet us keep it, we can be prv.o,,.,,,. !"! Ino.Notthcm hatho.s nsvcr. Let the ! ,1;". iv, p ., ' r ,i r W'U'T'1 co,"t,tu,",n " ae adopted, in which I Governments, as well as the relation of j tn,ted our money will he s.Velv keet er 1 , j fnVn.l, of the Cumhe.land road, and ,he ! 1P pVld e 1 ,n ! !n! ' I o ?, '"'m i ,P.r"x!"i "" '" -tlU ' -V to each, are i-nvolvetl in the ar- laid ont.'as wc think proper; recollect it i. Mi:!.(ll or Mil. O. II. SlllTIt tl.oi,nP,vc,ncntf,f,ho navi..-,. J, , t t ' J.7 " 'T" i V 7'i V hc nvrm.on cv,l.;tly I.e.,,,: .o.ment. The assumption is, that the! all for yr ,m.o,1 that wc put ourselves to 01' IV In... ot Western mcrs answer Not , h, I ' " r ' ' r,! ,,r,r 5 '7 arc s.e'ly ec ed t, , I he :U sect.on of the fourth States would detr..v the General Govern-" trouble of taking care that vo be not 1 n,V m 1- of ties va w,s appror h ed i ! f ,'' Vr't ,,a,," ,Cr,sh ,!,C'" 1 " " !, n ' V h t " V ".V" T-- l' 'ct. "' e, the Confess d" the -P-- o.,ld a course like this comport In.r 11 am. 1... . .iH,iaifU to, jor Id the l:me come when our patri- a-nntted h the (. onress ,nto this Imon; United State- a-e called unoii to t.rotert ! wilh ,,,,r ,,ulJ- to the Let Senator. .ONfUPITM l.o jrou ,-ooria!toro:iH,,crcc. .Not a otism and devotion to our country Will bnt " ,,c,v S,;,U' formed or erected .V 1 l,r. 1 r tn ?. ' ' ! , . v!, approve of it adopt the course- it does

. .' . .mil fit in; iii;;iic rco 1)1 11,0 llltit liv flu. I 1 1 . . . . m ..-.. in-, 01 o.u is 01 stales, Willi- ' 1 ! notes wit 1 t he I. eti era vmwi f... i...

1 . 1. . . 1 . nis course of re111 he ., I il, I ex-vet. and I did hop lo S"i,,!or d'se'ps tiie tnerit? of the I'iop ' I W-1S anxio'H to hear his x.ews, f,,r jv.-y ,i n 1 J v milked with a stroiii V e.1 d, r u ot eo-rmon sense and prae. - o ,,; .ii-ument. and contented ; ... ' I t will, sa ;,i' tl, it t!ie iiieastin ;, .

p. in wi, ore m remit.ts were arrcs:eu, j .;s ,-,,, nr, .,, al! l:-irN. He j, vf-r I shall avoid lepetmon as trnnl, as.Von!J ruin hint to tiv t. on fur the P .U. I will l-roeeed to o,vc my view, ( imi W;IS M, vcrv ,oavv: ,l lt j", .,',,,, carry ,i,..u the ipte.-tii.il 01 d:s!r.but,o, in wl,:cli p.sseners; 'nnd. s", so..,, as i!,e fros'' it w,;i he my p i. Poe to show why ,t is in , W:,s .., ;l, ,. it W(Hlll l)C i,,,,,,, .nv 00 ,,,,. entitled to my support, and to j bio (or fr of ihe lest horses be could lnVr XU'T hnc t vcl more than two miles an hour V, ' 1 : : 'zy;, , l T"T 7 ",o;' i! : aml cvcw "ou swam,, i f ; 1 V I "r t!' S. ?1' nm ,ImVn tt UlC Place, nnd have j- t t ie other day. nn 1 I confess I was to be raised by rails or li ves. And vet r ,t,,er (lHi...eiH.-d m bis eonise of re-! . 1 1 - u

i'i;. i v ieiiitv its in-n ti ,".n ,to, it., m ,. ..,. i. i ! ii ,. ... in. ii in.- viu-i i oi me oiu ui ne entirely " - " i ijoverniiiciit Won ii slint isso vr

1i it- . I

s.K. (Mi- H.Mi!.,ni hi. !.;;i..,l it. V.w . .-. . . . '"' le tuny States tha t , ,l ' n,1(l 1 lln aece nance oi mem ny me ... ..;, ,v;,t,.,. t,,oi .1 1.. ! iu.be bv : for I trust tl.i. Pnrn,:,.,(.

r . , I', - SviVor from Atkans,; t!f Sen ,.!,;,., V,ed ' Sena-.' f i7it -r' ll-Tt ' b,",N ZZtL" w'llf public ; Confederation, under the dernls of cession, m(!re vperatio of;a thc j after will be bro,?ht within economical lim- . , IV an M:s,e,n mur.l-.ed i. a, ,vn as ' appp:ia,ion, had been 'v , " j tnl ."r Ml iort!," 1, di lui U a e 'of e' M. l" ' "il e'Xd t Zn r' 7 ,tw,,,.o.d. . ,,, tl,, S-nbu p,- in,rod.:ccd,o::1p,1T:i:,i,.!..an;,ooUat,hrro., , T?' ' '! I'1 " f'V : ?' " the eo.,1 ,i:; ,.f a new ; ) ! "!V- to ,ts So ; nIl of ,c Confederation; whiel, was ' 1 ? ' 0 f l,,C 'VfCS arC' lliCf ' ke 'of argument, that we' Z .;...., .:,,, ,s a c.,nst,:ent the .,:k a, ,e, 1 ,, on the (Julf of .Me.xi-; ;'r !" 1 ul!e to "'"'tu.d them ; , ul il? Can there bo anv pitied tnaclnnety of our system of Gov- have to lay impost duties to make up the .r-.f .d f ehn ,-al tinnier. Sever ,-o: ti:c sitne S,n,,.;s ti at voted roi.inst X"?. nr . . . , ! dot.bt upon his ,,, i If no then the ' cn,mc,,,'.w!';lt ' c a deficit of the land fund; those duties can bo Mid, V.. . sr. Well. Mr. I'lesi.be.t. I ,!,. ( nmbe. Ian' r,-. v,ed lor ,b- U, . ! " M" 1 -nr. ,s t.neonM.tutional. I .l. r,! ' . , , ,l,e system Ms vitality and its power. Lei laid nem, luxuries such as wines brandies! nii.l , eunstrme a UV,, nu-'-r m ev,,, at ,h:s ses-in, , i,n m UA, erLiwVo ,b 'f ' Ge lG ,vnn 7" P,Hili011 1" ,,,S0 t t. P"9 choose to' p,y HO rye o tl.c law. , no, essential Senator from Illinois. (.Air. Y uUii-O intro- " Tl.ir.ii. It ill "stimulate the States to Lent now are precis! v ,h s" of thn A ArC WC ,,ot ,,le l tho d.tlercnt 1 r 11't "V 1 Uc great abor,,,s class of socieinho cnoo-itioi, of a lo-nshter. We .!,., ,1 ..I.;!: . ...... ...... J ., -r ....-,... ., c " .... 1 1UU! "ose ol the Con- y,.,, P8, croatcJ bv their nower. and ,,, ty would pay very httle o( the duty, w l.ilo

M.nl. -ifct tne .piestions that ;nc pi'Mn :!ie fuin!, iliii,! r-r,,!, and proposed t' -ii.-d f.r mr con-deration w.tl, calmness let it r-i,nir. on the Jc-rs without refer-. nnl.Mii.enii..,,. 1,1,, no, say that the ! f.!ic. ,iu. Senator horn Ahhama (Mr. s 1 ,1 r fr .... ! .,,.; ,i:, ,,Ai ci .bceuc : 1 ' . 1 . 1 1 1 .1 ",,,r ,r",n M. ',,m ,I, nM !!,",M,.,-)i.b:rCtM, and wished the eon,m;i!ee f. s,r,,sn,n. I am mnrly reph ni,' to the ; t , n,ipii,c into the pioptiety of borrow, nj

1., u.i.-. 11 nr-.--ii.i.vi 11. "ii .ti.iiu- ::. , It so j, ;pp,"m that I dillVrcntifly witlij Senator from Aiknn is in tho as-!i,tnp-ton tha If his induL'ed in, that lli.?: P is t .i:, of ib.-tiibution is either killed , i-ni'dcii-tl. Sir, that iiiojiusition is not I I . riu .'. ; !. ! ,t Iveth; and let ne II Sen ib.rs w'. f.-n'.i ti.nt it is tie id, th it tliev will f:-, I ,t n it oti'v J-vini, but lint it is dest . i I i b cnrif 1 1,,. I ,w .f ,! 1 mil, and j t 1 i, too, Ik fire many more ss'iois nr o r 1 , il hive p ,ss, d byIt siiuii.il. I ItlV up ll 'itl. lutl ' since II iVl! bee, , the Il lie: b 11 that was introduced I. v. ,' r In. ni Kcntoekv. (Mr. Cliv.) h ,iis-ed Congress d llitig tlf adtl , f ( t' Iter.d Jiik-i'l. bid be. ! , , it w-iul 1 I. io In 1, 1 on s; lm 1-00; for the wholo Union. 1 .-.n i e.u! tor toy Slate. And I as- .. .. !. while t,i ih ol th" .dii i fits ' I 't ii ii t ! .1 11 k-.,,, st.'.l s;,., line, I ban. il w is f ,r olie-r o a- . s th in b 1 ppi's t op t . ti, : ,1 -!r hut,.. 11 bill. Tif im hf as Kr-- is ioi a bet, ire us, nnd I shall g o it 111 i. r' s.oport: nnd. led I k- I11V Ito lid i'- n Atk ;ns is, I shall nut ' n nt ni-. Il 1 a 11. 1 p' ' xprrs'i!) ,,( op nnai. I ,!,- t ;.y S:ate to ser li,e dxinct "lonnds ! ti.v sipitHirt; for I line no si-niitn' M t 1 '1'iee.il 011 , I'.re.ti mi ties or anv 0110 r ttf asure. i .i- .i t l .l-t I support the bill because it j ti-" only c.i'npn.m so measure uponwbi. b ti i ( an n.n'e, and w!e b, wuh f.nip' r pro--ioi.s. ,11 do ample j.s,,co ,u hoto ,!, oh! vi I the If w Stat- s. Tlf int-rt of tlf ii- w Sntci will If amply ptol cu .1. and lif r gl.M of the "Id States will If M 1 tit aoo d o, the ilstl bu, ion of the fund. The ,! ll'e ulti. s .p..KMi of by the Senator fioto So , th Cirobm. as arising from the present vj,rtn, will be partially obviated, and the weoo of discontent between the if v Sti'r j and the old, growing "ut "I the n,bcct, will be forever buslf d. In Mead of making the I . 1 1 expire by its own lon.tiition in a few years, I would make it a part of tlf permanent lind te?n Secondlv. I suppor, it as a Western lif asure vr, sir, as a Western measure, nnd especially as a measure called for by the best interest of mv H'Mo. JJo mi,s, have been bbnd to the jadminis't u"fiTtf si rtu'ilir. alT.iirs for the lift few tears: wlui b Dot pcen thc tcnd'Jy of the Govern. . r 1.

involve in it the whole Winklni 5

" nV T"C' 'I' ,ilc.Uc!H,as given ll.o Government appro-i-iiTr ,T vl'hvK- 1 Western Sector. I cannot ,.ai Senator Iron, I ennossec. ( Mr n rrim 1 ' .' e .t !... n . , .1 V . ltlM,'b) cither of these propositions; and ct mo , ; ; ,,CS!":IU,!C not bo misunderstood: there is no one ; on , s p,,,,,, w , ,,c.a. s,s,adio. here wllf U(Mll(l furlhcr to pusai, 1C I he noble stand he took, nn.l the mdo- n;ltlo;i in :iM nece.-arv appropriations for prn-lcnce w,., which ho a,!;i,,cea hi. .hes-? objects; b,t let th.lV.mU ice s an views, command my nnou.al iir , npproba- r..r L i... ........

the ht three vrar tl.n t,.! Ide of expomlimn-s will show ,nt ,V ex - ponses of ,,o Admlnistr ttiot, J -e liorn oi.s'tmtio:, i:t t,c lmiiMtion, and the eouseipicnt high tariff of toll.s at tho falls, still rennuis. Thc Cumhcrl md road that pre?.t Western measure, t'te construction of w hicli was rommer.ceti under the au--p:ees of Mr. Jefferson, and continued 1 . lliioncf.i 1,10 subsequent Administrations to iho piesent has been sulfered to sink into a state of dilapidation, decay, and ruin. I talked the other day wit!, a "contractor for carrying the mail in my Slate on this road. .mil lie tnl I mo lie would have to abandon . . - I mil imu; h'ir..l:ed i:i!il ons of d .i'u,.-, j til0 piS, three yeais. not one .iol,ir . ould all the entreaties and :!r-i,inei,H we could use obtain. I siw the ton.!, i..-,- ..r . t,.. ...... mi. o'ii o, your exooiii ioi.i r tr;m s tint 1, ,0 I. ft , in ,,f present cm- ........ i, .i.i l AI.IIM. I ll III III. :ut ci,.-. ,:.,. Afi-r evetv .,r..,., t ,!,.., ! I....... i i .... ii . ... I , ,' !III(l-. ,...!.. I ...1 .... ' - . .1.,!...' ' . Il" O to I'll. Unci,..,, 1 If'rN' r i I -I ii) i. . .1 I.. I I .. I s- i . " " ' v I I 'I' I lit i II v 1 1 money r uns ro-n : am vet 1 am .u-.-ii mist .ken if the same S nator did not vo-e lr the Pons ico! 1 appropi iatimi when the t iovci ptnei;, was b. 11 low ; nj money, ilii'"it ever iutt:n that ,p,ost;o:, to himself. introduce this, lie iots, ichtortlie our- ..-,. i . .i '. 11, us to snow t!. ten- , , ... ; oocl.ines. and the pro-; ., of ptondm.. for conpi se ol complaining. deticy o m "ii til pnety. on our ai 1 '1 neit ; not that 1 have any deposition g o up our rivers, tin: umiif .-, land load, or (lie lake I. a, bins. I .irliomit. I expect to I, ;JV ihein I, pun the CollSldf ialion ol Congress s . buig as an, I,n, Hired with a seat in ties body. I hope, however, 1 to see ,!,e Cumbeilind road piovided fur' in the f.inl aiju.-,m' i:t of the 1 md ,p, sI .,.. :,t tin- ni x, sessiui, of ('ourji'ss, li wis origin. illy conned?. it, if; ;,ud I shall cuiinild I'.r the i 1 , 1 1 i , 1 ' : a n c c of the ciiiim xii ii. iy the di.-tribiilio,,, at Ii a piut;i.i, of lie.-inonoy t!iat is drawn fioiu us be n turned tin-tir people aiinti-illv. Tb" o if' ing influence iftli'se annua! it linns ,il If I. ;, ni 1 v, ay p ntofii,, I linn,, but m ic f peci..!iv in t!:-; West: vb b is. bv tho mo.h rn lioetiines b.t. rut oil" fi, it,, a p iiticiiiaiioii u, :p I'Si benefits, of a Nasi. .n, Treas-ii v. so far;. !iied appfopiiatiot.s ni,: con tint d. I I e ,n peaK lor mv ow iat. I know that . . . . i. .. .. In , share ol the d ,i ibutioi, will be most : a,,:.,. tabic to ,er, i in nmst.me, ,1 as she ! is; am', as. t is In r rigid. I feel il to be . . 1 my ,l.y. as he, ,ep, , ..., i; , m.. , tho incisure by my ,( as will as!. my vote. At the ,.,o!,f tit the S nator , from K. ntu, ky introduced bis amnidme I tlie Senator horn .Mis(.,j (Mr. I.ii.n) in-' omateii an intention ol mo in" an amend- ' ii.' in oiiiie proposiimti ol distribution, to appropi iate the land funds , the navy and national defences exclusive Iv. suppose be mei.nt the defences of the Western fiontier, as that subject lies near his boa, t. rt r ilr 1 hli limn l.u ,...i . I . ' . , ,' r 11 -0"lio, sir; ,lf Chine national ., ,s The Senator from South Carol,,., (Mr. Calhoun.) cat, bit.L' at the psoposii 1(,n, but under I stand lig it to If coiihncii lo the ,:llv j alone, took the occasion to ibank the Senalor from Missout, lor bis In ("i.animitv ' Ulid M'.ke ill Strains l.r eulogy and l.i,,,, - I . . . is comm.-J-lation of tho troj'.ct. Tl us is bl carf ing out the olicy which I have 1

Olio j;'". ?H MM :.. t-... I .' nsi'V, 'i I'"" " M-iiii-t ."in mi'u I iw,itl, nrccnla :.! I M!.ir. in - the i-.,-',fs !,., 1 .ci

-o ,.m I . i irni, i-. . . . ... : ...1. r.T.l-.l ' ----

v - ... n n it .him .1 1 1 , 1 1 1 1 i i ii'"'i'il'l,.lil ' t"'1 m . Hue j i 1 1 1 u i 1 1 ' 1 1 ; 1 r.'l 1 1 n ;1 ,P run I ,n I... ti t - k ' - I I, .t 1 .1 I ; . . .

nWW ,dr.t Gtte. t

rAviu;xcEnijiu,ir. (Ia.) Saturday, February 20, isn.

... ..1 . . .' V , , , ! r ' , ' . , . ' r "r I 1 r.C 1 . rV! , "S "f V " - . tv 1.- tiu.-'iii.tit II I I 1 1 i IIS 1 1 V noil.. 11 1 inn iii o sea, mov have in 1 .. t 1 . 1 .. .1 I the jiast a sullieient guarantee for the future. Tnirdh, I sti-lain the proposition," because a eonii'romi-c founded nn. ?i ...;u

not unsettle the land system, but preT-rvp it ! ''l01'.-'1"?; the United States; and noiit an improved form, while all the iRilVreiit ; ,n this constitution shall he so coninterests represented can harmonize. ' tin i 'm1 as to prejudice any claims of the the other hand, the eileet of the bill of the j United States, or of any particular State."

v......... i.w.K .-ooiii , ui-ouna win tie to . settle the land system, create the relation of debtor and creditor between the General Government and the States, and produce eotilliets nrbini; out of our Indian relations. The distribution bill will alo far to eijiiaib'e the States who have received nub. lie lands for various nui nosrs 'I'l,. v, from Miclu'can, (Mr. Nonvn.,.,) ,aS repeat - edly introduced , his subject, claiming upon equitable principles that the other new State should be brought no to the st mil ir.l . ., , . . . ' u" - in"arit or Ohio, that lias feci ived more of t ,e pubI; ,.. i . ,,,., .,,. . ,., . ,', . If l.iiels than any oilier new Slate. This bill w ii! aeeupiish that object, if it does not exceed it. per' cent, on the I ill. m r I l-J Mi.-hir.in would be over 2..")ii(i.00,,, while th' 1 -' P'r t on the -J.tMHVtH'O of acies unsitlil in iii.. i;o:'l lieonlv y."ttMMMI nm .' - " -.v.... . . ' 1 1". I w . i . . t i . . ; i'ii - -ill i mm ,m ti.uiu, 'tieu. ami leave the. General Gov, rum, ut 1 ,",,V!,,1 , t . , , I I -ntldv . U wdl corrupt tl,? state-, and , produce proiu-alitv anions their citizens. ' , 1 , j;, - , . nrr(,cs;lrv hval,J lr;u.till.: '. vr,,.r,U of the public UmU ' 1 1 iron, the iener.il rcienue, to lay a.hUl.onai iinp -ts to meet the diii'-it. These, I bi li, ,-, e.u.iprNe the principal ,bi,cti;,s. I have st.ied them fairl, and I intend in the proirn ss of tl ic debate to no-t and d,scu- ,!..-, n, te same sp.ru in w h bb I ,a- e In 1 them doi n. , .... , , I he hr-t .;iie-tiiui ,s one ol crave import; .f (i;U ,.c nM the s,r?u. I11(,.t c, s :uul tiie p,;,, -. fiir u, ,ic. upon my vote. I am apprized of tl.c r pe-iti deny nn :i tnti, diloie, am Mum t I, .uu ttf reveiitie nl the i.overn- , 1 I ....... - .. . mi nt creates a ileheit that mii-l tie mane up ; i :iii iin rfii-c of iino t-. it r;ii-es l! "i .. 4 1 : ; 1 , 1 .... . - : Ollsiiiiiiii.ii.ii oui.-i H..11. 1 ue '" .- tertait. of the ,-,.,,.( it t ioua 1 ene-ti,.n, ren.i. rs.t unnec-s;,, tor me ,,, exam.ne me , poMtion assumed, which I admit io be a ; import, nut win. -u, upon a ..., fi. 1 ,!i-cus-i.m in Coniress, s decided in li,;. ol the iiuMir upon the liiii'-ium of, ,' 1 , ,, , ; !,-tnhii:,l-- t! -ui-pb.s revenue ; an 1 that . di .Mon w ,s appro, d of by the late Presi-1 dent. 1 fori no disposition to open the ar. i oilmen, ,.f tin- cpi,-ti..n, until the case si, all arise' maki-; it ne, -essirv for 1111; to do so. ! coed ml that I he proposed ,li-po-itio;i of .. . ,.. .....I.1...1priceeus 1,1 i in? panif lamo, n "i ibutin- ihem anion-the stati s accor,,,.)lo P"l 'dation, e id, ,,, e,l by their represeu- ; :.. t :, 1 1 ....i fi.iuii H inn. . 7 f ; ,u'sel,urSe of tho conni-! , . ..........' ., ,.i ,,. ..,.,.'..,.,,' ......1 'I be land ue-tion aroc ' , ,;,. , ,. ..d.,,,,;,,,, ,.f the bd, ral const itutimi. It was a lievolutionary measure in t- oriL-in. It bears date at a perioil anteri a p. or In that at which t he General Government bad the power of b viiinr imposts on foreign: tnerchandi-e ; and hence il iii-n r w as con-i neeted with tha, mode of rai-ini revenue.: The dilleriiit States, ilniin the Kevolut i. ti- .. I .. 1 ... l. I I.I. . . I T.I ,1.1 ,.oi .t r, iiao eoiuraiitil tieni-, v. iiiiiiinr ' Conteib ralion de-ired to see lioiiidated. Many of (he States owned larue tracts of I wild hi, I Virginia beimr tl.c lar-t prot'r'' ,,,r " r claim cm rim; mo-t of t lie i Northwest Terrilnry, now Ohio, Indiana,! ' Mb bi,'a,i, ami Wisc.oiein. t'rs.i "' U" binds wr.-e made by the pro. j Pri' ':,r.V States to the ( onfed, ration. Pha, t.i V lr.rilllll . hli',. lii-l V In ci .I.... i the question, after redinij ber lands, pro id. ed the use to which they rhould bo applied

sum linns ,i, .iiichiL'an. hem- over '! . ona i hum niuiun. snail ue as va:m i r,.r .,, r, e !. i

. . . . . . . i .1 i 11 i - i: i i

I II 1141,1 .,1 , 1 1 . .1. c-. . nr.... nc! it. I, 1 ..i.n.l l.,l, .,,, t.,n I . J I

1 1 ' . V 1 ',i,u" . V . u.....! .. - ,jj electors, which I lev cou d do, it lore tbatl even with hm I I e i n mn no iiii.lr.i- tl.r. (...!..; 11 ' - '

,-,. , o.;i,--l(i . .1.. , . . , , pieaseci i sav let tho estates take " - I'acr,': 'o ,;,o0?,Vul i r.s and - engajro- of thf.se cm'(SCSt nI!(1 what l)CCor

i i ..i.' .- . , ........ ... .. . ....x.., uu ,lfi pilpral I .ovovn ninn ! 7 I , i

, ,iliv iiii'i ;s fii ion r-unionorn i inn ni ninc tin- . . . -

in that , niamlamed by those w ho oiner purpose wtiatsoever. 1 leave the ; QiJr duties are ol a two-fid I character-: u'r'l,tciu,(1 t!iu 1 "10". was so se ttled ; and

the eoiistitutionabtv ol the proposed constitutional argument here, having ill ...i,:i .....,,:.. .. !. , f . . ! whv should not this creat land question re-

.... . I,, - . . , . ' 1 . ,uiiu c u?iain 1:1c i uueoii io ei mucin, 11 , sure. 1 bey contend that it ,s unco-ti- niy uvn tn, K1 al least sustained the con-! ,.,i . r.i... , .,-, 'j cen e the same blessnii?

nal to raise money for the purpose o. . s,itlUi()lnllt y oftlc disposition proposed of: j .J.1 ' .. ' ' .' " j I would here close ,y remarks and rerii.utin, ,t am..,,, the States and there- ,(J .)IOCC(!lis of UJ. ,' w;lid, ! ! nunc my seat, but the Senate must ;,rdo

. iiia-miicl. as the abstraction ol th- . , . . . . ' - . 1 u icsi hum iivdiki.,, now wouiu coua-1 , f, ,,. .....

rows: ,.c land, shall be considered

- - ii" ii -c mm nene :i ol ...... .i .m; . iiiiiu .i.ucs a nave iicomo nr fhall lirromc mctnlirr of t he i 'miiV.-(lor:i-tion or federal alliance of said States, Virginia inclusive, aecor.liti? to tluir usual rcnertive riMrtiin, in the crneral cliarsre and expenditure ; and shall he faithfully and hona fide ilNposi-d of for that purpose, and , 1 '. "" oll,,r ,:c fir Prpn.c whatsoever. - l'r no other t:e er 1 i , ',"';V"!lV,,n'1 ,HVn- "r! i '"f V1' l. c '7" - i I " ' ' ' " ' J "Mi vnu III 1 II illHl lt,K'iv nut the consent of the Le-isla tures of the Slates concerned, as well n of the Congress. The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful "rules and filiations respectiep: the territory or other property Merc arc aim, e nowcrs conferred, and evpressly delegated to Connrcss over the entire subject of the puWia domain, the object of which was clearly "to enable the General Government to act directly upon the subject-matter of the public lands un i controlled, c.xcent bv the terms of the 1 constitution and the previous contracts land entitlements of the Confederation, ! These contracts and enrrnaements: -Pro . , i i .7 nc . i r jc.xpresslv recognised by the first clause of .1 r, " .- i r ., .-. .- i - i i toe (;1, article of the constitution, which i i i , , , , 1 ,1(H l ,rcs ,,nt "all debt?, contracts, and enPa?r mo's entered into before the ndop expressly nised and provided for by the federal con-1 stiiuuon. 1 he tpiestion then arises, did ..f , I. .. ... iiit: i i i in i 1 1 1 ii ii if i;i nii't i ii" . - ,1)C1( .,,, ,l0 a,i,1MioI1 flf fc j , ' stituiion. Thc n,',es,io then recurs what werc the M-lsJna ff ,00;,;;;;' .... . . 1 .1, urn , his quest,..,, must be decided bv the (,c,l! ' cession, and can be as we'll an1 1 , ... .u.j, .,.,.f,,, ..-.i oy mo p uties-to dispose of these lands "lor the e nn.l bo ' ,1, r sel. nf,l,p I-;i.l ! the use nnd benefit of such of the United ! States as have become or shall become .,(;r;l!irrs f .lC con federal ion or federal

rcco'i-

;ijia,,; of l!l0 Stales. Virginia inclusive,1 , V ' vc m: , " , , , . , 0 .- '.bun 1. 10 position that we hold powers le - iccording to their usual respective propor- ,,;n,.,,i ' .,. -,i ,,-. , , . 7 ill ,gtlimatelv at war With the lights and 111:oS ,n toe genend clnirge and expend,-1 ,res.s ,)f ollr (.omm,m cnilslT,llc.,s, l!ie tme. and shall be fiithfully and bona fide ; Sta(cs? L(?t Senators who choose lo as -

,. , ri- . 11disposed of fi r that purpose and for no j 11 won a seen, 10 10 ow mat anv 01 ei

... , - .lw's gei aioug win, insitiieiions iron, ine disposition, evceiit to make the rust fund t , .... r ., ... . .. ,

. " 1 . .. . " . l;liil . 1-1 ih , 11 smrn I 10 ti ; e h.-i rrrn ni lhr 1 1 t . r . t . i . 1 i " ' ...i.v.'. ... .... v...... . 1 1 11 1 rv 1 cm iiir w 11! 'i 1 iii riiii f iiif'v i - . ...-j 1 were ceded, has been in v.olat.on of the ; iieclarnl object ot tne trust, and conseqirM1,ly a!( ...fraction of that scctmn of the ; .constitution which I have read. sec.uriiiL'i - . . ,.r .,......... ....a ! tlie in viol ibili, of the ''contracts'' and .," . , .. . engagements ol the Conledcralion. 0 . , 1 ue ipiesl ions may arise how do you maintain, under tins slate of tho argument, Ine grants ot lands lo the new Slates, and the distribution of the land fund, not covcred by the deeds of cession? My nn- . .. .....i i .... swim-to tne lost is, that lite clause oi ine coiHtiiulioii which I have read expressly . 0f disposition over the I i property ; and, as a trustee, Congress has I'.e power to gran, or appropna.e one pari ot i be fund to enhance the value of the residue. Such has been the character of all the grants made. To the second ipies lion, I would say, that, as thc oilier lands have been paid lor by the people of all the Slates, the same people have an undoubted right to a return of their proceeds upon a fair distribution, should they desire it. Secondly. Will the bill retard the settlement or the Slates in whirl, thc lands I.e. by holding up the price beyond that at which they will readily sell? So it ,s contendedbut it may be answered, that thc incorporation of the other principles in the compromise upon it would entirely remove all doubt on the subject. Standing alone, however, it seems to mo that tlie new States have a subheient guarantee in tho fact that thc fund is to be disturbed,

and the disposlion of the old Slates to

get possession of their sh ire of the fund will certainly prompt them to accelerate rather than retard the sale lie sales. The tenden- , I think, therefore, is! ev of the measure the other way, and the new Stales have I 110 ,;l" Tor alarm on that '-round, ! Tliirdiy. Il contended tli.it it wii ' slnn'Mate the States to drain the Treasury i revcimo el the natiop, and Proy the General Government. This ! position is. 11 is ci, Iter that the people of tlic States are hostile to the people of the Federal Government, lieiii'f the iden-: tical same people, or that the people of the States are hostile to the Federal Government, and would destroy it to build up the State Governments. Neither of these positions, I humbly conceive, can be maintained. If it were so, would not that hostility long since have been carried into effect? Is it a controversial point that the F-cdcral Government only exists at tho will of iho people of tin; Slates.' Can they not abolish il without even the neces sity of resorting to revolution? SI, on

thev think properto do so, let them refuse ! , '"n t"" Government and " ' , i lllC local or State bank', that the bank or omit to appoint Senators, or to provide tti,onld . . V . , , ,- . ,, , c c ti shouid pay a per cent, on the public depoplor the election of members of Confess , ites, authorizing the banks to issue upon or to elect them; lor Congress has no con-1 tbein; the circular of the Secretary of tho stltutionai power even to appoint the lime I Treasury directing- them to do so,"and the of electing either, or to act upon ihe sub-' consequent inilation of the currency, project; nor has the Executive anv creator ! dueed the effect to which the Senator from

powers over it; or let them omit to nrovide poiut they cither iccomes o! tirchmeut, culled the constitution, would still remain- lm, f.u- nil .lrr.r-t'.il l.i.i-i.r.cr ,i W()..,c, ,,0 as . ; r t us n . i i i win ci mm' 111 (Hi iU SI UHJ UISSOI W w ill) - j representatives ol tiieir will, within the provisions ol the federal constitution? Dors it become us to charge those who delegated us to take seats on this floor. j who clothed us with all the power '.-3im ;is ,-i' (H-s. T11 Ilirn liiii.n nitr i'ii. ..,., .,,, , ,, ..... .. , "' ' ulv a ,,,SSIM'S ? k&'! ,l,e lj eJeral Government, ..1 ,- ' , , , ' " :, ! ' " a" . ! ''' 1"" of acting as its exclusive protectors against the assaults of tho Stales? Can we 2 "lain - ..,.i..ii.i.vi3iiiOv.in.iuivUT's,llne ,!ipse big!, grounds, nnintain them. . ... .1 :.i. : .- r . . l..egii liures Ol their mates OU I11IS Sill)-

1

Ip,.t ... , ... , ,,,ii.i I nl iw t-i ...nn.-n I...-.! J " ' .1 1 ii . . . .i'. . ...... 'i. .ii . ii.i mi. r,ij,,w... .mil u,c Honorable MMtators Iron, ;ilis.-;ouii werc illslniclei! vvuu!j ,,irv ,lln, ,,,, tlie jj0. .islatute and char-e it with a disposition , dpstn,v t,,e K.,1(.ra, Ciovenunnnt. nr .1 iii'rMiuv tot. I iiiii. ii i mi , i r ii ii ' ii I . ii n c . . "owio ,ev i.uej . .-oppose ,uo i-e:s,a-t lire of Alabama should instruct her Svu-i

ators, would they obey? Mr. Clay, of j to to political discs-i,..i ; indeed, it has Alabama, said, 110, sir. Then lllC Sella- I so led some of thc Senators who have adtor would resign, I suppose? Mr. Clay. I dressed you. 1 did. suppose thai the char-

ICS. sir, I Would.! Well, sir, then we would get another Senator in your place. who would cany out the will of the Stale; and thc operation would merely exchange one Senator for another; the principle I I , .1 ..... 1 I I I wouiii uu uiiiii.u oin, aim ine- our.u on in triumph. 1 have introduced liicso remarks for the purpose of showing that, if the States were so disposed, they have it in iheir power to arrest the further progress of the operations of thc General Government, without resorting to the supposed course to effect that object. These arguments have been predicated on thc supposition that the people of the States are hostile lo the General Government; when, Jn fact, nothing is less tine: the people of the States aie devotedly and patriotically attached to the Federal Government; instead ol" wishing lo destroy o, embarrass it, they would come lo its rescue in the hour of peril, and lay down their lives in its defence. Fourthly. It is argued that it will corrupt the State", and lead to prodigality. 'Phis .issuming the position that the people of the States are not competent to manage thiirf own conoerD?, nud that we should net asf

-voim-ii id.

their irn iriHanc a doelrine t!i:;t has of late yrar Imimh! its way into (.'onvrcSv and has loim.l 'tipporlers ainoiiL,- tho e who profess a ! r''xt ''( ,u"''-r,cxt to lh;it " holy writ, for '!r,"ocr;,lio (l"r,rin',,! This is stranqe de- ! l"nccr- Airanlto trust the people with iikii ..v. 11 ii.oiM't . nci pray, sir, what would ymi do tU'(, it 1 J,favo it jn tie liatn's of the federal oineers fur safe-keepinir ? Ay. that i- t!ic safe depo-ite. Thev cannot he corrupted as a eiatti r of course. 1 that the doctrine Senators contend for? This is last four years. The Senator from .Missou I (Mr. Lcnton) refers to the deposit, of the surplus revenue wit!, the States, and attrii the. great rae;e for speculation and jn- ! ternal iit.prnvenients to that deposite Suppo;e i aoinit his premises, can he show me that a similar effect would not have been produced by the. expenditure of the same sum of money by the General Government It was the money that had its effect, and i not the band that scattered it. Ibit, sir. I cannot let the remarks of the Senator pass without further notice. I do n,,t concur with him in the cause to which he refers. The removal of the public deposites from () j the Uank of the United Slates; tho bargain I -Ul"ollrj abuded. and not the deposite of l me surplus wan me states. Fifth v. It is obiected thnf. bv nbctrnni. ing the 1 ,nd fund for distribution, it will become necessary to provide for the deficit by laving imposts. 1 presume this position is well founded, provided the present imposti shall not be sullieient for an economical administration of public affairs. That it would fall preatly short of the late expenditures, I ; readily admit ; but that is no criterion to proportioi distribution. As a general policy, I see no objection to it, and as connected with the obligation of distribution, it would be tho true policy in the contingency of w hich I have spoken. My remarks, Mr. President, nil be closed, so far as the land uuestion I is roiirornml. ?!,. b,s .b.o,!.r.t;..n . 1 l!i this declaration; I do not anticipate the possibility of arranging this arruat subject at tho present session ; but I ! to ,lle "hoI ",:ltUr fi,l:'" scttled it the next sess;on. unon terms of coinniom- ; ., ,.,, . . . .1 1 r.. r ! l n,l mutual co,,ce,;...n. to tl ; the people, the saVtv of (he 1 1 1 ' , , sri-Lt) 01 ,l,c (" , eminent, and the be-t interest 01 The constitution of the United ! based upon a compromise of - ...... ..1 iMii-e-i'.in, ivj 11. e uuiicui 10 lieral (iovof the States. States was conilictinx 1 "Pion 'he taritf question, that almost ; ,,,c,n introduced into the di-ciis-Jon "ten imrouncui 11110 ine 'H-cu-uni. I did , hone. V.r Prebli nf hen assembled iii-ie .a liju pieM-iii .I'uui, iiiai tie iiouiu, I., , I I. . . . . .. . . . I .. . 11 ay cotiiiiion consent, exclude from these iialls all the poliijeal In at that was created ' il' 1;'te ri,!:ii,:;i1 '!" 1'rd cnou-d, of it to ee, onlest. We have all repose now it is s i o f r. iiiii in lias . nave .ef ii (iiappoiuicti. The very title of the bill introduce the loir rnhiii as ri iiolitienl reiinn i si-nee en b-n hi ted ees that have been made in thc heated partisan presses, that the bite Presidential election was influenced by stock-jobbing considerations in l'.igland, wo'dd not have foun 1 their w ay into this august body . lint here, again, 1 have been mistaken. And since tho charge has been made, 1 desire to know what State has been so operated upon. Let the charge be located. For my State and lief citizens 1 repel it. 1 bad seen it, the columns of the party presses, immediately after the election for President, the charge that the election had been canied by fraud. 'Phis we had a right to expect, for it is a principle in our nature to attribute our defeat to any thing else than a delicit in ourselves or our conduct ; and, so long as tho charge had o sj,rri.:1, location, I thought it but the privilege of the defeated party to excuse theiu-el es, even at the expense of facts and of the feelings of their opponents: but, to my utter astonishment, I fs.iw in tho Ollicial organ the location of this fraud in my own State. I had been there it tho lime of the election, had heard and sren much, nnd 1 now declare to you that 1 lion, esfly believe that there never was a nirra fair and honest expression of public opin.'on in the Stale than there was at the elections there 1,-t summer and autumn. There mar have been illegal vdei given, and no doubt

VU1.J vuiu ittuu" Liifir proportion oi Ilia

...w .. . ..b.vM.', ...v. I'Ullll-ll I" Ml, Lllll I llfl.