People's Pilot, Volume 6, Number 44, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 22 April 1897 — GREECE AND TURKEY AT WAR. [ARTICLE+ILLUSTRATION]

GREECE AND TURKEY AT WAR.

Qnypce and Turkey are now at war. SBrg gams are thundering in the mountaxa passes of Thessaly and Macedonia. ’The impregnable forts of the Dardaneitea are belchiflg forth shot and shell sz 'Bflrery attempt of the Greek fleet to gassj up into Constantinople. Once jEBMjm? the pass of Thermopylae is deifeadied by the soldiers of the Gross. .Siood and carnage is everywhere. Euctjjpe- looks on impatiently. Every .i&ristian. statesman knows what this -vxr iaseans, knows that it is the beSpsming of the greatest general war of Jfeastrtry, knows that it will be a fight ”® jibe death between the Cross and pas -Crescent. Every European naiqmkl. with the exception of England, sSaxidss, ready to assist the Greek nation. 32aigland does not want to go into this Tier vast commercial interests fat India and Egypt have added the Cinaseent, the insignia of Mahomedan:4sk», ?.i> the British standard. England s*. ftoilay in no condition to take sides zxfgninsl the Mahomedans. India and 23?fypt would at once revolt. British cwaaEßerce would be driven from northern Africa and the richest part of Asia. Übsedi as the people of England love CSrxsiian civilization, they are fonder of the commerce that makes Eng2a£»ii rich as a nation. If that wealth tSegnrods on Mahomedan trade England ’wSH stand by that trade. England’s poetiion is easily explained. In her cs*arse she is without an ally in Europe. Christendom is appalled at her *asa«ise. Germany, at first inclined to .scans! with England, has revolted. The yjxnng emperor has leagued the empire* fortunes with those of Russia France. The result will be that when this war frsilß. Russia, Germany and France will pactition the spoils. India, Turkey siaai Asia Minor will fall to the lot of BS®33in- France will get Egypt and all ;:>f aortheni Africa. Germany will get TarSsst is left. The sceptre of empire v*H£ have passed from England forever, j&latlstone sees it all coming and stands at the brink of the precipice "earning the ship of state of the danger. 3sit Captain Salisbury, like the greater partial) of the English nation, will not Zfoeed the warning. England is drunk •srith foreign commerce. We present some appropriate illustirations in connection with the latest 2cws received from the seat of war.

TURKS DRIVEN BACK. 'lie Creels Troops Defeat Their Enemies. Athens is wildly rejoicing over She latest news from the Turkz»2t frontier. Gen. Smolenitz, exrsiauster of war, is in command of 14,Greeks at Reveni, not far from 'Xymiavos, northwest of Larissa. At SMs point Edhem Pasha, closely press- . eeiiJt, was nearly taken prisoner. His BbSaa was to force the pass of Reveni, e® water the plain of Larissa, to cut *aff the retreat of the Greek army with fexs cavalry and thus take Larissa with«nt resistance. But this plan was deSaated, Gen. Demopoulos, at the head taC one Greek division, forced the Turkzs=2st line at Boughazi, close to Tyrnavo3 tamdi Gen. Mavromochale broke through :3tt Koniskos. The two generals united JE&eir troops near Damasi. The news of this success at Reveni saml of the imminent fall of Prevesa Sess changed the dismay caused at Ath♦e&B hy the loss of Milouna into the wiklest rejoicing. The latest advices are that the Greek SEamqrs are advancing to reoccupy their jseieMons at Milouna and at Gritzovali, -ftoi® latter of which, it is alleged, was abandoned owing to a misunderstanding; hy the general in command, who as ah order of retreat what

was really intended as an order of advance. The Greeks report that the Turks lost 7,000 killed and wounded at Revenl, but this estimate is probably excessive. The Greek engineers constructed a bridge at Pachyskalos to enable their troops to cross the river. It is stated that the Turkish forces attacking Reveni numbered more than 10,000 men. It is reported that among the other matters considered is the expediency of ordering the international fleets to leave Cretan waters and to go in the direction of Salonica and the Dardenelles, to watch the fighting, with a view to localizing it if necessary, by naval intervention. Should this suggestion, which is understood to emanate from the Italian foreign office, be acted upon, it is probable that only half the fleet of foreign warships would be withdrawn for such a purpose, the other half remaining to continue the Cretan blockade. As details come in it becomes more and more apparent that the fighting in Milouna pass was of the most stubborn and savage character. The Turks fought like demons and the Greeks resisted in the spirit of their ancestors.

The most inexplicable fact in connection with the whole engagement is the comparatively small number of killed. All the special correspondents agree to this. The Turks appear to have fired as wildly with their rifles at Milouna pass as they did at Arta, where the fighting consisted of an artillery duel between the rival batteries on each side of the river, lasting about four hours in the afternoon. There they fired only one out of five shots with any effect and their batteries were soon silenced by the Greeks, whose markmanship was very much superior. The Turkish losses at Arta are believed to have been very heavy. On the Greek side there was not a man killed. THE FIRST BATTLES. Some of the Earlier Cablegrams from the Seat of War. War has broken out between Greece and Turkey. Fierce battles have been fought at Karya, at Milouna pass and at Prevesa on the Gulf of Aeta. The most desperate battle was fought at Milouna pass where

20,000 men fought more than thirty hours withput food or sleep. Diplomatic relations between the two nations have been severed. Turkey insists that Greece has provoked the conflict by her aggrtsslve attitude on the frontier of Macedonia. On the other hand Greece insists that Turkey has been the aggressor. Crete, which was the original cause of the conflict, seems now to be overlooked. Unless some of the great powers Intercede there is certain to be great loss of human life before the quarrel Is settled. Greek subjects in Constantinople will probably remain under the protection of Mr. Terrell, the American minister. A dispatch to the Daily Chronicle from Athens, dated midnight, says the Greeks have captured Menaxa after severe fighting. The Turkish losses were very heavy; the Greek comparatively light. The correspondent adds: “The Greek fleet has destroyed half the fortresses at Prevesa and silenced their guns. lam assured that the bombardment will be continued to-morrow (Monday) morning. “The latest news received here ;s that the Greeks have captured and hold all the positions except Ana and Milouna along the Thessalian line. I have had access to an important document from a European capital showing that the powers have done nothing for several weeks, because they have hoped that Greece v/ould be either financially ruined or soundly beaten by Turkey. If Turkey gets Larissa she will remain there until Greece evacuates Crete. It was Germany that urged Turkey to declare war.” The correspondent of the Associated press understands that Turkey has no idea of territorial conquest, because she is aware that the powers would not sanction an advance to Athens. The idea is that she will first attempt to capture Larissa, and then march on Trichala and Pharari. If these also are captured Turkey would be in a position to compel Greece to comply with the demands of the powers. The Turkish fleet, however, is still in the Dardan-

elles, where it is likely to remain as long as the Greeks continue active. It is reported that the powers, so far from blockading Greek ports, will even allow Col. Vassos and his army to return to Greece if he decides to do so. In any case the Greek fleet would be able to harass Turkey at many points, besides in addition keeping open the supply of provisions and munitions for the Greek army. The latest advices from Arta show that the rains have been followed by three days of hot, fine weather, and the river, Arakphos, which alone separates the opposing armies, is rapidly shrinking. The hill roads are improving in condition. It is at this point that the severest and deadliest fighting may be expected. Another question' of dominating influence is whether the Greeks can engineer an uprising in Macedonia and the Sporades islands. Russia and Germany are meanwhile content to see Greece and Turkey crippling each other for many years to come, so long as the other Balkan states are kept quiet. AMERICAN WARSHIPS ABROAD. Formidable Fleet Could Be Gathered Together at Short Notice. Washington Special: Up to this time there has been, so far as could be learned, no consultation with regard to re-enforcing the fleet of the United States in Mediterranean waters. Should the presence of ships of war of foreign nations be required in Turkish or Gre- ; cian waters to protect our citizens as a result of the impending conflicts, the United States could assemble a formidable fleet, if necessary. In the Mediterranean squadron at this time the navy department has four ships—the cruiser San Francisco, the flagship on the station, the triple-screw cruiser Minneapolis and the cruiser Cincinnati, all modern vessels of high type, and the small gunboat Bancroft. The Detroit is now on her way to the Mediterranean from the China station, and now probably is somewhere near the Red sea. Another addition to the fleet will soon be made by the presence of the Raleigh, which is getting ready to join the European station. Other vessels that might be used for service iu Europe, if necessary, are the Montgomery, Marblehead, Maine and Texas, all of which are now on the Atlantic coast. The opinion exists, however, that the | presence of any number of war vessels ! will net be necessary.

The heavy dot on the southwest coast indicates the location of Prevesa, inhere the Turkish fortifications were situated which sunk the Greek steamer •Mjfcorinnia and which were subsequently destroyed by the Grecian wardhips. 1 The second dot on the line of the northern frontier between Elassona Larissa designates the scene of tho heavy fighting at Milouna Pass.

THEODORE DELYANNIS. PRIME MINISTER OF GREECE

EDHEM PASHA. TURKISH COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF.

WHERE THE BATTLES WERE FOUGHT.

A VIEW OF MODERN ATHENS. The Capital of Greece and Seat of Operations Against the Mohamedans.