People's Pilot, Volume 4, Number 11, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 31 August 1894 — Page 6

THE LATE STRIKE.

Representatives of Labor and Capital Tell Their Stories. Employers Are Heard—General Manager St- John Takes the Stand—Egan and His Views—President Gompers on Strikes in General.' CAPITAL HAS Fig SAY. Chicago. Aug 25.—0 n Thursday General Manager John A St. John, of the Rock Island railroad company, added his testimony. He presented, a detailed statement of the history of the trouble on his road, and denied the existence of a blacklist so far as that road is concerned. Mr. St. John refused to allow the commission to publicly examine or make part of its records the contract between the Rock Island and Pullman companies: he answered, however, all questions put concerning the contract. Witness said the company was obliged to use the Pullman cars. He said 522 employes ■were engaged in the strike, the others going out through intimidation: seventy-four had been reinstated: all had been taken back except those against whom there were charges. He said the exact cost of the strike had not yet been ascertained, but thought it would reach 88'J0 000 or e 1.000.000. He said that the purpose to put into effect schedules of wages was one of the most remote objects of the association. In answer to a question as to its idea concerning the remedy for strikes, he said that it seemed to him that the government control of railroads involved possibilities that might prove dangerous to the government itself. Arbitration, it seemed to him. could not prove effective in all cases, for. if applied to wages, it would naturally be found • very difficult to enforce its decisions: nor could it hardly prove effective if it was objectionable’to the employe. To many minds, he said, the law of supply and demand must still govern. Being asked why an association such as ths one he represented should refuse to treat with cne of employes such as the American Railway <OOIOO, he said the union did not represent as it claimed the employes of the roads. Another reason might be that the association did not think there was room for such an organisation. “We never question," he concluded, ■“a man as to whether he belongs to any union cr not so long as he is competent." Manager Egan Heard.

Chicago, Aug. 27.—The General Managers association, represented by General Manager John M. Egan, submitted its views of the strike to the labor commission at Friday’s cession. The itness told the story of the prop sed conference to be held by the mayor, representatives of the American Railway union and of the managers’ association. He said ho had no authority to take part in such a conference. He had returned the document left at his office by the mayor because the managers’ association had directed him to return it. He ■would not state whether the document in question was offensive and Insulting to the association. Witness said that at that time the strike had not been settled so far as the American Railway union ■was concerned. It was “settled” on the part ■of the railroads because they had employed other men in place of those who went out The <leneral Managers’ association had refused to recognize the American Railway union. When the mayor presented the document signed by Messrs. Debs. Howard and Keliher Mr. Egan said to him that he “thought the mayor should not act as a messenger boy for such parties." He (Egan) had advised all individual strikers coming to him to go back to •work. He had had no negotiations with the strike leaders. He had authority to make all arrangements to fight the strike, but did not consider he had any authority to confer with the mayor or others regarding an amicable .settlement, therefore be declined to do so. In answer to questions Manager Egan stated lie had made no effort to effect an amicable aettlemcnt of the strike: that it was the policy •of the railroads to crush the strike: that he had refused to %eat with the Americ .n Railway union in any way, but that he did not know that it was the policy of the companies to -crush the American Railway union, though he admit te S that the companies would have nothing to do with American Railway union people. Being confronted with tae charge made that he had furnished money to be paid to men for overturning and burning cars, and for doing overt acts, in order that prejudice against the strikers might be created. Mr. Egan replied: “My attention was first attracted to statements by what I read in the newspapers. Considering the source from which it came I think ail I need say is that it is the veriest rot. It is on a parity with numerous other statements of Debs. Howard and other leaders of the American Railway union to influence the men they had duped.” The mayor, he said, directed him to discharge immediately any policeman who was found lukewarm or inefficient. Several officers were suspended on complaints, but when he ■came to investigate he could And no responsible author.

“So tar as I have been able to learn, the railroad men had very little to do with the disturbances and destruction of property. The rioters were hoodlums, mixed in with crowds of women and children It was the opportunity of the tough' element, and they took advantage o< it. Ido not think the average daily arrests during the strike was any larger than the regular average. The police were massed along tracks or held in reserve at stations, and bo did not pay as much attention to the criminal classes of the city as usual." 'the chief said many of the complaints made against the police were made by deputy marBhals, who were more in the way than of service. To show the character as some of these men the chief offered to introduce the records ■of three deputy marshals who had been arrested for highway robbery. T) e commission excluded the records as irrelevant. John T. Norton, a locomotive engineer residing in South Chicago and formerly employed by the Illinois Central railroad, gave ills experience with the "blacklist." After the strike he secured a position with the Calumet & Blue Island road, which was to run over the Rock Island tracks part of the way to get out of South Chicago. He made one trip and on his return was informed that the Rock Island officials had barred him from their tracks, and he was therefore discharged. He. with a witness, called on Superintendent Dun- , lap, of the Rock Island system, and was told that he could not run on their tracks because he belonged to the A. R. U.. and for no other reason. Says Strikes Do Good. Chicago, Aug. 28.—President Samuel A. Gdmpers, of the American Federation of Labor. being called to testify, told the commission about the Briggs house conference of July 12, at which there were present representatives •of all the prominent national labor organizations. This conference was called upon by a -committee from several Chicago unions asking that a general strike be ordered as suggested. The request was considered carefully, and the conference of the American Federation of Labor came to the conclusion that the president of the United States should be called upon to do whatever there was in his power to bring the great labor trouble to an amicable settlement. To that end a telegram was sent to the president asking that he either come to Chicago or send some one to act for him in a conference with the executive council of the America” Federation of Labor. The president did not reply to the telegram. The council decided that it would be detrimental to the cause to indorse a general strike, as the American federation had no such authority, even were its members so disposed. Mr. Gompers said he had no scheme for the abolition of strikes, boycotts and industrial disturbances. He said that he did not join in the denunciation of strikes. So long *s the present system of labor and trade exists there would be strikes. The •M-rike shows that the workingman has Jest yet some honor, manhood and courage. Striata have forced the employing classes and the test of the world to pay some attention to the labor question. Strikes were not the failures they aere usually written down to be. Mttrv than two-tbirds of the strikes were Victoria. to»:be li borers involved. Mr. Gompers said li. tr - the people when they tailed. Employee

of a railroad strike. The corporation hires other men. These new men certainly elevate their economic condition, else they wouldn’t make the change. Mr. Gompers said his observations had led him to believe that the men who strike are not lowered: do not take relative positions with the other men. So that even failing strikes benefit the community. He did not advocate strikes where it was possible to do without them. He believed in voluntary arbitration. He was not prepared to say that tate socialism would be the remedy; he did believe in the government ownership of railways and all means of transportation and communication. He said:

•■The government already operates a great number of railroads. If it can operate a bankrupt road 1 do not see why it could not operate ; it before it becomes bankrupt. Mr. Gompers thought the beneficial outcome of the recent strike was the appointment of the commission before which he was testifying. only it would have been better if the com mission had been sent to Chicago earlier—fluting the strike. He thought that it would have been able to bring the General Managers’ association and the leaders of the labor organizations together. The witness had some things he wanted to ' say about the injunctions issued by court. He held that these injunctions were not rightly based on the inter state commerce lawj that that law was not intended to apply to labor organizations. He said the Injunctions were based on court-made law, upon decisions given in the absence of law. He held further that “old musty laws" tnade a hundred years ago. before the application of steam and electricity to industry had ever been dreamed of, were not pliable enough, elastic enough to deal with the problems of to-day. Conditions had changed so that the laws should be changed. A humane and beneficial law. when passed, was not infrequently pronounced unconstitutional. George M. Pullman Appears. Chicago. Aug. 29.—George M. Pullman appeared before the national labor commission Monday as a voluntary witness. As president of the Pullman company he told about the organization of the corporation, its financial standing, and answered questions regarding the manner in which its affairs are conducted. The object in establishing the town of Pullman, he said, was that convenient homes might be provided for the workmen and that they might enjoy better accommodations than were obtained elsewhere for the same outlay on their part. The advantages gained by residence in the model town were set forth at length by the capitalist. Asked about the rent paid by tenants. Mr. Cullman said it was just 6 per cent, on the inAtafment.

The capital of the Pullman company, he stated, is $36,000,000 Being asked about the report that the company had a surplus of $16,000,000, he said that it was more than that. The dividends are based upon the capital of $36,000,000, and are 2 per cent, quarterly. He was then asked about the reductions of employes’ wages. He replied: “I am not familiar with the daily workings of the town of Pullman. I will have to refer the commission to the second vice president for these details. I will say, however, that for entire months we did not have an order for a car. 1 realized that unless something was done there would be suffering at Pullman, and after a consultation with Vice President Wickes I determined to make bids under the actual cost of construction. We did this, and .1 remember the first order was for fifty-live cars. I put in a bid for these cars at from S3OO to S4OO below the cost a ear. making up my mind to make this contribution rather than see my men idle. I believe many other car builders in the country felt the same way. As evidence of this the next lowest bid to mine was only $24 higher than mine. On another occasion I bid for a lot of 250,cars at a loss of sls on each car, preferring undo this rather than see the freight shops closed. I underbid the next competitor only $1 a car. It cost us about $50,000 to keep the men in work as long as I did. I explained all this to Mr. He;.thcote. the leader of the strikers. whosuid to me: ‘We want the wages of ’93’ I informed him that was impossible: I told him it would be a most unfortunate thing if the wages of 93 were restored; that there was only six or eight weeks’ work here as it was. and there was none in sight at the rate on which the wages of ’93 were based.” He admitted that the company taking the whole year through had made money, and paid its regular dividends, which amounted to about 82.50 u (JOO. In explaining why the company chose to reduce wages while paying large dividends Mr. Pullman said:

••The manufacturing business is separate from the business of the sleeping car company. I see no reason why I should take the profits of the 4,200 stockholders in the Pullman SleepingCar company and pay men a higher rate of wages than was paid in other parts of the country for the same work, or than was paid by other companies for the same work. Because we have been careful and accumulated a surplus I do not see that it is a reason we should take the surplus now and pay it out for exceptionally high wages." Concerning arbitration he said: "There are some matters that are proper subjects for arbitration. such as a disputed title. Hut there are others that are impossible of arbitration. I cannot arbitrate on a question where I know the facts to be thus and to. The question a* to whether our shops should continue to run at a loss is a thing that could not be arbitrated.” Q. "Why was it impossible:" A. “Because it violates the principle that a man has a right to manage his own business.” “We make it a condition of return to work that the member of the American Railway union shall surrender his card. That is the only union we have ever discriminated against, although I believe our men have belonged to other organizations. It is the fixed policy of the Pullman company to retain no one connected in any way with the American Railway union." “Were rents reduced when wages went down?” asked Judge Worthington. “They were not. So little Income was coming from rents that we could not afford to re- [ duce them further." “Were your wages and those of the other officers of the company reduced?” “They were not.” “Why was this not done?" When Mr. Pullman fully recovered from the effect of the audacity of the questions he said it was not good policy to reduce the salaries of high officials, because men of their caliber were not easily replaced and would not stand a reduction of any considerable amount.

AN AGED HERO.

He Rescues Two Children at the Cost of His Own lase. Indianapolis, Ind., Aug - . 27. —Henry Bowman, a veteran gray-bearded flagman where the system of railway tracks pass under the bi«- Virginia avenue viaduct, lost his life Friday in a heroic effort to save the lives of several small children at play on the tracks. Bowman was 73 years old and was minus one hand, lost in a railroad accident years ago, after which he was given the station at the viaduct. Bowman rushed in front of the engine and grabbed up two little boys in his arms and tossed them off to one side, but fell back in front of a Lake Erie & Western engine. The cowcatcher struck him in the back and both feet were ground off. He lived an- hour after being taken to the hospital.

Fatal Mine Disaster.

Durango, Tex., Aug. 25. —A mining disaster is reported from the Lamireno district, southwest of this city. A cave-in occurred in one of the mines, burying ten miners. Six of the men were rescued alive, but the others were dead when found. The superintendent of the mine was arrested.

PYTHIANS PARADE.

President Cleveland Reviews the Uniformed Rank. The Feature of the Big Encampment at Washington— Reports Show the Order to Be 1 lourishing—Sentiment Against Saloon Men. IN KNIGHTLY ARB AY. Washington. Aug. 29.—The feature of the Pythian encampment was the grand parade of the uniform rank Tuesday afternoon. Fifteen thousand knights were in line, marching by State brigades, and the procession was more than two hours passing the presidential reviewing stand. Pennsylvania avenue was crowded with more than 100,000 people, a large proportion of them visitors from out of the city. The president reviewed the procession from a small stand erected on the curbing just in front of the white house. A few minutes after 4o’clock he emerged from the executive mansion in company with Col. Klao, chief of staff, representing the Knights of Pythias, and Col. Wilson, of the United States engineers. The president’s appearance was greeted with cheers. As he stood up the great crowd again broke, into cheers and handclapping, which continued for several minutes, while the object of this attention removed his hat and bowed his acknowledgments. The president seated himself and waited patiently for fifteen minutes before the head of the line appeared. Then he arose, and as the knights swept past he acknowledged the salutations of the commanding officers by bowing. The scene was a brilliant one. | The conclave of the supreme lodge I was called to order by Supreme Chancellor W. W. Blackwell in Builders' exchange hall at 10 o'clock. Great secrecy was observed and the entrances ‘ were carefully guarded. The roll call was answered by delegates from nearly every state and territory. Supreme Chancellor Blackwell and Supreme Keeper of Record and Seal IL L. C. | White read their biennial reports. ' The supreme officers wore crape badges i on their arm as a token of respect to ' the late Past Supreme Chancellor i Shaw, of Wisconsin. The report of the supreme chancellor, W. W. Blackwell, deals with questions rising from what he terms an organized rebellion of certain persons I who have persisted in publishing and ' using a German translation of the j ritual of the order despite the refusal ; of the supreme lodge to permit such i translations. The supreme chancel- i lor makes a strong plea for American- j izing the order. He gives the following as the statistics of member- ; ship of the order according to unoffi- ! ciai reports to July 1, 1894: Grand I lodges, 54; subordinate lodges, 6,262; total number of members, 465,741, a net increase of 72,025 members during ! the last two years. The financial condition of the order is, he states, most satisfactory, notwithstanding the failure of the former supreme master of exchequer. In view of the action of the supreme lodge at Cincinnati in 1888 the supreme chancellor advises the abrogation of the edict of the Kansas City session, which placed under the bail the order of Pythian Sisters. The saloon question is not unno- i tieed. Many lodges, the report says, ! have under act of grand lodges permitting a vote on the subject excluded saloonkeepers from membership in the order. This, the chancellor thinks, is a grand thing, as it will have a tendency to elevate the character of the lodges. He holds that quality, not quantity, is what is wanted. He says: “I heartily commend that saloon keepers, bartenders and professional gamblers be pronounced ineligible to further membership in our order and that the supreme lodge firmly plant itself upon this moral and progressiva platform, that all the world may know just where we stand." The report of Supreme Master of Exchequer Thomas G. Sample shows total receipts during the year of $91,108.86, with expenditures of $62,049.31, leaving a balance April 1, 1894, of $29,059.55. At the meeting of the supreme lodge the Idaho delegate, J. W. Daniels, presented Supreme Chancellor Blackwell a gavel of silver and mahogany, and Delegate Walker, of Montana, presented him a gold and silver jewel. Indianapolis will probably be the city chosen for the next encampment.

WHEAT IN NINETY DAYS.

Quick Maturing of Grain in the Red River Valley. Grand Forks, N. D., Aug. 29.—The harvest weather for the past day or two has enabled farmers who were delayed in their seeding to finish cutting their wheat without damage. The gathering of the harvest ui North Dakota will be practically finished this week. In some parts of the state it was finished last week. Farmers who finished sowing in March are now rejoicing in an abundant crop safe in the stack or thrashed. From seventy to eighty days was a short time for a crop of wheat to mature, but this year there are farmers in the Red River valley who sowed, cut theirs and shipped it just ninety days from the date of the last sowing. This has been the shortest and quickest harvest ever known in North Dakota, and the yield is from twelve to forty-two bushels per acre in the valley.

AMMONIA EXPLODES.

The Driver of a Brewery Wagon Blown Across the Street and Killed. Buffalo, N. Y., Aug. 29.—Joseph Bissinger was driving along Grace street with a load of ammonia, used for making ice in breweries. One of the tanks containing the stuff exploded with a loud report, hurling Bissinger 20 feet, throwing him through the boughs of a tree which overhung the street. He came down on the opposite side of the street. His hands and feet were lorn off by the explosion and his flight through the tree. He was instantly killed. -\q reason for the explosion is known.

FIGURING UP.

Some Statistics of the Strike’s Coat— Wickes Again Testifles. Chicago. Aug 28.—When the labor commission assembled for Tuesday’s session several railroad officials who had been summoned to furnish statements of the losses caused to various roads by the strike were heard. Summarized their statements show that the aggregate loss of the Chicago & Alton road was $286,360; the Lake Shore, damage to cars. $5,154; the Chicago & Eastern Illinois. ; $123,706; the Burlington, $115,000; the St. Paul, I $190,026; the Northwestern, $562,690.31: Chicago & Erie. 8144,788.77. The same statement showed a total loss of wages to employes of $835,935.93, The commissioners wanted some figures on the losses to business and other figures whio* the officials did not have, but they later promised to get at the desired estimates as nearly as possible and report later to the commission. Then Mr. Wickes took the stand. Questioned by Chairman Wright, he said that the cost to the company of building the cars under contract at the time of the strike was about $1,400,000. The labor would cost about $240,000. The contracts were taken on a basis of a -reduction of 20 per cent, and thus under the old prices the labor would cost about $340,000. On this basis Mr. Wright said that, according to the testimony of Mr. Wickes, the company had contributed $52,000 for the purpose of securing these contracts and keeping the people employed and the wage earners $60,000. Mr. Wickes admitted that possibly it would have been better for the company to sustain the loss of $60,000 plus the $52,000 than allow the strike to occur, but he did not think it would be a very good policy. A principle was involved. The Pullman company could not afford to give up its right to manage its own business. The wages of workmen had been raised, Mr. Wickes said, time and again where there had been no request from the men. The company’s officers were always ready to pay every man for his skill; but, too, they were entitled to just profits occurring from the use of improved machinery. Witness had been in close touch with labor men for the past twenty-six years. He thought the present principle of operation had worked ad- I mirably until last May. In the works of the j Pullman company at Wilmington and at St. I Louis there had never been any trouble of i any kind- He thought that if there had i been no outside interference there the men ! would not hp,ve gone on strike. The company I was preparing an investigation and a state- I ment of its actual condition to set before the ' men when the strike was called. That state- I ment would have been identical with the one ' given in evidence before the commission. Witness said the back rent now owing to the 1 company amounted to about SIOO,OOO. Almost > no effort had been made to collect any of this I since the strike. * "Has any eviction list been prepared?” asked ' Commissioner Wright. i

“No, sir. No eviction list has been prepared and no evictions have been ordered.” The subject of arbitration and the Pullman company’s refusal to arbitrate with its former employes was taken up by Commissioner Kernan. The witness thought that the question of wages could not be submitted to arbitra;ion. An employer knew what he could afford to pay for the work needed and that was a fixed amount. It could vary only as profits to the manufacturer change The Pullman company had never objected to unions except in one instance. The objection to the American Railway union was that the company would not treat with its men through any union. It would treat with them individually omy. Commissioner Kernan read clauses from a sample Pullman lease, and asked if Mr. Wickes did not think it harsh upon the signing tenant and employe. Mr. Wickes thought the tenants should not be called upon to make repairs and improvements, and as a matter of fact he knew that they never had been called upon to do so. Commissioner Kernan asked if the witness did not think that was harsh on the men. He answered no. The more competent men always got along all right with the company. It was always the less competent men who made all the trouble. It the better workmen at any time permitted themselves to be led by the less competent men that was their misfortune. Chairman Wright asked about the salaries of the officials oi the Pullman company. Mr. Wickes said that he thought these salaries were not so high as those paid to high officials in other kinds of business. Some time ago the president was paid only SIO,OOO a year. W itness did not know the amount of the president's salary at present. He preferred not to say anything about the salaries of other officials. Gen. Nelson A. Miles took the stand when the commission met after luncheon. In answer to questions he said his occupation was major general of .the United States army. He denied flatly the story that on his arrival here from Washington he had at once consulted with the general managers. On July 2, when this conference was said to have taken place, he was in Washington, and he arrived here on July 4. Asked if it was true that he had declared he had broken the backbone of the strike, the general said this was not quite exact. W fiat he said was that he had broken the backbone of the opposition to the federal troops. The commissioners wanted to know if tho troops forced railroad men to work at the point of tho bayonet. Gen. Miles said that while this might have happened in some instances, he had not been aware of it and had issued no orders to that effect. He said be knew nothing about the strike. That the troops were ordered here by the president to see that the decrees of the United States courts were enforced, and beyond carrying out such instructions he had nothing to do with the strike.

Inspector Hunt testified as to the disturbances in his division during the strike. Prior to July 3 there was little actual violence, but then trains were stopped and men were sent to disperse them. He knew of no actual violence that day, and in fact none until July 7. July 4 twenty-five men were sent out to Halsted and Fortieth streets to move cars and they were compelled to disperse a mob. There was little actual violence during the entire time. During the strike he did not notice one railroad man interfering in any way. shape or manner. The mob was composed of toughs and men who never worked on railroads or anything else. The men arrested for depredations were not railroad men. Albert W. Sullivan, the general superintendent of the Illinois Central Railroad company, was next sworn. He said the employes gave him no notice they were going to quit the service of the company. The first to strike were the switchmen and the day foljlowing the strike by that body all the employes went out and there was a general cessation of work. There was no interruption of passenger traffic of any great moment. There was but one day the company failed to dispatch its regular trains from Chicago. After the arrival militia July 8 business picked up again. The men had no grievance when they struck."

Big Collections at Chicago.

Chicago, Aug. 29. —Going into effect of the new tariff law caused great activity at the custom houses of the country. In Chicago receipts were the largest on record, $158,529.

Cash for Pensions.

Washington, Aug. 29. —The secretary of the interior has issued a requisition on the secretary of the treasury for $11,010,000, to be used in the quarterly pension payments. The amount is distributed as follows: Columbus, $3,800,000; Boston, $1,900,000; Washington, $1,800,000; Detroit, $1,800,000; San Francisco, $810,000; Augusta, Me, SBOO,000, and Des Moines, SIOO,OOO.

A Snug Sum for Charlie.

Boston, Aug. 29.—Charlie Bennett, the maimed baseball player, is SO,OOO richer as a result of the benefit game : played in this city.

Are you going to buy a ~~ & Think twice . < HHI»| < Get your . , . . . before < \ YV/ 'Kj I • • • dealer you buy .. i \ Y\ < so write . . . . a cheap ? \=L c , , ,us for Vehicle. . . $ X < Catalogue . ■* * < / /tBI / iBMMteN /\ 5 • describing . , The best s \ c our full - . is always . . < CT-b' J . . . line of . . cheapest < x/xvxvY/ x/ Xaz/Axz < Uigh Grade. in the end. . » C . . Vehicles. If you don't see what you want ask for it. -ZVcT cl ress .... The Battle Creek Carriage Company .... Manufacturers of strictly High Grade Light Vehicles, , •* Battle Ci'eelt. nvrt ot-> 1 ynnThe Columbia Road Cart No. 55. $ S >, Graceful In Design, Never •of*- Rattles, No Breakage, JnQnfLß Perfectly Balanced. fFRR front end ot the body Is flexibly supported by the two straps which, in combination .efththe *»rb—i2 Vl ? p i n^! u aCt, u n °* l^e s E n . n - £ > s » disconnects the body from all the motion of the shafts, axle and . F®, ' and thereby accomplishes perfectly comfortable and satisfactory riding qualities. The ~ n ? s J°Y’ ls _ e ??y,°f ac cess, and when loaded, is perfectly balanced, leaving no pressure on tne horse s back. Sells in preference to any other Cart on the market, and pleases every customer, t rices surprisingly low. Address r ' p gyi w. .‘waress, MANUFACTURERS OF HIGH GRADE PIANO THE DEXTER WAGON CO ■ a ' c-zi-irToisr, omo. * Npnroe Cart Company ® ROCHESTER MICH. - - - - . . Manufacture a superior Riding / Cart. The springs are quickly ad- I | justable to be as easy riding for one I passenger as for two. To be found \ A on no other cart. t .. / vT \ >. / Also Road Wagons and Buggies. Prices reasonable. Send for Catalogue. rt at?.t» xtq. 20.

I] [ Caveats, and Trade-Marks obtained, and all Pat- 1 [ J ent business conducted for moderate Fees. <• JOur Office is Opposite U. S. patent office! J and we can secure patent in less time than those ! 5 remote from Washington. S <' Send model, drawing or photo., with descrip- J Jtion. We advise, if patentable or not, free of! J charge. Our fee not due till patent is secured. S A Pamphlet, “How to Obtain Patents,” with? cost of same in the U. S. and foreign countries f sent free. Address, > C.A.SNOW&CO. F Opp. patent Office, Washington, D. C. J Cor. 4th & Columbia Sts., Practicnl Business Methods. No Copying from tats moderate. Normal course. Write for Catalogue to J. CADDEN. President. $ 3 1 I Your satisfaction . . is our success, K 25 bj We are making a specialty of our No. 16 JJ> H ... SINGLE ... S HARNESS <! i tj' All hand finished. Made out of No. r A Oak stock, stitched 1 and 8 to inch, with <• A 5 cord end. In nickel or imitation rubber, *4 | Special Offer! | A We will sell two sets of this No. 16 Har- $ S ness, retail price of which is si|>oo per k* set, also one doz. No. I Buggy Whips, j€ w retail price $15.00; two fine embroidered, •> i’l knotted fringe, shell pattern, Lap Dust- £ X ers, retail price $3.00 a piece, for * | $32.20, F. O. B. Danville, Hl. . *5 K t . r K We guarantee these goods in every re- «C *£ spect and anyone purchasing them that I are not satisfied return the goods and we gl will refund the money. Address, *2 Northwestern Harness Co., g DANVILLE, ILL. 1 THE KING & < WASHER. The most perfect of all washing Machines, and does extra fine work for the ■ following reasons; First. The strips are one-half round and . . no sharp corners to tear and cut the . . clothes; it has all the latest improve- . . meats; extra large size Second. Has a splash board which is an . . advantage over other washers. It also . . protects the operator Third. There is no lost motion Fourth. The bottom is sheet . . iron, rubber packed. Fifth. Made of the best yellow poplar. . . Its finish is durable and attractive. It . . is low in price for a first-class machine. . . To see it is to buy it Live agents wanted in every town. Liberal discounts allowed. Write at once for prices, territory, etc. Address, Frank S. Bechtel, Manufacturer HANOVER, . York Co., Pa.

Cigar Dealer* and Saloon Keeper* A.TTEJNTIOIN I The King of all slot machines isour famous AUTOMATIC “ NICKEL MYSTERY ” cigar vending machinas ■*lHra ww -Z •Tv 1 y Hi II I, m.««> *«<““I * r nrr »»• HKBjB kknEu' 'Jl“ 5i 1X."?*“ ' wr'S It is the modern money maker. Will pay yo«r rent, delight your patrons, ornament your place of business, and help you on to Easy Street It is * machine that can be used to as much advantage in a saloon as in a cigar store. The public is go. ing wild over it. Don't fail to write‘for pricesand further particulars at once. Address, The "Magic” Automatic Machine Co., N. T. Weser, Mgr. Butler, Peana. Agents Wanted. Liberal Terms. 0 rmrjTMwrrn. Sftftl 2 W g InLa you want to make money t If so the Automatic ts Fortune Telling »» Machine is what you want. The greatest incentive to trade ever invented. Pays for itself at the rate of 500 per cent a month. Just the thing for Cigar Stores, Saloons, Billiard Rooms, New* Stands and all places where cigars are for sale. Tor Ice Cream and Confectionery parlors it is a big drawing card; also a big money maker for Drug Stores and Soda Fountains. As a money maker it can't be beat and the biggest trade boomer on the market. I Made to work both fora nickel or a cent just as you want It. Don’t fail to order one at once. For terms and further particulars address the Butler Automatic Machine Co., Main OSes 116 W. Jefferson St, Butlar, Tt, Agents wanted. Liberal term*. ;! INTHRNATIONAI, ; ;! DICTIONARY, Successor of ths ' 1 “Unabridged.” < ! 1 ‘ Ten years spent in! ' I Tbki I revising, 100 editors’ ] 1 employed,more than! ■ > suffijSaja ' SSWfOw expended. < ' 1 iSklsiM I ' A Grand Educator ] l Abreast of the Times ' A Library in Itself ' ,' J Invaluable in the ] ' household, and to the 1 ' > teacher, professional' , 1 man ' self-educator. ; ; [ Ask your Booksei er to show it toyou. ] Pnblli ted by 1 ! ,G.A C.MERRIAM CO.,I PEiNcrnim MaBs.,TT.SJL ] i ’ iyp l Send for free prw ectns containing specimen' < ’pages, illustrations, testl lonlals.etc. 1 ' 1 ty~Do not b y reprint of ancient editions.