People's Pilot, Volume 3, Number 44, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 20 April 1894 — Page 8

ORIGIN OF ANARCHISM.

Proudhon, Who First Used lhe Word, Was a True Idealist. Literary Digest. Dr. Karl Jeutsch, in Schorer’s Farailienblatt, Berlin, seeking for the origin of anarchism, goes back to medieval history, to the many endeavors of the poor to throw off the yoke of the wealthy, to the social revolutions of early times, and while he does not find the word anarchism, he contends that the thing itself did actually exist. He refers especially to the German war of the peasants as a notable instance of an organized uprising against the privileged classes; and upon the failure of this war he bases the rise of obsolute monarchy in Europe, which he says, with its bureaucracy and standing armies made all attempts at a popular rising impossible for nearly three hundred years; then the French revlution shook this absolutism to its very foundations. Looked upon from this point of view; he continues, anarchism is nothing but the desire for freedom which vents itself in English trade-un-ionism aud German socialism.

But the struggle of the poor against the rich is often accompanied by the resistance of the individual against the the community. Men in whom this individualism is very strongly developed are repulsed by both trade-uniodism and socialism, for both systems impose more or less irksome restraint.

The man who first used the word anarchism for the system was one of the noblest characters of his time, and had nothing in common with rascals of the Ravachol fraternity. His name was Peter Joseph Proudhon. With Karl Marx, he bases his plans for reform on the supposition that the laborer is robbed by the capitalist. Marx investigated production, and found fault with the arrangements of modern industries, while Proudhon laid the fault al the door of the trade. In his work, “Q t-

cst-ce la propriete,” he points cut that no one will of his own free will give more than he receives in return. The workman, however, gives to the employer more than lie receives in wages, forced to do so by our social and political systems. Therefore, the present exchange beween the worker and the capitalist js neither free nor just, and the property of the latter is acquired by theft.

Two Germans, the merchant Hess, and the teacher Grun, further developed the Frenchman’s ideas. The rapid ad vance of invention seemed to them to insure the posibility that a time would come when the children could playfully produce everything we need.

The reaction which followed the revolutionary movement during the forties suppresses anarchy tor a decade. In the sixties it arose again; the Russian Michael Bankunin organized international anarchism as opposed to the German social-democracy organized by Ferdinand LaS.salle. Bakunin condemns the alate in every form as a destroyer of personal liberty. His idea, Jiket&atof Proudhon’s is what Proudhon call anarchy, not a wild war of every one against every one else, but perfect libwith perfect order, every <one beina 1 useful io the rest of unan'kind by doi-pg that which I eases himself. Bakunin’s pupil, .Sergei Net.'scliajew, went further and began <our present anarchism. He intended to revolutionize all the Jiussian peasantry; he called the robbers to his aid and declared robbery “one of the most honor;aole modes of life among the Kussiaa people.” He busied lbinuself less with dreams of the I Utopia of the Anarchists than with the destruction of our pre- 1 -sent social system. He is th© originator of the “propaganda!

of action,” and recommends violence not only for the removal of obnoxious persons, but also “to show the people what power we possess.” Dissenters from the Socialists adopted these views, and international anarchism eame into being its first organization was the Federation Furassienne at Geneva, which was composed of Spaniards, Belgians and French. The German Anarchists acknowledged John Most as their head, He edited the Freiheit at Berlin, but was sentenced to state prison because he asked the people of all countries to follow’ the example of the Russian Anarchists in murdering Czar Alexander. In Germany the Socialists have expelled from their ranks all who sympathize with anarchism.

Iroquois Ditch.

Mr. Editor:—Those owning land tributary to the Iroquois above the foot of the rapids are summoned for April 30, 1894. It is incumbent on each land owner to give the matter the best thought he can. The viewers’ report is on file and .the Board of Commissioners meet to determine: Ist. Whether due notice has been given; 2nd. To ascertain whether the apportionment is fair and just. Any person who receives notice may file exceptions to the apportionment of benefits or damages by setting forth his grievances in writing and filing a bond conditioned to pay costs if the exceptions are overruled. This right is common, the petitioners and others stand exactly on an equality in this regard. The statute authorizes benefits to be assessed for proposed direct drainage and the value of a more convenient outlet. The route of the drains was determined before the viewers commenced the investigations necessary to make the report now up for hearing. As I understand the viewers apportioned to each one whose land is traversed by the ditch a portion for construction on such land. That portion of the work below the mouth of Lateral 26 is estimated separately. I would like to see this improvement made on a just and fair basis. The ditches should have such a grade of bottom, slope of sides, smoothness of water perimeter, depth and capacity as will make it permanent and effective. They should be made at the least possible expense, and that expense as fairly adjusted as is practicable. This work can only be done by a public proceeding. Ditching under public law naturally awakens in our minds theories of justice that will tax the other and leave us out. Who among us but would be willing to deal with benefits so that to him that hath shall be given? Some of us owning lands in the regions remote from the common outlet have almost pursuadedourselves that we have a right to spill our surplus waters upon a lower surface and that such right “none dare to dispute.” Courts and legislatures living in the hill countries, where every rill, rivulet. stream, brook and river auns like a torrent, make laws to the effect that water has a right to run. This rule where the current is swift may work little hardship for the additional capacity will come by attrition. A swamp lying as ours does cannot be redeemed on the line of such watermaxim. Confiscation

would not excavate the capacity needed in the lower part of an artificial channel in a level country. The courts and legislatures of this state lay down a rule which we all ought to try to understand and apply each fairly to his own environment before warming up to fighting heat and getting involved in a law suit. I quote the exact language of our supreme court in Lipes V. Hand 104 Ind. 503,507: “Whatever gives more value to the pareel of land is a special benefit.

* * * ♦ Suppose * ♦ * * the person assessed owns a tract of land situated on a knoll and well drained in every part but that on all sides of it are * * * * ponds rendering access difficult and isolating from highways. The drainage of the ponds would benefit the land owner although it might not carry any water at all from his land and such benefit would be a special one. Where a land owner obtains an outlet for the lateral ditches constructed for the drainage of his lands * * * he receives a special benefit. There may be a benefit to a tract of land although its drainage facilities may not be increased.” Under the existing condition of affairs we can lead our ditches into worthless lower swamps and ponds without appreciable injury but as soon as the lower swamps are to be drained we no longer have such right and to secure such right is a special benefit. »The main channel below lateral 26 is estimated to cost *50,000, and the viewers think my lands situated above should pay SI,OOO, of this fifty and the only question is whether my special benefits are too high. The word benefits means increase of market value. The same influence as to drainage or the right of outlet per acre varies according to the market value of the land before and after. The quality, its nearness to market are matters to be considered. The lands near the channel draining directly should pay dollars while those more remote pay cents. Those lands which are rich and fat and capable of becoming worth seventy-five dollars per acre should pay five times as much as those in like situation which cannot be made to be worth more than fifteen dollars per acre. A greater fall in my lateral carries more silt into the new’ channel and the lands tributary to the lateral whether made or to be made should contribute to keep the main channel open and in good repair. These benefits, like boils, are more agreeable on someone else. While the owners of the marshes upon which the surplus water from my land is now discharged are in the notion of draining and admit a benefit of ten dollars per acre I must concede that I should pay something as my share toward the one common object. The viewers and the Boaj-d are tribunals under the law to investigate and report and it seems to me we ought to confine our attention to the land and its relation to the improvement, its present value, what would it be worth if the improvement was completed and that difference is the measure of each one’s just contribution. It may not be practicable to do exact justice, but I, for the present as in the past, will stand firm for the improvement of my home, my town, my township and county, and for a fair adjustment, of the expenses thereof, looking to all the elements of benefit touching an increase of market value.

Would it not be better to coolly talk this whole matter over between ourselves in a spirit of fairness and try our best to cheapen the work by having it let at the low’est possible price. In case of gross injustice let one more fortunate assume a part of the less fortunate, and help the Board to make a just decision as cheaply and quickly as practicable. Simon P. Thompson.

BUCKLIN’S ARNICA SALVE.

The best salve in the world for cuts, bruises, sores, ulcers, salt rheum, fever sores, tetter, chapped hanps, chilblains, corns and all skin eruptions, and positively cures piles, or no pay required. It is guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction, or money refunded. Price 25 cents per box. For sale by F. B. Meyer.

For Sale. One good Dedrick hay press, a Cooper traction engine. For particulars apply to H. E. Davisson, Deciding, Ind.

Alliance Moving.

In accordance with the program published in these columns last month, several counties arranged their quarterly meetings so that I could meet with and lay before them business of importance to the order. I am pleased to report that in the counties visited the interest has visibly improved, and I find an encouraging disposition to patronize all the co-operative features which the officials have presented for the fin ancial advantages of the membership. The order is no longer regarded by the- members as an expense they can ill-afford but as a source of profit they cannot dispense with. In DeKalb county two organizers are now commissioned, and the Aid Degree has secured a foothold, and this alone insures a rapid advance in Alliance work. In Tipton county, while the meeting was not so well attended as on some former occasions, the members came for business and effected the auditing of the books long neglected, and this result in the finding over $75 ready cash in the treasury. The new county secretary, F. W. Gaiser, set a good example to the order by taking a life insurance policy in the Aid Degree. This is the sixth Aid Degree member in Tipton county. In Hamilton county considerable interest was manifested in the insurance department, but more practical results are here achieved in the purchasing department. Clay county has a crowd of Alliance hustlers. The quarterly session was held on an extremely stormy day, but the Lewis township house was nearly full of farmers who came in the morning bringing their dinners for an all-day’s business session. The most of these were young men of middle age, only a few being past the meridian of life. The keenest interest was taken in the new business features, and the purchasing agency is a source of profit, making the business order a pleasure instead of a burden. An organizer was commissioned for both degrees of the order, and the prospect is good for a strong Degree Lodge in Clay county in the near future. Greene county has called for an organizer, and two have been commissioned to organize in that territory. The Aid Degree has secured a footheld in five counties in this state, and the fire and storm insurance department is everywhere hailed with delight. The details of this feature are not yet ready for publication, but all county officers of the order desiring information will be supplied upon application to this office. C. Vincent, State Organizer. 374 W. Market street, Indian - polis.

Electric Bitters.

This remedy is becoming so well known and so popular as to need no special mention. All who have used Electric Bitters sing the same song of praise—A purer medicine does not exist and it is guaranteed to do all that is claimed. Electric Bitters will cure all diseases of Liver and Kidneys, will remove Pimples, Boils, Salt Rheum and others effections caused by imdure blood.—Will drive Malaria from the system and prevent as well as cure all Malarial fevers. —For cure of Headache, Constipation and Indigestion try Electric Bitters—Entire satisfaction guaranteed, or money refunded. —Price 50 cts. and §I.OO per bottle at F. B. Meyer’s Drug Store.

What makes a house a home? The mother w T ell, the children

rosy, the father in good health and good humor. All brought about by the use of DeWitt’s Sarsaparilla. It recommends itself. A. F. Long & Co., Druggists.

Say, Farmers, G. M. Wilcox at Surrey, is selling galvanized two point hog wire at §2.50 per 100 pounds.

AN ASTONISHING OFFER.

A Ten Cent Pamphlet and a 50Cent Paper One Tear for Only Ten Ceas. A sixteen-page paper (four columns to the page,) The Monthly Sentinei of Chicago, every month In the year and a copy of that famous little book entitled “Ten Men of Money Island” for only Ten Cents! S. F. Norton is the editor of the paper and author of the pamphlet. The Sentinel has been first and foremost in the great battle for reform for sixteen years. This fact is sufficent guarantee that the above offer is made in earnest, and will be faithfully carried out. The regular price of The Monthly Sentinel is fifty cents a year; the pamphlet is 10 cents, postpaid, yet both are offered for Ten Cents. The on 1 - condition is that not less th a. ten names shall be sent at on. time. Papers will be sent to a many different addresses as r< quired. Pamphlet will be mailed as soon as names are received. Address, S. F. Norton, 544 Ogden Ave., Chicago, 111.

Contract Let.

Last Friday was the day set by the county commissioners for the letting of the gravel roads contracts for this township, and the consequence was that contractors were numerous on this occasion. At 1 o’clock p. m. the commissioners met and read the bids, and after due examination of those filed, the contract was awarded to Curtis & Hawkins, of Remington, for the building of the three roads for $34,605.75, which is just $5,022 less than the original estimate made by the viewers.

The commissioners have appointed James F. Watson as general superintendent of the work. The road will be commenced in a short time and must be completed within fifteen months after the letting of the contracts. We are glad that home parties secured the contract, which should mean the employment of home labor.

I. J. Porter was exhibiting files of the Rensselaer Gazette, last Saturday, which were dated 1858 and 1859. It was edited by Dan Davis, whom some of the older inhabitants will remember. The files were in fair state of preservation and should be laid away for reference in the future.

Miss Jennie Miller took the scholars of her room to the foundry, last Monday, to show them the manner of moulding hot iron, so that they may write essays on what they saw. It will be an entertaining lesson for these young minds.

The pleasant weather caused good turnouts at alt the churches last Sunday. People who have been housed up during the past winter took advantage of the beautiful day and large congregations at the churches was the result. It might be a good idea to clean out the watering trough at the public well in the court house yard. It is filthy in every sense of the word, and is a splendid breeder of disease.

Since our last report, marriage licenses have been issued to R. H. Gibbon and Maggie I. Baker, Frank L. Clowry and Sarah L. Meigham. We are in receipt of a copy of “Ten Men of Money Island.” It is published by the Sentinel, Chicago, 111. See announcement in another column. Spring millinery is making its appearance, and some of the designsand colors are “in it,” certain.

J. O. B. McDougle, of Remington, was here last Friday and gave this- office a-friendly call. J. W. McCleary, of Blackford, called at this office last Friday. The spring weather brings out the birds and straw hats.

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SEE THE WORLD’S FAIR FOR FIFTEEN CENTS.

Upon receipt of your address and fifteen cents in postage stamps, we will mail you prepaid our Souvenir Portfolio of the World’s Columbian exposition, the regular price is fifty cents, but as we want you to have one, we make the price nominal. You will find it a work of art and a thing to be prized. It contains, full page views of the great buildings, with descriptions of same, and is executed in highest style of art. If not satisfied with it, after you get it, we will refund the stamps and let you keep the book. Address H. E. Bucklen & Co., Chicago, 111.

Squire Castor was taken to the Keeley Institute, at Dwight, 111., the first of the week, to take the gold cure for the whisky habit. We hope this will be h satisfactory cure, as Squire is the best workman in his line ip. Rensselaer, and is a smart, well read man, but his great fault is the love for the intoxicant.

A very refreshing rain fell last Wednesday afternoon. It made the buds on the trees swell to bursting, and the grass to push upward with vigor. The rain is a boon to gardens that have just been planted, and if a cold snap does not overtake them, we will have some early gardens.

The Rensselaer Symphony Club is making rapid progress under the able direction of Prof. Beck, who is a most competent and thorough teacher. He now has a class of twenty-one scholars. He will shortly move bis family here from Middletown, Ohio.

The Monon will sell excursion tickets to Indianapolis and return, on account of the People’ Party Convention, for $3.30. Tickets will be placed on sale May 22nd and 23rd, and aregood returning until and including May 25th. W. H. Beam. Agent.

The ladies of the Free Will Baptist church will give a sup-, per to-morrow (Saturday) evening, in the Nowels Block. They are making extensive preparations and are deserving of your patronage. Supper, 25 cents. Everybody invited. Rev, Jackson and wife, evan* gelists, arrived here from Minnesota, last Saturday, and begun a series of meetings at the Free Will Baptist church, on Sunday evening. The meetings will continue for some time.

Mr. Soucie, of the firm of Chaugnon & Soucie, was here this week, looking after his business interests. Their stock of goods will probably be moved to St. Anne, 111., shortly.

T. W. Haus and wife attended the funeral of the latter’s father, James Ray, at Westville, in LaPorte county, the first of the week.

Elder J. L Brady will preach at the James school house 8f miles South of Rensselaer, on Sunday April 22, at 3 p. m. The foundry made a successful run the first of the week. The town was full of tax pay. ers last Saturday.