People's Pilot, Volume 3, Number 28, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 29 December 1893 — Page 2

A BELATED REPORT.

Bocrotary Carlisle Tell 3 ol® the Treasury’s Needs. g He Recommends a New Issue of Ronds, a Tax on Legacies and Incomes, and an Increased Tax on Spirits. OTHER RECOMMENDATIONS. Washington, Dec. 22. —The annua, report of Hon. John G. Carlisle, secretary of the treasury, was transmitted to congress Wednesday. Tlte secretary estimates the revenues of the government for the fiscal year which will end on the 30th of next June at $430,121,UU3, and that the expenditures for the same period will amount to 1458,121,000, leaving a deficit of $28,000.003 on ihe year. He mentions that there are Pacific railroad bonds, known as “currency sixes,” issued In aid of tho Pacific railroads, falling due within the year 1834, to the amount of $2,362,000, which must be paid, at maturity, and recommends that congress lake action at this session to provide for them. He suggests as a means of enabling the government to promptly meet the emergency, and provide a larger reserve fund several courses of action One is the issue of 3 per cent five year bonds, in small amounts, to be disposed of through the sub-treasuries and post offices to our own people. Another, the issue of fifty million dollars in one-year, 3 per cent bonds at par. Until the effect of the repeal of the Sherman silver purchase law is more fully developed he does not consider it advisable to recommend further specific legislation on that subject He favors legislation to authorize a more extended use of stiver certificates. He refers to the ©pinion of his predecessor and of the late attorney genera! that the gain or seigniorage resulting from the coinage of the silver bullion as it progresses constitutes a part of the general assets of the treasury, and states that he has ordered the mints at New Orleans and Sa.x Francisco to be kept in readiness to commence the coinage of standard silver dollars at any time when required. He champions tho system of substituting ad valorem duties tor specific duties in tho collection of customs, aud recommends an increase of ten cents a gallon in the internal revenue tax on distilled spirits; the imposition of additional internal revenue taxes on cigars stnd cigarettes, the imposition of new taxes on playing cards, cosmetics, perfumeries, legacies and successions, and incomes derived from investment in stocks and bonds of corporations ami joint stock < ompanics. In speaking of the possible i3.sue of bonds the secretary says: “In the present condition of the public credit nothing less than the existence of a great and pressing financial emergency would, in my oniuion. justify the issue and .sale of any of these classes of bonds. ‘•lf the authority now existing snoutd be so modified as to empower the secretary of the treasury to issue the bonds in denominations or sums of 325 and its multiples they could be readily disposed of through the sub-treasuries and post offices w ithout the agency or intervention of banks or other financial institutions and without the payment of commissions Such bonds would afford to Ihe people at large an opportunity to convert their surplus earnings into a form of security, which, while it would be perfectly safe, would not only increase in value by reason of accumulating Interest, but be at all limes available as the means of procuring money when needed, and the experience of this and other countries justifies the confident belief that such a p.au uould be popular aud successful. Con■gress afoue has the power to adopt such measures as will relieve the present situation and enable the treasury to continue the punctual payment of all legitimate demands upon it, and I respectfully but earnestly urge that immediate attention be given to the subject.” Secretary Carlisle sayS’- that at the date of the resumption of specie payments, January 1, ISTa. there were of the old legal tender notes to be redeemed, and the secretary of the treasury considered that $103,003,000 would constitute a sufficient basis for the maintenance of that amount of currency at par. Hut since July 14, 1830, auditional treasury notes have been issued to the amount of 5155.033.U40, of which there are tow outstanding $158,318,224, making the government obligations in currency $499,909” SMt In addition, he says that there nave been coined under authority of the law $413,332,550 in legal lender silver, upon which certificates have beeu issued, to the amount of $334 138,504. "With reference to this matter the secretary says:

“Under these circumstances it is, in my opinion, necessary not only that the secretary should be clothed with full authority to procure and maintain an ample reserve in coin, but Ibat the purposes for which such reserve is to be held aud used should be made ns comprehensive as the duty imposed ujxm him by the law. The existence of Buch authority in a constantly available form would of itself inspire such confidence in thj security and stabiliiy of our currency that its actual exercise might never become necessary, but the futility of declaring a specific policy and withholding the means which may become necessary for ns execution, is too apparent to require comment.” After detailing the recent efforts of tho treasury department to maintain the hundred million dollars reserve, he continues: “So long as the government continues the unwise policy of keeping its own notes outstanding to circulate as currency, aud underiakes to provide for ilieir redemption in coin on presentation, it will be, in my opinion, essential for the •secretary of the treasury to possess the means, ■or to have the clear und undoubted authority to secure the means which may from time to time become necessary to enable him to meet such emergencies as the one which has recently occurred in our financial affairs.” The secretary says that the amount of money lu the country outside of the treasury oil Dccom* -ber I, 1c93, was $112,434,047 greater than the Mount outstanding on November 1, !532, und insist* that it is greater than is required for the transaction of the business of the people at tbm time This is conclusively shown, he says, by the tact that the money has accumulated! uud is still accumulating, in the financial centers to such au extent as to constitute a. serious embarrassment to the banks in which it is deposited. The secretary Bays that the money does not create business but business creates a demand for money, and until there is such a revival of industry and trade as to require the use of the circulating ■medium-now outstanding, it would be hazardous to arbitrarily increase its volume by law, or to make material changes in its character by disturbing in any manuer the relations which its different forms now bear to each other. .secretary Carlisle says that one of the principal difficulties etieouutered by the treasury -department results from the indisposition at the public to retain standard silver dollars and Bilver certificates in circulation. The secretary dqes not know why this should be, and adds; *• “With the policy of maintaining equality in the exchangeable value of all our currency firmly established and the further accumulation of silver bullion arrested, there is no substantial reason why the silver certificate .should not be favorably received and as liberally treated by the public as any other Sana of note in circulation, and for The purpose of creating a greater demand for their permanent use iu the daily transactions of the people, I have directed that, as tar as ihe law permits, and as rapidly as the opportunity is afforded, the amount of such certificates of denominations less than $lO ahull be increased by submitting them for larger ones to be retired and that the small denominations of other kinds of currency shall be retired as they are retired into the treasury -an 1 larger ones substituted in their places. J am of the opinion that if this policy can be ■carried out to the extent of supplying the country with small silver certificates to an aptouut sufficient to conduct ordinary cash transactions of the people, and if, during the aatne t.rne, certificates of the largest denomiuatfohs were issued in the;plaees of others retired, so as to encourage ti.o national banks to told them as parts of their lawful reserves, the existing difficulties would be removed, and ultimately a larger amount of such eurrenov than is now in circulation could be conveniently and «uie<y used.

‘•in order that the department might be in a Condition to comply promptly with any increased demand there may be made upon it by Che public for sfcaudard silver dollars or silver certificates, or that it might take advantage of car favorable opportunity that may occur to put an additional amount of such currency in -circulation without unduly disturbing the monelary situation, I have caused a large amount of bullion to be prepared for coiuaee at New Orleans and San Franeisco, and have ordered the minis at those places to be in readiness to commence operations at any time when repaired. ” ITiie secretary then submits some suggestions ■upon the general principles involved in the proposed revision of the tarifT laws and says that the only proper purpose for which taxes can bo levied and collected is to raise revenue for the support of the public service end the payment of public obligations 'This should be collected with the least cowl hie injury to any part of the people but without regard to the groundless apprehensions or unreasonable opposition of timid or •elfish interests. He declared that nothing but Oho plainest necessity can justify the imposi'tton of specific or compound rates of duty in any case. He says that taxation according to 'Value is distinctly American and does injustice 4q no one. V.t. Carlisle Is in favor of cheapening the nec-CBs-tr.xs of life for the masses oi the people and

taxing luxuries and articles of taste an« fashion to the highest point In alluding to the raw materials, he says: If the world's store of raw materials were as accessible to the American workingman as it is to his competitor in other manufacturing countries his superior skill, sobriety and industrial habits would enable him. without financial aid, to supply many parts of the world where his products are now never seen with machinery, implements and various kinds of textile fabrics of such qualities and at such prices as would exclude all competition and create a demand for a large increase of our productive forces. With free raw material as a permanent fixture of our revenue legislation the demand for labor would steadily grow with the extension of trade, wbils enlarged opportunity for the profitable investment of capital would stimulate the spirit of enterprise among our people and greatly diminish the danger of periodical suspensions, lockouts and strikes, which have In recent years so seriously interrupted our industrial progress. The secretary then comes down to the revenue and the means of raising it and says: “It is estimated that the revenue for the fiscal year 1895 will amount, upon the basis of existing laws, to $454,427,748, and that the expenditures, excluding the sinking fund, will amount to $448,353,789. The estimated revenue from customs is $193,003,000, and the total estimated receipts from all sources will exceed the estimate of expenditures $0,123,958. Assuming these amounts to be approximately correct, it will be necessary in any changes that may be made in our revenue laws to provide for raising about $184,303,000 from customs alone, or partly from customs and partly trom such other subjects of taxation as congress may see proper to include in our internal revenue system. lam of the opinion that an increase of $50,000,000 to the revenue for the fiscal year 1804 by the imposition of additional taxes under tho internal revenue system will supply sufficient means for the support of the government “I have reached the conclusion that it can bo mostconvemently and justly raised by increasing the tax on distilled spirits 10 cents per gallon, and by additional taxes on cigars and cigarettes, and the imposition of new taxes on playing cards, cosmetics and perfumeries, legacies and successions, and incomes derived from investments in stocks and bonds of corporations and joint stock companies.” The secretary,‘after stating why distilled spirits, cigars, etc., should be taxed, says: “Taxes upon legacies- and successions and incomes acquired from investment in stocks and bonds of corporations and joiut stock companies are less objectionable in their nature and in the methods of collection than any other excises which it is competent for the United States to impose upon incomes according to their actual value or amount. They are not inquisitorial nor liable to evasion by tho fraudulent suppression of facts.because the assessment* or returns need not be based upon information extorted by the law from the persons charged with their payment, but upon the public records aud the regular ana authentic accounts of the corporations and companies in which tho iuveslments have been made: and they have the additional merit of being imposed entirely upon that part of the citizen's income v.-ffieh is not earned by his labor skill, but which in the cases of legacies and successions is acquired uy mere operation of law or by gratuitous bequest. aud in the case oi incomes from investments in corporations and joint stock companies by the simple earning capacity of his capital as such without personal effort on his part. A tax of 1 per cent, upon an income of $3,030, derived from Ihe investment of $50,U00 in a ti per cent stock would amount to S3O, a sum so insignificant that the investor could not reasonably claim that the franchises and privileges granted to his debtor had not added fully that much to his receipts." The secretary concludes his report by urging congress to practice the strictest economy in public expenditures consistent with an efficient administration of the law. He reminds the representatives that reductions of taxation cannot logically be insisted upon or fnade practically betielicial without a corresponding reduction of expenditures. On the subject of the sugar bounty the secretary simply says: . "I respectfully call attention to the various recommendations contained in the report of the commissioner of internal revenue and ask their favorable consideration by congress." in regard to the condition of affairs in the sea Islands of South Carolina, Secretary Carlisle only refers to the work done by ihu marine hospital .service and adds: "This work, purely of a sanitary nature, is to be supplanted by tiie efforts ot the lied Cross society in relieving the physical necessities of thq people.”

A WILD SCENE.

A Turbulent Session of the National House of .Representatives Mr. Cock- ' rail’s anti Mr. Houtelle’s Resolutions. Washington, Dec. 22.—The following; is a brief account of the exciting scenes in the house on the 19th: Immediately after the reading of the journal 1 Mr. Cockran (dent, N. Y.) offered his resold- i tion to appoint a special committee of seven to ' investigate the alleged attempt of the last ad- | ministration to annex territory to the United ! States without consulting the house of repre- i seutatives and to inquire into tho rights of the ! house in the premises. The resolution had no j sooner been read than a dozen men on each ! side of the house rushed toward the bar of the : house crying for recognition. In the meantime Mr. Boutelie (rep. Me.) at- ■ tempted to offer his resolution declaring that ! the prerogatives of congress had been invaded ! by the policy of the administration and declar- ! lug that policy inconsistent with the spirit of j the constitution aud the traditions of the re- | public * Amid great confusion the speaker finally ruled that under the rules Mr. Cockran’s reso lution would go to the committee on rules without a motion, and the resolution was so re- I ferred. Mr. Boutclle finally got the floor-to discuss the question as to whether his resolutioA was i privileged. “The message of the president,” he said, "indicates that this country may be ' involved in war with a friendly power. For all we know the arms of the United States may be even now pinioning with their bayonets a friendly nation With whom the mass of the people of this country sympathize.” He said it was the imperative duty of congress, reluctantly recognized by the president, to disavow, discredit and reprobate a policy designed to bring the country into discredit in the eyes of the civilized world. “I care not whence this policy •emanates,” continued Mr. Boutelle, “whether from a renegade republican or a democratic usurper.” The confusion that followed the word "usurper” drowned the rest of the sentehee. He continued to talk amid loud cries for order, and the speaker at last, with the aid of his gavel, brought the house to a stands till. Belore the gentleman from Maine had fairly launched his next philippic Speaker Crisp suddenly swept the ground Trom under him by deciding that the resolution should be referred directly to the committee on foreign Mr. Boutelle and Mr. Dtng|ty (rep.. Me.) then attempted to argue the question relating to the decision of the chair, but the speaker was obdurate. Amid great excitement he ordered ail gentlemen to take their seats, declaring he would hear no gentleman until he had formally discharged hia duty by a decision upon the point of issue. The speaker then delivered his decision in a calm, quiet tone, though he was evidently laboring under the general excitement prevalent in tne house, and referred the resolution to the committee on foreign affairs. Mr. Boutelle immediately appealed from the decision of the chair and Mr. McCreary moved to lay the appeal on the table. This motion prevailed—lß3 to 80.

THREE LEFT DEAD.

Desperate Dattie with Illicit Distillers in an Ohio Town. Lima, 0., Dee. 22. — For some time a gang of moonshiners have been occupying the northwestern part of the state, and although the revenue Officers have scoured the country for them they have been unable to find their stills on account of the dense woods and uncivilized country. Tuesday night the gang visited the town of Latty and took possession of the place. It was not long until they became involved in a fight and revolvers were used. When the fight was over it was found that three o ( the number were dead. The others fled arid have not been found. The fellows came from Kentucky and are a desperate lot

MacVeagh Is Confirmed.

Washington, Dec. 22. —Wayne MaoVeagh was confirmed as ambassador to Italy at the slu'rt executive session of tho senatei 1

ANOTHER VIEW.

Tne Tariff Bill as Regarded by Republican Loaders. The Minority Report on the Wilson Measure Presented to Congreit-Thclr CrittcHm of tli© Proposed Changes. CONDEMNED BY REED. Washington, Dec, 23. —The report of the minority members of the ways and means committee on the tariff bill was Bubmitted to the house Thursday. The first part of the report, discussing the bill generally, was prepared by exSpcaker Reed, The other members of the minority—Messrs. Burrows. Payne, Dalzell, Hopkins and Gear —prepared the portion of the report dealing with special features. The report says: The most surprising thing about this bill is the fact that this proposition lo raise revenue will lower the revenue of this country $74,000,000 below the revenue of 1893, which was only $2.031),000 above our expenses. This fact and the other fact that by this bill the larger part of the burden of taxation is transferred from foreigners and borne by our otVn citizens should always bo kept in mind during the discussion. Had the committee, in making what the chairman on the floor of the house has called a “political bill” followed the plain uncompromising declaration of the party which they represent, and abolished protection, giving us a tariff lor revenue only, our task in commenting upon the result of the committee s efforts would have been much more simple. The bill would then have been a straightforward, manly attempt to carry out pledges and would havq placed in i.jsue two groat principles and have led to a clear and comprehensible discussion. So far, however, have the committee departed from the demands of their national convention that we should have teen much tempted to borrow a phrase from their ov. n platform and i designate the bill as a “cowardly makeshift,” were it not that the results have b.een already too serious for mere epithets. Such a phrase, even thus sanctioned, would be out of place in a discussion which involves so much of im portance to all classes of citizens It still, however, remains a fact that tho bilbpresented j can in no way be justified by people who claim I to have obtained possession of all branches of ! tho government upon a distinct promise, which I they now as distinctly repudiate. If it should be said that the pledges, solemn- ' ly made on a yea and nay Vole, after full discus- | sion, wef<s not intended for action, then the I breaking of the pledges has the additional dis- j advantage of premeditation. If subsequent i events have convinced the committee that the democratic platform is utterly wrong and inde- ; sensible as histor# will know it to be, then it is a great misfortune to this country that tho committee did not have the courage to openly abandon the false doctrine and leave the country undisturbed, so that it might convalesce from the shock of its great mistake. But the committee, instead of proceeding in its great work of abolishing protection and preserving tho peoplo from the load of taxation which they have always averred was the result of protection, has presented a bill which is only another tariff tinkering bill, the like of which has disturbed the conditions of business so many times the last thirty years, it is a great misfortune that such is the case, for had the bill been for revenue only, in the only sense possible for that term, the people of this country might have seen at one glance whether they desired the one poiicv or the other, and the question might havo been settled once for all, and the country might have attained to that repose, stability and certainty which our business prosperity so much needs.

Why Change a Good Law? As to the new plan, the very first question one is disposed to ask is: Why disturb existing business relations if there is to be no change in principle? If wo are still to have protection, why take this time to cause a readjustment when the business conditions are of such a character that the greatest, amount of disaster will be tho result? This other and fresher plan has all the faults which the framers of this bill charged upon tho old. and very few ot its virtues. It is open to ail the derisive and harsh epithets with which the present system used to he overwhelmed. It taxes the people with tariff taxes. It creates, or rather proposes to maintain, what they used to call privileged classes, and is defended by its authors by arguments and expressions strangely like those which they used so hotly to denounce. “Free Raw Material.” The new plan involves a now method of encouraging manufacturers by giving them what is called “free raw material,” so that what goes into the mill pays no taxes and what goes into consumption pays all the taxes. The manufacturers pay no taxes on what they buy and the people the equivalent of taxes on nil they purchase. It unfortunately happens, also, that “free raw material” is an elastic term, and what is one man’s free raw material is another man’s finished product The manufacturer in Massachusetts is told that he is to be encouraged bv having free lumber to build nis factory and to pack his goods, but inasmuch as that very lumber thus made free is tho Maine manufacturer’s finished product no wonder the democrats of Bangor, the mills on tho Penobscot being unable to move a saw, denounce “class legislation” with, a new appreciation of what class legislation really means. And with the dwellers on the Penobscot sympathize the lumbermen in Wisconsin and Michigan, tho Pacific slope, Alabama, Georgia and Florida No doubt theminers in Michigan struggling tnis very moment with starvation realize that the most odious class legislation there can possibly be is the legislation which protects labor iu the mill and leaves it in the mines to the charity of tie great cities. Needs of American Wool.

If the woolens of America need, as thi3 very bill assumes, 30 and -10 per cent, to enable them to have a fair chance in our own markets, where is the unlimited foreign trade which awaits them in countries where they are stripped of the 30 and 40 per cent, protection and obliged to pay freight and all other charges and light business connections existing tor scores of years? All the objections so often urged by the dominant party against the existing system, we repeat, be agaiast this bill. The difference is only one of degree: if the present system oe “robbery.” as these men have iterated and reiterated, the proposed system is precisely the same. t It is true the consumer will no longer pay tribute to the western farmea for the wool of the sheep, but the New England and other manufacturers are still authorized to lay tribute upon the citizens of the United States who must pay, so these men have always paid 30, *0 and 45 per cent, to the manufacturer on every yard of woolens and wpnsteds. while the country will only receive, by way of revenue, a lessened sum, unless increased importations signalize the diecay of American production, it is true that the coal miuers of \V< st Virginia and the ore producers of Michigan will be stripped of their so-called robber gains entirely, and the railroads must lose the transportation of millions of tons of freight; but the manufacturers are thereby stimulated; and aided so.that they can, as the eommitleeasseverate, still continue their profitable business here and reach across ahe ocean for the business of other countries and foreign tradewithout limit. Labor and the- Tariff. The moral and social well-being of a nation dees not depend so much; upon its absolute wealth as upon the yearly distribution of this yen) ly gain. Whatever cats be said of the people ftf the United States, nothing can be more truly said than that the distribution off the proceeds of united labor and capital lias been among them more even and fair than anywhere eif e on earth. There have beengreat accumulations of capital necessary for the world’s daveiopment all over the universe, but in the United States all this has been accompanied t>y the nearest approach to general distribution that the world has ever seen. This has not beta all owing to the tariff, but the tariff has been tbe j foundation of it Labor organizations have played a great and useful part in this iffisir.button. Men in general who employ labur are no more naturally disposed to pay high wages under tariff than those who exploit the laboring man under free trade, but the tariff, liny giving steady employment under the influence or a Bure market, by establishing the organization of industry under the factory system, has given to organized labor the material to won; upon, the fund of which it hits dernandeddistribution. Protection has established the clusters of great manufacturing and working centers which have given railroads the possibili'y of existence which no scattered population could ever have created. The railroads which these great manufacturing towns and their need of transportation of freight have built are sources of enjoyable wealth whioh are not confined to the protected imi us tries, but are spread through all *he business of the United States &>nd in Europe to tie comfort and happiness of all the people. "Without being guilty of that attempt to press the question into a nutshell, which is the bane of economic discussion, it may he briefly said that every product which pot's to market most meet every other like product on equal terms. If in tho United States there are higher wuges and a higher cost of capital there must be such barriers against goods from abroad ns will equalize these hlgl or costs, or the products of the Uutieii states canuot be uold cxAptava

loss, tnles at a loss cannot iocs continue. It mat be nattering to our national vanity to b« toln ihat our workmen, being Americans, are so touch abler than other/ beyond sea*; that they can there tor do much more work that the higher wages will continue as a mark ot their superiority But much a* we would like to believe this Inert are no maaufacturing figures which justify the assertion. A Demand tor Lover Prices. There Is also a constant jemand for lower prices, which demand has to be listened to In • country always striving toward a higher plane of civilization. We have, therefore, before us always three problems—wages to be maintained. hours of labor to be lessened, and prices to be lowered. Not one, but all. It Is true that Invention al once keeps pace with and regulates the demand for higher wages and lower prices and fewer hours, which are the conditions of our higher plane of civilzation. but it cannot do more. It cannot meet in addition the lower prices of a lower level of civilization. Our Inventions are too quickly absorbed by foreign countries to permit this. Hence the result of a refusal to protect our labor at its present rates must result in lower wages. Some men soothe themselves with the thought that perhaps some return will come from the cheapness of things made abroad, without thinking that all that is made abroad by this plan is but labor unemployed and unpaid here at home. But while this easy solution of the problem is simple enough on paper, it will prove very uncomfortable in practice. Men who have worked at one rate of wages cannot bo easily taught In real life that it is just as well to work at a lower rate. Another Question of Wage*. There Is also another view of the question of wages which is not to be overlooked. Lessened wages mean lessened consumption. If wages were diminished one-balf, one-half our market for products would begone. Butwbile thisbillin Us principle, If it has any, is not unproteetive, It will be absolutely so in practice not only in Its direct reductions, but also in its indirect reductions sure to come from the change from specific duties to ad valorem, which is a marked feature of the bill. An ad valorem duty, as the name Implies, is one which varies according to thd price If prices CQu'.d be exactly determined nothing Would seem to be fairer than the ad valorem duty. But, unfortunately, prices are very much matters of opinion, on whitlb honest men may differ much and rogues much more. Inasmuch as the duty depends on the price, a cheat on the price is a cheat on the duty. If a piece of goods is worth 46 a yard and the duty is 25 per cent, the correct duty is $1 60. If the price be invoiced at $5 a yard and the fraud not detected the duty collected becomes $1 25, arid the ad valorem, which seems to be 25 per cent, becomes about 20 per cent-and not only is the government cheated out of its quarter of a dollar, but the manufacturer is cheated out of one-fifth of the protection his government hal promised hitsk Th:'s is not theory. It is within the experience of every merchant that goods which cannot be purchased at all in Europe can be purchased, duty paid In New York at lc wer prices than like goods can be purchased by the honest merchant who values them at itheir true market value and pays the duty demanded by the government, and yet these ad valorem duties thus objectionable have been Increased in number everywhere, being substituted in nearly all the schedules for specific duties. How the hill will act as a revenue raiser, and how it can act as an injury to the government and the producer both together, is well exemplified In the changes made in the pottery schedulo. Only an amount equal to two-fifths of the amount of the imports are made here, valued at #3,810,000. Nine millions and a half are imI ported. Under existing law the revenue obtained is 55,500,000. Under the proposed bill, if the manufacturers hold their own, and the most sanguino friend would not dream of that the loss In revenue would be 52,000.000. If the, manufactures were entirely driven out and all our wares should be imported the loss of revenue even then would be a 882,00). The crockery schedule seems hardly to be managed with a view to revenue.

It would of course be utterly impossible to follow into details the reasons which have induced the changes made by the bill. They seem to be the result ot information obtained in secret, and in nowise communicated to the republicans on the committee, All the public hearings and public testimony have been- set aside and the bill has been framed on information ot witnesses who havo not been cross-examined and whose testimony has not visited the light of day. Effects of the New Rill. While it would be impossible to specify the probable effects of this bill, u lew of the most important may be briefly touched upon. As to the future relations between Canada and the United States, it perhaps would not be decorous for us to talk fully, but there are those who believe that what they think is the manifest destiny of this continent is one nation and one market and one development Those who have that thonght. in their minds as they scan the bill will see how little this bill, i compared with existing law. conduces to that I end. Those on the other hand who -look upon the Dominion simply as another nation will be surprised to see how freely is accorded to her privileges and opportunities in derogation of those of our own citizens, privileges and opportunities for which the Dominion would be glad to give ample and unstinted concessions. By this bill they receive them all without i money and without price. Another serious general objection to the bill is that it decreases the revenue according to the calculations usually made by the treasury uepariment sis compared with 1893 about 174,090,000. This large deficit, coming as it does upon a depleted treasuryi is rather appalling in a bill for revenue only. How this great hole in our resources, as a nation, is to be filled, no one knows. At this date not even the committee knows itself, unless the president, anticipating in his message to congress the report of the committee on ways and means, shall afford to the committee itself its wished for clew. Against the consideration of such a bill creating such a deficit and leaving it unaccounted for, the minority vainly protested when the bill was laid before the committee. Who would dare, if of sound and statesmanlike mind, to create a deficit of 474,000,000 and blindly vote it with no plan in sight whereby the government could meet its expenditures? That same protest we make to the house and to the country. While as patrty men we might rejoice at its passage, as citizens of the United States we think the exigencies of the present time are superior to evea the most desired political advantage, and advise that the bill do not pass.

STRUCK BY A TRAIN.

Throe Men Killed by the Cm Near Greensburg, Fa. Greensbur®, Pa., Dec. 23. —Thursday evening at 6> ©-’clock four men who were walking on the track were struck by passenger engine No. 81 of the Pennsylvania road a quarter of a mile east of here. Three of them were instantly killed. The other escaped with a few scratches. The train was running very fast and the four men were hurled into a ravine 100 feet below. John Scott, an Englishman, the one survivor, knew only one of the men who were killed. He was Arther Cavenaugh,. He said that they had been working at McDonald as miners, and were on their way to Williamstown, Pa., where they expected employment.

TIRED OF HER LIFE.

A New Yo«k Lady Kills Hevsedf Because o i a Dissipated Husband. New Yoke, Dee. 23. —Mrs. Annie Geogha®, 21 years of age, shot and kiilid herself shortly after midnight. Her husband inherited a fovtune of J60,000i a year ago and since has been plunging heavily at the races. ' The entire fortune is said to have beendissi pateck Geoghan continued his reckless life, however, and at midnight his wife found him at the headquarters of a Tammany organization and with difficulty induced him to go home. She told her husband she was tired of such a life, and soon after they had retired she arose and shot herself iD the left breast. She died almost instantly.

Robbed a Sale.

Cedar Rapids, la. , Dec 2.3— -Burglars broke inco the dry goods store of McCarthy & Scl'indel, drilled the safe, broke the lock and secured S3OO. They also took a sealskin cape worth SIOO.

Police Kill Hungarian Peasants.

lb da Pesth, Dec. 23. —The police in Rubin, Hungary, killed five peasants who took part in a riot then. The mob was subdued.

STUCK TO HER STORY.

Kra Foy Passes Her Cross-Exam-ination Safely. Although Subjected to m Pitiless Ordeal, the ,Sow Fatuous Witness in the Conghiln Trial More Than Holds Her Own. MRS. FOY UNDER FIRE. Chicago, Dec. 28. —The hearing 1 of the Coughlin case was resumed Tuesday, Mrs. Foy taking the witness stand. She was subjected to a searching crossexamination at the hands of Judge “Wing, counsel lor Coughlin. He questioned her minutely as to the various times Coughlin is said to have visited her house and converse with her husband, but she answered promptly and apparently without evasioh. In reply to a question by Judge Wing, Mrs. Foy declared that no promises had been made to her by the prosecution. She admitted that she did not now love her husband. He had ceased to live with her since she had decided to go on the witness stand. Judge Wing then said: “Didn’t you accuse your husband of being the man who threw the bomb at the Haymarket riot?” | With face as white as death the witness raised her right hand and exclaimed: “Never in all my life.” ‘"Didn’t you go to Judge Grinnell when the anarchist trial was on and tell him you would swear your husband threw the bomb?” “Before God I never did.” “Haven’t the neighbors for half a block around your house heard you screaming that your husband threw the bomb?” “I never did,” said the witness, now almost hysterical. 1 Mr. J’-ottiun objected vigorously to the line of the cross-examination. Mrs. Foy almost broke down under the struin. “This is awful, judge,” she said, addressing the court. “This is too terrible.” The women in the courtroom were very much wrought up by the dramatic scene. Then the strain of the situation was further complicated by Judge Wing handing Mrs. Foy two letters which he asked her to identify as in her handwriting. She said the writing looked like hers and finally admitted that , she had written and mailed the letters, aud said that she had written them to Mr. Forrest. Witness examined the letters carefully and said that nothing had been changed in them. | Judge Wing asked Mrs. Foy if she had not tried to secure money from himself. She said he knew she had never asked him for money. Instantly Mr. Bottum objected and from the press table came in a deep voice: “Let her give the answer.” The remark was made iby John Devoy, a well - known Irish-American, member of the Cronin defense committee, and who is one of the reporters writing up the trial for a local newspaper. The court told Mr. Devoy that he must not make such a remark. Mr. Devoy apologized, and said that the remark was only intended for Attorney Bottum’s ears, but that he had spoken too loud. Mrs. Foy gave emphatic denials to insinuations through questions by her cross-examiner that she knew only what her husband had told her because the others would not trust her; that she had stated to others that if she could only connect Alexander Sullivan with the case she could get all the money she wanted from Mrs. Conklin and the Cronin committee; that she hail even told her husband that 1»6 was the cow-

ard that threw the bomb at the Haymarket riot, and that he ought to be on trial with Spies and the rest of them, and that she would go to Judge Grinnell and fix him. Judge Wing then j-ead the letter written by Mrs. Poy to- Attorney Forrest shortly before the latter’s departure to Ottawa in the interest of Coughlin, O'Sullivan and Burke. The letter detailed the knowledgefof the writer of all the circumstances attending the great crime, saying that her husband was one of the principal conspirators, and that he was a monsler and a drunkard ever since its the attorney desired to see her he could address her in a personal in a newspaper, to “Justice;.”' A postal card telling of her knowledge of the crime' and the sufferings of one who was innocent was also sent to Attorney Forrest with the announcement that she intended to visit the state’s attorney and tell all; that this was no idle threat,, and that she had suffered enough. The cross-examination closed and on the redirect the witness was asked to state about the asking of money by her from Attorney Forrest. The witness said that she told the attorney that she would much rather have him give her husband good advice and make him a better man. chat she would much rather have money honestly made by her husband than any other. “I wanted Andrew Foy to be a better man,” she said. She continued: “X said 1 had no money, and you (addressing Judge Wing,) said you hadn’t much money yourselves; that yoadidn’t get much out of the case, and I told you X wanted it distinctly ; understood that X didn’t come after money. Now, didn’t I say ithat?” To this Judge Wing made no reply. Both sides announced that they were through with Mrs. Foy, who left the stand, seemingly as cool as when she ascended it in the morning, and court then adjourned to 2 o’clock.

CAN'T COME IN.

Destitute Russian Jews Will Not Re Permitted to Land Here. Washington, Dec. 28.— Secretary Gresham has instructed Andrew D. White, United States minister at St. Petersburg, to investigate the newspaper statements that a large number of destitute Jews on the frontier would be furnished with sufficient money to come to the United States. The minister is requosted to apprise the Russian government that if the statements made are found correct immigrants of the class referred to will not bo permitted to land in this country.

ASSASSINATED.

I A Prominent Sullivan (lud.) Lawyer Shot Read on Street. 6cllivan, Ind., Dee. 27. —Lawyer John S. Hultz, of this place, was shot dead on the street here Sunday morning by a man who wore a wig and a mask. The wig was found afteavard in a pond on a line between the place where the shots were fired and the home of ex-Sheriff Willis. Willis is under arrest on suspicion of commitI ting the crime He claims to be inno- ! sent The shooting was done with a shotgun and the charges in both barrels ! were emptied into Hultz’ back. The lawyer saw the man coming toward him and turned to retreat. When the ■ first shot was fired Hultz turned ! into »a stable, and as he did |so the second shot brought him : down. He died almost instantly. The j assassin ran away and the stock of the 1 gun, the wig and face mask were ; thrown in the pond. Ex-Sheriff Willis j was arrested, but protests that he is in- | nocent- Several persons saw the shoot/ j ihg, but the disguise was so complete ; that they cannot say who did the killi ing - : ■ Within forty minutes after the shootj ing sufficient evidence was collected against Willis that if established will place his neck in great danger. A small boy saw the assassin in a stairway putting on the wig. When |he added a beard the boy be- , came frightened and took to his j heels. He says positively that the man j was “Lem” Willis. A hostler of the i stable who ran to the dying man was j told by Hultz that Willis had killed him. The man who threw the things in j the pond was observed and watched. , He went in the direction of the highj way. Willis was met in the highway , a few minutes later by a farmer who ' saw him go to a neighboring farrn- : house. Willis was coming to the city | with the son of this farmer. When he i met the constable the murderer wore rubber boots, and it is said that Willis | removed the rubber boots as soon as he j reached the house and put on shoes. The preliminary trial will be held December 28. I Hultz was shot several months ago by j the ex-sheriff, who found him in a compromising position in the Willis residence. Willis had been Hultz’ personal ! and political friend, and had done more 1 than any one else to secure the latter’s ’ election as prosecuting attorney, j When Willis, learned that there j was ground for the suspicion that Hultz and Mrs. Willis were too intimate he set a trap and with his brother caught the couple together. He fired several times and two bullets entered liultz’s body. The lawyer escaped to a friend’s house, where a physician dressed what were thought to be fatal wounds. Willis put Mrs. Willis in a buggy and drove to her father’s house, where he left her. Hultz recovered and Willis brought suit against him for §25,000 damages, not with hope of recovering anything, j but, as was said at the time, to crush j the lawyer or drive him out of town, ; It had the latter effect, but recently ; Hultz returned to Sullivan and announced through the newspapers that i he had come to stay.

GOOD FOR THE SOUTH.

All Large Factories Have Made Money and Paid Dividends. Augusta, Ga., Dec. 27. —The Chronicle says editorially: "In a year of unexampled depression, in cotton manufacturing in the eastern states the mills ot Georgia and South Carolina have been running on full time. With climate advantages, cheap water power and raw material at first cost all large factories have made money and paid dividends. Mills in and around Augusta have made a splendid showing for the year iust closed ‘‘The Augusta factory, capital $600,000;. paid 6 per cent, dividends; Enterprise Manufacturing company, capita $1750,000. 6 per cent.; Sibley Manufacturing company, $1,000,000 capital. 6per cent.;. King Manufacturing company, $1,000,000 capital, b per cent.; Graniteviile Manufactur i ing company, 600 capacity, 10 per cent. The | Langley Manufacturing company increased | its capital during the year from i 400,000 to SGOO,I 000 and will pay a semi-annual dividend of 3 per I cent on increased capital, The dividends of I these mills show that the south is the moat in- | vi ting field for cotton goods, and indications j are that in the near future factorieswill be ; started in this section. “In 1880 the south consumed 200,000 bales of cotton. In 1893 southern mills consumed. 600,000. bales There could be no stronger evidence of the south’s superiority over the north-in, its advantages for cotton manufacturing than during. the past year. | “Northern mills have been shut down while j mills, in the south have been running on. full j; time and have paid good dividends.”

HIS JUST DESERTS.

Tlse Invader of a Michigan Home Killed by Its Occupant. Grand Rapids, Mich., Dec. 27. —John G. Wonderham, of this city, Saturday night shot and instantly killed John Eikmen, aged 25. Wonderham nine years ago married a girl several years younger than himself and very pretty. Three months since. Eikr men met the woman, fell- violently in love with her* and continued to force his calls upon her during her husband’s absence. Saturday afternoon be called and informed Mrs. Wonderham that he would come to the house Saturday night and shoot every member of the family. Saturday evening he appeared with a double barreled shotgun heavily loaded and after trying the front door o 3 the Wonderham house went around to the rear entrance and attempted to force his way in. Here he was met by Wonderham, who leveled a shotgun and shot the intruderdead.

DECLARED NOT GUILTY.

Verdict of the Jury In the Case of Conductor Scott. Battle Creek. Mich., Dec. 27.— Alter being out an hour and a half the jury in the Conductor Scott manslaughter case rendered a verdict of not guilty. Scott was the conductor of train No. 6 which disobeyed orders and caused the collision here on October 20 in which vwenty-seven were killed and twenty-six wounded. The trial was the hardest fought legal battle that has been tried here; The prosecutor was assisted by Senator Clapp. Th* verdict gives general satisfaction.