Public Leger, Volume 4, Number 44, Richmond, Wayne County, 16 April 1828 — Page 1

NUMBER 44.

EDNESDAY, APRIL 1C, 1828.

J to

of other bieine6s, we are o-

. oniT a ha!f heet. It shall be made

. nrrcl

ip TllW '.--Congress is still principally em. TL, unen the detail of this hill; but there is no Tor .. . m,i,;fird n to rivR effec.

ctection to the ereai mai;wacioriug suirit.w

isai rrc'

c.fcr

ctvu'lry.

The dnties on wool and woolens,

bill, are ccnidcred peculiarly

..,rtpt! bv the

iSl Lmnd raipcuf. Mr. Mallarj, by two a-

r,t;i. , . . .

tenvorert lo cmain a nio'um nuuu ot

tfci

if.it

rr.u

irt, the bilk but tf.ey both failed, by conk . t - mini ihnw mntt ill.

' T H e scntimenUof the friends ofOen. Jack. tf'"' tci; And they speak a lunenage too

. u " 1 .1 - -. I

to hp .-tiis-uulefstooii, mai me ranuiutiur li

st re to be prostrated, if possible.

vie ea

GpX JAC KSON'S oriNIONS. ?fe gite entire ,vc corrf?riri,1fIlce btlwt, n Gt,v- Ray ba Gen Tukon, which has resulted from the resolutions of 1 Srn'te, adopted at the late session. The Sen aterJC-tPJ a direct ai.d explicit arowal of his o;?cs rca the entire American System, and GotRar a:'tr some excellent preliminary observations vuu!s a f w questions, which, if directly uu- ' would induce the desired information. But.aniious h the General is to be thought rrbote ,j ccsc:i!njen, ne i'0'' tl,e I olI,?t nn,J ronkes a ' T,;lie and ccmral remarks. In our estimation jl i is not t aiidiu and open conduct. If he is friend. ,"t, tK,jj policy, why not speak boldly and opcqni- . " - I I.LI. - f

vcaViV,nr.d ali!j at once mr i.iuwauie anxiety wi tv, rcop!e upon a point which they deem s import-

.r. The Senate and the people had the same .- . f ' rn 4 Y t lKr raw K;v

7rt Gencr il's ltfer tt Dr. Oi1bi;ti, to which he r a? shuwii-c hi opinion, has It Di; been before tr.f rutlio, hut it hn failed to i?e satilacton. t 1 I a - .J. HT. ..nt tttnt. In ilnl.lnl. I - 1

iv c: petite pojtioc. Now then ciin a reference t-th: lcttf r, which i so couitdetely artitiguous, sati' f ihe f op!e of Indiana ! It will not.

THE CORRESPONDENCE.

IaJhrtapolis. hid

January Gen. Andrfw Jack us,

15. 1nd y 20, 1G28. J

Sin: The undersigned cor-ceives it to be his dutv, lo present you

acrpv of a pr amhle and resoluticlis, wh cii wi re adopjfd or the 92d Inst, by the S i .it oftfie Stiite of Indiana', as you a i rrr i e bv the inclosed pheet of the

decorated his biw, cr sally tfcs bcrcb t2 has ncn; they niU long recollect nith pride and admiration the ccn?picuoc actors yho closed the scene of the last war; and inspired by the highest sense cf gratitude, they nill ever be amongst the first to step forward to vote immortal honors, ei-

ther to the illustrious dead or living; yet, i I iL. .1 .. . 1 J . 7

wncn ma sironj; piuars oi ineir country's i glory are threatened, to be torn down, they : hes:' x.te in conferring the nobtest trust in the power of freemen to bestow on any j man, hooevrr worthy and meritorious, un- ! til they receive a prior assurance of its ! rightful exercise, in accordance with their xcill and interest. Nature's laws seem to teach us, that states as well as individuals will consult their own intercut, preservation and pros-

pcrity,as me lirst great rule ol their conduct. And we are strongly admonished by ths histories of all nations, and our own sense of propriety, to be governed in our choice of j -olic servants by principles and measures; and not to allow our attachment to men fallable human nature however

ii ardent, to so completely overwhelm us with

person! feeling, as to cause the infliction I of an incurable wound upon the nation's j honor, the public liberty, or the just ex- ; pectafions of the citizen. Whilst it is admitted, that our land has her heioes and ' statesmen "who fill the measure of their ! country's glery," and command our best affections, let it ever be remembered, that ; it is incumbent on us to love our country

; more than the most conspicuous. And if

we shall see them all harmoniously putting their shoulders to the wheel, and continu- : ing to support those measures which we ! believe are essential to the rise, greatness j and security of the nation, it is believed ! that the unerring wisdom of the people, s will select the most worthy, and confer upj on him the highest honors; and powers ; known to the Constitution, i It cannot be concealed, that in this U- ; nion we have thiee classes of industry, agriculture, commercial and manufacturing, j each bavin? different interests and contenj ding for different principles. The framers ; of the federal constitution with almost pro

phetic vision, discovered the necessity of ! affording to each of these great branches an adequate protection. It was, that these departments of enterpizc and industry, ! might be effectually encouroccd 8c protected as zcell us for purposes of revenue, that varij ous article were ir serted in the constitu- ; tion, delegating express powers to Con- ! gres. For instance, Congress has power ! uivdh it, to lay duties and imposts, to pro-

i vide fur the common defence and general

I welfare of the U. Stale; to regulate com

merce at home or abroad; to establish

j3uri.n.s ol the rtte Cieneral Assembly ot the State; which said preamble and icso-

k j- are -in hec verba," as follows to j po9t offices and post roads, and to provide

for and maintain a navy. All those

; powers having been exercised frcm tin e

to time by Congress, with the vi;-w of cn-

j couraging or protecting those several classes

; of nponlr. It lias been eXDected or the

C r i ill .M'INUI'll lull". rtj ni in i " - i . . . I - I . i a . . ;.:' c the i,r,.o d.Mn.ruihed itni.wnhial ,n ll ntizens of the west, who inhabit a country

Virj.i.u. t!, C .n.in.if, Georeia, Tennessee, Al- j! at preterit purely agricultural, (bul, 8US-

;t:

V. b?r a. The friend of General Jarkson in the Viturri r-tittei, adcate hi eJ tun to Ihe I'ret. : lc ni the Umtf i itates on the (round of his tt::.f intndly to li.ternwl ln:;"roveci.t nts, and the 2 'T.'C ..' Tjf M 111"' II KU tHTltf, forth? iTotectlOll

it..tj:i i Miikij 1 1, advocate his rlms ta the petilibJe of manufactui ing an abundant

supply of necessaries) that no political cri

sis ever would arrive which would present the singular spectacle, of a Congress of the

United States assembled in the capital of

the nation, acting ui.de r an oath to support

the chart containing the aforesaid powers,

and attempting to prostrate rather than en

courage any of those numerous and respec

table classes of the American people. 13ut,

we have not been more astonished than a-

(armed, to witness, that within the last 3

f-'?r. m t-e rvatu ii, on account of his op oi-

.i :: t.) itt- -th.v"' ii.e fur, (r tjttedi ( policy l:fi rt, ft r the pur; of nnhlit p the itzen Ci'Ir, inr.n to ascertain what are the real sentil of Gtri ral J.i k.n, ind cite tliera an p ' 'r'un.tt to r.tf vriJerstani'i)if;ly sit the r. i I'fert.n! i. ction, in reftrtnet to theie great iui. .r-c', r.y thrnate, that hi Eiellcncy the C v :uot Lt rt c;ue tei faaddressa resretlful letttr t G '.rral Ai..:rH J;ifkon, intititijr him to tate f- itly, wh ther I e fi tor tdnt construction ol r :.'tit':ti..., of the 1'i.itf l i: t'ltet, whic h authoru v T t. -a t t ro, riate money for the purpose P. iku I firt.L.1 ri.iiit i nli in t h ktvcrnl

r , at, w ! etr -r he i in faorofuch a ayem of M years, the representatives in congress from

. ;..:,;. tr .f if ,,. f.t ,.i An,, rican n.ai.M- particular states, and whole state legisla V""luin !,1!c;t;ul,r; 'tfiial, t h concert, against all tar ' .!h:i;t to tuariiifartute it, exit in cur coun- 1 . t'S-ccureth M-atronareol oi.r own manufactures. j III lawt, intending to protect American 111

ln "txrhi.je n of thnte ff u rt icn cr untnt s, and du.-trv against European capital, art, und vr,,,t,Vl ir-",!u',of xU ' '''''M aiiainit appropriations from the common

...rr, tirj.iJ syhtm. treasury to improve our interior. And we i" W.Tui hi i xc eliVni y the Governor be have been especially aroused frcin the ap- -!, n.Mo,, a. I reci ues" the answer ofGen. ! a(,y n vhich we had reposed, whilst COll- - K r, to U -letter rontemidnted in the preredinc H ..J . . . .:

r- .;'..n.tnra.,.e the.uc to be pubtisl ed, to- j a" ,n ",C r-r ti , .r rf .oiutiotii, in the ntwipapers j! all those enumerated powers carried into

!-,. in.inknarohs. V f effect, by violent denunciations ot the

ou will now readily discover, sir. that I unconstitutionally of the "American ay

8i)oii are considered btfoie the Ameri- j tern,1' and internal improvements; which,

n people, as ; candidate for the first of- ; alone can bring the grain growing states

heir gilt, it i the object of these ! nearer to that equality with their southern

ui.ons to thru your present opinion in j sisters, which the bill of rights contem

t plates. II opposition nau oecu wi;i:u

gainst either of these systems upon the

ground of inexpediency, without attempt

ing to tear from the constitution some of

its most valunble parts, by a novel process

of construction too rigid for the safety of

the constitution or the country, that general sensibility which now pervades the land, w ould in a fjreat detjree have been avoided. You are doubtless well aware, sir, that you received the vote cf Indiana at the last election, under a belief that internal

improvements and dcme.tic manufactures

would be liberally patronised and encouraged under your administration; but now, when we hear your friends in nnd out of Congress, and the legisl iturej of the southern states, including ths cas ia which

..... limn if. D n II Pr to he dividing our hitherto happy ref"'"ic into two treat political paities.

t-aving been requested to address yoo i i'jlul letter, with respect to those car

, " " JMerels alluded ta j the resolution.

t,i , , remiss i' r. y duty to the disEiin 'r'11 i!ifJividual whose opinions are 'S' i r. Wt.re I not, as the organ of this t; fondence, to apprise y ou of some of nny reasons, which most probably in ir.it V - r0Urse to ,,e ,ak, n- 1Juf' P(r tflr UtM a"u,e that the peerle

u. tvneni in venerate me

oti; Ui Knral, who. nidi d by the hrav. ,s lf hedom, preserved New Orleans

ti w,ld 1 ro,y, fr,m ruthless inva

i;rf M,un; th,,y not pluck a

wreath with which fame has

you reside, all in yoar euprt, denouncing the suporters of this policy, branding them with dishonorable epithets, nnd proclaiming that they will support no man who is the friend of such measures, so vital

to us; and at the same time see these states announcing you as their candidate and enly hope to put down that policy; we, who have ever openly avowed our friendship for it, are brought to a pause, until we read from your own hand a determination on your part of friendship. We know that your rc!o would prove fatal to us, in closely and warmly contioverted points, and particularly so with respect to these measures. The people of Indiana are well aware, that when you were in the Senate of the United States, you gave such a support to these measures, as to leave an impression upon the public mind, that you approve of the principles we contend for, and believed in their constitutionality ; but we are not in possession of any evidence to prove to us how far you are willing to go, in imposing duties upon all articles produced or manufactured in other countries, of the identical game kind, which may be produced or manufactured in the United States from our own material. Nor do we know precisely what construction you may put upon the constitution, with regard to the right of Congress to make internal improvements through the several states. It is said that though you may have felt friendly to our policy when in the Senate, yet, that it furnishes no conclusive evidence, that you will be so as President, if elected by the states now in your support; inasmuch as you are supported now upon the open and declared intent of checking its progress against an administration friendly to it. It appears evident to me, that the state of Indiana, and f think all the western

i and northern states, can never support any administration or party understanding!, consistent with their true policy, composed of anti-tariff or anti-internal improvement men. It is possible, that the southern states, and perhaps the one in which you reside, may feel but little interest in I those protecting and dispensing measures alluded to; but with us they are nearly as I impoi iant as our liberty. We recogi ixe ' the fact, that the productions of southern labor, find a certain rnn ket abroad ; and ! from proximity to the ocean, are disposed ' of with facility, compared with the difficulty attending exchanges of the bulky and ; ponderous productions of the north and j west. The cotton of the south is battered at the woik shops ot Great Britain for cash ! or manufactured articles, -upon the very ; best terms. The productions of your soil j find a ready market in Europe from necessity which enables you to regulate your 1 own prices to sell high and buy low. A reference also to the many millions 'of dollars, that have been and are expending along the shores of the Atlantic, in viri tue of certain powers heretofore enumerated, constructing light houses, docks, navyyards, buoys, beacons, harbors, breakwa

ters, fortifications and other improvements for the benefit mostly of the commercial class, may with propiiety be permitted to shew thai our claims upon the treasury do not rest upon false premises.-

Our population and their condition, urge their pretensions to equal rights, upon the public ear. In this country a large majority of the inhabitants spend their days in the honorable employment of cul tivating (he soil, for a livelihood; and in this class of people, we shall always find the bulwark of the nation. They have no British sympathies, such as are ft It by many of the non-productive classes of the ere at commercial cities: but they are

Americans republicans in feeling and conduit. These patriotic yeomen, who dig their bread out of the ground with their own hands, have a principle about them, which bids a proud defiance to the seductive arts of luxury, and who will stand as towers of defence in this geat empire, when the mighty commercial cities of the east and couth may be convulsed with faction, and enslaved by foreign influence and wealth. Ch::II not this class, then, these farmers, derr.r.r:J the beneficial exercbe of a single power in their behalf, out of the many which nrc daily dispensing their blessings to ether branches of industry? What, sir, forbids this people from attending to their interests.? As consumers of imported articles, do they not py their

proportion into the czc!:rqucr of the nation ? What are their oppcrtu:::t:?s of acquiring the means of payees!? T l.zy cannot ex

change their pork cr beef, Ccsr, whiskry,

corn, or any thing which their ceil produces fer these article) they consume. European ports by unjuxt prchibiticr.a and restrictions, are shut against thtir produce.

The cities and manufactories of the two

Americans constitute thair only market.

Roads and Canals arc the remedy. These

denied us, we must inter into a non con-

cc::2t: optica nreecieat, as to cny impor

ted articles, change cur tr.ste, ar.rl aoac'don the use cf what we cannot make. Thur we shall be independent in reality, as wel". as in nnmo cf the Ucgsl peters on the oth

! er side of the great waters.

If the general government, however, ay a paternal exercise of the powers found in bur excellent constitution, authorizing the making of internal improvements, wouh , throw back amongst the people a portion of the money, which is constantly pas!n out of the country for merchandize ar.tl public lands, by aiding the states to make roads and canals, that the farmer tiny car ry off" the accumulating productions of the soil and labor, without being subjected to the present enormous tax, levied by bad roads and obstructed river navigation, up-' on every thing they raise for market, they could live in republican simplicity, nnd by long lives of temperance, industry and economy, enjoy the rich and abundant fruit? of an .incomparable country. Settled in' this excellent new territory, interspersed with fine streams, yet, requiring improvement, a salubrious climate, and the best government under the high arch of heaven; we must be indulged in claiming our just share of its benefit?. We ask for an exact equality in all things, and no more. If the public treasury is to tic unlocked for other purposes than to pay the common debt, equity requires that a part of it be circulated wherever a pound of tea is consumed or a yard of British broadclcth is Vended and worn. A careful view of the short catalogue of powers, which the states have delegated to the National Legislature, connected nnd compared with the local position of the west, and its increasing millions, must at once raise the grave and interesting inquiry into the particular powers which Congress can constitutionally exercise for i Is

i benefit, in equalizing the common treasure

of the Union amongst all its citizer.s. Wo seize upon the powers to reguU:e commerce, to provide for the common defence and general welfare, and to establish post ofljees and post roads, nr.d to lay duties and imposts, to sustain us in the belief that Congress is left neither upon constructi ve or doubtful ground, a; to authority to adorn and bless the co-iutry with internal facilities, for the common interest and glory of the people, and to call into action, encourage and protect their industry. Nor are these powers upon which the agriculturalist and manufacturer rely, les necessary to the successful operations of their honorable avocations, than indispensable to unite this great family of republics in a still closer bond of union, than without them, they can ever expect to arrive at. It may be emphatically said, that these powers constitute our principal inheritance in the public purse. All others must confine expendituies within particular tide water limits, to the seas, lakes & cities, to our exclusion, and for the spec ial accommodation and aggrandizement oi a portion of inhabitants, more unproductive and wealthy, but less meritorious than thu hardy pioneers of the forest, who, whether in peace or war, have always done their

duty. Virtually strike from the instrument containing them, those clauses, by omitting to execute their obvious spirit, and the western delegation in congress would be thrown into the humble attitude of begging for those things ntfavors, which they should be left at liberty to demand as rights. Estimating these vested rights thus highly we have been startled at the boldness and apparent candor which has characterized the conduct of the southern states, in the 6tand which they have taken against internal improvements nnd the domestic system which received their birth under the auspices of these powers. And finding these very states in your suport for the presidency, with the ostensible object of putting a period to all further legislation favorable to those measures to which we are so firmly wedded we arc subjected to the unpleasant neccrsity of soliciting you to fur

nish us with ycur opinion, ca the following points, to-wit: Do you believe that congress has power to appropriate money from the common treasury cf the Union, to make roads and canals; and do you believe that it is expedient for thea to creicise that power? Is it your opinion that Congress has power to mel'c internal improvements in and through state covereignlies, without the consent of the states; or, is it your opinion that, that bedy can only appropriate money from the trcc:ury, r.nd put it under the agency cf the ctatcs for application T And is it expedient to Co co? What creyourpTwrJ opinions of Tariff laws? How far are yea willing to go in imposing duties to protect American rr.-sufc-tures? Arc yoa the friend of ths Accriena system? Arc yea in fiver cf tfca rcc!!.r.3 bill which wes before b:t Ccs-rc::!