Public Leger, Volume 4, Number 5, Richmond, Wayne County, 30 June 1827 — Page 1

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If PKIEXDLV TO Tin; liKST PURSUITS OF MAX, FRlKXni.Y TO TI10UHTTO FRKEDOM, AND TO PEACE." Cowpcr. t ,::ir. IV. No. 5. RICHMOND, WAYNE COUNTY, INDIANA, SATURDAY, JUNE 30,1827. J A Whole N&.lelu. 161.

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ru"hrt .)' I ; -..'.i .ji.i rr,u,iu ;i m iyg., was a o in - '- -- i V200.000, is now about. 12.5 00,000. Yet

! the export of Hour in 170 ' v: AM i

,,r .....f.jv vi at--, i t r.ntaj.M, p:n ! n barms, 10.000 barrels more than in

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The diminution of thc export of wheat and Indian corn has also been great. Ti e

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manulHcturei b the reduction of

the duty on the importation of foreign j wool. I It has heen estimated that in our woolen J ma mi far tu res there is a capital invented

ii of 50.000,000. In consequence of the

stagnation that has taken place, some of those engaged in it have been ruined

j others hae discharged many of their work

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i V ' unifies hi 1 ju, anu j men and those who continue the busiiM. ! I--- was a5 tnllnws: j. ness, do not dt rive from it a maintenance.

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It is obvious that the prostration of a

hrailfh of mdiwtn . ivbi-h milt inlr f-irrti-

irpop,,!.,!,,.,,,.. 1790. 2.929 3 Jfc. ,,. ,e c;1)i(;. mo,t DroLce

vei y injurious results t the nation at large. Should no salularv alteration take place,

ij a considerable portion of this capital will

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l '''! ha mirt t!i in Irebled yet nut inciei! Iv tii value, hat tl:e ouantit, of our ex

'its of most of those articles on which the

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i " uii. iium Mnji owicr ci oiie nun j died and twenlv hvt: pn- cent. The duty on cotton, for the purpose o jencouragin- the culture of the south, was j three cents per pound, which is now from j forty to i'uty per cent, on the actual prices :jr wldch the ariicie fells in Alabama. : The duty imposed in 1709, on manufactured tobacco and on sr.uO", was six ccrds per lb. oj the former and eight- rents on the latter, expi t ??y intended to secure: : the consumption of the country to our to .baceo planters. This end it has fully ac jfomnlished; as the importation of foreign. jSNulIand tobacco has been insinilirant. ;Oa brown sugar, a necessary of hie, and I subje ct to a heavy h eight of about 15 per

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lieen ifreatlv reducpil. h . . . - - . . ..... accorumg 10 the nnccs in tie

I he domestic exports of the United j n.ir.:nP.. ti,,. f ;m vv 1 s horn oO to uj p r cent, for TimiM atjoa wa made bv the trea-orv u .k ; r . i 1 i i i aututiora!il y oi tlie pntei tion t bus af- . i .' . . i tlnveimmt dia'eh onuaued m the branch k,r,l,i t.ou ..X... . . ... i

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' ' "- imc:i,h .mil in..!..- I ,nI,irstion, but in tho variety of branches tir), wore ab,.nt ..i 3,000.000, rxclMV, j; xv,jv ans, c,)naU.ri,jv Ue r.ni OII it. , o. c.hot. and too icco. In 1 825.ex ludu N,l ?m;ll, rtion ()lhe c ,..,, wi )c ,a.?se arhel ...they were mdy .S23,9u.-1 ,3. ; (r:;n!iferr t, l0 tJie coor, maufacture,

wa. p.MH.cuou.o w.-u ua aao.u -uj w,- u w hj ,, ui bf. t re!)V crowded and ureal

:..ki. now a'uiiK l .vjuvj.i'jv. ians ;;lvi!j(1Ir(L Sm-POition lie transw al a ii is no ,.lv treb c !, die oxporf. ol r;.r .;.t ( ot,i(,r ;,raT;d c5 of lnil!illfartlireg II . ( . . . . : . . i i t i . r r . r i

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ind nroi.hico on them the sarr.e eerroriiaiis

CO our pr puh-tian ha dhrinHual our j ttU't. I'omI; ahhou-h the expo.t of manure-!' On'th-f.rmin-iotcrcst, already arellv tu.rs ha. i;K-re.:,(al above lour ioid. M d.-ro r-sed. it uiil opt rate very svxticU. It p.utaui to t,ko a lotrorect oi tae j; ;t w;j, ymihtU thc m;ilict for wo-0? ai;d ,:.?n-5 uhn h the cxd.Hon ot our pand ; lKV,;,. ,ht. ncv S).1S to tr-v in a gn at tsi h produced in the state ot 1 onnv lVa- ; m ,( tl d . , , rmt:I)t lo raj ,f.t,K

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to call for thc interposition tf iiova iiacent 1 ut this by 1.0 moans the w hole ef the v ; 1 ! a thai important interest. In addition, numbeis of peio!is encaged in the wooh-n brar.ciiuii) diert tin ir industry to a v.i iculture ;tnd thus ix t merely di-ndni-i, the maiket for t!.e necessaries of

io'e-tiioi:, f..rmer, ' or,,. a.., j;rodiicts ef the soil !,:,t b.. o d:ivvo t ee.; ;i,juriou. ii. create tl.e i;n nib?r of cultiva-

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' 'Vli'- gnad i:r;p- rlnnce to thc farmers, of a'- nii:, ' a tead inailo t for wool, is vast-

Vt 1 (:T1 q!-'!dU) y inrata sed h the depressed state of the ! v.shie id the expaiSc-f the pia-lm lian j mar!:cffor biead iiils, formini: as thev

; I id our hern have

votd'a r ot v',.i h l';ov have ! ?ci; d d I'l tie ir 1 : :t otato."'

:teresls has never been questioned.

j tar a3 regaids 10. tnuia aires, the j right of congress to protect them in that ! mode, was not only admitted in the first 1 congress, but strenuously advocated bv ;tbe. most distinguished 10 mi ers of that ibodv Ma'iison, Ames. Fi'Zsimons, Car-

Iroll, of Carrolton, Luvrenre, CIvmer, I Wadswortb, Doudinot, Sec. Sec. many of whom were members of the convention j that framed the constitution. The righ let it be most distinctly observed, was ncvj er once called in question in that congress. , The first act for raising a revenue by impost passed July 4, 1789, was headed ; 'Whereas it is necessary for the sup-. ! port of government, for the discharge of ! the debts of the United Slates, and THK IKXCOURAGKMKNT AND PHOT KG-' j TION OF M A X I T F ACT U RES, that du j ties be laid on good?, wares and merchau- ' dize imported." j In addition to these strong facts, general Washington, who had been president of i ti e convention, in his message of 1700,

particularly iccommended to congress the encouragement of manufactures:

j 4'Coiigrets have repeatedly, and not i without success, directed their attention j to the ENCOURAGEMENT OE MANj UEAC'I URES. Tins obj et is of t

j muca consequence 1 icj t to ensure a contin-

lTi 1 iinivai uM.jvtiu. mi. inv iiiuuiu ri VUiltlli" , . t;,e uram grrov,,;;: tate, connoc.cd j lhe grand staple of all the middle state, j! a;tice o' hcr r(I:!rts iu cvc way lhat ilno.yoea matter o. M:ipi:o h many, j; wllich ,,)nta:!l al ri0,cjl al Jea;t four nii i .h;;!I a p.HMr t.nii:,ble. Out'ht oai-cum-' .acaiTUnfed uilo ita- -aoject, how tan i; Ui,:, inhabitants. try to remain dependent on YoroiCn supiu ro :...Mr.p...ta.o I'doj ter . pan toi . j, Wheiithe existing state of things is ta j pv, precarious because liable to bL inter- , a wea;;.vve!. tl.atavoiy lar;:o a - ;i j..,,,, itl!n A i;MV we considt r the rapid nd jiupl0d? If thc ica-essary article should

ma-i at oi our p'.i!iiC ar.J Uivnte vcnn.ii'i v i'aehat hae been made within a few

!. ;. ';' --a 1 n.;:: d alfie :d t i that purpose ; ca is. 1 1 the introduction of ..team nnv

and !!eis t'.o cm.i atr.

!,.;bef n mortgaged j ;.:i;iolt, canals, and rail roads, and .ti e

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ptea l tlie necessary

in this mo Je cost more iu time of peace,' will not thc security and indei; ; di mh e theure arising, form a;i ample conions itionr Mr. Jeifersorrs me sage of December, 1C02, is to the same effect: To cultivate peace, and mail t -in commerce and navigation in all their lawiul

! enterprises; to foster our fisheries, as our-

series oi navigation, and t r the curirc

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!..r th :.r j iy m.:ut. It nvi-t tlc-retore h;ipy dest'n ies to wh'n h the cou'dry must bvio';s. that the interest of th-se s cm i - j- .,, c, -liould every breach of industry be tit ... producrd by tlie laboring clas ot our j,,v pattcctcd by "wi(! regulations, this r op. a try. an. -air.ting probably to above j! rh'lv feel thertiselve? iniperiousl) called .x J.C00.Q90 annually, is appropriate.! to t,po!, to make a solemn appeal to the midp.iy t. .: -the fo:a ign labor, while our tea o t (! ri;) w,..tcm an d eastern states, f ii !. a - and v.aa lacen want profitable uir We do iut consider (his question ns ex-

!luuiu-;.t. W hen the tantt ol loJl was .( (J.jvly seetional, although such a cbai - (f ,r5all . and to PROTECT THE 3! N

euartcd atter Solemn tie. j.it", ;t was liopi t a art ,. j,as Wi.n frequently attached to it. I UEACTURES adapted to our circum

that its provision sou it alioru protection h0th m and out ot our national councils,! stances, ;ire the landmarks by to very branch of national industry. ! bat raturally address ousselves to thej wliich to guide ourselves in nil our proThe thirty percent, duty laid upon for- j; .tatcs most directly interested in thc adop-j caedins." eigi, wool, it was conteinplate.l, would iou v( (he polit y which we advocate. j Mr. Madison and Mr. Monroe in their have given sufficient protection to the i The socit ty lias In beld w it h great re j mcs;rcs uniformly held the same dec- . .....1 1 . . 1. ! ...1.. 5 -

wool gnwers,ani, mai me ni;ies anu ie- j; gret.tnat tne doctrine 01 nic unconsiinnnn.tric ticiiis on the importation of loieign ! aitv of congress affording protection to

u nolens would sutlif ientU protect the A- manufactures, bv duties on imt-orts, has

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f.i.irlf.'iii f.dnir. ihlt thr lormer will fe l 1

00 avail,- if the domestic market for the ar tirle bo d".tro ed. the result of the pr sti aioii of t!ie woollen manufacture which will certainl take place? without an immediate and radical rliange in our poliey. The repeal by Great Britain in lfikJ(,of nearly all the duty upon foreign wool imported into that ountrv, ha., had the edect . . .. r . 1.

to tie-troy toe salutary operation oi me

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d'l"-' th nation from '

been openly promulgated in and out of congress. It might have been expected, that the uniform exercise oi this power, in

fivor of agriculture and commerce as wel. as manufactures, from the very commencement of the government, would have laid the question at rest. E01 the protection of commerce, the first congress in 17C9 imposed a tonage duty on foreign vessels engaged in thc for-

: law of IOJ1, so far as it relates to the wool- I td,r,, trade, or 50 cents per ton for every . . . . ..1.11! -1 - i- : .1 u..i

li.ufacture, whereby inc mienueu a rritry, wniie American ver-seis paiu uui

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1 f r a i n t protect!- n is Iruiraieu. me umj j cenis un uita.uiii. i, tn-u ... . ! , . ii . . w.tMM i.nr III. .Ml !l ,w Ir-iln llif flllfv W MS fl ft V CCIltS

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wool a; or ab-,ve one shilling sterling, ami j p,.,- t.oi br every entry, while ine inner

he ha"fne

oae halt D'-nnv on wool below that puce.

while ewr- is nearly one third of the value, amounting on the finer qualities, to from

30 to 60 t nt per In

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,i ,A l.nt dv retits nor annum. llius

1 'fti 1 i fort ign ve.sel of dOO tons engaged in the ! fore ign trade, and makiiug four entries in

a cnr, paid COO dollars tonage duly

.ia w .a h!iU ag.:ii. a: i hue so lenr.i.-ed ' : 1 t la ' o in. a.tiis in : i ti e a!'o r year v. ;;.

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Iv this state ol things, inr larmer i :vhilean American v osei pain um ov. n wbtd'lv deprived of the advantage- inten j: foreign vessel of 150. tons in the coasting ded to ho giv.m him by tbeineiea-cd duty it trade an. I making ten entries in a year, on Tor.: ign "wool, and the American inanu j ,,;,id 750 dollais- whereas an American la tui -, of that article is so far depre- ed j vessel of the same size, and making the bv the "r-at quantity of English w colons a s.,mP number of entries, paid but 9 dollars, hn.u ht'into the country, that he cannot -ph.; duties imposed at that period cn teas r.einTue th- business, unless the original imported in foreign vessels, average twen- .- . I . 'I".! . . . I a , I .... I n . . .w v tn.MI t lA II. Ill 111 I I If lb O fl '

1 ...a iiite' lion (d toe tanil oe t.au n-ti i ; e 11. ; 1 brvrii tt:m '"") v " w I S- ' . - .1.1:.: I .!...... ll . ...! A ....... ,..,i.la 'ivur'i

bv tl o enactment oi a?i nuuiuoi.ai i.mt i ( icas imporicu ui rtmviitui

i'. :i! th? advaiit::go given to thc j., gCd only twelve being a protecting uury

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com

trine. And can it be for a moment admitted, that the venerable Washington, his three successors, and those members of the 1st congress, above named, who had but recently been called upon to give their luminous minds and great talents to the formation of the constitution, would so soon after its adoption, have mistaken thc meaning? for th-y surely could not have leut their aid to its violation. Yet such is the true state of the case, if the doctrines now contended for by the legislature of Virginia in the following resolution be correct: "Hcsolvcd, That this general assembly does most solemnly protest against the claim or exercise of any. power whatever, on the part of the general government to protect domestic manufactures; the protection of manufactures not being amongst the grants of power to that government, specified in the constitution of the United Statesand also against the operations of the act of congress, 'psjjsd

May 22d, 182-1, entitled "an act to emend the several acts imposing duties c: imports," generally called the tariff lac, wliich vary the distribution of tho'proeeeds of the labour of the community, in such a manner, as to transfer property from one portion of the United States to another, and to take private property

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