Public Leger, Volume 2, Number 104, Richmond, Wayne County, 15 April 1826 — Page 1

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"FRIENDLY TO THE BST PURSUITS OF MAfc, FRIFNULV TO THOUGHT, TO FREEDOM, AND TO PEACE." Copper.

r.YUMBER 104.

RICHMOND, WAYNE COUNTY, INDIANA, SATURDAY, APRIL 15, 1826.

VOLUME IL

i j,i;N;tD AND PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY BY BUXTON & WALLING.

front sired, opposite I'aughans Hotel. """THE rilXK OF THIS PAPER ' On- P'ar and F,?t Cents for fitly two rum-!i,-; to t nautili a.i sauce ; Two Dollars il" jiruil tf.e'yf ;r, or Two Dollar? ami Fiftj Out?, v''t'-rii,! i'ttore the txpiration of the year: ,,-t in aivancp brine t the mutual mttitst r?(l- -II" .,

parties li.ai idouo i? souciuti.

ticii tiUt n fr u s than fix months, nml jisccntmued until all arrturngts are

(to tne House. Similar instructions were furnished to the Ministers appointed to j Buenos Ayres, Chili, and Mexico; and the j system of social intercourse which it was I the purpose. of those missions to establish j from the first opening of our diplomatic re- ; lations with those rising nations, is the ! most effective exposition of the principles

upon which the invitation to the Congress

toj dUpense the promised blessings of the Redeemer of mankind; to promote the prevalence in future ages, of peace on earth and good will to man, as will now be placed in their power by participating in tfce deliberations of this Congress. , Among the topics enumerated in official papers, published by the Rupublic of Co

lombia, and adverted to in the correspon-

re to i tlieoutii tmnrp at tl c rspira-

, 1 f . ... 1 I 1 . .1

r:' the tini fiU)ciut'U. lor, win ih- tnow.tr-

t r-

, r t'u editors must havt the postage

it ill 7u ! I t ti.'i nic I t J

TKRM- Ol' ADVKKTIING. , rt -. it h"N fr ihrre i;t- rtions One Vo. ;V . ,. , . 1 1 1 i mm. f t w 1 1 1 ) -1 ' n t . a !urii nti in !''e siUuC I ropwrtit ti.

PANAMA MISSION. iIt v ir. menage vtas transmitted by the l:e-ident f the United State, to the llou.t of Representatives,, on the 1 7:h .March: sn:Ni.Tu.M.rch 1", Tf th" H ' Ii , r. t :t.!ivri t,l (f, f. Mutes. Ino riit lii: ce with the Re?dution of t' oHf Uf-e if the 5th Ultimo, requesting cause to be laid before the Hi-u-e so

.mich of the correspondence between the Gcven .ment cl Uwited StaU- and ttie :.tv.- ;:ites of America, or thir .Mini-u rs rc-p ( '.i:.ur t'u.' proposed Cvirc-Ncr na et i . j. w "I lonrttic At:ei ts at 1'ai atna, arnl S'i..h 1:1 rnrition n-pediit: ihe general

i C otii;rt .i-

at Panama has been accepted by me, as j dence now communicated to the House, well as of the objects of negotiation at that as intended to be presented for discussion meeting, in which it was expected that j at Panama, there is scarcely one in which 'our Plenipotentiaries should take part. ji the result of the meeting will not deeply i The House will perceive that, even at H alU ct the interests of the United States, the date of these instructions, thf first trea J'-' those in which the belligerent States ties between some of the Southern Remib- H a,,)le will take an active part, will have

lies had been concluded, by which they I-;' Powerful effect upon the state of our re-

had stipulated among themselves this di- : idomatic asst mblv at Panama. And it

H I 1 I A n fl lilt f l A m iiivan nti hi

if mi hit: jiiiii i itaii) ui'u f. ""-y ' v. ,th the principal Kuropean States. j W ere it merely that we might be correct-

i ly .md pctdily informed o the procecdot the Congress, and of the procress :ad issue of th ir negotiations, I should hold it advisable that we should have an accredited agency with them, placed in such confidential relations with the other : u.embers, as would ensure t!ie authenticij ty, and tie sab and early transmission, of ; it- reports. Of the same enumerated to- , pn s, are the preparation of a manifesto, setting forth to the world the justice of their cause, ami the relalio: s they desire I II l il "! it li- .1

. .. . ... . . i: lo ittiiu wiiii oincr nrisiian 1 oweis rtiiu

rt-ij- ot me great communiues Mruumig i . , ...

, , , ... .......a- ! to Tirm a convention -oi navigaiion anu lor independence, ami, as it were, uuhk.- . . .r ? . i comiiKTce, applicable both to the confeae-

friiiii i:iid nit' r nit in ii it nui'i5i-

- .... ..... , , .1 C.i

will lie ccn with what caution, so far as

it might concern the policy of tin? United State, and, at the same time, with what frankness and good will towards those nation-, he gave countenance to their design of inviting the United States to this high AssetnMv for consultation upon Amcrnin interests. It was not considered a conclusive reason for declining this invitation, that the proposal for assembling such a Congress had not first been m ule by ourselves. It had sprung from the urgent, i remediate, and momentuoiis common inte-

.:.ararlcr cf that

ir tv ho in ray te-

ex pet u a

csion,

ai tl a tnav, in !

rated States and to their allies.

I It will he within the recollection of the I II. .us,-, that, immediately after the close

4 .11.

tion f u appeared respectful and friend

ly ; from h to them it could scarcely have

c - ,r,o;i.,w if t.rtt 1 Mo' war lor our independence, a meas--upn ions ol purposes ot ambition, it not s . , i

r.ion, bo communicated with-utpie. ; f domination, more suited to rouse resis- h cioseiy ana.ogou, u u.is v.uuHuM

i;,c to the public interest; and, also, to j t :i!lC(. nrul excite distrust, than to concili- h ) eZ '

, i' I j' 1,1.:.. 'I I.,-. ...... .,.,1 j.UJ i.UI ICUCI'H Vllt ilHU l"l ;uil",.--' ate tavor and Ineiniship. I lie lii-t and , , ' 1 ,..rum...i:.t principle upon l.icll it was ,llc character 1 l.rec - !,.,m.vl i?c ;,.l just to lav the corner- ! us4.u..fr, will. ple.,ipotc..t.ary P. -t,. of all o.,r futu- rolat.o. n ith tl.cn ;i ' 10 Wn.Wd ta nt-gotutc treat y of ,l,.i,:t.t,dn: tl.e ... xt ... cordial Hnii, navigation and commerce, with .ill

was :i claim i f": l''-'" '!'". lrs 01 euro,,..-. x ......

:n:,'tainl resided tor thai purpose aouui - m I a I

, ' . oi.e year at Paris; and the only result 01

HlllMeS-iOi..-, W I llv I ITIHIUKII IOI- . - . i . " ... . , , hr.,1 it -.Mi ri thnt time, was the

rni the liuU.-, o lar a, 1:1 im opinion. .

oSiects tht: A.cr,!s of the UnitPii

S:.:!c; arc expected to tal" part m the de l.L'tratiaus of that Congn-s; I now trans-

n.t to ti.e Housl a lv port fiom the Scire- ; to th'-m: the third

t.trv of Siite. with the com pond -nrr and : (t( f.iir and euual rec;procitv. Under the&e

IL.' 'inr;ilier. it euosled iV the tfst' ie,!Hiu

i n l regard to lue on ecis ;n w nu n me r ! nn! e;irreiv give" m-: t . . . .,u l: ;, , i t.i .nil I e , - , , ,,.1 .,i ,1 ,... nf'l.ftl.;,.r nrn. : riMt hc'tweetlthe UoltCil ilflU s allll t . n i- t. ;- 'o- tM' diu i ilouoti'!. v. hr 'ther at ol the onieci pro- ! . .

I. ;.. f,r,t . ;. th.-it ....a r... ..,.,;.h.r-.,h'., ..,.,1 r?;-Mu. ;,i h Pidia, inemorahle in the uipiomauc ....

I t t'A'J pill III 111V. JV41" 1 l j UII . ll'l I l.ir.U. .a..' " iix. . . ........ ... i ' Cor,.-' res. I deem it prcper t prf mi-e, liial j fj,.. Congrc?- were such a- that immediate i I tla-io onk-tJi did not form the only, nor j a,j im(ortar,t interet of the U. State? j (?a t;.- print ip'd, motie k-r my arcep- would be affected by tlie issue, 1 should, - . ( 'frlii - i i. i : it it .ii. M lii t - i? d "re. 1 1- . ... v .o i h.-n t!te-rmined. so (ar as il

-- - - r ,... . , . ir,d icct.'ient was to tn et, in the piri! ,f.pf.t:ded ti on me, to havo accepted the ; S,i;i-- art! friendship, an oveituie' in itatioii, and tti have nppmted inini-ter--

vm-z' m l:i !l spirit hy irnee s:.-icr nepuo to attend toe in'-e-mg. I nr

I , , t 1 ; l . . . nl,r... ' . 1 1 : ... 1 : . . V . -. I . . I ? d . t , 1 1 1 . 1 i r-1 1 1 v t 1 . n r '

f 1 . . l. x x i: uti. aiin-ii a nrinnit cs ul the foreign in

r..,-..i.,i;n .r, i-mit, ni .nr; t it m.itie. httitzu trial important IMC n . . x

I. 'JI'lll".l ,l ,.. 1 -. - T - I (

brotig'ot into -istenre, i earh re-ts of ours or of their-, rendered curat-tir-.v ...ioroi"n and in- i ten Janci- tb.ere deirab!e. 'I hey had giv-

nations in rur on n

Ii !- t-l.icvd the I

i:u.t.on not less rocl. ara! scarceh b ' r:i;.g, than that in whith the b;id

v,- tt the wt)rhl, ami precious as mununit tit f the principles, in relation to comxvicc and maratime warfare, with which our country entered upon her career as a 111. -mix 1 of the great family of independent nations. This treaty, prepared in conformity w ith the instruction? of the Amer- " ft X 1

! ; i!. nh'ninotoritiaritvs. consccrateu three

i e

, . t.

TC'r.t

his

V - , ; .

. t ' t

tjuartt r oi

1 . t , i 1 : - ill - i ii." 11 - ii

trrcourse, winch the congres m m.ii -riod were tksirous of establishing. Hrt, 1 x. . : .. . .: x . 1 il... rvxulii-il ci.ntilrt.

1 . 1 i n 1 1 rrt 11 111 1 . .irui tin: inuiuiu ..

en u- notice, that, m the no;eltv oi then . i . j ' .... n f'nri t 1 . . . r 1 1" . tuns of the privileges ol the most laxortu Mtuation, and in the spirit of deference to 1,1 1 u I ' . , . ,,.,. of . 1 i ,i, .. i 4 ' ration in the commercial exchanges oi our experience, they would be pleased to ,! . ... f . , .. s i- ii i i: react. Secondly, the abolition ol prn.iu h.ae the benetit ot our fnendlv counsel, j . ii. .,.. '

war upon the ocean: anu, miiuni n?n lotions favorable to neutral commerce, upon

To meet the temper with which this proposal was made, with a cold repuUe, was not thought congenial to that warm intc-re-t in their welfare, with which the Peo-

. t - x : .

;!.cii,-' iW', ev their own traniuo; .

n nt hj-tt.r of Ctdoisit s to a nation "I v g:j St.it s- 'i he -1 i crance A the :'hern American Ui-nubhc? fff m the op-

--ir;; tr.drr w!d h they had been so Im.g 1 pie and Government of the Union had Iiitb- ' I ' . aft

ted, wa- i.aded with great unanimity the n '. r ln of this Union, as am ! g the

oit :.-i'.r-:tiMi events cf the ae. O.i the them bv a refusal of their overture, and

then invite them to a similar Assembly to'!

erto gone hand in hand through the whole

Dtogres of their Revolution. To insult

! Ma, an ac t id (.'ongrc-s made

a ; -propriation nf one hu rid red thousand i! he calhd by ourstlvcc, was an expedient;

belligerent practices, with regard to contraband of war and blockades. A painful, a ft . lk.MA."

I it may tic said a calamitous, exponent

more'than frty years, has demonstrated the deep importance of these same principles, to the peace and prosperity ot this nation, and to the welfare of all maratime 1 h-ia i 1 1 it I r:i t f'l 1 tiic profound

! l . i . t . s "for sach missions o the Ii.dt-prn

dt;.t N tien v.n the Ameiiran Uontinent,

j a- the i;rcsident of the United Slates might ' ing, had it been merely to give them suchj

dom with which they were assumed as

'-fern proper.

if. ex'-.ci-ing the authority rccogniz d wth reference to their own in

... - ... . .t i iviMiom i

which never presented itscll to me mino. o ,. f , ITnion.

i lit t it,,, ,,,,st it raiuin.ii puinia in j --- I would have sent Ministers to the meet- i J f ...

At that time, in the miancy t'" . . . . I . I. I 11 rs lt

.a.;... iu. m;.,M h-,v . t-.i r.M . even' hticai exiicnce, uout-i

tore sts, not!! those ptinciples of liberty and of right, so

'' tu:; act, my predecessor, by and with a nice and cnnent tf the Senate, ap- , I i, successively. Minister- Pletdpo j ft fit: 1 1 , ll. W r r.i i 1 .1 i c Cr,i n.liii i

ie-.c-h Ay res, Chili atid Mexico. Unwil- ; 'r'J to raise among the fraternity of free-: ::. stions of precedency and etniuette.

' ' i'h even tlie Uuroni an iiionan hs had

- -I ; ' 1 1 i?f; f 'itid it necessary in a great rn a- t 'r ' to tliJfard, he despatched tht-e min-t ? i to Cidousbia, Buenos At res and Chili, v it-out ix.-ictir.g from those Republic s, as. '

h ti.

;..,.i..;rt ..c i -rtnia r, ,vr. ,ni irm conm oun u .v.. -

III O'O 111 UUI Jl 1 v. - - - - - - .

hatl it been merely to

to them our reason

poal of spec itic me;

miirht desire our cone

x i ... .:t.i ...;..Ji nrmcin le. 1 hCV

we migiit ueem incompauu.t. i o.. M ' , ir.h nl hurricane has

.iiii i mi H. ii .i'iii-

over three-fourths of the cmli.ed porlion

I 1 n..it lunrA ihll

explain and set forth just tougtit and triumpneo, iuc-y - Mi x. . i . i. . .... of niw irreat anu

for dec nmc any pro- nut io ooiam uu. 3.o.v. lt)i ut unmiu ; j ; i i., soverelLMl.

mures to which the) ! phih),op.ucaI, u u.. r,nVlf,!ltl.I1,.cl . . i i - i- i . n...r liUrr il :iihI cnliiliiient 11

urrence, hut which!: in i.T,, " ,.,.rf.

COUIU OOl.HII O" ii.w.v.

terests or our duties. In the intercourse between nations, temper is a missionary,

gone j

c aiic ient principles of political pri-

lelWCCn nations, lempei IS mirrn't' ,j f , . ., i fn iV perl.apsuiore pinverful than talent. No -j oftl.e earth, the .-solati.. :; l,i..g Us ever lost by kind treatment.- with coiibdccc be e. tod, t . ; , N'..tliiti2 can he f ai.,d by H.l.c, rcpuUc, - IrdV'r, ar t aspiring pretensions. I " '. . , .. Ho. now-born ' ' , at tins propitious moment, the tu w uom But obiects of the highest importance. , i r ;,raorn .isj.mblintr by

But objects of the highest importance. H . r assembling by

In. . I. I I . t .1 . . I I . I x X I C . . .. .. 1 x ..... 4 1.x. M' III I"! - . . 1...

oi' l . ii rr i i- utt'.tiT .o.!i- in;ii i in t'nr nn i in in n irr wriiait-oi nit .' v

a i ft. v it v w - x. - - - -

( n pl rnent of a plenipotentiary mission i human race , hut bearing dire ctly upon the fh'!ild hue been paid tlrA 1 I hem to the special interest of this Union, will engage

.' . . . f ti

tlrj deliberations ol tne Ucaigress d I ana-

ma, whether we are represented there or

not. Others, if we are represented.

,.. ,

ina

ft A 1 . .

'-nueu Mates. lie instructions prepared ii'ider his direction, to Mr. Ai dcrson, l.- fust of cur .Ministers to the Southern

Uoiitin'.Mit, contain, at much length, the ! lie offered by our Plenipotentiaries for con

;:et.f ral principles upon which he thought !' federation, having in view both these great it desirable that our relations, political results our own interests, ar.d the irnand commercial, with these, our new neigh- j! provcrnent of the condition of man upon

' is. lwa (x t..laniished, lor their bene- M earth, ft may he, thai in hip v.

aland ours, and that of tlie futuie ages of' our poster itv. A copy of so much nfthese i

Histiuctions as relates lo the fe --eneial Mib- S m-,.t of the United State s, to subserve

scts, is among the papers now transmitted !i benevolent purposes of Divine Providence.

iiv centuriesno otiier opportunity so tavorable will he presented to the Govern- . c.t rT..;i..,i i-.i4.B. tn subserve the

inisnht

i ... i

it ..;. .. i tin Uthmus. ne

tween its two continents, to settle the piinciples of their future international intercourse with other nations and with us ask, in this great exigency, for our advice, upon those very fundamental maxims, which we, from our cradle, had Just proclaimed, and partially M.cceeded to introduce into the code of national. law. Without recurring to that total prostration of all neutral and commercial rights, which marked the progress of the i..x. e.n,lOU wnrc. nnl which finally in-

velvcd the United States in them, nod ad- ;

jverting oniy to political relations with these Americc' .iatior.3, it is observable I that, while in Ul other respects, these relations have been uiiiTrrcnUft-cad rithot;t j exception, of the most fric.-dly ar.d , mutually satisfactory character, the cr.ly cause

of difference and dissension bctcn us and them, which ever have arisen, c.iginated in those never failing fountains cf discord and irritation, discriminations cf commercial favor to other nations. licentious

! privateers, and paper blockade. 1 can- ; not, without doing injustice to the republies of Buenos Ay res and Colombia, forbear to acknowledge the candid and conciliatoj ry spirit, with which they have repeatedly j yielded to our friendly representations an ! remonstrances on these subjects: in repeajling discriminating laws which operated to

jour disadvantage, and in revoking the commissions of their privateers. To which j Colombia has added the magnanimity of making reparation for unlawful captures ! by some of her cruisers, and of assenting, in the midst of war, to treaty stipulations favorable to neutral navigation. But the recurrence cf these occasions of complaint has rendered the renewal of the discussions, which result in the removal of them, Inecessary, while in the mean time injuriei

are sustained by merchants, and otn r individuals of the United States, which can- ! not be repaired, and the remedy lingers in overtaking the pernicious operation of the mischief. The settlement of general principles, pervading with equal efheacy all the American states, can alone put an 'end to these evils, aud can alone be accomplished at the proposed assembly, il. If it be true that the noblest treaty of

peace, ever mentioned in history, is that by j which the Carthagenians were bound to 'abolish the practice of sacrificing their own children, because it was stipulated in iavor I of humun nature, I cannot exaggerate to myself the unfading glory, with which I these United States will "go forth in the

memory of future age?, if, by their friendly counsel, by their moral influence, by the power of argument and persuasion alone, ! they can prevail upon the American na- ! tions at Panama to stipulate, by general aIgreement among themselves, and so far as jany of Ihein nviy be concerned, the pcrpetj ual abolition of private war upon the o'cean. And if we cannot yet flatter our- ! selves that this may be accomplished, as advances towards it, the establishment of 'the principle, that the friendly flag shall I cover the cargo, the curtailment of c ontraband of war, and the proscription of fictitious paper blockades; engagements that we may reasonably hope w ill not prove I impracticable, willif successfully inculca

ted, redound proportionally to our honor, and drain the fountain of many a future j sanguinary war. The late president of s the United States, in his mesec to con- ! grcss. of the 2d December, 1S23, while announcing the negotiation then pending I with Russia, relating to the north-west l x .-. . x: x l. -.-. -hat hr

coast oi mis continent, uumoi-u, . - occasion of the discussions to which that incident had given rise, had been taken tor asserting as a principle, in which the rights and interests of the United States were involved, that the American continents, by the free and independent condition which they had assumed and maintained, were thenceforward not to be considered as subjects for future colonization, by any European power. The principle had first been assumed in that negotiation w ith Russia. It rested on a course of reasoning equally simple and conclusive.

j With the exception ol the existing r.u.wI pean colonics, which it was in nowise in-

tended to disturn, tne iwu i sited of several sovereign and independent nations, whose territories cover their whole surlace. By this, their independent condition, the United States enjoyed the right ofoommercial intercourse with every part of their possessions. To attempt tlie establishment of a colony in those possessions would be to usurp, to the exclusion ;..i ioif-rrourse. whicn

Ol OlIlCIS) OMIIIIIi-ll

was the common possession

of all. It

could not be done without encroacuii

upon existing rights of the United Slates. Tne government of Russia has never disputed these positions, nor manifested the slightest dissatisfaction at their having been taken. Most of the new American republics have declared their entire assent to them; and they now propose, among the subjects of consultation at Panama, to take into consideration the means of making effectual the assertion of that princitonduded on the Fourth Page.

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