Public Leger, Volume 2, Number 101, Richmond, Wayne County, 25 March 1826 — Page 1

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- - t4 FRIENDLY TO THE BEST PURSUITS OP MAN, K FRIENDLY TO THOUGHT, TO FREEDOM, AND TO PEACE." -C(KVpcr.

IXUMBER 101.

RICHMOND, WAYNE COUNTY, INDIANA, SATURDAY; f.IARCH 25, 1826.

VOLUME II J

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NINETEENTH CONGRESS-

FIRST StSSIO.

IN SENATE. February 21, 182G. ' 1 r. Hendricks, from the select CommitV f tee on Roads and Canal?, to whom was 'I referred a Resolution of the Senate, and - two Memorials of the General Assembly : ' of the State of Indiana, on the subject of ' a Canal communication between the navigable waters of the Wabash and - ' those of the Miami of Lake Erie, made -. the following HFPOKT: j'' ' That, in the opinion of the Committee, a canal to connect the W.ibash river with i, Ih-1 Miami of Lake Krie, is an olijcct wor- : ; .Ihvtlic attention, and one which should 1 r ; 'smjil u a portion of the mean-, of the Gen t,.tral Government. It is worth) the attenition of the Government, whether w e conlEitler !;e crrat extent of country to which it would afford facilities, and which it , would pen to a northern and a southern

run nestwardly, into tlie Illinois and the Mississippi. The route of this canal i believed lobe more direct for an inland navigation thro' the interior of the country than the routes through the State of Ohio, or that through Lakes Michigan and Huron. The mouth of the Ohio river, on the south, and the

outlet of Lake Erie, on the east, may be

assumed as the points through which the

inland trade of the country must necessarily pass, to the various markets. Between

! these points, on the northern route, thro' I Lakes Michigan and Huron, the distance i has been estimated at ICOO miles. The

route by the Wabash and the Miami of the Lake, is estimated at something les than 1000 miles; more than COO nearer than the Michigan route; and it U said to be 150 less than either of the routes thro' the State ofOhio. An act of Congress heretofore authorized the State of Indiana to survey and locate this route through the public lands; but, the State being destitute of the means of constructing the canal, was unwilling to incur the expense of its location, and

i the act on this f ubject has remained a dead letter. The State is still unable to proceed with the w ork, without the aid of the

General Government. jj i The Committee believe that the im- jj provemcntof the country, in a national j, 1 point of view, is the great object of this jj Government; and that this object ought jj not, on the present occasion, to be aban- j; jdoned from considerations of a few sections Jj ;of land, in a district of country in which jj but little of the public lands have yet been M j brought into market, and where very few 'settlements or improvements have yet 'commenced, to create a value for the pub- j t lie domain. Estimating this woik, from !i ' its character and position, t? he one cfna- I

states; and tins appropriation of a small portion of the public lands, will but open a new avenue to the purchasers of extensive regions. The foregoing considerations have induced the Committee to report a bill.

In the Maryland Legislature, on Monday, the 13th Feb. Mr. Teaekle delivered the f Mowing report, accompanied by res

olutions: The Committee on so much of the executive communication ns relates t the evils arising from numerous tippling shops,

have had the same under consideration, and beg leave to report: That they are aware of the prevalence of this evil, to an extent to be deplored by every wise and virtuous statesman; that it is a crying sin, and a fruitful source of idleness, profana

tion, crime and degradation, and calls a-

loud on the public authorities to apply the force of existing laws, and on every patriotic and philanthropic citizen to extend his aid towards repressing, by every legal and proper means, this most monstrous and increasing evil. The Committee conceive, that the chief cause of this evil maybe ascribed to the reduced price of spirituous liquors, and they fain would witness an augmentation of the present duty on imported rum, and gin, and brandys, and an excise n the distillation f domestic liquors, and therefore submit the following resolutions: lit oil ret, hij the General . hsenibly o f.Mcirijl itb ' That the Senators of this state in the Congress of the United States be, and they hereby are, instructed to use their influence in procuring an augmentation of the duties imposed upon the importation of pirif uous liquors, and the imposition of ancci:e upon the distillation of domestic Mirit; and that the avails of the said cx-

ih;il be annronriated among the.

9 m w

them in their place, when they retreated backward in the same grovelling mi inner, but without turning round. Yet this haughty chief was himself but a minister of the fifth order in importance, doomed to take his turn of beast-like grovelling, as was subsequently exhibited on

visiting Chromachit, son to the king. Every man here is doomed to crawl on the earth before his superior. The nation must be considered as entirely the slaves of the king, of whose lives and propeity he can dispose at will."

MSC

market, cr its advantages in a military i! tional importance, one in which feveral ; point of vi-w, for the transportation off States are deeply interested, the Commit I

troops ii.il it ti stores, and munitions oi ;; ; tec recommend, in favor ol th

wr. 11 grant oflutui ot three sections in w idth, on I! ntmn, tor internal improvement in roads

I. and the markets j; each side of the canal. ' and canals, and towards the promotion of

State, a li S'al ? -""cording to the ratio of direct tax-

cf the eastern ritics of the Union are at ! This aid is not asked in a form w hich

once opened to the States of Indiana and Illinois; which, at present, have no means within their power, of approaching those markets with the he avy produce of the country. In the aid of this Canal, thmarkers oi Louisiana ain! Florida aic made casv cfat.ee: to the r.oi thwestern parts of

can be burthencome to the Treasury. : 1 The land in that quarter of the country,; though of comparatively little value wit!iOut the contemplated canal, would, in the !i prospect ot Mich improvement, become nn- !j mensely valuahlc to the State, and enable ;i ! her to complete the woik. The Commit- u

tee further believe, and they are strength

literature, in primary schools, one mciety to eaeh of those important interests. Two more resolutions follow, requesting their Representatives in Congress to use their influence in favor of this object, and the Governor to transmit copies to their Senators and Representatives.

t

Oino. and to the territory of Michigan.

1 A. A 1 1 1 u I I . . . .

w.ur.iaro ar piecni exciuneu irom uie j cued in this bcliet. bv 'acts ol frequent ocso'Jtliern maiket?. It would be the point j( currence in new countries, that thi donaof union between the ocean and the lakes,!! lion will operate in favor of tlie Ticasurv, . .... i . .... i. . i i h . . . . . . T

:! uic so:iui, .iiHi peneci a cnam 01 m - anil not to its miurv ; for, a few sections

1 naMg.ition, from New-ork to New-1! adjoining such irrant. the canal bcini' lo-

through the great interior of the

' wrioar?.

J coui.irv. 1 Of the vaiiou? routes by which thisj chain of it? nul navigation mav be com-j ,t plated, this is believed to be the mo-t easv j ( of con-truction, and on the mot direct line. ! 'i'he portage at Fort Wnvm- IiMh'ppm fh.. !

r - - - v. ' t mi

cated, will sell for more than both the sections and the giant,' without the prospect of a canal. The importance of this canal, in a military point of view, must be obvious to all;

if

and it is believed that no person who has

anv recollection of the liUtnrv nftlio hitr

St. Mary's and the waters of the Wabash. l w ar, will ask for argument to prove this i il-ss than. even miles: and. although no! assertion. Of the millions expended in

survev.li.aveasyet been made, by which ,! that war, how much is it reasonable to

n

I me elevation of the summit level has been j nrcur itelv ascertained, yet the fact is ccr- , tain, that, in wet seasons of the year, the I Indtai.s, and other inhabitants of the coun-

Itry, have frequently passed over this sum

, i - . I i,a"i:u oei uus Mim-1 ncaviiy ml in ferogucsand canoes. Ko sullicionl j frontier.

!i. " "limn uic power oi uie Commit- ' Xi hy WMch they can state the necessary length of this Canal. That it must ncccs-

. Ji sanly be continued to the Little Wabasl

a distance of twentv-five miles, is thcopin-

of some, while others suppose the navigable point of the Wabash, proper to be selected for so important a work, will be

found lower down, at or near the mouth of

Tippecanoe, a distance of about 100 miles.

J suppose w as squandered for the want of ; such improvements for the want of good roads and canals ? And in no part of the ! Union were difficulties of this kind more

heavily felt, than on the northwestern

What facilities of communica-

j tion between the military posts on an ex

tensive border, would thus be ntiorded! By the aid of this canal, in time of war, an army could be withdrawn from Upper Canada, and take a position on the banks of the Mississippi or the Gulf of Mexico, in less time than'a British fleet could ordinarily sail from Quebec to New Orleans. In time of peace, this communication

would allord to millions of people a choice

r ... .

! The Christiana Gazette, of December ' Cth last, contains the official news of a , treaty concluded on the Oth of Nov. last, between the kins of Sweden and Norway ! and the king of Great Britain, relative to the slave trade. The kinr of Sweden enj gages to cause penal law s to be passed, as hoon as possible against this traffic. The ' vessels which arc suspected, arc rcciproj cally liable to be visited by the ships of war

of the contracting parties, and subject to confiscation, in case the suspicions should prove to be well founded. Two tribunals shall be established, one on the Swedish Island of St. Bartholomew, the other at Sierra Lconcjon the coast of Africa, to decide in the actions which shall be brought in consequence of the capture of ships, and to adjudge the indemnities to be given, in case of detentions without due grounds.

Fruit trees. The new method of raising fruit trees, by planting the scions, is a great desideratum in the art of obtaining choice fruit. It has many advantages over grafting, because it 'is more expeditious and requires no stock or tree. They may be planted where they are required to stand, and the labor of a man for one. day will be sufficient to plant out enough for a large orchard, after the scions are obtained. The method of preparing is as follows: Take the scions as for grafting, and at any time after the first of February, and till the buds begin to grow considera-

j bly, and dip each end of the shoot in ineij ted pitch or wax, rosin and tallow, and bu

ry it in the ground the buds uppermost, while the. body lies in a horizontal position, and at the depth of two or three inches. Wc are informed that trees obtained in this way will bear in three or four years from the time of planting. We have no doubt of the practicability of this method of raising fruit. Osvcgo paper. The' Nantucket Inquirer complains bit-

j terly that that town the greatest depot of

j spei m:city and whale oil in the universe l is also the darkest corner in the universe, j in consequence of the sullen determinaj tion of the clos.e-fisted burghers never to appropriate for home consumption what is j intended for exportation. In other word,

they have no lamps; and noiititandinr; the singular fact that the moon never shines in Nantucket on a darl: night, they have never yet ventured publicly to test the quality of their own merchandize. The constant excuse from year to year is, that oil is either so low that the people cannot afford to pay the tax, or so high that the town cannot afford to purchase. Thus arc they left to grope their ray in darkness, at the imminent risk, at every step, of breaking their shins over boxes of sperm, or their necks over barrels of blubber.

A Rhode Island paper, in reference to I the proposed lottery for the relief of Mr. I Jefferson, suggests that it would be well to issue a scheme of 500,000 tickets, at one. j dollar each, and that they be distributed

in each state, in proportion to the number of inhabitants, that all parts of the Union, and every class of people, may equally share in contributing to the relief of the author of the Declaration of our Independence. 'U $. Telegraph.

.Uiiatcwrthc distance may be, it will fol-! of markets, between the east ic thehouth llov, with slight deviations, the valley of w ould enable them to fdect New -York or She Wabahh, and will need, on the whole New-Orleans, as the season of the year, Wine, hut little lockage. J or the articles of trade, minht render ad-

1 1

i iii'-ui.imi (iiuKo r.ric is lormeu ny .Jhe junction of the St. Mary's and St. JoVcph, about 3 miles below Fort Wayne. Tins fctream admits of good navigation a considerable portion of the ) ar, and its value is best known to those who were engaged in military tervicc on the northwestern Verities during the late war. . The principal work being accomplishicd, lateral canals would be more easih efffected, and would be very much within the power and means of the State. These, over short and easy portages, would connect the Wabash with the western branch f White river, and with other streams to

1he south: with the rivers w hich empt in-

vi sable.

Some of the lands through which it is supposed the canal will pass, are already surveyed and prepared for Kile. Some are yet subject to Indian title; but this will, in all probability, be extinguished during the present year. It is desirable that the location be speedily made. This will be necessary to designate the grant which may be appropriated. Its location will

gi, instantaneously, great value to the j

adjacent country ; attract the attention vi emigrants, and give impulse beyond the power of any other measure, to the settlement of the whole Wabash country. More

than three-fourths of the lands within the

o Lake Michigan, and with those which State cf Indiana, vet belong to the United

Degradation! An account of the most recent diplomatic mission from the governor-general of Bengal to Siam and CochinChina, was published in England last December. As an instance of the degradation of human nature by servility, nothing is stronger than what is related in the fol-

j. lowing passage of the work, touching the

; Siamese: ! uMr. Crawford had a first interview ! with an inferior minister. During the whole of the visit, the minister's attend ant? lay prostrate on the earth before him, and at a distance. WhcnUicy were addressed, they did not dare to cast their eyes towards him, hut raising their head a : little, and touching the forehead, w ith both hands united in the 1r.anr.2r by which wc j would express the met earnest supplication, their looks still directed to, th? : ground, they whispered in answer in t!;?

most humiliating izzz, I he manner 111 which he was upproached by the servants of his household, w as even still more revolting to nature. " When refreshments were ordered, they crawled forward on all fmrs, supported on the elbow and toes, the body being dr:t;gcd on the ground. In this manner they pushed the dishes before slu m, from time to time, in the best manner that their constrained and beast-like nttitodc would admit, until they had put

A letter from Santa Martha to the Editor of the Baltimore Gazette, dated the 10th instant,says that the Colombian squadron at Carthagena was in a great state cf forwardness, and that every exertion was making to despatch it on the secret expedition at the earliest possible date. A rumor was current at Santa Martha, at the date of the letter, that General Bolivar was hourly expected at Carthagena, with ten thousand men, including the remainder of the victorious army cf Peru. U. S. Telegraph. A Contrast. The slave holding States of Virginia and Maryland have increased in the number of white population for thirty years at the rate of 30 per cent. In the w hole country during the same period, the increase was 150 percent. In 30 years, Virginia with a population of M 2,000, had an increase of 160,000, free white. Massachusetts, with a population of 373,000 had an increase of 150,000, notwithstanding the multitudes that have emigrated. In 1791, the lands and improvements of of Pennsylvania were valued at 165 millions. Those of Virginia together with all her slaves, at only 71. In 1815, little Connecticut was put down at 03 millions, and the large state of South Carolina with all herslavesat no more than 71. Do not self-interest, and the temporary prosperity of the land, crying out IsudJy a-

j gainst the slave system?