Public Leger, Volume 2, Number 89, Richmond, Wayne County, 24 December 1825 — Page 1

t

1:1 rM al t ii ft .Al .TM I .411 U II - --ji t -"FRIENDLY TO THE IKST PURSUITS OF MAN, FlilK.VDLV TO THOUGHT. TO FKl-XDOM, AND TO 1'EACE." Coicper. VfJMBKR HO. RICHMOND, WAYNE COUNTY, INDIANA, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 24, 1825. VOLUME .

1 ..

I J 'I

h" ve.-sc! hfloiii:'?, or i- such ai ticic-as arc most usuallv first shipped from her port. It will deserve the serious consideration of Cot gress, whether even this remnant of restriction may not be -afely abandoned, 5c whether the general tender of equal com-

liti;n, made in the act of SMi Jan. 1C24,

The President of the United Slates may not be extended to include all articles transmitted, this dav . to ih Heart s ol j: of merchandise not prohibited, of what Co igross, by the hands of John Adams. ;; country soever they may be the produce

; nr manufacture, Propositions to this et-

tect have alreadv been made to us by more

rRi.v:E! ao ruin.tsm.n i: r.r.v sm i iiday hy

BUXTON & WALKING. Front strcr' pposiir I (itimn's IL.tr L PRBSIDEKT?S ftT."SS,&GSZ. Washington." Dec. 6. 1 C2 b.

Junior, the follow ini

MESSAGE: j

rdlow-citizens of the s nato, than one European government, and it is And of the House of lit -nrrsentaiivr pri)hahle, th it, if once established bv legisIn takmga general. survey of toe con- ;ition or com.,act with ailV distinguished terns of our beloved count.y, vv Uh refer-maratimo ;t W(JU, j recommend itself once to subjects interesting to the common, . . . f . advaiitarec lo tbe

- i O '

welfare, the fir-t sentim .i t wi ieh irnpres

des it-elf upon tin mind, is, of lm ntitude to I

! general accession of all.

The Cjinrntion of Commerce and Navigation

Hie Umnipoieni i;i-pet:set oi .111 hj, 101 j butweeu the U.nUil States urn! Trance, conclu.l.d

tin- ontii.uance of tlie signal hh ssings of ; uu the 2 1th Juno, 11122 w;i-, in tin- uii(!trtaii!in?

Prox'nic: it. and tr;criallv for that Ii :infl 1Iltl ,jt of ,,oth partios,us an; ear. upon its tnco.

' t 1

in

" , 1. ii-rcnri; bttu. on them, n tl.o juost immediate and 1 f 1 , rtr ITWrl C:f ,.i .uti.imri,,,,,',!;. :1 n , . r t 1 1 i.' . . ..... :.. ! in the service of the United Mates.

a'aundance which, i.i the irigsiludes of the , ''inco, to (ira oar, trum tht- ilrt ot'Octuh. r, S22

... ... . . .. ,1 .fl. n,.(1( ' 1 ,vitfj ;1 nr.tviso, that it hu!j!l lurthwr continue ;.,a;i, lia.-I'Cen catti ri d villi pioluot.; , f , , , . . , , - . . if f rco till ihc c.ui. -11181011 t i ijonora 1 aiul ovt-r our I t -U. .N-a onht V. e KS to as- j lnt tro iU uf ..-onimcrcc, unk-ss torriwnatofl bv a uoric ti I 1 1 ill tlie ulo!" . tltat Wi ;ilt pel- ' ti' in.Hj;h- m a,U-.in.H , ut cither of the mrties

milted tr. eniuv the hountit s vt Ii ;- hand pt ace and 1 1 ant .!!.'. in j'eare u t h all

the el her nation? of the eartly,; tranquility

to th.- other. 1 1 s o, .er i tinii, so faros it vxtenilcel, !j h;' hfoii mutirailv al vaulat ou. aiul it still co'ii- ! ti.i'ir in force, hy coiuiunn -ment. but it left uni 't i ju-tetl 'vral oliioct of i.r at inttrest to the cit-

ai i j)r ! 1 1 .

liars Nation ha beeii n::tla.d o ex-!,' tr'JJri5',t''h-r cirfnnt.iuccs olUa-mt ajr-ravHtt-il

ano oiitraooi.5 haracter. In the Ion period tiunu,' whir.-', i.ca'niiuiil and carm-st appeals have t-een rn i h to the quit and iiriiiatiimitT of i'ratice, in he half , I these claims, their justice has nut bern, as it eouhl rut he, t'tniciJ. It was hoped that the sic-

''ion ot ,t uevT Sovereign to the throne

ii.iTe ailorded a favorable opportunity tor presenting ; hem to the coii-cJei atioii of his Gov ernaient. I'lic tav.- ht.ii ire',erift-! and urreL lulhertn.

i i - '

without eiut. Tht rt:.a'.rd

.'ind ernrt n i rt

st it. n ol our ,MirnttT at ti.e Court of France,

: Iv j ; rcn ah a t t wiiuout an ;mwcr. i re the de- ! i, .-,.. I c ..",. ... . - . . a . : . . .... . c i .i

' sf" ti cI' "tt" " "eon im; uucu oi fiieo ouicr f u j tihii- (t n.ljuilirjtiun bv the s, i.tence of au iinl! irti il triiiii!. i. thti-o to w hie h I now reA r would

muz fci-ici h ivc beta settles, alio nd ipMtf indemnit on! Lave b i ii ..., ui.cd. I here are large niiount ol" iii.ihtr elairi. u; on the .Ni tlerluitdi, Xa-

; -5. and Di-tuu irk V,u !.u-o "nuti Sf

o--"pun avn, r rior to ! ... . . - i,.. i.

1'iin i, . .. .-. . Hani iu luiciu iii! tiMUii ; n id uv uu: U. I', indemfutv wa. itter m m vi itrn ot n itn-fit & e '

j j r ' m i'f t r in e, !,! aiot ai d tho-e upon Sw dMi

h ivel t t ii lately com roit.i d hj a pritate fettleiW n, in whieh the ei.'ir.innt- theutelvei have ac-hpiie-t ed. The GoTeriiiueuts of Denmark and. of j Naplt h ivc b-i ii nc -ntlv reminded of those vet j oxUtin; .:!.-! them ; nor will anj of tliem be tor- ; cntton while- a hoj f u,;y he indidiMl t.f obtaining i j'l-liee Ijv the mean within the rotiMitutioliul j-.ow-; r ol tin i M'l'ilm , and h ithout resor tu-t: to tl.oe i u.t a-urt-? of -df f edres v hu h, as well as the time, 'iixuiii;ancev and oci:asi ii, v,liih may require them, are v,it!;iri the i.c!u-if torupettnev of the

! It Lrif-1 iture.

;iai n' our.tdve. There ha. ii de .1. rare- ! ,z'"',s 5 Iiu,."t of both countries, and particular-

, i , .1 i . r i I I. Iv ' nia-s of c! aims, to a considerable amount, of iy ieeu a period in the history of, ivilized ;,ltiz u,ot-u. Uu.te.l Sutes upon th government in. lit, in uhichthe ;esieral condift '.ffhe'ioi Fr uue, of tademnitv for orooertv taken or ,!et-

Lnn

teieivcl bv pac

I.urope, 'villi a few p irti il and ur diappv e: ,'ptiaiiS, lias erjow'd ten verr-.ol pear,-. d'jri;i; which all her ( a ci -ir.mls, whatever the tlieor of their cntitutioi m.;4 iiave been, are .successively taught to i. ? 1 tliat the end of their ittit ution if t! . ' r.n 5! .'5 of t!n people ; and that t e , c i-e tif i er amonil men can be i:i-tiful : lv

hx v,- hlessin'' it o:der upon ih

whom it is extender. j During tfie sa:r.' period, our i' ter oure ith dl those nations ha? been parihe and iri : dl.v it o ontin ues. Since the , b-e j l v ur lat .cifn, no in :? n d anatio:. ha? x currcd in our H-l itiotjs with an of th-'in. In the ounnvrcial and i.avieation ! sv si- in of Great ih ilam, iinjiortaet charge- j of municipal romiUtioni !?ve iccenlh ! lje';i a:iCtt.M.ed by act? ol I .iliamet t, the ; .tf ct ol whic.ii. upon tne iiaeiet of other j iiations, and p;u li-cuba ly 'upon outs, ha-i not et been fully developed. In the r - 1 cei t renewal of the diplomatic i;.ision f r j both sides, In tweei' the two governments. ! assurance- Lav e 1 eon giv en and ieoied; of Ice c.oatit. nance and incre.'.sc ol t4iat ; intitiial conii i -oce and t oidmhtv h w I i , I j the adjii!fnent (d" mai) point- I hif'' ri t: e ;

u ad airmail v heen ehc. t; d, a.al wi.it n ai-j'.t.l-the -ure-t pltd t'r toe ultitiiohs.oilacton adju-tment of ihof 0 t ! . i h ldl ren, da open, or rr.av hereafter ari-e. 'i'"e policy of the United Stall-, in their com rert ial infer. LMs-e vv ith olnei : -.a lions, ha- tiv i) bet n of the ni.-1 liberal cbarac tti. I i tht mutual i ( lianire of their res-

pe, tiv production?, tliev have abtain.d ; all -tiier from prohibition; they have j interdicted them-elvc- the power o! la in;;

upon expoits, and whenever they

lave favored their own fcbinnint:, iv p,-

c;al pieferenco, or t:sclu?ie privilege? in

their own ports, it has been otilv with

view, to i ountei ai! similar tavors and exclusiongranted lj the nations with whom we have been cnaed in trafiic, to their ow ii people or liippiou, and to the di.-ad-vanlae of ours, lmmchatt lv after the cl -e of the last war, a proposal was fairly

rfi ,d' bv the art of Coi i;rcrs of the 3d

31 ir( h, 1C16, to all tle maratime nations, to la aside the system of retaliating re-

strii lion- and esclusioi, and to place the

Report recently received from the Agent on the part of the United States, there is reason to expect that the Commission will be closed at their next session, appointed for the 22d of May of the ensuing year. The other Commission appointed tonscertain the indemnities due (or slaves carried away from the United States, after the clo:e of the late war, have met w ith some difficulty which has delayed their progress in the enquiry. A reference has been made to the British Government on the subject, which it may be hoped, w ill tend to hasten the decision of the Commissioners, or serve as a substitute for it. Among the powers specifically granted to Congress by the constitution, are those of

) establishing uniform law on the subject of bankruptcies, throughout the U. States, and of providing for organizing, arming I and disciplining the militia, and tor govern

ing such part of them as may be employed

The

magnitude and complexity of the interests affected by legislation upon these subjects,

may account lor the fact, that, long, and

often as both of them have occupied the attention, and animated the debatcsof Con-

j yress, no system have et been devi-ed j for fulfilling, to the satisfaction of the comj munity, the duties prescribed by these j grants of power. To conciliate the claim I of the 'individual citizen to the enjoyment i of personal liberty, with the effective obli

gation to private contracts, is the difficult j problem to be solved by a law of bankruptley. Thce are objects of the deepeet interest to societr; affecting all that is pre-

V I VHIl 111 i I J V l AlJiLliLV Ul IIIUllllUUV; SX I I Jon, many of them in the classes essen tianlv dependent and helplefS; of the ae ! requiring nurture, and of the srx entitled to protection, from the free agency of the a rSi"

parent and the husband. 1 he organize tion of the militia is yet more indespen-i-ble to the liberties of the country. It isonIv by an effective militia that we can at

ono enj y the repose of peace, and bid de-

t

o .ti Hjiiii'Fj i'i lite i;ner.u af irii wiiii v. men li.e re;iu! he of (Jolouihia li;i rnreie satisf'nruon for vIl

-t e-.i-heo ci.ujii? ef a siu4l ir chai:irir. And a

to Con-

M.onir tht

iCo claiiofcfa siu4l ir chai:irir.

fo'-iuu nt- now co.fiijiij:jicat il

tax

I

will Lc di:-tiji?uj-!itl a Trent v of Ctniimerce

!: an ! ..iviati-.ii vrititth.it Uej ullie, the ratine Mtion? ; ol vvhii.li have hern i x, handed Eitueth, la.-l ncrss Jj oi ttif la cihaur. The in';ui i.tio.- of siiuifar t! trea'ji with all the -independent bouih Auiencan h -tales, hs het n cunteiapf it d, and ia.iv vtt be uij: roa-;di-hfd. The haf-is of th rn all, as proposed by j! the United states, las been hud in two prineiples , j the one of entire and unqualified rtciprotity; the oit.r r, the nintiial oi. ligation of the parties to place ji ea-h other permanently upon the footing of the

nio-t favorefi nation. Ttwse principles are, indeetf, i'!; i i n-iai.l, to the .uVetu.il einatu ipation of the Viaericitn henu-phi ie from Ua- thraldom of coloni7it! iiionp(die- and excliwom- an event rapidly r, ilizii.c ifi the progress oi human :lfair, and w hirh the resistance -till opposed in ct rlain parts of Kurope to the acknowledgment of the South American KepnhHc- a ind e: nd flit State-, will, it is believed.

l ntnhutt: more etfe, tiially to accom)lidi. The

time has been, and 1hat tiot remote,- when some of tlio-e States miht, in their anxioH? desires to obtain n nominal recognition, have accepted of a nomiri i mde en lencc cIor'il with burdensome condition-, and exehisive commercial privileges prantcd to the nation from which thev have sf panted, to the ir'jndicc of all others. They are now all aw:rc l!i:t noli iihii'i'.ui ri :inv I ' n ro . -:t n Iri.

ol tion, would be iiieoinratnhlH with that indetiend-

en e which they ba ,1, clared am! maintained. Anions the measures which have been

U'j;r;ested to them by the new relations

trade, on a fooling of equalit) in respect

to the duties i f tonnage ar d nnpoct. 1 hi ;.ffer was p ii fiallv and Micees.-iveh at cepted by Or. a! Britain, Sweden, tlie .,,'therd's. the H u.sealie C'tti ?, Tui'-ia, Sariiini.,t:a Ouk ol Oldenbui l:. ai d Ru-sia. It was al-o adopted, under ceitain modih 4 at ion-, :a eur 1 ite i iiimiii i , ial tti en t ion it'i France. Ai 1, bv the l of Cote're-.-of Jila Jauuan , loi!4, it has leia ivtd a i.ew t .'(iiitirmatioe, vv ito all the nati"iis who l ad acceded t il, and h.i- been oTered aaiti fi all those who are, ,i may l.e after lie illi!- to abio'e in i-,'ipi i.ei! by if. But all these regulations, whether c-tab-li-hed by treaty, or by munh . ipa! enact ni ' Ts, are still subject to one important le-tr'n titin. The removal ot disci iminatir dutii-e. of tonnage and import, is limited?" the aiti b of the growth, preduce. or nunufiicture, cf the country to v. Uldi

ahipnin" of both pi'.rties to the t umrnen i; w ith one another, resulting from the re

I-- ' . . . . . . .. . t . i . . . ....

! eenl chanres ot their conuition, is that ol ! a-seiitblinjjj at the Isthmus of Panama, a Congress:, at which each of them -hould be ! represented, to deliberate upon objects I important to the welfare; ofall. The Re1 publics of Colombia, of Mexico, & of Central America, have already deputed Plenipotentiaries su,h a meeting, and they I have invited the United States to he also ; represented by their Ministers. The inly itation ha-been accepted, and Ministers

on the part of the United States will be commissioned to attend at those; deliberations, and to take pail in them, so far ns maybe compatible with that iieutralit) from which it is, neither our intention, nor the desire of the other American States, that we should depart. The Commissioner under the Seventh Article of the Treaty of Ghent have so uearlv completed their labors, that, by the

militia- that we are constituted an armed

! nation, standing in perpetual panoply of ! defence, in the presence of all the other naj tions of the earth. To this end, it would j be necessary so to shape its organization, I as to give it a more united and active cni erry. There are laws for establising an I uniform militia throughout the United States, and for urming and equipping its whole bodv, But it is a body of disloca-

Ii i-with jjrt-at -ti?":rtion that l nni enabled to ii ted members, without the vigor of unity.

and having little of uniformity but the ' name. To infuse into this most importar t j institution the power of which it is sucept ible, and to make it available for the de- ; fence of the Union, at the shortest notice, and at the smallest expense of lime, of life, ; and of trca-urc, arc among the benefits to be expected from the persevering dcliber- ' ations of Congress. i Among the unequivocal indications of

our national prosperity, is the nourishing state our finances. The revenues of the present year, from all their principal sour ces, will exceed the anticipations of the last. The balance in the Treasury,on the first of January last was short of two millions of dollars, exclusive of two millions and a half, being the moiety of the loan of five millions, authorized by the act of the 2Gth of Ma , 1 824. The receipts into the Treasury from the first of January to the 13th of September, exclusive of the other moiety of the same loan, are estimated at sixteen millions five hundred thousand dollars; and it is expected that those of the current quarter will exceed five millions of dollars; forming an aggregate of receipts ofnearly twenty-two millions, independent of the loan. The expenditures of the year will not exceed that fum moie than two millions. Bv those expenditures, nearly eight millions of the principal of the publie debt have been discharged. More than a million and a half has been devoted to the debt of gratitude to the warriors of the Revolution: a nearly equal sum to the construction of fortifications, and the acquisition of ordnance and other permanent, preparatives of national defence: half a million to the gradual increase of the Navy: anequalsum for piirchaseitotfTcrritnry from the Indians, ami payment of annuities to them: and upward of a million for objects of Internal Improvement, authorised by special acts of thu hut Congress. If we add to these four millions of dollar- for payment of interest upon the public debt, there remains h sum of about seven millions, which have defrayed the whole expense of

the -Administration of Government, in its

Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary Departments, including the support rf the Military it Naval Establishments,and all the occasional contingencies of a Government co-extensive with the Union. The amount of duties secured on merchandise imported from the commencement of the year, is about twenty-five millions and a half; and that which will accrue during the current quarter, is estimated at five millions and a half; from these thirty-one millions, deducting the drawbacks, estimated at less than seven millicss, a sum exceeding twenty-four millions w ill constitute the revenue of the year; and will exceed the whole expenditures c f the year. The entire amount of public debt remaining due on the first of January next, will be short of eighty one million ot dollars. By nn act of Congress of the third of March last,a loan of twelve millionsof dollars was authorized at four and a half per cent. ,)r an exchange of stock to that amount of four and a half per cert, fi r a stock of six per cent, to create a fui d for extinguishing an equnl amount of the public debt, bearing au interest of six per r i t. redeemable in the yearon thousand eight hundred and twenty six. An account of the measures taken to give effect to this

act will belaid before you by tht Secreta

ry of the Treasury. As the object which I it had in view lias been but partialh accomplished, it will be for the corsideration of Congress, whether the power with I which it clothed the Executive should not j be i one wed at an early da3- of the piesent session, and under what modification. I The act of Congress of the third -f ! March lat directing the Se retarv of the (Treasury to subscribe, in the name and for the use of the U State-, loOO, shares of the capital stock of the Chesapeake m d Delaware Camd Cwmpani, has been exe-

! cuted by the actual subscription fur the a-

mouiu 5pecuiea ; anu ucn other mea-urcs have been adopted by that ofliccr, urnier the act. as the fulfilment of its intention- requires. The latest accounts received of this important undertaking, authorize the belief that it is in successful progre-s. The payments into the Treasurv from proceeds of the sales of the Pu dic Ja ds, during the present ear, were estimated at one million of dollars. The actual receipts of the two first quarters have (alien

j very little short of that Minv.it is not expected

that the second half of the vear will he equally productive; hut the income i.f the year from that source may now be safely estimated at a million and a half. The act of of 18th May, 1824 to provide fr the extinguishment ol the debt due t the United States by the purchasers of public lands, was limited in it operation if n lief tothepurchaser,tothe 10th ot Aprd 1 . Its effects at the end of the quarter ..uui jj which it expired, was to redm, that debt from ten to seven millions. Bv the op-ration of similar prior laws ol rt liei. nein and since that of yd March., 1821, the debt has been reduced, from upwards of twentytwo million?, to ton. It is exceedingly desirable that it should be extinguished altogether: and to facilitate tliat consun nmtion, I recommend to Congress the revival, for one year or more, of the act of ICth May, 1824, with such provisional modifications as may be necessary to gu id the public interest against fraudulfi t practices iu the resale of the relinquished land. The purchasers of the publii lat d- t, amongthe most useful of our fellow ritiz ..s; and, since the system of sales for cash ah au has been introduced, great indulgence has been justly extended to those who had previously purchased upon credit. T-o debt which had been contracted under the credit sales had become unweildly, and its i xtinction was alike advantageous tu the purchaser and the public. Umior the. sy,, rn of sales, matured, as it has been, bv experience, and adapted to the exigencies, of the times, the lands will continue, as. they have become, an abundant source ofievenue; and when the pledge of them to the public creditor shall have been redeemed by the entire discharge of the national debt, the swelling tide of wealth with which thev replemish the common Treasury may he made to retlow in unf.ulit rj streams of improvement from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. The condition of the various branches of the public service resorting frora the Department of vVar, and their administration during the current year, will he ex ibited in the report from the Secretary ,,f War, and tho accompanying documents