Public Leger, Volume 2, Number 77, Richmond, Wayne County, 24 September 1825 — Page 2

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tiand of civilization is seen. Their manners are softened, their minds improved, by education. The useful arts are introduced among them: The shuttle and the loom, the hammer and thcanvil,are heard in their huls,and school house?, and churches seen in their villages. The blood-stained hatchet is buried, it is hoped forever, and Christianity and civilization, aided by the enlightened policy of our government, are gradually raising these tribes from a state of ignorance and barbarity. With this happy prospect on one side, and impending ruin and extirpation on the other, these helph ss children of the forest appeal to the representatives of the American people, and call upon them to rescue them from degradation, exile. and death. They have a right to a kind and attentive audience, Thev arc men like om selves more ignor ant, less civilized and powerful, but still men. To their present state thev have been reduced or advanced, according to the decision of this question, by the arrival of the Europeans. The few comforts, hopes, and pleasure?, they have, they highly value. Their apparent insensibility is the result ofeducation, and not of apathy. It doe i. ot prove the absence of passion but of self-control. It is the frozen surface of a volcano, under which the tire burns

Chiefs of the tribe were opposed to the cession. Quarrels between those who signed, and those who opposed the treaty, immediately followed the sale; and, as in the case of APIntosh, one of those signing the treaty was put to death by the other part v. This treaty, however, was not carried into c fleet. The Indians were not declared in a state of hostility with the U. States, and tranquility was restored to the tribe, to the honor of our Government by annul ling the agreement. We also feel c ompelled to make some remarks upon another topic, not necessarily connected with the controversy between Georgia and the Cree ks, although Gov. Troup has endeavored tojoin them together, or at least to create a belief of their necessary connexion. We allude to those parts of hi? messages accusing the General Government of an intention to emancipate the slaves in the Southern States, and to strip the inhabitants ot their property without compensation. It is uuncessary to refute this idle accusation. It could not have been seriously made bv anv man in the exercise of his sober faculties, and we do not think so meanly ol 'Gov. Troup's capacity as to suppose that he himself believed Hie adminis

tration to have adopteu a policy en that

more fierceh, because suppressed. With j subject, equally at variance with prudence

their natural p rions unsubdued, they hue j and (lie Constitution, lie had no ev idence j Grande, had sworn their independence,

FORBIGH AFFAIRS. South America. In the brig Leandcr at New-York from Carthagcna, came passenger Henry Ogden, Esq. the bearer of despatches; to our government from Col. Watts, our Charge cP A flairs to the republic of Colombia. lie left Bogota on the 19th of J ul v . and brings Carthagcna Gazettes to the first of August, and verbal intelligence I rem Lima to June 17, Callao stilllield out against the patriots of Peru ;

but owing to the want of provisions, it was j thought that the royalists would have to j surrender bv the middle of August. Boli- j var was in Upper Peru, Admiral Guise j

was imprisoned by the patriots ot Lima, The United States ship Peacock was laying in the harbor of Chorillos. The frigate United Stales, and the schooner Dolphin,

were to windward, all well. The only j

Spanish privateer in Chiloe had been captured, Jose Joaquin Olmedo, a native of the department of Guayaquil, has been appointed minister plenipotentiary from the republic of Peru to the government of his Britannic majesty, Olaneta was in Potosi with 1400 men. By official communications from General Sucre, dated in La Paz,

j 2nd and 4th ol March, we learn that the Soanish trooes which oDDiesed Valle

I Troocs were expected from

a... .-i , 1 riM:..

rtrv Oriontal wirr nlmi1.. 1j

The London steam washing

their advertisement for a coiitidci3'"' vant, among other qualifications ' 'he must be enabled to manage'a iV'i'"' of women T We hope the ladi-, ?r

eieem ns ruue, u we niurm that the must have a bold heart who underlie'. !

suuauoo.

aad hate more st ronglv than the whites. 1 upon which he could ground a charge so

Above all other things, they are attached grave and important, it true, to their native soil." To 'that they cling ;. When, however, we rellect upon t.he exvvith all that tenacitv , so peculiar to the treme anxiety ev inced by him to obtain Indian character. Their love ol life sinks these lands, and the unjustifiable, means into insignificance, when compared with j -'adopted for that purpose; is it unfiir to the wv rpowering inlluence ef this princ i-j conclude that he appealed to the picjudiple; ,-iiitl their ancient recollection, and i ccs of the inhabitants of the Southern present fe linns, thronging upon their t States, in order to induce them to make minds, alma-t with one voice thev c rv : ! comm n cause with Georgia in any ques-

4,Lt U' pea eabh possess our countrv, or j tion which might arise as to the validity ot j

oealu. II 'W can e sa u uir ; uos ucai : lie koc ijuv nanm. -

were to anv interference with that species i

with u

give u

bones of our fathers, rise and

into a foreign land Y Let congress anwerthis strong and irresistible appeaf.a the nation would answer if. bv annulling the tieaty,and putting the Creeks in the ame situation they lie Id before it was made. N other course is compatible with fair dealing, , or national honor. 1 stead of driving them from their lands, It t the government continue its effort? to civ ilize and attach them to the soil, and thev will love and cherish the white men as their benefactors. Their posterity will rise up and call u- blessed; and a community of civilized aboriginals will exist in the boom of thi countrv, a the proudest ev ider.ee of the beneficence of thi" government, of an unstained national charade, and of the pow er of ivihzation. Before w e ( lose this article, it i? perhaps, necessary to examine two topics, which are incidentally connected with this subject. The treaty has been formally ratified on our part; and it may be objected, by those who are determined n it' execution, that it cannot lie rescinded without the consei t of those Creeks who signed it. and that the Sol" tribunal to judge of it? validity, is the se, ate. Those who raided this hitter objection do not advert to the fact, that the treaties with the Indians, though formal! snnctioood bv the senate, are rather inter nal regulations, than treaties, properly so call'-d. w ,ieh are between powers entirely independent. It is the right of the house, if it -ImuIJ (liM'init necessary, to extend its guardian shield for the protection of the Indians w ithin our limits, from all hardship and injustice. The representatives of the people are as much interested in the preservation of our national character, ; s the representatives of the states; and if they should find, as they will in this case, that the treaty ought to be rescinded, they may refuse to carry it into eflect. The cession ot a large tract of public lauds, and the stipulation to pay a sum of money, give a peculiar strength to the co-equal right of the boas, to examine the subject. This objection, however, is put at rest, together with that founded upon the rights vested in the Creeks, who made the treat v, bv the fraud at the bottom of the transact tion. If the instrument he tainted with fraud, it is void, and either branch of Congress rnav declare it to be so. If there should beany difference of opinion on the subject between the two Houses, it will then remain with the executive to say, whether, under existing circumstances, he w ill carry the treaty into effect. Such a power must necessarily exist, or the United States would be subjec t to imposition, the Republic liable to disgrace, and the Indians would be defrauded and exterminated, without the right of interference on the part of the Government to prevent any of these catastrophes-. Precedents for a similar exercise of power may be found in the short history of our present Government. Under the administration of ilr. Monroe, a treaty of this sort, concluded with a portion of the Menominee?, for the purchase of a large portion of their land, was declared void bv the President on this very ground. Nearly all the real acknowledged

of property by the National Government.; and that, with excited fears and inflamed j passions, tl:ey might be induced toas?cnt to j conclusions, w hich, in their more deiibcr- j ate moment, they would condemn ; and j

we fear that this topic was introduced to gain supporters to tiiis system of oppression airainst the red men. from all wno might

t u j deem one code of morals, applicable to j questions between the whites, and another j I to those between men. ot ditfi ent complex j ions. It is impossible that this appeal j should produce such an ctlect. On the j subject of slavery , it is true, our views are j

ditferent from those ot our Southern bieth

! em. W e have declared the emancipation i or freedom ol the negro, so lar as our Statelaws could reach. They have adhered to an opposite system. They have no desire to force their system upon u-. We do not imagine tout the National Government i? authorized to inieriere w . 1 i i thai subj ct in the scirral $ttt$, exc ept in case oi actual : or impending rebellion. Other opinions are indeed imputed to the citizens oi this quarter, whenever it is necessary to rally the Southern Slates under one political banner; but the mass of the people of the North, v hile toe y condemn slavery , and ardent bv desii e itscxtinc tion,atill feci the ditlin 1 1 under which those States, possessing

I that species of property, labor; and know j ; that it would be neither prudent nor phi "j ; Janthropn to apply a sudden remedy to an evil requiring ears to cure. Thev wish!

and that the result of this event was the

emancipation of the provinces of Santa Cruz. Moos, and Chiquitos. and inc orporation of a chosen body of 200 men into the Liberating army. The province ol Chuquisaca swore its indepe: deuce on the 22d of February , and Col. Lopes has joined the

i sacred cause of liberty, with his distinguish

ed corps, the only one left belonging to Olaneta. Gen. Sucre concludes with this observation 4,it will give you the greatest pleasure to hear that we count as our own the liist town that declared its independence sixteen v ears ago." The last letterof General Sucre to hisex cefh'f ey the- Vice Piesident, is dated Or dm, March IS; theme he was to continue

his march towards Potnsi, with three Peru

vian battalions and 100 cavalrv. One di

vision of the Colombian troops has been; station at Arequipa.underlhe order ol Gen. j Lara; another at La P..z undei Gr-n. Cor I dova. Transports are now preparing in j Guayaquil for bringing back to the Uepub-lie-the half of the Colombian armv which! has had the imperishable glory of leaving , their countrv and ch parting from Peru, at j V 1 ler the most splendid victor. j In consequence tf a motion made in the i Congress of Colombia, bv Dr. Perez a rep- ; resentafive from Caracas, that Gei . P,n z ; should be; ac Used before the Sc nate for t declaring Venezuela under martail law. Gen. P. lias addre-sed a letter to the Lxe- i cutive, demanding satisfaction for such an attac k upon his character, either by an ex- j prcssion in his favor by Congress, or a ge; -; oral acknowledgement from the Depulv.i A4 the Congress did not accede to the motion, however thev discountenanced it:!

! to participate neither in the moral respon-' ! r i l. i a .ivi n r i I . t i t n f ' v i mT a,.n..,.iA ?

. . - 4. 4 . .. ., , , .) Capt. Jot, ol the ship hus.uiehannah, am ! business. I hev preferlhat the cv il should :l I .vj'.k .. . . t i

BOLIVAR. It has been stated ia Colombian paper, that two attempt. been made to assassinate the Li)r.r.,'Lr Bolivar. A letter from Bogota, pti;.:v,(; in the London journals says that thi fn

of mankind had escaped the (!ag,.r ? ', ''

assassin, wluc h fiad been raised w,, him no less than seven or eight timr?. 1

tfie recent secret murder, at Lima, ofj. Monteagudo, it was ascertained, one niing the body , that he had been !,

with asnarp insuumen;. 1 His Ic ci to examination of all the cutlers in ti p C!tv when one of them stated that he l:::(hlirir'. ened two poiniards, at the request of a i curn, with whose name he was unnrquaj. .

ed.but that lie should know him it'Ut,n. hirn again. " proclamation (co:itii,aK

the writer) was immediately issued, crdcringa general enlistment for the rarr.v, i,t; excepting all slaves and black men. v r

a trap laid them as necessary fer the $.rvice of the city; to which effect tin v . ITp ordered to call for a bill of exemptions the ofiice of the Adjutant General. Tlpresented themselves accordingly nn.hir cutler who was concealed, easily k:.'-v the owner of the two poiniards, wlioii.v.i been suddenly grasped, as the rrumlntr

of Mr. Montcagudo, was aked v. iii rct';,? two poiniards w cre.rir;swred by cot fess'n.7, his guilt, and producing one of flic tinhe added, that as he could not have bt en discovered but by the decrees of Providence, he would declare that he bad beer seduc ed to that crime by the Govcric r of Iho rnstlf of Cailoa. (see the model cftUt infamiajs perilinnnd !) and that thed! : noinianl was to be found within the ?l"vc

!! of the left arm of Gen. B livar's head ser

vant, who was to murder him the ni'.t that verv dav. The poirsiard was tui.t a- it was said." la'l. Pr.t.

"Kt tu PruU ? 7,'u n full." TeotT. 'r in 1h" I o'!iiroi: J nm:i I.

,t. K.iin. Hih. Tronn. and ( v:T

ft I ' - - - I -

Wft

and the constitution sec ures the members 1 of Congress against responsibility for their ; expressions in the Chambers. The language of the General is bold and pe- ! remptory ; but (here appears to be nodisp- j sition to succumb to him. The Bogota government paper is equally bold and reso- j lute in defence of the constitution. j

Bi'enos Aykes. We are indebted to

be left to the discretion of the State Legislatures. Still as citizens of our country , feeling the servile system to be a common wcakness,they are willing that the expense

of its extinction should be a common sacri-!

lice; and while it continues to exist, it cannot be doubted, that whenever the subject shall be constitutionally before the National Legislature, their votes and voices will be always consonant, with the principles of that declaration, which first gave birth to the Republic. This difference of opinion, however, ought not, and, it is to be trusted, w ill not, operate to the injury of the Creeks in a

question of an entirely ditferent nature.!

Strange:, indeed, must be the infatuation, and invincible the pre judice, which could bind men together in a party, whose pretext is to perpetuate and strengthen the system of slavery, and whose object is the extermination of an Indian nation, under color of a treaty' procured by deception and fraud, sanctioned by premature haste,

and which must he executed by force in! violation of the plighted faith of the Na-j tional Government.

The National Journal of the Cth inst. says: We have this day the satisfaction to lay before our readers the judgment ejf the Court Martial, by which Capt. Stewart is acquitted, of the various chaiges pre ferred against him. We congratulate the gallant elliccr himself, the navy, and the country generally, on the happy result cf this investigation'

ved at Perth Ambov, for a particular de

tail of the state ot affairs in the Southern

part of the continent. e regret that 1 we have time only to give an abridged ac-1 count of the facts he communicated. j On the 5th of July, he left at anchor,' in the outer Roads of Buenos Avres, the frigate IMaria de Gloria, '2 corvetts, 3 gun j brigs, 3 gun boats, and a schooner, all Bra- ! zillian, whose boats examine all vessels i going out of the river Plate, "to prevent! piracy The admiral had demanded of I Buenos Ay res the renunciation of all claims to the Banda Oriental, but the gov-1 ernment had refused to negociate while ! the force remains there. The Patriots j had 3,000 men well armed and disc iplined: 1000 in Santa Lucca Cbica, 1000 in Durazno, 30O near Colonia, which his impe- i rial Majesty's troops held, &c. &c. The :

coAst and K10 Negro are scoured, and the enemy watched. In Monte Video are 2000 regulars, besides the inhabitants 'enrolled. Callerois president of the Patriot Government at Florida, ami they depend on friends at Buenos Ay res for arms, &e. Invasion of Pent Inj the Brazilians, The Congress of Buenos Ay res had been advised by. Gen. Sucre, that 7000 Brazilians had entered and occupied the Province of Chiquitos in Upper Peru, about Apiil 20, probably with the hope of making a diversion in favor, of the Spaniards, not knowing of the victory of Ay achacho. Gen. Sucre had sent to expel them, and it was believed that the free states of South America would make common cause against Brazil. Gen.

Alvcar had gone to sec Gen. Sucre, and'

other facthe Nt in Georgia, or e-i-ewhit'. that Louisiana never will confede rite with anv state, northern, southern, cr tern in a; v measure that can (!itnr; the harmonv or endanger the union ni the-republic The v considerate complain of certain pieces in Kentucky ai (I ; r-1,!" ia, have made 1:0 impression in I ,oiiis.'Hi. TheV ;,rr- considered as honest opir ix! patriotic men. made from idle apepLrr--ions of u-warrantable encroachments e:i

t nnrt ,-,r!w tm i mn:i 1 inoieiaTV. I 'f

apprehensions have not reae lied u-.

have . n in the opinion of the Snn

j Court of the United States, alum! j fearless reposition of the law, without ever

taking into consideration wnat c cm. might be parsed npon the Cnnrt by tni faction demagogue cr disappointed litigant. We have not felt the "dark -ad dangerous constructions of designing inn clothed with judicial powers, on our constitutional rights' nor have we beanlot any "snivelling insinuations of b:l nv n rn the door of congress" against ear kret;iinecl rights It remains for men with eph a keen as thoe of Gov. Troup, to sec th;:c which has no existence except in a bewildered brain or a profligate heart. U'e are assured that we utter the sentiments of every honorable Louisiai.iai when discarding state jealousy and st.-ito pride, we apply to the nation the langnc of the lamented Decatur: "Ourcountn may it always be right; and may it abvnvs be successful right or wrong M ( n?c this language, not only to every foregtf foe, but to those ungrateful and disobcdion states who would disturb the national trai quility.

Two Knglish merchants meeting day in a coir.-ehouse, one of them m course of conversation, entered into a pm pons display of the extensiveness ot business, and among other things U-CT that the mere ink consumed by hi5 c'i r amounted annnallv to at least 30 filing. The other by way of trying the adage,"to sliarne a" liar, tell a gre ater m replied, kpoh! do you boast of that tnn.? why I save more than deulde thai sum every y ear by ordering my clerks omit the strokes of the fs and the dots

Queer Cask. The Grand Jury of : ' Lawrence County have found bilNof ird'fl ment against the'Judges of the county repeated and vexatious neglect of clu . and for sull'ering the terms to pass withe opening, the court. Chambcrsburg hp

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