Public Leger, Volume 2, Number 77, Richmond, Wayne County, 24 September 1825 — Page 1

Min, i", ' v -1 ESS fp n k Y

J il Oil icLr

n ? J nadc tol a,r,v on offend

this dp. Ig!

FRIENDLY TO THE IJF.ST PURSUITS

OF MAN,

77.

FRIENDLY TO THOUGHT, TO FREEDOM. AND TO PEACE." Couper.

mCHMOND, WAYNE COUNTRY. INDIANA, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER

24, 1S125.

-I) M ITIU.ISMKU EVERY SATURDAY BY fP 1 KDMUNI) S. BUXTON, v.n' sinct. opposite the Richmond Hotel. 17FkKrK "oFTMis I'A I Kit i tvr. . . 4lf.. .... -

-1,1 f),?I'ir in.J run -ms mi "iij-iwo ruira-

t

!c p-iiil Hi advance; Two Doll, in if

u-itLiTi the v-ar, or Tw Dollar and Fifty "'. -f !h1t ;aul before the r;iration of ti e "r.l- avrmnt in advance brim: to the mutual

n, & .te.ior his signature, that body hav

ing ratihed it. It thus appears that the managers nf this

( business transmitted the treaty from the

western part ol Ueorgia with such despatcli, as to prevent those Indians who might be opposed to the sale of the land from being heard at Washington before its ratification. It is moreover asserted by Mr. Compere, the resident missioning i .

: the Creek nation, that the Creeks, conli-

umgn.iinc nenovolencc and pistice ot our

government w ere persuaded that the gov

ernment would not regard this as a treaty, .because it was not made with the consent of the nation. If this be the case, and there is no reasson to doubt it, a fraud has been practised upon the Indians, which it concerns the

(I character of the countrv to disclaim.

I he eves of Europe are upon us; and after all our lofty pretensions to humanity, benevolence and" jutire.it U not surnrisii".

'that thev should particularly regard the j ; manner in which we. dispose of the aboriginals. To Congress therefore, it. belong i to examine into the m.mi.nr in tvloeh tt

TM this parts by w hom the treaty has ); (n,ljv vva, ,uirjuded, and to decide the 1;,r! -auctioned, form- but a Mnall part ol , (jn,.tI;ii, n to it, uUiinat(. execution. t w uioruapp, ar-trum a "poll.uv.j, The procecdingsof the public authorities b:nelt to the legi-luture, urging of Georgia, since the ratitiration of this :::,,nvorta.,ceot tak,i-4 n"'av to pro- 1; treaty should not prevent ConUre from tl.ti--UeK wnoui lus u U(.-l,..,K. : n.nilli, it.thoihit would seen that their !. iiT ;m,(I fli:t't;.o tli t it.i ol ii ci! nimii ' l i

l - , i .o:p-ci v:b i o ure matters to such an ex

tremity, a to hut tlie door to anv temperat" ai ran jernent of the dilVicultv, and to drive the United States into open hostility with the Indian. The conduct of that "tate, well i:;re as before the ratiticatiou. is erju.tllv destitute of j;ood faith and !-eent r card to the opinion ofmank'ud. r'i it.il of the mor prominent steps of ihf .u'dle ;,ull oiitirs, will atlord us the Miret indirat ion of their motives, ai d will serve a a u-eiul Itson to all wlo advocate

I ( LI J L .

v'. v -ri-ti taken fr than six month?, and ,i . r U-oiitiiiueil until all arrearages are JjV.' 1 notify i !irontinuaiice nt theexnira- . , j i tr e tia.e ribeii lor, w ill he conn!i red , .-i ; i-ein"!:f . ,V1 ?.V lsn 'r" i:,f KM1" must AatT the postage

-t ;.ii M.i '4-.' c ailtnicd to. r'J rr;iM- F ADVKRTISING. r -.v-i Hnr-, " I' r three in-erlions One Dolf "ir ., h c.Mitinaan. e Twenty -ti e cent?. rr..r a !vt rti-"aje!it in the same proportion. "tH3 CKE2K INDIANS.

Krmi tt s-ork Itevifw. j

niiin'iii'jn oftiu Coutn.zmy U tic cut G caret i .nl the Cn tJkS.

CO.NC LI OKD.

.i,i.eu!!v terms witii tSeir ou..;i men.

'Ve an' hdonnrd !y ttt.it l u.n.Mit, lhat k;sti!c Creek hie "J u injurs, w '-;!' ti.e t'iciciitt p iiiv, uiiiui U:m!-ti. -k tj.rt fr tae nation, d n-a exceed 500. Ti.!- is not the ooi maik ol tiau i in ira:. taction. Ii i? a-or!ed, ti.at a leli H M'l: !f?!i t,.. me prti t i d i hiet, ioi:- ;. -? tiie f, ilow iii' pas;tir,.: ..( V(,,j ,.( j C. -id t sell oiir I i;.d, I WliS Ii i.ike ;;ise;;er j:e ou t,ie l.ir i-j .s, J.o,.m.i, .n.. ni!vd snail know it." U M ire-1. lv th it ! i:.t.si u. ( ! ij.ue inatie ; tl; iitpl t' i'l i ie t:;e. n-jr -ei tativ :; :;i"ou try . ". :! u. ut ?'ie k:,.u leiloo and

) i-i tie- c..rniei-h !-.' Uo r.ot t a I : ..".. j f ei an- ot tiie Inly iinpu' tlieir knou ied-: ot h: lU M I .t')-!.s tamdiaritv i i : .

cie.tii l: I I

.ran

i.

tlie helpless, unollending natives of the forest! We cannot adequately express our abhorence of sentiments like these. Again in his letter to General Ware, lie :s, "I sincerely trust, that if these infuriated monsters shall have the temerity to 7 to within our settled limits you may have the opportunity to eive them the bayonet freely, the instrument which they triost dread, and which is most appropriate to the occasion." I this the spirit with which these aboriginals should be treated? After we have

encouraged themto relinquishtheirancient hahits, for the customs and arts of civilized life, we seek to despoil them of their lands by a fraudulent treaty, and to drive them agaiiijnto the forest, with habits unfitted to sust iin the hardships of the hunting life, and with a longing wish for that civilization which we have encouraged them to hope, and debarred them from obtaining. In sucl a situation shall we prohibit them from complaining, or threaten them with tfie bayonet, because they visit justice upon those violators of their laws who have been the authors of their distress? We stand in a delicate lelation to those Indians. We inhabit the land of their ancestors. He are a powerful people, beyond the roach of their arms or of the arms of any who may undertake to avenge them.

They are weak, and few in number, indebted to our sense of justice for protection upon the soil which they once owned in absolute right. They have attempted todvilize the rising generation, and have ; -uttered white men to encompass them in jtiieir settlements, in the hope that they .might he preserved under the protecting arm ootids great republic, until in the fullness of time, they should be received into the bosom of he American family, and be identified with us, as one people. We .still have it in our power to drive them he

!iast and rash mea-mes in public affair-. vond the precincts of civilization, where, V urdiapp consequence of the unadvi- ' half sivageaud half civilized, they will soon -(I haste of Gov. Troup, will prohahh , tall victims to the difficulties of their situaa .d nlrnot i:ieitablv, raue more distrc-. tion ; or, in resisting, thev mav brini? unon

a 1 lass of huracter, than all the Indian

themselves universal destruction. The

ier a

not tMs

! 'a rei de;- d in. , lev an in"f:;.e JieaH it-, jf.' !. the s , ,,! i! I? i- ar . d. I, at t .e I' .:!ed States

i t . i . ( ie. k's v Q ),:.

t '

"ij. v. nil

lar.ds are n'or'Ji in a pecuniaty or political j: may ceri-h, .as thev have resolved to d, oit:t of view. j ii). ..a the sniuking, hlood-sIack'd ruins ,j S". rth after t!ic ratification of the trea- j tin ir hut-, and leave not a sqi.i1 to tdl the tv,(i.vernor Troup call- the legislatuie j1 tale. Tleir race ma) disappear from the f- 'jctla r at an t Mm sevh n, in crdei to H earth, and no historian, nor orator, of Iidi q).'i, ef ( se la:a!s. Before the meeting dian xtr.irtion, exists to narrate their

t lhat hed, however, the Crer l.s put to I; wr(i;g-. r to call down vcngoarict

e upor

o i i Men: .ii i ii ; a . 1 ;

I - 1 .( ''1.M, . . f ; . . if ! i i , , ! I . . ' ,1

f .ria u ar

i i tn.

.; ti! i! : i

nCU'.i.O a; - dl ion- rs i ' j-.ti.etf: :

i I .ell tl-i. . i.l. i i -i

. i.e.,,;, mi inn.M, mm rai.arau" l u-auMpiig- j iuo.-e who nave poss'Sseu tlwrne

! :., tor Moiatirg tne law nrnje at Brokt u j A row, Tlii - execution was mag: iln-d h

i': M ltil' ; iii-1 ti. I ( lover--or Tr.oip into an act of hosfdin to ioju-tice? Will not the page of history he

i :

les tl

tiieir fair inheritance. But will pohlir

.pinion be annihilated ? Can we forget our

Z. .l i"t's ; l : . 1 1 Ills I ; f I i i tfie I : ni!e! f ., f , c -ii .,1 Hist r -j . j i t n f a H i ni 1 1 -1 i ' 1 1 iri.iwxl ivitli tiw .vtirividiiti ,t

i lie : I a: d d !-:' ! -eme n t u w a- re. t nest ol fo order if, torn In r !i:it isf H 5 lie a ho rod n:iU t On r iti-i.-e twl i I ivi II rerul.

m i.!'' b lS -an

I hi- treat W h

! t'ii- -i;m di- r;- uled i th" u-u d n:a

r

t e V. eere- , com :-t a;.d

the h i-tib- I:,'!ian-, for inert enforcing an . that in the niu?teeith cei turv. the Ameri-

arlii b' of internal p' lice. The govern-j; can Congress ratified a fraudulent trealv, iie'nt very prpeilv (ha lines to interfere ; by which an Indian nation was deprived of

vvilh jh" irte-tine disputes of the Indians, ! its tcnitory, against its will, and without

i: discritnii ate -massacre, and Governor

Tp-up railed U the state south of the Potomac ! i ,vf;r, to tJicir anus.

:;-e:.tod a-sune-chai.e tei s not j H i-inieinpei;tte language has been so u-1; that the Senate was induced, by decep t- them, ha the j hi -p. .si- o iraud,! niv'-r-ally condemned.that it i scarcely nc- j tion, to ratify it ; and that still the nationa

wage

s e in., ii'i t. ti. !.. tt i)tt cniiirift nim'i lL' i! iMVITlimoi) m rnmin t'i- it ill. llin st:tt

n ti ii! Soase h whom they bad ;l excepting so far as it shows in connexion j authorities, proc eeded to execute it at the

t" '' coinrnis-uir.ei weie ;; mth tla- measures ol the state legislature.

. in !.! h tn - i 1V ,hl'- !i t'.-s. are ditt i' u? rl 1 h w..-" j v t, -li.ulate. that t'.o-e idehtn -t -t dtne: l i ! fM .,u-(

' C aaser ted t. el

,: ! ' Ihev s-ai-ht (, ee.taii. tia

' T."ltl ai ti ,

i "rra

- i-ue r.n m me hi a au-e thev kn w ,. the principle?, upon which the same gov- ' M ," the nati ei wa re best entitled t : ernment has ba d its claims. The legis v''t'.tv" ,?' ' x:'b had been most stib-j! lature, during the extra session, authorized t -crt to the ui-ie - Georgia, and had ! a survey of the land described in the trea : rr, -l iitrmneiifal in makir-g thi- frau-j! ty. and'enacted that they should be divid(j'l'i'1 tr,'a,-v" ,.,M ! i',,h huth, tiiis S-;00.-i cd among certain inhabitants of Georgia a.;- ta he i;siu!aited only among the j hy means of a land lottery. By these step? ' ,0 arty ; aid this partial di-trihu-j: they have sanctioned the doctrine setup : '-,oi hrihen ,,f a p.ation of the CreeksJ! ,y the Governor, that "upon the ratifira-'-'X; n -e ut the nation, is openly andj! tion of the treaty, the title and jurisdiction ; ; :'"ii.gh dt -f.a.ded U Gov. Troup, in; became absolute in Georgia," and that the

" L'e .a tii.. 7.1 i tv. it. .1 , i.... r..4i

r pi to protect the friendly Creek from r its consent that this treaty was made with

i a small party oi these ignorant creatures, i who were cajoled and bribed to be the inI struments of defrauding their countrymen

i'lorj,-

r, h (wa ver, to prevent anv am-

i- . i , . 1 . .

t i nit s,, dismal etui transactions hy ' 'tiw .-d government, this tre.atv w a-

a-hingto,, with the greatest des-

j , .u on the nmeteMdli day alter it -";eri coT;( huh d in tinvwesten. wihler---rgia, it wa laid b( fare the Sen- ;', ' ! t!" Uaited Slates at Washington, 1,if' ,uv ,a it,

I ('!(..

(. , -t, and was tran-mi tted to Mr. -'W;, and hv him handed to the Presiho.ule. j,l ofM.reh, with his advice, t:': nN dilication,as it was fair '.'' ' lf r and arromphsjied an object V;1..11'" 'ttd Stale, leSt desirous (,f

-"" wneti it

!

i' -aty w as , !. eluded on the 12th of

fl.ohl I ... .l-v.... TI..

- - "am it. hi i miii

(' IV, h tvire h on -in.,r.i ,..l I... !.

j 1 - .-v.vii a( v'l ti iiy 1 1 1 v

assent to the Senate, and

before the

who received

presidency fro in

:;u,itted to that body ;;;,ai(Mlol Mr AlI.imsw '-r-5acre--ion'o te vrL

in the matter than to furnish troops and funds to carry the treaty into clled. The title of the Indians is regarded as nothing; their claims upon our justice and sympathy nothing. Tlie assumed obligations of the United States are to he despised, because made with savages; and public opinion, and the great principles of moral justice and humanity, are to be set at nought by the American Congress they were by the Valverdes and Sepulvedasofthe I Oth century. "Depend upon if," says Gov. Troup, in his letter of May 3, 1Rfr, to Joseph .Matshall, "my revenge I w ill have. It will be sm h as we have reason to believe the Great Spirit would require! Such as our Christ would not think too much."!! Horrible, perversion of language! The nameof the God of Mercy, and of the teacher of

pure mortality, introduced to sanction this

unhallowed call for the extermination, ot ! their lands in preference to removing

! point of the bayonet, by the extermination

of trie Indians. Shall this last sentence close the record of this disgraceful transaction? Shall our descendants see the bones of the aboriginals whitening the western plains of Georgia, as enduring testimony of our cruelty and injustice? Such a deed would not l e entirely without precedents. We may find them in the conquest of IJispanioIa, in the subversion of Mexico and Bern, and in the records of the Kr glish Fast India Company. We may find them in the trial of Warren Hastings; and we shall also there find, the almost superdiumun denunciations of his avaricious cruelty, by Sheridan Fox, and Burke, when they vindicated the lights of India on the floor of the- British Parliament. Shall these Creeks meet in the A merican Congress with no corresponding feeling? Rome listened to the cries of Sici ly, and Britain to the complaints of Ii dia: is this republic alone to be insensible to th

voice of supplicating man? To Congress only can these poor children of nature look for relief. Their lands appear by our stalutc hook to be vested in the United State-. They feel unable to resist the power of our irme, but they have resolved never t leave their native land, and though the cannot resist, they know how t die. Their savage education has taught them t despise death, both approaching and pros

nt, and they have resolved to die upon

I'here is wisdom and mental greatness

in this resolution. They know what they have been they feel what they arc. When they rellect upon the power at 'ndependence of their ancestors, and contrast their state with the dependent and un. . itain condition of their descendants tai.ilized with hopes ofcivilization,wbich we f -bid themto realize-protractinga miser;- le existence, rendered wretched by repeated and compulsory removals farther into ine wilderness, as the white man approaches

j them; they may well demand in the shades of death, a refuge from the persecution and heartless contempt of the more powerful race which occupies the country. W hen they find the lire of civilization (for to them it has been a scorching and consuming idame) encircling their settlements, and ; daily narrowing their limits, and obstacles

thrown in the way of their improvement, which they had been taught not to expect; what wonder is il that in their despair, like the scorpion, they seek in death relief from pangs from which they can see no other means of escaping? Lot us shun, as we would the blackest dishonor, all agency in bringing upon them this fate. This self devotion of a whole people will not be without efT ct. The Indian huts, it is true cannot be compared with the Roman senate-house ; and a Creel; chieftain and his tribe, falling under American bayonets, will not have the impesj, g apparanceof conscript f ithersin their ivory chairs, submitting with dignity to the rage of tlie barbarian of Gaul: but the moral effect of a whole people oif rii g up their lives with silent p-signntion upon the altar of patriotism, will 'no the ;.m in Georgia as in Italy, and will plate f: e j,,. dian upon an equality with the P n soul. Will congress consent to sufl r this tragedy to be performed, with the sa t of the national government, and despoil fne Creeks of their land to distribute it amors the inhabitants ofGeorgia by a lai d lottery? Such is the object of this treaty - such is the mannner in which it must he ex uted; an! tho state legislature has previded for the iimnr'li'ile survey and fi?fi!niti)n in this shape, no doubt with the view ot pieventing the interference of coi gress bysetting up the doctrine of vested right, is an obstacle to oullifv ing the treaty. W I hthi jdea shall prevail, congress mut decide. It is a m.t grave and important question, deeply atfec tingour national character, and the success of free institutions. What an argument would it put in the mouths of the absolute party in the old world, to have these proceedings sanctioned by the representatives of the American people. We might then prate nf our regard for justice, of our respect for human rights; and we should prate in vain. They would answer our tirade against the ambition and cruelty of the monarchs of Furope, by pointing to the expulion and extirpation of the Creeks, and challenge us to li d a parallel in the blackest page of Furopean history. Even the Turkish Divan might reply to our Greek reflations, ai d our Greek subscriptions, hv expressing its infidel abhorrence, at the unnecessary , perfidious and dastardly inhumanity of Christian republicans towards defenceless Indians. "We,' they might retort, "meet men in arms who rebel against their ancient masters: but you massacre women and children, and d"fenceless savages, to whom you have pledged your nati ai faith for their safety and protection." From such a stain, may congress at ti g with prudence, but with vigour, deliver the republic. It now has it in its power to manifest a strict adherence of principle, that will do more honor to the United States than hundreds of victories achieved

by sea and by land. Such an instance of self-denial, will prove us to he sincere in our professions, and exaltour national character beyond the reach of scepticism. These Indians, too, will contribute to our honor in after ages. They have, already succeeded in the work of civilization, hevond the sanguine hopes of their most ardent friends. They have relinquished uunting, and become farmers and herdsmen. The forest begins to disappear from around them, and vast fields, rich with grain, smiling orchards, and meadows covered with flocks and herds, are found- in ihe midst of the wilderness, as monuments f the philnnthrophic and humane policy f the national government, and of the ability of the aboriginals to preserve their i a me, and to take their station among the iviliz ed nations of the earth. Neither i it upon the soil alone that tho