Public Leger, Volume 2, Number 71, Richmond, Wayne County, 6 August 1825 — Page 2

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FOREIGN AFFAIRS. Greece. On the 1 1th of May ,the Greek fleet, commanded by the brave Cunaris, who was in the advance guard with a tire ship, favored by a southerly wind, attack

ed the Egyptians. Canaris thew himself

among them and was so fortunate as to attach himself to one of their frigates two other fire ships attached themselves to other vessels, and, in this way, fire was communicated through the whole fleet. The consequence was, the destruction of more than sixty vessels, burnt, sunk and run ashore! It was thought that Ibrahim Pacha perished in this dreadful battle. In the early part of May, a great battle was fought in the neighbourhood of Navarin, in which the Greeks were entirely vic

torious. More than 3,000 of their enemies !

were left dead on the field. A Leghorn letter of 3Iay 30, says "Official accounts of this event have been published at Hydra."

There is a report that the Pacha of E- j It appears from a statement of the trade

gvpt is dead. The traitor Ulysses is said ;i ' ort au Prince, for the last year, that to have fallen into the hands of the Greeks. j the value of imports amounted to $2,262,The details of the complete defeat of Red-j1 $88, of which goods valued at CC1,7C9, schid Pacha are given in the papers Nice-'! were imported in American vessels. The

tem of Tcnality. tvhat would bo aid of our chief justice if he were to sell the offices of clerk, marshal), tipstulf and crier of his court, to the highest bidders? T. B. New-York, July 9. All the monrj -diners, and believers in Captain Kidd'a hiUen trcaure, in the upper patt of the citj, were set in motion last evening, by t report that a vast treasure in gold had been found by some labourers digging the foundation of a house in the vicinity of Chatham square. The facts upon which fame has already raied many a superstructure, we believe to be limply these: In digging for the foundation of a new building oa the site of the old brewerj, in Chatham square, near the Tradesmen's bank, the workmen suddenlj came upon a brick vault, about three feet long, two feet wide, and one foot deep, securely and hand, somely made. This vault was fourteen feet below the surface, and all around it the earth was solid. Those who discovered it say that nothing was contained in it; others, upon what foundation wo know not, say it contained a box, which was secretly carried away by the finders. A hundred rumours are afloat, which it would be idle to repeat,

or attempt to trace. The facts are as above stated; but for what purpose, at what time, and by whom, such a receptacle, in such a place, was constructed, we shall not attempt to conjecture.

tas commanded the Greeks. Many Egyp

tian vessels with provisions and stores have been captured. In a late debate in the Eritish house of commons, on a message from the king for an increased provision, on account of the

infant Dutchess of Kent and Duke of Cum-

duties during the same period amounted

to .453,337 08, of which sum $'201,550 45 accrued upon goods imported from 1 he United states. The export duties during the year amounted to ,$739,039 9. Of the exports there were 19,478,022 Us. coffee of which 6,508.649 lbs. came to the

berland, sir I. Cotiin, in alluding to some ; United States. From the above it appears observations that had been made respect-j tnat at least one-third of tho commerce of ed the embarrassed circumstances of the jj tne place is carried on by American citiduke of York, remarked, that he hoped j zcns ministers would soon comedown to the j house with a message for the payment of! Sovereignty of the People. There is his debts. He (sir I. Coffin), knew that his ! no expression more frequently used in poroyal highness owed his tailor 12,000 of; litical discussion, or patriotic oratorv, than which he could not get a shilling. J loud the tour words "Sovereignly of the Peolaugh.) ph" By artful demagogues they are inIn the course of a debate in the British troduccd for the purpose of tlattery.

House or commons on the 2 ah may, Mr. j; J hese shower praises on the People, beBrougham, speaking of the finances of the j cause they have offices to bestow, and he-

Royal fa mih, said

''There was the duke of York, whose circumstances were far below his expenditure; whose circumstances were so inCompetent to support the dignity of his station; who was so much overwhelmed by debts and embarassments, that his property was every day subject to execution; who could not go even to a common horse race without seeing his coach and horses taken from him for debt; and who was so often thrown into difficulties which anyprivate gentleman uM think doyil'u. and disgraceful." Chili. A letter from Valpariso, of March 27th, states, that the government was in a very unsettled state, and that a number of the members of congress w ere in prison for a conspiracy. They were to be tried by the legislative body. 'The harvest in Chili was very abundant, ar d it was supposed there was sufficient wheat for two years consumption, both in Chili and eru. Peru. The death of gen. Olaneta and Me submission or dispersion of the troops ihat he had under him, appears to be amply confirmed. Calao isyet tobe reduced, ai d then the southern America will owe no allegiance to Europe. Thf Journal des D-bat, a Paris paper, speaks with some nnxietv. concerning' an alh tnl Italian condf ration about to be formed nnlcr the au?' . -ce of Austria. It it certain that a Congress i r .v sitting at MiUn, of which the reputed b are. 1st to fffrt a termination of tin Greek trurgle; and secondly, to hring about among the Italian st ifes, a federation like that existing among the German powers In reft rerice to thi latter project the Journal de? Drbat :iy-s, "If Turin and Naples are to receive from Milan, the imperial ordt r, which are to deliru to thr-ir monarch? the concessions they may make-to thtir reople, then the jrojfct of a federation, not only will not satiny the Italians, but M ill disatify other nations trance has the naht to require that th- governments of Turin and Naples should be entirely free from all foreign domination. The Rourbor.i rt-iirnine at Naples, are the natural and political allies of those reiening over Spain. When the king of Sardinia obtained from the Congress of Vienna the important acquisition of Genoa, it wai literally stated in the conferences that that monarchy would serve as a b.trrii r between France And Austria. If, under the pretext of federation, the court of Turin i to he chained to the car of Aii'tria, r'rance would be injured, and the spirit of the treaty of Vienna be violated in an essential JOllit. "

From the N. Y. American. Plritvok Knci ish Junr.Es In looking over the debates in the British Parliament, under the date of May 16, 1 was surprised to see the following passages: Mr. Scarlett moved, for fixing the salaries of Chief Justices, by the average of the emoluments for the last twenty years " The Chancellor of the Exchequer said, that the

plan was not so lair as it appeared to be. Some of

the Judges in the succession profited largrly by the sale of the offices under them with others, none fell racant to fell during their whole public life. The preent chief Justice has as yet made nothing of his offices, (cc. " I was aware that this was the fact, hut had no idea that it would be thus publicly alluded to, without producing severe animadversion. On the contrary, not one of the most rigid reformers, not even Mr. Hume, made the least remark npon this tale of judicial offices hy the chief justice; and although the debate is recorded in one of the most radical of the English journals, the editor does not seem to &9 aware oltUerc bcicg auy itppropritly lOtbisiyt-

cause on their opinions depends the cur

: rent of popularity of every public man. I The People, however, cannot he too caui tious in accepting the panegyricks of such , characters, lest they should be made the , dupes of presumptions ambition. In our , estimation, respect for the sovereignty of ; the People is best shown by those who asj siduously labour to multiply the means of j education among all classes of citizens, and those who endeavor to diffuse information ; among them. With regard to the former, j it .., ; utt.tij i.iti.;.. piovj ince of the Statesman; and with respect j to the latter, it is a duty which appertains to an intelligent and vigilant Press. Edu- ' cation enables the people to profit hy knowledge; and, acting more upon the operation of their own understandings, they j will be the better preserved from the de- ; signs and intrigues of the politicians who. : for their own aggrandizement, find it neI cessary to deceive them, j This sovereignty of the people, by ma- ! nv, is made to consist in the absolute willof

the people, whether properly or improp- : erly directed. That they possess an indefeasible right to the exercise of an absolute will, is undoubtedly true; presided, however, that it is enlightened. If it be ar ignorant or an uninformed will, it may ietermine wrongly as well as correctly, & ; might, on some occasions, prove injurious to the best interests of the country. In ; this respect, the citizens of the U. States I have good grounds for self-congratulation.

The chief excellence of this inherent , right of popular sovereignty in our happy

j Union, is the discretion and wisdom which ; the people have generally evinced in their

decision on subjects of national concern, and incases where fundamental principles of government have been involved. There have never been w anting among us restless spirits to stir up animosity and excite faction. But they have sooner or later, been ballled in all their tumultuary projects, and the sovereign will of the people has never failed to bring a Hairs to a just bal ance. That which, in other countries, would have provoked insurrection, revolution, and bloodshed, has passed olT, in the United States, without injury to society, and without danger to the government, or to the community. Foreigners greatly misunderstand us, when they anticipate evils and changes from the occasional fermentation which sometimes precedes our elections. There is, in reality, no bad temper at bottom. The fermentation is sure to work itself off, and leave the public mind, in the sequel, in a state of pure and perfect tranquility . Not a bayonet or a bullet is requisite to compose the feelings of society . It regains its peaceful equilibrium by its own intellectual elasticity. No population of equal extcnt cn the surface of the globe exhibits so delightful a display of rationality as the citizens of the Unite d States in the management of government. They criticise thev cavil "to

" . -f -

public agents, and their conduct in oflke; yet, in the very height of their conflict, a stroke of wit or a breliant argument is admired and respected by the most angry antagonists. The only effort is to produce a more lively sally or better logic, and thus to win reputation by mental vigor. In this, the American people resemble the ancient Athenians, whose applause in their political commotions always waited on the person who said the wittiest thing, or employed the most forcible reasoning. Dr. Franklin has observed, that there are croakers at all times and in all places:

Ithat is, croakers of impending ruin or mis- ! chief; and, if we examine our national an- ! nals, we shall find that there have been ! abundance of them within the last fifty ! years. Upon the Declaration of Independence, ; in 1776, there were croakers, who predicted the failure of that glorious enterprise. It is needless to say, that they were false prophets. The absolute and enlightened will of the people effected the object. ! On the ratification of the present constitution, there were those who undertook I to declare, that, however it might answer

for a police government, it would never stand the shock of foreign war. The sovereign people, nevertheless, by their intelligent will, made up for all the supposed defects, & our arms have been triumphant. Resistance to the laws has been made, parties have been organize d, and factious individuals have blown the blast of discord.

It has been in vain. Nothing could seri-

ously disturb the public peace. Ieason, !

! through the medium of the popular w ill, i has been completely victorious over the j obstinacy of ignorance, the stubbornness of j prejudice, the eontivances of ambition, ar d the sanction of false-hearted demagogues. There is one circumstance which has contributed in no small de gree to this propitious ftate of things. It is the extent of our republic. The politicalatmosphere ' is so extensive, that if storms prevail in one quarter, serenity reigns in another ; and it will never, perhaps, occ ur, that, at the same time, the whole will be in a tempesj tuous condition. Thus, if in any one part, ! the will of the people should be so perverted as to hose the attribute of wUdom, the calm rationality of the remainder will serve j to.bring it back, by friendly persuasion, to j a better dispoMtion. J:t. Juurnul.

The following is the beautiful apostrophe of Mr. Webber to gen. Lafayette, at Bunker Hill, on the 17th ol June. -3 f, -. .... -rumli 1..1 .- n iri rnn r;

I the establishment of great public principies of liberty, and to do honor to the distinguished dead. The occasion i? too scivere for eulogy to the living. But, sir,

your interesting relation to this country, the peculiar circumstances which surround us, call on me to express the happiness which we derive from your presence and aid in this solemn commemoration. Fortunate, fortunate man! with what measure of devotion will yon not thank God, for the circumstances of your extraordinary life! You are connected with both hemispheres and with two generations. Heaven saw fit to ordain, that the electric spark of Liberty should be coi ducted, through you, from thenew world to the old ; and we, w ho are now here to perform this duty of patriotism, have all ol us long ago received it in charge from our fathers to cherish your name and your virtues. You will account it an instance of your good fortune sir, that you crossed the seas to visit us ata time which enables you to be present at this solemnity. You now behold the field of renown of which reached vou in the heart of France, and caused a thrill in your ardent bosom. You see the lines of the little redoubt thrown up by the incredible diligence of Prescott, defended, to the last extremity, by his lion-hearted va

lor; and within which the comer stone of our monument ha? now taken its possession. You see where Warren fell and where Parker, Gardner, Mr Cleary, Moore, and other early patriots fell with him. Those who survived that day, and whose lives have been prolonged to the present hour, are now around you. Somr of them )ou have known in the trying scenes of the war. Behold! they now stretch forth their feeble arms to cmbiace you. Behold! they raise their trembling voices to invoke the blessing, of God on you, and yours forever. Sir, you have assisted us in laying the foundation of this edifice. You have heard us rehearse, with our feeble commendation, the names of departed patriots. Sir, monuments and eulogy belong to the dead. We give them, this day, to Warren and his associates. On other occasions they have been given to your immediate companions in arms, to Washington,to Greene,to Gates, Sullivan, and Lincoln. Sir, wc have become reluctant to grant these, our highest and last honors, further. We would gladly hold them yet back from the little remnant of that in mortal band. Scrus in vrfcm

far, oh very distant be the day, -inscription shall bear vour . 1 !9nH

tongue pronounce its eulogy. ' 0r

any

The Boston Centinel say nr. a c erected on Bunker Hill ?difi

lovertnr. r,

square leet of cround.ii. ,.;, u '00

A ; iu, in winch . tables, 400 feet long, on each ( 12 worn lnil rtft ..!...' ii t Whirl.

..-. ...... -.wpio; aiioccupie same paper remarks that it Li

be no exaggeration to estimate tha

f An . - ' 1 1 1 r,..

were hVsXV(

casion from every part ol the Uios, Governor Troup Th f... .

Virginia, GazH.e,!,, Elusion ,oZS

ti To rnrti Iw tri 1 ko

. .... j i., , , ii goieruniem

viitMn& "ppuMie anecuote:

Most persons have hp.n,l ,.r r

Jones a lawyer, who practised in tl county courts of this valley, hbl, r f turv a pro. and 1

most boundless influence. O,- the tri-,1 a case before the court of " q

in which he and the late Mr. H. ther.'r cently come to the bar, were .Tfsd f each other, he was worsted in sr,m, oj ,.C discussions became trreatlv irrit, '!

outraged all decorum, by rmVn .

swearing aloud. Mr. II. after , some time in the expectation that theccii'

would take some step lor the prisma

ui us. uigniiy, ventured to suggest to tit justices that the respect which the) ,,Wej to themselves, required of them not tn T,

nut uch conduct to pass unnoticed. Their worships, thus urged, went into su'I

council upon the matter,the result of which was announced by the presidii ju'mJl

u is me opinion ol the court. 3Ir.

- . 1 n . .

; you mus ni piague ai a vex Mr. Joi.cs:,

make inm curse ai d swear s if cu d:

sir, we'll put you in the skt ks.'

A fair offer. Make a full estimate ct all you owe and of all that is owirc to vtu, Reduce the same to note. As fast m t,j

collect, pay over to those vou owe; if hj

can t collect renew you notes evtrv ua? i ..... - .

and get trie hc?t securitv you ;m. uota

business diligently ar d beiiidu?trii'U h

no time; waste no idlt mt inert; be very prudent and economical in all tl.irp: iir card all pride but the pride cf actiru jurdy and vvll he faithful in vour dun. to

God, by regular ai d hearty nraer,ir err

ing arid night attend church ar d rr.eetiif

regularly every Sundav, and fc,do unto a!l

men as you would they should do ut.to you." If you are too needy in vour ova trrfTvci- v t v t o ilo poor. W I itever else you have in your power tV do for them cheerfully but if w u ;.r. !!p the poor and unfortunate.' Pursue r:.ii

course dili enlly and siiuenh kr ?f-vr, vears, and if you are not happy, con .triable and independent in your nrn;n.Mius come to me and I will pay vour dJ is Dr. Fran-til::,

the tenth partoi a hair," io relation Xq redeem illustrious as arc jcur merits, ct

From the list which we this day ruillMv it will be seen that, since the 1st day i! January last, r o less than 27C new -( offices have been established. Indepi l itilly of this addition, one ol thepicjit westen mails, foimerly trai sj orlt -d but tl.ne tin-ii a week, has been made a daih mail ; a;J

otlier arrangements. ecjuallv valual it.ie been made to faeiliate the r. nival-ai departures of the mail in oil er s ctiei scl ile Union. Yet notw ithstai dii g these aiii.' tions to the annual expenditure, the ro'fr ue of tlx- Post Otficc Depaitnifi t, llth has sf nie years past been inadequatt w the expenditure, will this year, we understand, in consequence of the new n occsi' business intrcduccd by the prcsert master General, he fully equal to ti e txpenses, and will probably stint what ceed them. jYat. Jour.

Lake Erie Commf.rce. The cemmrrce of the West has increased beyoi d tl-c tX' pectation of the most sanguine. II i -u' a few years since Lake Krie was i.ct as well known to the mercantile p i1' of even this state, as was the Daliir but now immei se wealth floats tf ' J 1 bosom, and it has bet ome the r fare of a commeire defined to add . and comforts to millions of hardy, ci.terp sinr; freemen. On the 17th ult. steamboat Enterprise, '225 tons l i";'' was launched at Cleave land ami il ready for business in a few o'a !e Buffalo Journal informs that this ' -fourth steamboat which has been !aur ' r 1 1 L

upon me waters of t.ne inns ti , that there is still another buildir p at 1' Lj Pa. So much for our systtm ol improvement. The good woik l)U ,:.

to

improvement. The gocd woik c 1 ly on, and the state of Kevv-VoiKi " rectly benefited hy every Mew s,lkl '

improve the territory horde ring c ' ;a

jii.ai llll.t I (I Seas Ol uie i,l,v" 7 . jg wise policy she has brought them u'rC. connection with her metropolis, . r ceives a most willing tribute for e'u ) floated to the Atlantic through W I artificial rivers. Albuvy D -'-r