Public Leger, Volume 2, Number 60, Richmond, Wayne County, 14 May 1825 — Page 2

A

From the National Jc TORTRAIT NO." GEORGE WASHINGTON. All the world has heard -of General Washington; and all the world admits that he was a patriot, a hero and a statesman. His claim to the first of these appellations is founded on his entire devotion to the interests and prosperity of his country ; the second, on his courage, constancy, and magnanimity, in war; and the last, on his foresight, prudence, and wisdom in the cabinet. No man participated so largely in human affairs, and sunk into the grave Trith so spotless a reputation. But reputation is one thing, and character another; and they do not always correspond in relation to the same individual. Yet in the instance of Washington, so exact is the coincidence, that, notwithstandinghis fame since his decease, has been boundless, such was the beauty of his actions, such the virtuous nature of bis sentiments, no etilngiurn pronounced upon him is regarded as a panegyric. With a manly and vigorous frame, he possessed a clear and disci iminatii't: intellect. It may be said that he enjoyed a constitutional discretion: for, although at a

very early period of his life he was entrusted with the command of a military force, he never committed a rash act nor made a (HUe step. Trained to arms in combat with the savages, he never inbibed their cruelty; and even at that budding moment of his career proved bim?lf competent to cope and tonegoc iatc with French othcersof distinction. The American Revolution found him in the path of renown; and, had it never occurred, he would have acquired a high degree of eminence and glo in the service of the British Sovereign. He had defended the frontier of Virginia, and protected it from havoc and desolation; he had preserved the remnant of the ill-fated Braddnrk's army from destruction; when the voice of his native state ( ailed him to sutaio the rights of the colonies in the Coi-grt'ss at Philadelphia. W hen the spirit of freedom and h. dependence roused his com trvmen to arms, all eyes were directed to him, as General of the forces; he was unarimouh commissioned with almost unlimited powers, which he never abused. In camp, he was virtually a legislator and a diplomatist, as well as a military commander. His recommendations and advice intluenced the Congress more than if he had retained his seat as a member. Under the instructions of that body, he negoclated with the enemy's public agents and superior officers; maintained an extensive correspondence with the several state authorities: and on the field of battle he was among the foremost in danger, and first in braver). Riding up under the British fire at the battle of Brandy wine, he aid to the troops, some of whom were falling around him. "Gentlemen, this is nothing more than a Jox chase." Hi fortitude was not shaken by adverse citcumvtanccs, nor did victory corrupt his ambition. His r;ip;cious mind looked to final results, and the vicissitudes of the conflict never appalled him. When misfortunes thickened around him, and intrigue was busy to dispossess him of command, he Was tranquil and patient ; and the equity with which he reconciled jarring rivalries in the army, arranged the. order of promotion, and resisted the solicitations of importunity, excited universal approbation. He lived and flourished at the exact period when his genius and talents were most required. Providence, that so wisely guides the defines of mankind, seems to have ordained that he should exist at the moment he would be most useful to hi country. If we trace him in the affairs of Arnold and Andre, of Iluddv and Asgill, we shall

observe him manifesting the disposition of a true soldier, and displaying emotions of

the utmost benevolence. Governed by the rules of war and the interests of the Republic, Ik was scrupulously cautious of exen ising rigour, and alive to the intercessions of humanity. His imagination was entirely under the coi.tn ul of his judgment, which was never betrayed into eccentricity. So implicit was the confidence placed in the rectitude of his understanding, that those who suffered seldom complained, and those who were benifitted rarely exulted. Economical in his private concerns, he was not prodigal of the public treasure; and keeping an accurate account of his official expenditures he would in no situation receive from the national

purse a cent more than the actual costs of

hi employments. In victory or defeat he never lost his presence of mind ; and whether receiving the submission of Cornwallis, rebuking the murmur of his own soldiers for compensation, or resigning his commission, he had hut two objects freedom for bis country, and retirement for himself.

.. . u.m ITa kne tiv.

few men, either in the ancient or modern more . any p"' "

en oraers iu mu?4p ' to come and encamp under the walls of

times have so disinterestedly declined an

opportunity of attempting the usurpation of supreme authority. Invited to the Presidency at a critical moment when the convulsions of the French revolution placed the Union in a fearful position, he had the prescience to issue a proclamation of neutrality, which indicated a policy followed to this day, and which preserved to the United States for so many years, the blessings of peace and the abundant fruits of a lucrative commerce. Enthusaists exclaimed against the calmness of his determination? hut no one dared to impeach his probity. Faithful to his oath, and stern in the execution of the laws, he suppressed unieasonable insurrection; and imparted to every branch of the

True to

f!nntantionle. in order to hold them in

awe. This, however, is the General upon whom he reckoned most for the next campaign against the Greeks. The penury of the Treasury is felt in all the operations of the Government. The preparations of the fleet ordained bv his highness are part

ly suspended. Strict orders have been

sent to Natolia and Keruia ior me kj exorbitant taxes! The Brand Seignor has lnt to the Treasury 19,000 purss (five

! millions of francs) out of his private funds, j The minister of the Finances has received the Sultan's command to repudiate his I wife, whose extravagance had become scandalous. It seems that the govern-

! ment is not at ease with regard to Russia.

is very little reason to suppose bt th XX tt rmnCn m ri I fn will I, . i "I t

uuiiiH n. buiiiib we overthrown 1 conquest, however, may only tend i ' t ten the destruction of the British rw India, and there is no redeeming LV1? in its existence to cause us to regret it tinction. It was established and ie j'

government a '-- Qrders h been ive for the forts of the past friendships sensible of the gratitude "v e" p .

is former companions in arms, they j, TTS ' " n..f

desoatch Considerable supplies ol pro

visions and stores are collecting upon different points of Thrace, which indicate the Assembly of an army destined to march upon the Danube." Colombia and Hayti. -The Republic

of Hay ti applied some time since to the

due to his

did not escape his recollection in his ap

pointments to office; and steady amidst a storm of political passions, he was unmoved by the contests of paity, invariably pursuing measures tending to the general welfare

Presidency. Ld repotinc in the shades of1 Colombian Republic, to obtain a treatv of

Mount Vernon, his mind was still turned towards the means of improving his country. By his correspondence, founded on personal observation, he eyed the progress of internal communication by the formation of roads, arid canals; and when the nation was menaced with war, he once more cheerfully accepted the command of the armies. In the strength of life, he was suddenly attacked b a fatal disease, and (losing his own eyelids, he passed to death with stoical firmness, and without a sih or regret. No individual evermore

fulfilled his destiny. The city which bears i

his nam'1, and which is an animated and enduring monument to his memory, will carrv his fame to a remote posterity, the evidence at once of his high eminence and of the grateful recollection ofan enlightened people. Although he did not rebuke a jest or deride a compliment, the predominant characteristic of his deportment was dignity. Frivolity, was silenced in his presence, and integrity, honor, and urbanity were passports to his favour. More taciturn than voluble, few words escaped him that he could have wished to recall. No posthumous testimony has arisen to impeach the motives of a single action of his life. There is no mistaking the likeness. Intelligent, brave, circumspect, and wise; hospitable, courteous, and humane; he united in his character the spirit of ancient worthies, the heroic temperof chivalry, and the knowledge and refinement of modern times. He was,in brief, a model by which the young might form themselves, and the old be guided; a proud boast for the human race and such as kings, and princes, and emperors might envy. FOREIGN AFFAIRS. DISTURBANCES IN TJ1E TURKISH CAPITAL. Constantinople Feb. 1 5. "The conduct of the Janissaries becomes more alarming every day. Within a short time these disturbers of the public peace have even ventured to stop and insult some Europeans of distinction in the streets of Pcrav In the disturbances which have occurred, neither the Greeks nor the Franks took part. The arrest made by the police in consequence of these discoveries, excited four ortas of the Janissaries to sedition. Scheik Mustapha, astrologer of the Sultan, Abdr Aga, and several superior officers of the Janissaries, were the

, instigators. The grand Vizier, the Aga, j of the Janissaries and the Aga Pacha of

Bujukere, hastened together to prevent the tumult from beccomincr eeneral. A

Janissary of the 23d orta, denounced the

conspiracy a few hours before it was to have ! broken forth. The persons of the above mentioned chiefs were immediately seized 1 and delivered to the Bostangi Pachi. I They confessed their guilt under the tor-

. ture, and were strangled with 30 more of

the conspirators. Other discontented officers of the four ortas, were sent on board

the lleet, hut part only arrived at the Dardanelles, some being drowned in the passage. This extreme rigour, however, on the part of the Aga of the Janissaries, exasperated that soldiery to such a degree that the Sultan desposed him, and lie is succeeded by Koul Kihagassay, commander of the .59th orta. All persons in easy circumstances have been ordered to arm themselves and their domestics. The famous Ghalib Pacha has been sent from Gallipoli to Adami, which probably is merely a measure ol precaution, as he is beloved by the populace, the Janissaries and the Uhlemas. He is believed to be incapable of participating in plots against the Sultan. Eiery b d thinks the volcano will soon burst, ai d the Grand Seignior seems to dread the revolt ol the Janissaries

alliance, offensive and defensive. 1 ne

latter government, it U well known, declined the proposal. We are now furnished ! by the Royal Gazette, with the grounds on which the' refusal was made. The answer i of the government of Colombia states ' 1. That as the government of Hayti had allowed only twenty days for its min- ! ister to obtain this treaty, the time was too short to discuss, much less to decide, a

question of so much importance. 2. That a treaty of alliance, offensive

and defensive, might expose the Kepublic j of Colombia, to a contest with France, with I which power no controversy existedj 3. That the government of Colombia (could not enter into such a treaty without j consulting the Republics of Rio de la Plata, i Chili, and Peru that a Congress consist

ing of delegates from those powers would assemble at Panama, in October next.

when the overture from the Haytien government would be made, and that there was little doubt of a favorable answer. A letter from Campcachy, dated March llth, speaks of a project which Geo. St. Anna had in contemplation, to revolutionize the island of Cuba, and take immediate possession of Havana. The letter states that four hundred men had been embarked on board of two merchant brigs and a schooner, for that purpose, but that the receipt of intelligence of the arrival of three thousand troops at Havana from Spain, had caused an abandonment of the project. The expedition, it is further sta

ted, was to have been commanded by col. wamana, a young man from Cuba, and that the fortifications of Havana were to have been obtained through treachery. Extract of a letter dated Santiago de Chili, Jan. 10. "The congress of Chili have been in session about six weeks in this capital: for the first month little or nothing was done of interest for the last fortnight their proceedings have been more interesting. The constitution was declared to be null and void on the 29th ultimo. Since then, they have been debating upon an augmentation of the army to 8000 men; the imposition of direct contribution; the doing away of the titles, Alcavala, &c. and 1 am assured, from good authority, that before they adjourn, an act will be passed granting a complete religious toleration such a measure would certain!)

form a glorious climax to their proceedings. Chiloe is still in possession of the royalists, and causes some uneasiness to the government in that quarter." The East Indies. The British themselves appear to be alarmed at the mighty power which ther have raised up in the

east. The native force, disciplined and armed after the European manner, is said to amount to more than 200,000 men, and it is reasonably believed that, if any general disaffection should take place, it would not be possible to subdue them. It is thus, perhaps, that the wrongs of India may be avenged and it seems almost right that the heartless people, who have deluged empires with the blood of countless millions, and given up to the hyena and the tiger large districts of country that lately teemed with happy and contented human beings, should be swept away from the face of the earth. A terrible retribution ought to follow such terrible excesses, that nations may be taught moderation and men learn to be just. The case that lately happened at Barrickporc, noticed in our last, is referred to with great apprehension. It now seems that the disaffection of the native troops was so extensive as io justify the slaughter of four hundred and fifty ol the m on the spot, with the wounding of one hundred and fifty more I say justify, because the frmness of the commander, sir Edward Paget is approved. These troops were ordered for the Burmese war, and there

i iaI. 1.1 l

liiiiit-u wuii mr uiuuu oi an innocent unoffending people a thousand timeL'"' virtuous than their Christian connUe rc who have planted the cross of saint V? on the dead carcases ofan indiscrimiuT butchered population. JViles, '

From Ni'e's Weekly Regi-trr. Slavery. The new American rentf lies, profiting by expeiience, have a!,f)u ed slavery. It was most fortutmtc f those new states that the population T them were not very numerous; andalmj equally so that not so much prejudice antipathy exits against that colour as r,r vails in the United States hetre it ij ppohable that, in three or four generations the negro rare will become extinct in ,i!

America south of us. Brnrjl excepted-, which is terribly over-charged witluh-veT It is the glory of the greatest sIave-hoJ ing state that we have the state ofVir. ginia, that while yet in colonial subjection her people first took a decided staid a' gainst the introduction of slave, ai d. to the disgrace of the British, goven mn.t i . f.. 1 4 : : . i 1

mai ineir lesperuui peuuous and earn-st

remonstrances were treated with cor.tt

It is to the glory of Virginia, ahor that to oppose the infernal traffic was one of ths leading causes of tho active part she took in the appeal to arms, which terminated in the establishment of our indepc!;dpi ie. Ai d it is to the glory of the U. State, ti.at we were the first to abolish and fi.rnid the slave trade,and declare it piracy;, hut. the peculiar circumstances under which we were placed at the close of the revolutionary war, and the great difficulties that u te rrosed themselves to prevent the tar lament of a federal goven merit, which whs indispensable to a preservation of those liberties that had been won In the -w. rdr forbade a positive interdiction of the trade until the year 108; and large Cjiiantitits of negroes were imported into South Carolina and Georgia, (which had (.riiialh insisted on that unhappy clause in the constitution which permitted the tiade ut til tie vear just stated) up to the hist iiitnti.t when such importations were allo d; ai d from the ports ol Charleston ai d Saai i ; h the curse was spread over all the southern parts of our country, so that the link slaves ncarh equal the amount of their white population ai d will, in ;dl In-nan probability, soon out number it: for the fact is, and it ought to be serif u-h considered, that the march of the black populati is south but the increase of vhite ptrsir.su m the non-slave holdins states to the north .ni ll 7rr. No doubt, the will very geiendlr oxited, when the constitution el the l States was adopted, to aboih slave-phut the then large number oi laes ni d xcessive antipathy against their (eloar together with the circumstances relerixd to,

have established it so romplcteh that i'C hope of extermination has tied, excipt the extermination of the race I n tv subject to it! Their present numher r-ncSri on two millions, ai d will pre hal h ann'it to that great sum of wretchednf a It is a solemn matter. One that -dl "s would rather close our eyes upenti ' at; but this lessens not the a full es lt nor will it prevent that whicheu n i'c fears must one day happen, while alihfe that it may not be in their own tioif.

Tuke (his demonstration. Within th" B iears rncn!u,e S20. (when the last ti i,s en), New-York am! rYt.nsi Wiumi", j -li'l'y. "lj '

lr. H i.

II I w - -

nL. - I. i t. ..o

aepregnte white population was 1, 705,51 U a"11 1U 1820, 2,35t,729 mrrente C4V.226. In I8'0.' rreeate while em ulation of Manlam1, .7

I

Nnrll ami Smith ly 11 rv 1 1 it n Z 4110 l !1 . Mis?!"! i 1,3

ahama arid Louisana, the rhiel'slavc-hoMii'F1 . ' wn?,in round iiuuidrrs I.5T9.00U, nnd in ,s ,if 901,000 increase 322,000 or les than ovf,n though I he stock for increase in the rirt "a8!"7i' i . - . .1 .. and A 1,1

Mil If

it-

i,t last. an

bama is included, wLich, though harlly tr

whit

hite people, in some of the northren part h in 1810. contained S5.451 white persons m u

Ohio n;ififht have been, with a much propneM, ded to the first named states as Alabama to w -but the objec t rsto ?hew the undoubtful for0 " power of the remark to which this note is api',K

Among other new projects, a Cown'lPX. f C fnrminn in Y rnrri 1 f. thn mi r DO.1 1,1

cuttinp a ship canal across Ireland, to avt the dancrrrtitirf nnssare from the vfgu .,

coast of England round Cape Clear. 1 ha? been estimated that the annual loss property to and from America, ov l Mief .f i..,.i i ... -p.n.OOCni'tt

it is to he presumed that the create! pa

of this loss would be avoided, ai d the ape to America be considerably hortci c by means of a c anal frrm the lay of i)oD" lin to Gahvnv Bay. The intention i

rtr.r,M ... I it I n,,.il.lnt-,n

at present runs to the bounds of tl ecoui ofGalway,and tocutacess that rountv W abt ut 20 miles, to the Bav. The t'9' a

tea expenses JL 300,000.