Public Leger, Volume 1, Number 46, Richmond, Wayne County, 22 April 1825 — Page 1

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FRIENDLY TO THE BEST PURSUITS OF MAN, F A" m '

XUMBER 46.

FRIENDLY TO THOUGHT, TO FREEDOM, AND TO PEACE." Coirper.

jVTED A-VD PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY By

Front street, opposite the RichmowJ Hotel.

THE PRICE OK TIII3 PAPER

r iA . A I. a I ft

i Ttrn Dollars lor im-iu numuiis, n, m paid in

urp; Two Dolhn an. I Fifty Cents if naul

lhin the year, or Three Dollars, if not paid he-

. e a. -

for? the expiration oi uir jrur; payment in ad..n. elu inc to the mutual interest of both parties.

.kit mode e --"!l "

lj.,JhjCr,nti..n taken for less than fix month?, ami no paper ili-eontiiiued until all arrearages are

i InhTO tr notify a ilisoontinuance at the expira1 1 . , . " ..l i.,. ....lit :i

o 'nf-enticement.

ajj-..V Utters to the Editor jwut have the postage nj'iici Vuy urill not be a'Atnicd to. TERM OF ADVERTISING. Cj-'?en lines or le, for three insertions One Dol- " i-.renrh continuance Twenty-five rents.

jr-er advertisements in the same proportion.

On T'-iesdav the 11th inst. the Governor

cf Indiana communicated to both houses

RTCHMONDVAYNE COUNTY, INDIANA, SATURDAY, JANUARY

I'ne iiiel.i

22, 1825.

If. ... I . t.,

Coolv iirmrri'itiu. ..in...

1 r y v. wi lilt' IIII1Jderofsome Indians on the frontier settlements of the state, has been succeeded by tl.e arrest and imprisonment, in the county or Madison, of several persons changed with such crime. The want of public buildings

... .m i county, created the necessity of ai guard and other expenses for the safe I keeping oi the prisoners. These expen-1 ses have been accumulating from the month ! ol March last, (the date of the unfortunate I transaction,) to the present time. Considenng the newness of this country,the sparse- i

..v3 w. .i3 pupumuon ana trie deleterious effects of the case on its general prosperi4., I 1. il t . " .

iy, i nave uiougm it my duty to recom-

tar- adoption ol measure calculated to fur

ther the object. By an act of congress of the 26th of May last, the right of pre-emption to one quarter section of land, in each new county of the states and territories in which there are public lands, is, on certain conditions, granted to such counties for the establishment of seat? of justice. That the benefits of this provision may be secured to the counties hereafter to be laid off in this state, an act of the legislature seems to be necessary. By an act also of the last session of congross, the state of Indiana is authorized to

SlirVf'V I rifiri m-irLr I . pm l . rl t 1 1 1 Miihlie i;ind

mend, that the expenses incident thereto. : of the FT i. f n:,l hv

and for which the county may be liable, which to connect the navigalio . of the be paid out of the state treasury. j Wabash and the Miami of Lake Erie; reIhe further details ofthis most unpleas- i serving for ever and vesti g in the state,

am iransaction require me tns.iv. t t ' t

Jjmes Hudson, one of the persons charged for the purposes aforesaid, and reserving removal of the Government to Ii.diai.apolis

other means, and the canal once comj leledf its revenues would repay to that lur d the whole amount thus attained, ar.d not re tard its application to roads and other proper objects. Congress would probably agrce to litis proposition on the basis of a fair reciprocity ; the state stipulating that the public property of the United Slates, should forever pass the canal toll free. Of similar character to the canals just mentioned, is the construction of the nation-

jal road from Wheeling to the MissisHpif passing, thiough the metropolis of our state. This object is directly witMn the purview of their compacts with the General Government, at the times of their admission into the Union, and two per cert of the sales of public lands within those states are set apart for such objects. Its loca

tion at this time through Indiana, assumes

wun tne murder of Logan, an Indian Chief : a No from sale during the pleasure of con

was, at the last October term of the Madi- i i'ra. the Prtiiu. f hrmiuh whirb siirh

son Circuit Court, convicted and senten- i canal route m.iv n:i.

to be executed on the first H.iv nf I Atl

,. y-, 1 a ii .i "ll - i v 1 1 .. I'ui'in Kliiu? Ill 111(11 u mil v. iimvoi the General Assembly, the following December last, that previous to the day .j state, are understood to be surveyed, and

ol execution he escaped from prison, and jj liable to be brought into market whenever that he might not escape the punishment jj the pleasure of the President to that eilect of his crimes by becoming a fugitive from Ii shall be made known.it is rcsoectl'ulh suh-

Jttice, the time of his execution was, on i milted that the location of the route, du At . Sm ... '

; tne suggestion ol the rreMding Midge and ! ring the next summer, he authorized by

prosecuting atlorney of that court, re.pited !i law. In tl lis way only can the advantages

messase, by his private Secretary, C. Test, Esq.

CrDt'emen of the Senate,

ai dot the house ol iiepreefitativcs. Hiving convened in Legislative capa-

iuJor the furtherance of the great inter- ... Ii 1 Ii tVwt AHCtltllf I Ml ll' iii4iii

;'k5 nillLll Kit LUii;iiiuiitni IIH3 Lllll U3ILU

3 our rare, it becomes my duty to k,give

the Gener il Assembly information of the

an ::rs oi state, ami in am oi your uenner-

to exliiiit for yt)ur adoption, such it A A. 'a

rc-'3;'jresas tnoe interests seem to require.

i txamining our public concerns s-ince the

of the last session, but little seems to :ve occurred save that which is in it chime ter public and rjua!lv manifest all. The current of population from

ie neighboring states, is daily giv ing u-

crease of numbers and improving the dition of agriculture our great interest, ne general prosperity of the state is ail-

vr:i IT in a firm and steady pare, to numteMo wealth and to a grade of respectably among the states of the U iion; and .;t w mo.'t consoling the health of thC"i try, especially within the last year, N t' improved than any other conditio! . i f diseases iticident to our climate and -;Hi;ne verv much abated, in m di-

trrt? have scarcely been known at all, ai d ir. -t!icrs have prevailed withle -everit t; . 'i in former years. Consideration of t-ikiiid are well ralculatedto draw forth warmest effusions of gratitude to the 2'Jt .or of ur being, from whom we receive tealtfi, fruitfulness of seaMins and the inestimable priv ileges of a free government. I i forMf mplating, how ever, the general yrspf rity of our country, we cannot pn without notice, the carritv of a r'rcu-

md postponed till the twelfth of the pres

ent month. But three days being allowed hv law for the session of the court, no other of the prisoners have been tried. They are vet in custody awaiting their trial, for which purpose m re time w ill he necessary than t iat at present allowed by law. Nor can I pass by the present occasion, without ex pressing to you mv strong conviction, of the tecessitv of authorizing special sessions, for the delivery of the jails in vacation. M any, if not all objections to so- cial se-

- - sions, may be obviated hv the details of lej gNlation authorizing them. In all cases, md especially where the prisoner cannot ; procure bail, the genius and spirit of our

, institutions would say, that his trial should

i tot be so long delayed as it may be under

the existing laws. During the recess a 'vacancy took place io the presidency of the first judicial ciri i nit. This was filled by an appointment ; viiicli w ill expire at the end of the present I session. Agreeably to the provisions of ,4an act frthe better management of the state pri-

-!in and for other purposes,' Ira Westover, oi. was appointed superi itendant of the nrNoii for three years from the 4th day oi August last, under certain conditions and

j stipulations specified in his bond, w hich is

tiled in the othce of the secretary of state. Believing from a report Hf the visitors an-

i - i i. ..... : r

ill...' medium- the :, m:,rL-.t foi ii f'H'H'O UOUer lllf U I, lo.ti.. tovcoo.

ciirM.r,,!,,. r,r. a. ... ..i. .. .11. i the wall was necessary to preserve it from

1'iuuuiif oi nihil ! u,' i

r iliv

t-rmrd the hardness of the times, Hm

w'y of remedy for these ev il i' i 'hVl !,' that the legislature have very little t' ir ; for to congress alone N reserved the f nr, -to regulate commerce with forJig natiftits and among the several states '! s evident that causes exi-t for the situaof the country in this point of view, :,!ciare not of a local nature or w ithin the c trol of n nation or a state. It was not tf'e expected, that the tide of our national Pr,("perity, produced by tin general conUiS,,; 'd'Kurope, which gave to our aglture,a market, and to our commerce shipping interests much of the carrvlp trade of the w orld, should forever coi.MJ' to tlow. It was reasonable to supr'', that the recent peace of Europe "'cli suddenly became almost as general jS tiie war which had preceded it, would millions from the profession of arm10 tae pursuits of industry, and that the 5uPl'lu sof Kuropc furnished hv them-elves, jould lessen their demand, rind our martor the products of agriculture. To -e causes broad and extended as they rtaiuK are. we may faiily attribute much condition. It only remains for us 10 nnnr.ive tl :

i - un; means wunio ouruowei.

lira.. i .

.nu iiiu great nignwav? io toe i 'tS as thf7" are- ,l is ,,,,r business to 'Urease facilities of intercourse with each "jrand with the neighboring states; to ,of?T "''"'muucipal regulations - periec t a s pos? i I de ,t o e nc o u ra ge i i . d u s t ry ,

e all, to economize our expendi-

"Jies at:. W.. ...

Uis way Ihe ... .. .11 ..

j --. tl.lllCOl 13 li'-

conomize our expe

lh '1 U . n I. . 1.1.. n 4 ..II

V 3 IIIU',0 US IJOSM on , I I u

Ii ti l'u,,1,c hurdens upon the people.

I ... I , - ll.lllt.lli (I? -It UJ " i

-coniv -)Lt conlorm to the existing

ry to pre

i:jurv, Mr. Westover was enc ouraged to construct such covering, and submit his claims for that service to the legislature.

It has been done under the notice of one of

the members of the house of representatives, who will be able to give every needful information respecting it. I have received a communication from Hit; Governor of Georgia, accompanied by a resolution of the legislature of that state, proposing an amendment to the constitution of the United Slates, which would prohibit "the importation or ingress of any person of color into any one of the United States, contrary to the laws of such state;'

and have also received from the states of

Ohio and Maine, communications disapproving of the aforesaid resolution. These several communications have been accompanied with requests that they be laid before tin; general assembly of this state. I have also received from the Governor of Ohio sundry resolutions, recommending to the legislatures of the several states and to the congress of the United States, a system providing for the gradual emancipation of slaves, and recommending the passage of an act by the General Government (with the consent of the slavcholdingstates,) by which the children of such persons, born i.fn.r the nassaf?c of such an act, should, on

certain conditions, be free at the age of

twenty-one years. These resolutions have also been accompanied with a request that they may be laid before yu.

Agreeahlv to tne provisions

for improving the navigation of the river Wabash,' approved Jan. 31, 1824, I have communicated to the governor of Illinois a ....v ,kf the act. and requested him to re-

i commend to the legislature of that state,

j of the reservations be secured to the state;

for it is reasonable to suppose, that that

district of country, important as it natural

l is, and important as its improvement

would be to the northern and western por

tions of the state, will speedih be brought into market. It is believed that this route

! must necessarily be located through some

I tilian reservations, made by the treaty ot

St. Mary's, and it is matter of doubt wheth er the right of soil thus vested in the gran

tees, w ould authorize a compact with them

on the part of the state for that purpose

Should it he thought necessary to apply

to congress for power thus to stipulate with

the grantees, there can be little doubt that

such power would readih be given. It is the duty of the various government

of this confederacy, to cultivate the most

friendly understanding and intercourse with each other, the states with the gene

ral government and among themselves.

This produces harmoov in our system and

directs the force ol all to the good of all.

It is impossible to estimate too highly the

importance of the object alluded to. T'tis

effected, and the great northern avenue ol

commerce to the ocean and the lakes, would

be at once complete. Ait inland naviga-

gation from New-York to New-Orleans as

well as to the northern lakes, would at

once be opened. This is an object in its

character suuicientlv national to demand

the attention of the general government. When we consider too the vast quantities

of public lands, to be greatly enhanced in value, by this work of internal improve

ment, we cannot doubt, that in the exer

cise of a magnanimous and judicious policy, congress will, by donation to the state, of the sections thus reserved, aid our infant resources in constructing the canal. This donation would, it is believed, almost complete the work; would be repaid to the geiieral government in a tenfold proportion in the sale of the public lands, and would give impulse to the improvement and prosperity of the state heretofore unknown. I have received and submit for your information, the report of a joint committee and su .dry resolutions of the legislature of the state of Ohio, on the subject of a canal at the Falls of the Ohio river. This report and these resolutions are declaratory of the lively and deep interest which that state feels in the construction of such canal, and of their intention to unite in the execution of such work, with one or the other of the states of Kentucky or 1 diana. A report of the commissioners appointed by the "act providing for opening a canal at the Falls of the Ohio," will shortly be laid before you. It is sanguinely hoped that the state of Ohio will ult imately unite with Indiana in the undertaking, and interest herself to such extent as to bring the object certainly within the means of this state. In that event the most cautious and

fearful as to the magnitude of the undertaking would abandon their scruples and estimate this work, as connected, not only with the best interests, but with the revenue and reputation of the state. An advance of a small portion of the three percent, fund without interest would supercede the necessity of resorting to

its permanent seat, and from the charac-

i ter of the central parts of the state, requij ring more attention to roads than those districts of country bordering on the Ohio river ai d first settled. This road if oi ce located, w ould in addition to the funds in. I existence for its construction, attnrb.tthe attention of the Legislature and tl& eftun ities through wi ich it might pass, and . ! would in a short time become, not only use- ft ful hut ornamental to the state. Some of these objects it is true are not

fairly within the scope of our legislative capacity, on some of them it would perhaps be nugatory to legislate. But it iscompetent at all times (and in these cases it w i.uld no doubt be useful,) for the legislature to express their opinion, in relation to any great interest of the country, though that interest be subjected exclusively to the control of the General Government. The financial operations of the last year have been more successful than was anti

jcipated by the most sanguine. Ul the

S'l 9,000 supposed to be necessary to be procured by loan only.$'5,971 have actually been procured and ofthis sum 971 were seminary funds unemploy ed in the Treasury So greatly beneficial to the Treasury has the change of system oeen, that the current expenditures have been more easily, and more promptly met witn this amount,than they were the previous year by a re-issue of .515,000 of treasury notes; and with this additional advantage, that on the expenditures authorized by the last Legislature, the state has paid interest on S5,971 only, while on that authorized by a previous session, interest has been paid on Si 5,000 In addition to this, the puhlic credit has been maintained, the currency has been restored to soundness and much of the public expenditures economized in proportion as the currency has been rescued from depreciation. The receipts into the treasury during the y ear 1824 have amounted to 40,435,94 by which the treasury notes have been redeemed in good faith and the audited warrants paid, and there is now in the treasury in available funds ,sl2,500.

The state debt amoueted on the 1st of January 1824 to $27,44,17 on the 1st. January 1825 it amounted exclusive of interest to $1 7,499 17. This consists of 4, 665 Treasury notes yet in circulation, 5,971 loan, $5000 which the state .owes to roads and canals, N873 17 on the hoi ds9 transferred to the Treasurer of the Unit d States. The state debt at this time eiclu sive of interest exceeds the actual cash iq the Treasury $4,991 17. The revenue assessed for the last yearf after deducting tie percent, for collection, amounts to $39,294 86. Much of this sura has been paid in outstanding notes, and audited warrants, but the residue thereof and balances of previous years deducting also ten per cent, for delinquent lists arcestimated as being sufficient to defray tho

current expenditures of the present yarf

to pay so much of the loan as becomes duef and discharge the balance due to the

Treasurer of the United States. The cur

rent expenditures of the present year will

probably not exceed $21,000, and on all

expenses contingent in their nature we may confidently expect a reduction; for no one

can for a moment doubt, that such expen

ses will be much less, when based on a metalic currrencv, than they have been on o

depreciated paper system. From this view of the finances we may f airly come to the conclusion, that the time has arrived when we may safely lesse the burdens imposed on the community for the support of the governu i I. In doing tl'iJ however we must be careful not to e2pc:s