Public Leger, Volume 2, Number 53, Richmond, Wayne County, 26 March 1825 — Page 1

1 1 11 in v

L U : :f-S N n I I T '

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c-

FRIENDLY Tt

FRIENDLY TO THOUGI

RICHMOND. WAYNE COUNT!

OF MAN, TO PEACE.

, Co;

per.

i 1 iU.iSIILL) K ERV SATUKDAV UV

lURDAY, MARCH 2G, 182.5.

-'OLVJIK .

...... r:-.;

ELHUXD S. BUXTON,

Frml

ppitc the Richmoivl Hotel,

rm: niirc or nu? papkr 1 n )!';r :u! Kiftv Cent-for tilt, -two minis' L" . 1 ... ...1. . t.. 1 .11 -.

vil.m ,ar or Tu-o Dollars :iml Fifty

r i: ii"t 1 before the ot iratioti ot the

I lUtlH .mum mill, m n;- i I ; 1 1 1 1 J . t I

uir b nJ ' 1 , m'idul1 i-iir.v1(,ct.vo1ier(,, uucontrol-.. rights, wherever they were pr. .claimed h f ll I th b,MSf,I,S9- Th? forestjable by encroachmenU upon each other-S To discharge, with all possible prompti- , 1.1 fallen by the axe of our woodsmen- j That the firmest security of peace, is the ! tude, the national debt-To reduce, withme soil lias hnpn m:rin e r tonm I.. ;i J J ... ... 7

i v. w vv in im . tin- ill ii mi i'n:i rpj I ii tn .......... . . . . . a i i ... .I-.,. ...... . i. .a " I

, r.-r.iHuuu, uuiiuu ucrtir, oi nit? iieieii-iii" me ii.ihuwi-m umus of emcicuCY, trie

trr-.

1

v.'ir

oh p.'.rtu-s that tuotle i ohci-il.

1 s n

i . . . . . l . l . . i

. r , i f j !' f Ox II I T III. Ill "IX llllinill', XUl i: r i ntiaue until all arrearages are

.- , :r t 'Mti'V 1 ili-rontinuauro :it the exnira.m trie tun' -'i'oribeil tor, will be conii! rel ., -v ."i-U'ettient. K ' ' ' fi" I'dittr must have the postage W- j; I a !;- ''- n yt ',f ottcnit d to

I OF Al) K.RTISING. ., i; , ,v I '--. for thrre insertions One Dol ( !. c i!iHM.inee Twenty-five rents, r . !v rti-nifiit in the same pro;rtion.. IK AUGURAL ADDRESS JOHN QUIXCY ADAMS,

. en: :;; -, ns Presi ! nt ! the Unite!

r-tji. -, .hi the 4th of M irrh. I 32j.

h cnit Iiai c wst.'i an u?aLie, coeval

' vh L i Iarnu rs' commerce lasj;cesol war That a ri-orous economy and ! military force To improve thergai izai ,,cenel eveO ocemu I he dominion of arcotintabilitv of nuhlir nr.Hit..rc. t;, uA iri.ilin. of f :.rm, T., nr.,v'.,l

nun oer physical nature has been extend-- should guard against the aggravation, and . a .d sustain a school of n.ilit ,rv science lh"f,nveto of our artists. Liberty; aleviate, when possible, the burden of tax- !; To extend equal protection to all the great rmu law have marched, hand in hand. All ration That the military should be kept in ; intere of the nationTo promote the ! inc purposes o human association have strict subordination to the civil power i civ ilzition of the Indian tribes; and To ! neen accomnhsherl as rtnrtiv..K nc iin!.pi T!.,t c i ' ri . .. j c : .. .. '

. 1 "v v ,j "i iot- ure-uoiii oi me prt-ss at ti oi reu-, proceed in the creat system oi internal im any other Kovernmeiit on the -lobe; and j jjiousopinion should be inviolate-That the provements, within the limits of the conai a com, little exceeding, , a whole gen- i policy of ourcountryis peace,and the ark of institutional power of the union. Under the

.... - rcuuuur 01 ouier nauot.s , our salvation, union, are articles of faith pledge of these promises, made by that in a SllimriO vcar 1 1 1 11 1 t ii ' . . . . J

C ' -

Such is the unexaggerated picture of our condition, under a constitution found-

d

upon which we are all agreed. If ther have been those who doubted whether a

eminent citizen, at the time of his first in

duction to thi office, in hi? career of eight

ja. confederated representative democracy ,; years, the internal taxes have been repeal

led upon the republican principle of equal j; were a government competent to the wished; sixty millions of the public debt have

ngni. 1 o admit that this picture has its orderly management of the common . ben discharged; provision have been shade-, is but to say that it is still the condi-1 concerns of a mighty nation, those doubts made for thf comfort and relief of the atioti of me;, upon earth. From evil, phvsi- l have been dispelled. If there have been g-d a:d i tdigent, among ttie surviving warjcal, moral and political, it is not our claim; projects of partial confederacies, to be e-triors of the revolution; the regular armed to be exempt. We have suffered, some- j s reeled upon the ruins of the union, thev jj force has been reduced, and itsconstitution titivs by the visitation of Heaven, through have been scattered to the winds. If 1 revised and perlectetl : the accountability

disease; often bv the wnn'ri arul inmstiro i there have been rlamrproiis atlacbments to !l ftr thn fnenditnee. of mihlir mnupvs h;ia

of other nations, even to the extremities of one foreign nation, and antipathies against j! been made more effective; the Floridas

i x- i . .,.. I ... I .. I. . I : i i i.f 41. I I . ; . : f 1 i I . . I I .1 l

'. - r 1 l ' 11,111 1 ll, ' usf; aiions, pernaps, m- i; "ui" nave ueeii extinguisueu. nave neen peaceaniv acquired, anu our wi.Mtae exi-teiice oi our federal constitu- .parable from the enjoyment of freedom, ! Ten years of peace, at home ami abroad,! boundarv has been extended to the P.aific a (tiuned t the example of m nlt whieh have nmre than once appeared ,1 assuaged the animosities of political con- ocean; the independence of the southern" i .-j ire In I . i"jpofr llll.ili ll-lili'li It. . it . .. ... ' '

Fr ; ' . 1 , .. .. to threaten toe dissolution of the union. ; tention, and blended into harmony the nations of this hernisnhere has been ree og-

;r! . ,it to enter.! appear, im fellow cm- wit, it tie ovortir3w 0f aj the en. ji most discordant elements of public opitdon. nised and recommerded, by example and z ..m tour presence, and in that .ot hea- ijovm,..lts uf oUr present lot, and all our I There still remains one effort of magnani- bv council, to the potentates of Europe;

r-r

I

Mii-.j ;riv ii nv me soiemnmes ei a

n-oi-i 'Ration, to the faithful perform!io duties allotted to me, in the to U I nave been called. .'!. Ii og to tm countrymen tfie print Wi.ich 1 -hail be governed, in tiie i f to.)M duties, "my first result t that constitution, which I shall

; earthly hopes of the future. The causes nity,onc sacrifice of prejudice and passion,

jot these distentions have been various, : tn ' made bv the ti dividuals tliroughout

j fou ided upon differences of speculation in jj tbe nation, who have heretofore followed

j tfietneorv of republican governmeiit ; upon

( oniucting views of policy, in mr rel itioti

rwitfi foreign nation; upon jealousies of

partial and sectional interests, aggravated OV nreiOilires :i!iil nronocr.ciiUic tvloi-li

,.:ot e !, stof nn abilily,topreserve, r; ers . , . .

i nai revcrea insiru-

(1 Ueftn d.

ti n Tire-th"- p nvers, a. nl pre?e ri- - ! t; t -, of th - ex tit iv. rn t gist rate ; , i i

HU' iM vvor.js, oecl.u i-s me purport

iit ;. these, .i .d the v hole atlionolj tit I

v r. rn nl, ititi!u(ed u it, should oe

t

h and -acredh devdeel toloima r:' ct u.ao", e?taidisn iustice, en

ov tele

TU

t . ( . ail i d . r i' ;

r ' ,. niovtde tor tiie

i ,i d'-f'-a e, pr mote the general wcl- . ! ! in ' t e de-Hogs of libel tv to ' 't thi- ut'ion. in their sticces- '' -: . b; .re the adoption of ; i ' tnn.it I, one ef these genera-i-t'i-s J a- a. It is t!n work" d

it'.- :-. A hui i-tered bv some oi j!

-r fuio .it rn n, u fio cootrihut d to ' nn . t o , . i j j , , a rn Steves liul peri- ? ' a :. il- t t e world, and tlirougn

fi ;tu.!i- of peace arid war, i.aif t e r.;, lition of a-so iated mat ,

I Y f- ... i.

o mi-st ; i-:t' the hopes and a-- t - ft om iii.iefri us in nefaclors d! a .1 iti o:i. It :as piomafed ti.e-

o ! .ne 1 (not eoiiotro.so dear to if a-. to h " -it. far neond the

1 i a . '!'. i.ot , s a ut e d the iree-1 '1 -! e-s ed" thi- pei pie. a- a nr.- ion inheritance. " tit w h. Mi we are in d pitted tor it - i

t. d l ! Iw.tj d hv the xarn-

i t!e , .x, 1(1 U. ;id hv flu-

' n we t.ave e-!.i. ed, a- tiie

.. i.

' I t ! 'a-t

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It is n source of gratification and of encotiragern.'ut to me, to oberve that tiie

jj great result of this experiment upon the

, theory of human rights, has, at the lose of

'that generation by which it was formed. been crowned with success equal, to ti e jino-t faoguiae expectations of its founder-. Union, justice, Irariquiiit v, the coin j m m defn.ee, the general welfare, atal the h ssings of liberty all have been prontoj tod hv the govertifnent under which we ave lived. Standing at 1 his point of time ; ; I'akitig back to that generation which has

; gone bv,;md forward to that which is ad-

ara-ing, we ninv. at ot.ee. indulge in e;rate

ful exultation, and in cheering hope. I From the experietce of the pad. we de j rive ir.strue tive lesson- for the future. Of j the two peat political parties which have I divided the opinions and feelings of our leoiiutrv, the candid and the just will now ! "irnit. that both have contributed splent did talents, spotless integritv , ard'Mit pat-!

iioumii iti ii oisiniere-it ti sacrmces, io ' the f'rin.ition aral adminisfration of this

government: and that both have required a liberal indulgence for a portion 'of human ' . - I rn. i

i i t u 1 1 iii i at.o error. the revoiuttnnai j wars of Europe, commencing precisely at j the m aneot wiien the gover: rnetd of the

United blates firt we'd into operation under this c. n-titutioi , xt ited a c lli.-ion ef se tinen ts and of s mpatlues, which kite

died all the passions, and embittered th cotilic t of parties, till the nation was invol

v d io war, at oi the union was shaken to

its centre. This time of trial e mbraced a

"ia! ith it- provi-ion-., has ! period of live-and-lw enty years, during '. h rsa-d c airi-d into pra - j which, tie policy of the 'union, in its relai ii- effective e orgies. Sill" ! tior.s with Europe, constituted the princii al

asis of our political divisions, at d the

if

. .

a-, to transmit the same.

i" tne sijcce-dii.g generatita;. e ' rin as ,( fi,iriv six xeais. su re l! .t : -.. ,, i ovenar t w a i -tituf 'd.

d nnd

er its autl.orit

! ajs

! a.- !n,-

!' r;ui.-.:i5 liove di-tiibut-d the j ' t - in tio ir va'ri . us fea- j 'drurs, to the revenue and j

a d t tho military force of j I lod .md -eii. r. un t il ien f !

-- - ........ i t . ,

t of t:.e judiciary has expounded 'iti-.., and the law; settling, in

'"incidence with the leglajtn rous weight question

w aic, the impeifc tion of

-'ag i,.jd rendered Un.avoida- " Ar of jubilee since the first ' ;ur t ion has jusf lapsed ;

' ooatio a of our it. dependent v i Oe cor "-ninm.iti.wi uf hofh

" 1 ' ",: -ov fbi- cor.stitufioti. Since ; j- popul dio,i of four millions " ' vh'-d to t; elve. A territon ', i l-e Alis-io-ippi, has been ex .!,!'"" ' h "ea. New slates have 11 nui-d to the union, in numbers f "j" a to thoM- of the first cotdederi i i i ii-. i.i i

;tve been concluded with the

'I

..'i.l.

"! i

t

most arduous part of the action of our fed

eral government. ith the catastopf -e in

which the wars of fhe French revolution termittated, and our own subsequent -peace w ith Great Britain, this bain ful weed of part strife was uprooted. From that time, no difference of ptinc jple, connee ted either with the theory of government, or with our intercourse with foreign nations, has existed, or been c alled forth, in force sufin ient to sustain a continued combi nation of parties, or gjve more than wholesome animation to public sentiment, or legislative debate. Our political creed is, without a elUsemting voice that can be heard, that the will of the people is the source, and the. happiness of the people, the end, of all legitimate government upon earth- That the best security for the beneficence, and the best guaranty against the abuse of power, consists in the freedom, the purity and the frequency of

popular elections I fiat the general goven ment of the union, and the separate governments of the states, are all 'sove

reignties of limited powers; fellow ser

VH'm.ioi.s r,f the earth. The "' o5?lT nations, inhabitants of rc."1!t' !, nut by co: ones!. I tit In

i li"Ve been united with ti in the Jj vunts of the arns masters, uncontrolcd

me standards or political party. It is that of discharging every remnant of rancor against each other; of embracing, a countrymen and friends; and of yielding to talents ai d virtue alone, that Confidence which in turn's of contention for princ iple, was bestowed only upon those who bore the badge of party communion. The collisions of party spirit, w hich originate in speculative opinions, or in dif

ferent view s of administrative polic y, are, j in their natm . transitory. Those which j are found J on geographical divisinec, , '. verse inferos4 of soil, climate, and n i -. . it i .

oi oowieMic ine, are more perma; - oi, ar.u. 1 j tleTiiore, perhaps, more dnngeroti. If .si

j this which gives inestimable value to the i character of our government, at once federal f t i a. iii

a' a national. It holds out to us a perpetual admonition to preserve, alike and with ecpiai anxiety, the rights, of each indiv idu -.1 stile in its own government, at d the rights of tin wfiole nation, in that of the union, Whatever is of domestic con comment, unconnected with the other members of the u ion, or with foreign lands,, belongs ex lusivejy to the ad

n.mi-tration of the state governments. W hatsoever directly involves the rights and interests of the federative fraternity, or of foreign powers, is of the resort of this general government. The duties of both are obvious in the general principle, though sometimes perplexed with difficulties io the detail. To respect the right? of the

state governments is (he inviolable duty of

that of the union': the government of every state will feel its own obligation to repoet and preset ve the rights of the whole. Tiie prejudices every where too eo n mollis entertained against distant strangers, are worn awav, and the jealousies of jarring interests are allaved by the composi

tion and functions of the great national councils, annually assembled from all quarters of the union, at this place. Here the

distinguished men from every section of

our country, while meeting to deliberate upon the great interests of those by whom they are deputed, learn to estimate the talents, and do justice to the virtues of each

other. I he harmony of the nation is pro

mated, and the wdiole u ion is knit togeth

er by the sentiments of mutual respect, the

habits of social intercourse, and ties of

personal friendship, formed between the representatives of its several parts, in performance of their service at this metropolis. Passing from this general review of the

purposes and injunctions of the federal constitution, and their results, as indicating

the first traces of the path of duty, in the discharge of my public trust, 1 turn to the administration of my immediate predecessor, as the second. It has passed away in a period of profound peace; how much to the satisfaction of our country, and to the honor of our country's name is known to you all. The great feature of its policy, in general concurrence with the will of tiie legislature, have been To cherish peace while preparing for defensive war To yield exact justice to other nations, and maintain the rights of our owiV-T cherish the principles of freedom and of equal

i

v ;on v. ill o:i u.o-e o e .

hh '.f.iors. To the fonj; ;i

progress has been made irv the defence of

the country, bv fortifications and increase of the navy towardsthe etlectuauppression of the African traffic ia slaves in alluring the aboriginal hunters of our lad to the cultivation of the soil arid of the mind in exploring the interior regions of the union, and in preparing, by scientific researches and urveys, for the further application of our national resources to the internal improvement of our country. In this brief outline of the promise and performanc e of mt immediate predecessor, thr Ii i' of dllt'. . o ' M:rf," i clear-

lv . T -no I heir en' s:;r". i . itt -a those purpw'-c s of in p; ' : ( , . . ,;0 r en-romofi co- ; ;. : n-: it n . ed or c- ... -

:ne de l hv him. Will

-ii'.et

internal improvement, ei;:",!..iictiis urged

by him at his inauguration, I recur with, peculiar satisfaction. It is that from which I am convinced that the unborn millions of our posterity, who are in future age s to people this continent, will derive their most fervent gratitude to the founders of fhe union; that in which the beneficent action of its government will be most deeply felt and at knowledged. The magnificence and splendor of their public works are among the imperishable glories of the ancient republics. The road and aqueducts of Rome have been the admiration of all after ages, and have survived, thousands ofyears. after all her cooquests have been swallowed up in despotism, or become the spoil of barbarians. Some diversity of opinion has prevailed with regard to the- powers of congress for legislation upon objects of this nature. Tiie most respectful deference is due to douhtl

originating in pure patriotism, and sustained by venerated authority. But nearly twenty years have pasted since the construction of the first national road was commenced. The authority for its construction was then ur questioned. To hovr many thousands of our countrymen has it proved a benefit? To what single individual has it proved an injury ? Repeated liberal and candid discussion in the legislature have conciliated the sentiments, and approximated the opinions of enlightened

minds, upon the question of constitutional power. I cannot but hope that, by the same process of friendly, patient and persevering deliberation, all constitutional objections will ultimately be removed. The extent and limitation of the powe rs of the general government, in relation to this transceudentlv important interest, will be

settled and acknowledged, to the common satisfaction of all; and every spec illative scruple will be solved by a practical public blessing. Fellow citizens, you are acquainted with the peculiar circumstances of the recent election, which have resulted in a fording me the opportunity of addressing you at this time. You have heard the exposition of the principles which will direct me in the fiilljlinntof the higlraud sc!ernn trust imposed upon me in this station. Le:3 possessed of your confidence, in advance, than any of my predecessors, I am deeply conscious of the prospect that I shall stand more and oftener, in need of your indulgence. JuteutiouS; upright aud pure; a