Public Leger, Volume 1, Number 49, Richmond, Wayne County, 5 February 1825 — Page 2

CONGRESSIONAL. Bv the last eastern mail I received nothing from Congress later than to the 18th lilt. The hill for the extension of the Cumberland road was at that time under discussion, but the debates are too long to be inserted in a weekly paper; I will, however, give the remark? of the representatives from Indiana, in this and succeeding numbers. O the 12th, the above named bill being

! conclusions were correct, that theoriginnJ ! intention of Congress was to unite the navf

igable. waters of the Atlantic with those f the Ohio river, and none other, why should the compact made by the United State!

with the state of Ohio provide, that this fund should be applied, under the direc-

I tion of Congress, to making roads, not leading from the waters of the Atlantic tc ! the Ohio merelv, as the gentleman seemed :to suppose? But the compact provides that the fund shall be expended in making j roads from the waters of the Atlantic, j"oic Ohio, to the said state, and through the same." The compact provides, moreover, that 4Me content of the several states through xthiih the road shall pass" shall he

obtained. previously to making such road.

CONVENTION. Between Iho VnUe Stuff nw Ruia. Approved hy thn Senate, Jan. 4,1820 Ant. 1. It is agreed, that, in any part of the great ocean, commonly called the Pacific Ocean, or South Sea, the representatVn ritirens. or subjects, of the high con-

tracting powers, shall be neitlier disturbed a T(-sseI may lie in 6 and 10 fathoms of

Iiwi - - . .. 1 mv. lUi rr . A A I a 1 . .. V)

1 I burden as high r.s Vr.scjTCr'i Point ab0 90 n iles from the month. a j From my personal observations, 1 5bouj judge that the most practicable and expedient place to form a settlement, would b t on a Bav which is formed by a curve of t?

tmiiK auove i ungue i oini. m this ft-..

read. Mr. Beerber, of Ohio, and Mr. Cook,

of Illinois. occupied the floor for some time; j woud n?k Mr Cjiairman, what road? If

after thev had concluded, Mr. Jennings the whole of the two per cent fund of In

fishing, or in the power of resorting to the const for the nurnose of trading with the

natives, saving always the restrictions and conditions determined by the following articles. Art. II. With the view of preventing

the rights of navigation and of fishing, exercised upon the great ocean by the citizens

the heavy westerly winds.

From the Colurjhin Gazette. Copy ofa letter from the Secretary of Var dated, ' War Department, January 10, 1 82

Sir 1 am directed by the President nf

roe and made the following remarks: Mr. Jenmn-os, of Indiana, observed that

he regretted being obliged to oppose the

diana and Illinois has been rightfully pledged, and, if so, correctly expended, in the construction ofa road to the Ohio river,

! - . f - . a A "

;and subjects ot the high contracting pow- the Umled States, in reply to the letter - A ! ers, from becoming the pretext for an illicit dressed to him bv the Delegations of Ohio

irauo, ii is ugicru iimii ... Indiana, and Illinois, on the subirct of rnn.

r - -

bill- hut he believed that the history of as gentlemen contend, what has the con-

rl .p stntrn vw:i nn SLMIl Ol lUCSiaiCS WCSl OI KJIWO lO UO Willi

the measure, in its earlier stages,

grr erallv known or understood. In the ori ,'in d ronjpnet between the state ol Ohio on. I the United States, two percent, out of five per cent, of the proceeds of the puidie lands was reserved for the purpose

and what bearing can such consent have upon, the operation which shall take place under the appropriations of this fu d?'!

admit that Congress lias the power to ap-

United States shall not resort to any point tinuing tllC sarvey of the road (JT(m u

where mere is a ivussian ma.M.M.u.rni, ing to Mississippi, to state that he is dulv

tvitiirkiit tn nrrmitc rtn in iiip iiovrr nur ui : i : i ., v

Commander; and that reciprocally, the subjects of Russia shall not resort without permission to any establishment of the Uniited States upon the Northwest Coast.

impressed with the importance of the oh.

ject and that the survey of the road falU within the first diss of operations u.nler the act for Internal Improvements, passed the last session of Congress: but the

Art. III. It is moreover agreed, that ?oii is so far advanced that it is hclieved

hereafter there shall not he formed, by1 impossible to execute the survey the pres-

propriate the two per ent. fund of I. diana, the citizens of the U. States, or under the j cnt year, with the greatest diligence on to making a road through the state f Ohio I authority of the said states, any establish- ; the part of the Board instituted for the

' - - . . .... . . . . .i .t .i . r a : 1 . ,v .

ter of the Atlai tic to the i avigable wa- ' to the t-it i Indiana; but I deny the j ment upon me rsonnwesi oasi oi nnit-n- purpose ol carrying into ette t the act atci of the Ohio, and thence through the ' r'ht of Congress, although the power has ca, nor in any of the Islands adjacent to bove referred to. It will however receive tate of Ohio The compact did i ot ore- i been exercised, to apply the two percent.! the north of fifty-four degrees and forty as early attention as is consistent with it

sciihe what kind of road it hould be nor I; Ill,,u inuiara, 10 Hie making a road trom minuies oi norm lauiuur, .nu uiai m ic preseni arrangements auopted tor iultill

with what views it should be constructed, ine naviganie waters o tlie Atlantic to same manner uirrc mwii u nunc nnncu :,ineoi)jeci? oi trie act.

whet ,er with a national view or not. Con- i! "bio: a- d I shall not, therefore, give hi Kusian sulijects or under the an honty

pre-, in fulfilment of this contract.

thought propt-r to make such a road as was rot to be fou- il elsewhere in the U ited Si it-: and thev continued to carrv It torwaul without considering what the fund pi dgrd wa likeh t yield till it i me w l of the Allegany mountains. They th found that the w hole proceeds of the fu I had been swall- wed up, and more. T en an appropriation wa ake) to t ( mpU'te the road on the same cale; some difficulties arose; a d hi 1819. the appropriation wa- made, with a proviso, the eff t a t of which wa c.mpb'tev to violate a cotitraf t with the state of I diana. (Here Wh. J. cuoted the art of 1G19.) The compart with Indiana "'as not similar in its term- to that with Ohio it prescribed a Sp ' Hie location for the road but the appr piiatioji could not be obtained on any ot r condition. Two ears since a bill w.i- "f.troduced into the house to repair tin- Cumherland road and he had otfered a arnr dment to if, with the express icw of rem ving the restriction imposed on the fu I ! tlie act of 1819; which, however, he wa induced, by tlie solicitations ol his friend-, to w ithdraw he had alwas tho't, however, that the government kept bad faith with the state of Indiana. He had a reaso: and an object in wishing that the T.,..! n.. i . . t . .1 ...... ..a c . . wA

g" in Hi-it in in .in ti tiiu iipt'iii'ti iiiu I n nui. T o w hoh- of the (w d pledged has been expended, and the road for which it was firM pledged is not even located. The state of I'dia-.a has no authnriU to locate it. Tl-at can bo done o lv by the general government. So that all is kept in a state of Siisp.M.sc, and nothh g can be done for wa tt ofa location But if this were once efl ' ! (I; if an appropriation were granted, tir-t to locate the whole of the road, I w u!d then he billing to give the gentleuna, enough to carry tlie road in a complete stale to Zanesville. Th u rsday. Jan. 13. After a long debate between Mr. MD Wie, of Snuth Carolina, Mr. Rankin, of Mississippi, Mr. M'Lean, of Ohio, and Mr.

had mv yote for the appropriation of money, '( of Russia south of the same parralhl.

which carries with it a pledue unon the

two per cent, fund of I diana, us til this

Art. IV. It is nevertheless understood

that during a term of ten vears, counting

road is located, at least, to the Mississippi j. from the signature of the present conven

river. Te seat of go( rnmei.t of the tion, the ships of both powers or which bestate which, in part, I have the honor to Jorig to their citizens or subject! respei tivereprcscnt, is located permanently, and this i h, may reciprocally frequent, without any road, if ever we are to have one, w ill ! hindrance whatever, the interior seas, pass through its site. But this road, can : gulls, harbors, and creeks, upon the coast he located only b the authority of Con- j mentioned in the preceding article, for gross. In the prospcrit of the capital of! the nurnose of fishing and trading with the

. . . . . . . . - i - . -

M-

r er, of Penns Ivania, on tlie hill for the

ete sion of the Cumberland road, Mi. Jlnm.vcs asked tlie indulgence of the committee a few minutes. He said t' .?. sit),,. the committee has refused to am- d the bill, by striking out ti e section w n n contained a pledge upon the two pe. r, i t. fund of Indiana hi d Illinois, for t: repayment to the treasury of the U. S of the mone, the annronriniii.n nf

w o -, was now cont-mplaled, he would gie '.is reasons why he should he compelled to oppose tlie passage ol the bill. In th- ii.sctissjon of this subject, the construeti - t ie compacts between the United S' i, s and the states northwest of the Ohio rivei. had been introduced, and which, if the construction of those instruments by gome gentlemen, were to be considered a: co, r ct, would tend to confirm the pledge, vhb.i, hy an act of the 3d March, 1819, C 'iress. had imposed upon the two per ce t. fund of l diai a and Illinois, for the Tf inn.uisemei.t of A250.000 appropriated to complete the Cumhei land road to Wheeling. The gentleman front Mississippi, if he u lerat. od hint correctly, coi eluded ll ;.l tJ e power of congress to contiid the two p. cert, fund of those states, wa a gci er. ! peuer, which could he exercised at pi , so ja i Hs it regards the local ( . -pciiOiiurc of this iuiid. If the geutlenjuii h

tlie state, the citizens of Indiana have not

; only an interest, but an interest which involves the value of real propert , to a considerable extent ; but she has no control, nor is her interests in having this road located, to he regarded by the provisions of this bill. That it was the original 'intention of Congress that this road should be located, opened and cos strueted, to the state of Missouri, so far as the fu; d might he adequate to the ojbert. I have no doiihf, and j that it was eualh the intention of Conigressthat the two per cent, fund of Ohio should be expended in making a road from ithe Atlantic waters to the said Mate;-and 'that the two per cent, fund of Indiana ; should he expended in making a road thro' 0 do, to I idiana, and that of Illinois, in a ; like manner through Indiana, to Illinois. Bu. the constructions, and the character ; of the road contemplated to be constructed by the provisions of this bill, will x j pend every cent that may hereafter accrue j before this road, such as it is intended to (he, shall reach the seat of goven ment of ! Ohio; and thus the location and openii g of

this road through Indiana, will ultimately have to depend upon the bounty of Congress, instead of testing upon the compact. That the original intention of Congress comports with the construction of those compacts w ith the United States, and 4the several states through which the road shall pass,M which I consider correct, is evinced by the course adopted by Congress, Under whose authority Commissioners were employed, a few years since, to locate this road through those several states. And why this measure on the part of Con

gress, if the constructions which have been given to those compacts he correct? The State of Indiana, in accepting the conditions o ire red by Congress as an equivalent to her renouncing any right to tax the

j lands of the United States, &c. placed a j value on this fund, and it formed no unj important part in the ngregrate eonsideralion, which induced the state to enter into j a full execution of the contract on her

part. But the disposition which has been, and is now proposed to be made of this fund, is, in eijTect,to destroy the just expectation of the state in relation to it; and, while I admit the power of Congress to pass this bill the previous pledge which has been imposed upon the 2 per cent, fu- d oi India' a, when the appropriation was made in 1819. to complete the Cum-

berland road to VV heeling, was as n ucl a

pledge upon that fund, for making a rciid to any or all ti e states borderii g upon the shores of the Ohio and Mississippi rivals, a it was a pledge to redeem an appropriation made for the construction of a rod leading to Indiana. He regretted that the construction of those comparts had not been more generally examined ! than he suppose il they had, and he could not view the th cts produced orto he produced by constructions which have been given to them, as tending to any other result, than a violation ol the contract on the part of the Urn ltd States with the state of Indiana.

natives of the country.

Art. V. All spirituous liquors, fire amis, powder and munitions of war of eve-

r kind, are always excepted from this same commerce, permitted by the preceding article: and the two powers engage reciprocally neither to sell nor suffer them to he sold, to the natives, by their respective ; citizens and subjects, nor by any person who may be under their authority. It is likewise stipulated that this restriction shall ; never ailoid a pretext, nor be advanced ( in any case, to authorize either search or ' detention of the vessels, seizure of the merchandize, or in fine any measure of constraint whatever towards the merchants or the crews who may carrv on this commerce ; the high contracting powers reciprocally reserving to themselves to determine upon the penalties to be incurred, and to indict the punishments in case of the contravention of this article by their respective citizens or subjects.

Art. VI. When this convention shall have been dulv ratified by the President of the United States, with the advice and consent of the Senate, on the one part, and on the other bv Ins Majesty the Emperor of all the Russia, the ratifications shall be' exchanged at Washington, in the space of ten months from the date below, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this convention, and thereto affixed the seals of their arms. Done at St. Petersburg!), the 7th (15th) April, of the y ear of grace one thousand eight hundred and twenty-four.

Henry Middletov, LeComte Charles I)e Nesselrode, Pierre De Politica.

I have the honor to be, verv respectfully

sir, your most obedient servant, J. C. CALHOUX. To the lion. Ethan A. Brown, Ohio,

LAW OF THE UNITED STATES. AN ACT autliorijri2 r i'.-i cn nl f.r ianrl rrromuuslj sold b th, United .ctMfi Pn: it enacted the Senate and limn of Representatives of the Uivtc.l States f .imcy ica in Congress assembled, That even person, or the legal representative ot cwry person, who i, or may be, a purchaser oi a tract of land from the United States, ti.e purchase whereof is, or may be void hv reason ofa prior sale thereof by the United Slates, or by the confirmation, or other Itgal emblemishment of a prior British,

; French, or Spanish, grant thereof, or tor ; want of title thereto in the Ui.ilrd States.

or from any other cause whatsoever, . be entitled to repay ment of any sum or sums of money paid for, or on accouM cf

such tract of land, on making proof, to the i satisfaction of the Secretary of the Treasury, that the same was errot consly ( ldf I in manner aforesaid, by the Ui ited Slates, who is hereby authorized and required to

pay such sum or sums of money, paid as aforesaid. Approved: Jan. 12th, If. -25. JAMES MONROE.

L. S. L. S. L. S.

Colvmria River. The following is extracted from a manuscript furnished the edit orof the Newburv port Herald by Capt. Frederick Cummerford, who made' a voyage to the Columbia River, in 1821. The seasons here are verv regular. The

summer is usually pleasant, with little or no rain. Throughout the winter it rains

a greater part of the lime. Between Sen- . i i . ...

icmoer anu marcii, the prevailing wind is from the west, which renders the river, for

tlie most part ol that time, almost inacccs sihle.

The residents have it in their power to

live very comtortalile. tin me of all kinds is in abundance as are fish, consisting

('.nut ui.my oi me sturgeon and salmon. The salmon are peculiarly important, and entirely superior to those obtained at the northward. To the North West Company, the Post on the Columbia river is of great consequence. All the supplies for their extensive chain of Posts, west of the Rockv Mountain, arc brought into the place, anil from it are exported all the collections from thom. From every description of the river in my power to obtain, I am led to believe that it is navigable for vessels oi 300 toi

Burns was never in Greenock but orre, and that was when about to take Wit jus-

sage to the West Indies. On that occasion, j however, his satirical spirit gave t'm to

one caustic remark, which is too good to be lost, and has not yet as far as we co llect, appeared elsewhere. Having Lroic down to the harbor, to vi w tlie sliip which he had destined tocarry him front I is native shores, he arrived just as a gentleman, no-

. ing on hoard on the same errand, had tlie

misfortune to stumble, and fall into the water between the shin's side and thcquiy.

By the intrepidity and exertions of a ea man, who instantly plunged in after him, he was saved from drowning, and hn unlit ! on hoard w ith no other injury saveasouud I ducking. The rescue, however, demanded a sigj rial display of his liberality towards his j preserver, and turning round, he, with ' no small ostentation tendered I tint the sum j of sixpence, as the reward of his courage

and humanity. The bystanders were astonished, and inveighed loudly against such unparalleled meaness. Burns aMic remained silent, hut when pressed to pvc his opinion on the act 'Why," said he "the gentleman is surt ly the he?t judfif o( the value of his own life.M Scotch paper. Extract No pride of talents, nor haughtiness of spirit, can entirely eradicate that natural and feminine sentiment which impels a woman to look up to man a? superior being. Indeed, so instiiu tively does her heart demand this distinction for the object of its choice, that, even in t!;c most ill-assorted ntf.irhmpnfs. wherein

. T passion has completely usurped the place of reason, it is curious to observe how this feeling still asserst its power, and how tenacious it becomes in magnifying the slightest merits in the most worthless character, and creating for its imaginary claims to regard and to submission. 4'She saw Get! in him," Milton has truly and beautifully said. Tell not what you know, judge not what yen see, and you will live in qiiiet. Leave your sou a j;ood reputation aid an employment.