Public Leger, Volume 1, Number 42, Richmond, Wayne County, 25 December 1824 — Page 4

feONTINUED FROM FIRST PAGE. loans, will exceed 13,500,000, which, with the sum remaining in the Treasury at the end of the last year, amounting to $9,463,922 81, will, after discharging the current disbursements of the year, the interest on the public deht, upwards of 1 1,633,01 1 52 of the principal, leave a balance of more than 3.000,000 in the treasury on the 1st day of January next. A larger amount of the debt contracted

luring the late war, bearing an interest of

ix per cent, becoming redeemable in the course of the ensuing year, than could be discharged by the ordinary revenue, the act of 27th May, authorised a loan of $5,000.000, at 4 1-2 per cent, to meet the same. By this arrangement, an annual

saving will accrue to the public of 75,000. Under the act of the 21th of May last, a loan was authorized, in order to meet the awards under the Florida treaty, which was negotiated at par with the Bank of the U. States, at 4 12 per cent, the limit of the interest fixed by the act. By this provision, the claims of our citizens, who had sustained so great a loss by spoliations, and from whom indemnity had been so long withheld, were promptly paid. For these advances the public will be amply repaid at no distant day, by the sale of the land in Florida. Of the great advantage resulting from the acquisition of the Territory, in other respects, too high an estimate cannot be formed. It is estimated that the receipts into the Treasury, during the year 1825, will be sufficient to meet the disbursements of the year, including the sum of 10,000,000 which is annually appropriated by act, constituting the Sinking Fund, for the paymert of the principal and interest of the puhlic debt. The whole amount of the public debt, on the 1st dav of Ja uarv next, mav be estimated at GG.000,000, inclusive of"2,500.000 of the loan authorised by the act of 26th May last. In the estimate is included a stock of 7,000.000, issued for the pure base of that amount of the capital stock of the Bank of the United States, and which as the stock of the Bank still held by the govemmer t, will at least be

ful.lv equal to its reimbursement, ought not to be considered as constituting a part of the puhlic debt. Estimating, then, the w h b- amount of the public del't at 79, 000,000, and regarding the annual receipts a.d expenditures of the government, a well fuui-ded hope may be entertained, that should no unexpected event occur, the whole of the pu!ic debt may be discharged in the course of ten years, and the government be left at liberty afterwards to apply uch portion of the revenue as may not he necessarv for current expenses to such other objects as may be con-du-ive .to the public welfare. That the Sune applicable to these objects will be Very considerable, may be fairlv concluded, when it is recllected, that a large amount of the puhlic revenue has been applied, since the late war, to the construction of the public building in this city, to the cre tion of fortifications along the coast, and of arsenal in different parts of the U :ion; to the augmentation of the navy; to the extinguishment of Indian titles to large tracts of fertile territory; to the acquisition of Florida; to pensions to revolutiot ar othcers and soldiers; and to invalids of the late war. On manv of these objei ts the e xpense will annually be dimi -iherl, and at no distant period cease on in- st of them. Oi the 1-t day of January, 1817, the public debt am unted to 123,491,965 16; at d, notwithstanding the large sums which have been applied to these objects, it has been reduced since then, 37,446,961 78. The lat portion of the public debt will be redeemable on the 1st of January, 1835, a d while there is the bet reason to believe that the resources of the government will be continually adequate to such portion of it as may become due, in the intet Val, it i recommended to congress to seize every opportunity which may present itSelf, to reduce the rate of interest upon every part thereof. The high state of the p'i die credit, ;i t the great abundance of m ,ey, are at this time very favorable to sin 'i r ult. It must be very gratifying to our fellow-citizens to witness this ffourishinu tate of the public finances, when it is recollected that no burden whatever has been imposed upon them. The Military establishment, in all its branches, in the performance of the var oh duties assigned to each, justifies the (aV. Table view which was presented of the chtciency of its organization, at the last S( --ion. All the appropriations have been regularly applied to the objects intended j In Congress; ai d so tar as the disburse ments have been made, the accounts have

been rendered and settled without loss to the public. The condition of the army itseff. as relates to the officers ai d men, in the scie nce i"d discipline, is highly respectable. The Military Academy, on which

the armv essentially rests, and to which

it is much indebted for this state of improvement, has attained, in comparison with any other institution of a like kind, a high degree of perfection. Experience, however, has shown, that the dispersed condition of cthe orps of Artillery is unfavorable to the discipline of that important branch, of the Military Establishment. To remedy this inconvenience, eleven companies have been assembled at the fortificati ns erected at Old Point Comfort, as a school for artillery instruction; with intention, as they shall be perfected in the various duties of that service, to order them to other posts, and to supply their places

with other companies, for instruction in like manner. In this mode, a complete knowledge of the science and duties of this arm will be extended throughout the whole Corps of Artillery. But to carry this object fully into effect, will require the aid ofCongrcss; to obtain which, the subject is now submitted to y our consideration. : Of the progress which has been made in the construction of Fortifications for the

knowledge they would thus acquire, they ; promptly suppress it. WbctW would be eminently better quahticd, m the bers should be pursued on the h 1 w:.r. fnrthe great purposes for j local authorities-be made rnnn.;i ' 1 "

event of war, for the great purpose

which they were instituted; Our relations with the Indian tribes, within our limits, have not been materiallv changed during the year. The hostile disposition evinced by certain tribes, on the Missouri, during the last year still continues, and has extended in some degree, to those on the upper Mississippi, and the upper Lakes. Several parties of our citizens have been plundered and murdered by those tribes. In order to establish relations of friendship with them, congress

j at the last session, made an appropriation ! for treaties with them, and for the errrploy-

meat of a suitable military escort to accom-, Ipanv and attend the commissioners at the' places appointedfor the negotiations. '.This object hOot bcen effected. The season was too-far advanced when the ap propriation was made, and the distance toe ! great to permit it; but measures have beet taken, and all the preparations will be ! completed, to accomplish it at an early pe f riod in the next season.

these atrocities, or nnv ntho. lfr

j resorted to,to suppress them.is submits , I the consideration of Congress. at W 4 a i 4.1. I

iin.i Auuii.iii ui me laws lor the pression of the Slave Trade, a vcfStUP"

jbeen occasionally sent trom that sqiH j to the coast of Africa, with orders tV turn thence by the usual track of the ships, and to seize any of our vessel vvHj l might be engaged in that trade. ' ''1 jhave been found, and, it is believed, j none are thus employed. It is well know ' however, that the trade still cxWs tfV other P " "J-r rp. 'it

permanent defence of our maratimo fron

tier, according to the plan decided on, jj Believing that the hostilitvof the tribes and to the extent of the existing appropria- jj particularly on the upper Mississippi actions, the report of the Secretary of War,;' the lakes is, in no small degree, owing U which is herewith communicated will give the wars which are carried on betweer a detailed account. Their final comple-; the tribes residing in that quarter, meas tion cannot fail to give great additional se- ur0 have been taken to bring about a gen curity to that frontier, and todiminsh pro- cra peace am ing them, which, if success portionably the expense of defending it in j fuj, will not only tend to the security o the event of war. onr citizens, but" he of great advantage tt The provisions of the several actsofCon- t,e Indians themselves. With the excepgress of the last session, for the improve- j tjMi nf ri10 tribes referred to, our relation? merit of the navigation of the Mississippi wjt, all the others arc on the most friendly and the Ohio, of the Harbour of l're?q'ile footing; and it affords me great saltsfactioi on Lake Erie, and the repair of the I'l.V-:! to add, that they are making steady admoutb Beach, are in the course of regular ( vance? m civilization and the improvement execution; and there is reason to believe ij 0ftrir condition. Many of the tribes have , that the appropriation in each instance : aircajv rn..je great progress in the arts;

will he adequate to the subject. 1 o car- j 0f civilized lite. This desirable result

ry these improvements billy into effect, ' jiag heen brought about by the humane the superintendence of them has been as-;arui persevering policv of the government,

signed to officers of the Corps of Engineers.

Under the act of the 30th of April last, authorising the President, to cause a survey to be made with the necessary plans and estimates of such roads and canals, as he might deem of national importance, in a commercial or military point of view, or for the transportation of the mail. a board has been instituted, consisting of two distinguished officers of the Corps of Engineers and a distinguished Civil Engineer, with assistance, who have beei. actively employed in carrying into effect the objects of the act. .They have c arefully examined the route between the Potomac and the O do rivers; between the latter and Lake Erie; between the Alleghany and the -Susquehanna!); and the routes between the Delaware and the Raritan, B trnstahle, ami B izz ird's Bay ; between Boston harbour and N iragai.set Bay. Such portion of the Corps of Topographical Engineers as could be spared from the survey of the coast, has been employed in surveying the very important route between the Potomac and the Ohio. Considerable progress has been made in it, but the survey cannot be completed until the next season. It is gratifying to add, fiom the view already taken, that there is good cause tobelive that this great nation

al object may be fully accomplished. It is contemplated to commence early in the next season the execution of the other branch of the act, that which relates to roads, and with the survey of a route from this city through the southern states to N. Orleans, the importance of which cannot be too highly estimated. All the othcers of both the corps of Engineers, who could be spared from other services, have been employ ed in exploring and surveyinp the routes for canals. To digest a plan for both objects, for the great purposes speci

fied, will require a thorough knowledge of

every part of our Union, and of the; relation of each part to the others, and of all to the seat of the General Government. For such a digest, it will he necessary that the information be full, minute, ana precise. With a view to these important ob

jects, I submit to the consideration ofCon

grcss the propriety of enlarging both the corps of Engineers, the. Military and Topographical. It need scarcely be remarked, that the more extensive those corps are engaged in the improvement of their country, in the execution of the powers of congress, and in aid of the states, in such improvements as lie beyond that limit, when such aid is desired, the happier the effect will be in many views of which the subject is susceptible. By profiting of their science, the works will always be well executed; and by giv ing to the officers such employment, our Union will derive all the advantages, in peace, as well as in war, from their talents and services, which they can afford. In this mode also, the military will be incorporated with the civil, and unfounded and injurious distinctions and prejudices of every kind be done away. To the corps themselves this service can

not fail to bo equally usefulsince by the I

and particularly by means cf '.he appro

priation for the civilization of the Indians, j There have been established, under the I provisions of ibis act, thirty-two schools, ! containing nine hundred and sixteen scho1 lars,who are well instucted in several branches of literature and likewise in agricul- ! ture and the ordinary arts of life, j Under the appropriation to authorise

j treaties with the Creek and Quapaw Indi

ans, Commissioners have necn appointed and negociations are now pending, but the result is not y et known. For more full information, respecting the principle which has been adopted for carrying into eflcet the act of Congress

! authorising surveys, with plans and esti

mates for canals and roads, and on every other branch of duty incident to the Department of War, I refer you to the report eS the Secretary. The squadron in the Mediterranean has been maintained in the extent which was

j proposed in the annual report of the Secre

tary of the rsavy of the last year, and has aflorded to our commerce the necessary protection in that sea. Apprehending however, that the unfriendly relations which have existed between Algiers and some of the powers of Europe, might be extended to us, it has been thought expe

dient to augment the force there; and in consequence, the "North Carolina," a ship of the line, has been prepared, and w ill sail in a few days to join it. The force employed in the gulf of Mexico and in the neighboring Seas, for the suppression of piracy, has likewise been preserved essentially in the state in which it was during the last year. A persevering effort has been made for the accomplishment of that object, and much protection has thereby been afforded to our commerce, but still the practice is far from being suppresed. From every view which has been taken of the subject, it is thought that it will be necessary rather to augmeDt than to diminish our force in that quarler. There is reason to believe that the piracies now complained of, arc committed by bands of robbers who inhabit the - land, and who, by preserving good intelligence with the towns, and seizing favorable opportunities, rush forth, fall on unprotected merchant vessels of which they make an easy prey. The pillage thus taken, they carry to their lurking places and dispose of afterwards at prices tending to seduce the neighboring population. This combination is understood to be extensive, and is the more to be deprecated because the crime of piracy is often attended with the murder of the crews, these robbers know

ing if any survived, their lurking places would be exposed and they be caught and punished. That this atrocious practice should be carried to such extent, is cause of equal surprise and regret. It is presumed that it must be attributed to the relaxed and feeble state of the local governments, since it is not doubted, from the high character of the governor of Cuba, who is well known and much respected here, that if he had the )ower be would

t ! rr , , though the transportation of the mail wiiu- , in the year has been much increased. A j report of the Postmaster General, wl irhi;

transmitted, will furnish, m detail, the recessary information respecting tie administration and present state of this department. In conformity with a resolution-of "ror gress. of the last session, an invitation w ;.$ given to Gen. La Fayette to viit ti e I'. States, with an assurance that a hip I I f 1 . A 1 A . - . A . r r. .

war snouia nirenu nr. any pori m n.i which he miLht desiirnate. to reave o;J

convey him accross the Atlantic, :eu-v er it might be convenient for him to .. He declined the offer of the paM'ic , from motives of delicacy, but a?sred ire

i that he had long intended, ai d wcu!J ortainly visit our union in the course unhe ; present vear. In August la?t l.c armed ! at New York, where he was received im the warmth of affection arid unUudHo I which his verv important and ler:! j serv ices and sacrifices in our rcvoiutionar; j struggle, so eminently entitled l.im. A corresponding sentiment has sii ce been

manifested m his favour throuiouwun portion of our union, and affectiorate ii tations have been given him to extet d visits to them. To tliese be h;i all the accommodation in hi power. every designated point of rend -ivou?, tlie whole population of the neighboring ffv line lrrn nesnm hhrt to frrect a'

...i : i,.. :.wi ; a nefulitfi

manner the sensibility of all, to!eVM W surviving members of our revolutu'i w content, civil and military, who shared him in the toils and dangers of the many of them in a decrepit! state. more interesting spectacle, it i$ 'e,R ,j was never witnessed, because i)P"c c ' be founded on purer principles, cced from higher or more disintcrestc

J. lift l IIIU ItClllla vi

ft-titrrlif ntwl lilcwt n.'iflt hi in. Ill 3

cause, should have been mucn - j

natural. There are,howcvcr,cn u - , ces attending those interviews, "'U vaded the whole community, and to" ) the breasts of cverv age, even the ou - j amongst us. There Was not an lluUylJ present, who had not some relative fli'M partaken in those scenes, nor an inlan had not heard the relation of tlK'm ih , circumstance which was nwstser-s'1- . and which his presence brought :"r J to the recollection of all, was the - ) cause in which we were engaged. J blessings which we have derived lro ) success in it. The struggle was lor J pendente and liberty, puhlic ami H - J i i rrin net'1!

and in this we succeetieu. . . j.lCJ with one who had borne so distH g11-' . . . i.. .,il fimniSUlI"

pan in tnai greai sirugg.v,,u . t h tyand disinterested motives, , couW i ,

u mice i proiouisui) t-n ' i. ml thatwc"

wiucn iJc. is iiuiui'"- v

all take a deep interest in ins fare as we do. His high claims 01. Union are felt, and the sentiment u.-

sal that they should be met in a . spirit. Under these impression?'

h ret. VVH

-pi i it.

mur attention lo me $uim., - -,c.

iu - iic xrttrx- Miinortan -

cONCLUDCD ON SECOND

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