Public Leger, Volume 1, Number 41, Richmond, Wayne County, 18 December 1824 — Page 2

Extract from the Message of Governor Morrow, to the Legislature of Ohic 4Bv the provisions of the law constituting the hoard, of Canal Commissioners and which defines their powers and prescribes their duties, the whole subject in nil its details is submitted to them: they ire directed to report their proceedings in general, with the estimates of the cost of construction and comparative advantages of each of the proposed canal routes and also information respecting the a) and nvansfor earning the intended work into etr-rt; to the General AswmMy direct. The executive cannot be supposed to be possessed, nor is he in fact possessed of anv official information on the subject, hence the views and considerations that will be submitted are proposed onl in the shape of general remarks. In the consideration of the subject it appears that the general utility and advantage of canal navigation and the derided preference, which on experiment it maintains for superior facility, cheapness and safety over conveyance bv river navigation, or by land carriage on the het improved roads, is now universal!' admitted, and cannot reasonably be questioned. And that a view to the situation of Our interior country to the nature ami quantity of its pioducts and to the markets accessible alone at present for vending these products, cannot fail to force the conviction that the proposed canal for opening a navigable communication to the L ikes, and thr-ugh them to the ea-tern cities, will afford advantages real, great and perm ment. To the execution of this work, nature has interposed no insuperable obstacle; the supply of water ha heen acertai- ed to be sufficient, and the ground on examination, found to he

favorable. The advantage being uquesti ia'de. and the natural practicability of the work havi .g been satisfactorily ascertained, the subject thus far presents itself in a fivorable aspect to the legislature. B-fore, however, any final determination can be made, tw . important points, hit to be of much dihVulty and delicacy will pieSent themselves for decision. The solectio . a .d designation of a particular route, and the provisions tosupph the necesar fu ds to carry on and complete the work. I.i determining the preference to a partic-

tiitr- route, the general accommodation, a" I economy in the c.t of construction, will form the real criterion on which to form a judgment, while the report of the CommisshM ers fmhrucir g the opinion of th I'ngi eers. will present the facts, and far i?h tin- lights, to direct to a just decisis . k0 i the opinion and judgment of the di-' i iguisii'd civil engineer who has been Cmpl d to review the routes, on which a luiatiou has luct! made, much reliance should be placed. His impartiality, together with iiis practical knowledge and skill, ac.;uir d bv long experience, entitle his opinion to the highest confidence. It is perhaps unncccssarv further to remark, that w ithall the information and lights that the reports arid examinations on the routes will afford, mile- in the investigation, gen-

erd interests a d policy be kept in view,

Hit; twr'ni-i" ........ . . .

on account of character tor greav ...u. ou-ht to be mentioned, (M. Pou son,) spun and knithim a pair of socks; which show of what the material is capable. , Li ,;u him various nrools

Mr. u. urougiu - .

Extract rron, tlic of Governor Ztl

Pleasants, of Virginia, to the Legislature of that state.

"Whilst on the subject of the criminal law, I will call the attention of the Legislature to part of our code, the propriety of which I have been led to doubt. I allude to the punishment of free white persons by stripes in public, and the transportation

of free persons of colour beyond the limits-

of the United States, there to be sold as slaves for life. One of the great objects of our criminal code, as at present organized, is the reformation of the offender.

A freee white person who has been public-; , . . . , t t fi ,,tmost consterna

lv whipped, must be so completely exdud-j vaij at Havti,in consequence of ed from respectable society, that a chance j apprr1(.,,sioii that war was inevitable of reformation must be nearly hopeless. ' 'w-tJ, pratirc. 'Kvery face here,(savs the Such a law must operate like that act of I writ.r aimot bespeaks despair. Times the British Parliament which directed that so precarious that vessels do not von-

GCATIMALA.-T!lfi Boston P..lU.t.

We have conversed with a

left Truxillo, September 7, wm " xl rate? the intelligence leccivcl !S

York, relative to a civil wnr r, n

and Guatimala. He states that 11 tl

i i wi tin mv. "inn? ii. m iaKfn t

-'UI f

we i I unn ?i ffl nil III I lff i it 1 1 fl v fc

of the ingenuity of the natives; r. -; - y - w0n,,n ) c . L,i,iV &rr. made of grass, man- children; that the communication A

i oi i loin, imzm - .. ; . j p mi "ii ii'.i nCii-lnrcd gold, cotton, war utens.U, & j .t.-r.orn..d rriwilln, a,cut,,J. S -veral of these were from tl.c interior, cao-o of these u..Ik..Pv commn,j.1M H

..A W(.re made bv the f ouians. . . -mruimi, rif I

Havt. -The editors of the New-York , reo.es, wi.o were Uesm.u, t0(f 1,A'TI' A.e. u.a lot4.r from ( the govemmeid and place everv ii.aiv,-5

L'.i..iiur I'iisl !1I1V CO lvu

""PI SATURN

estate c

r.,i,.;rr Pt havt

IjJtMIHi. - .

Port-au-Prince, ot ttie ni oi w ...

pers

ons convicted f certain offences,

.it

hould be branded in the lorhead witn

the letter R. The impolicy of the law was , found, in the course of a very short expe-1 rier.ee, and it was repealed the first ses- I sion succeeding the One of its enactme; t. , The law also which directs, that for certain offences, free persons of colour shnll be transported beyond the limits of the

I A

tr. to rnme here : and there is a greai sus

pension of business, which a few m nth ntro was nourishing. All the merchant

are endeavoring to send their property i

...... ,c A t i - '

indiscriminate plunder of all rronf.r,, V

the wliites took place. AirYir wore in- :

i dismal aspect, business of n Vir.d tt '

i a sianu ai I ruxino, no moiie or prohf, Mexico. General Guadal upr. Vj,, vi- li-iu Im.ti t'ffil nri-kiflm.t ,.ftl. r-

I Kt nil." i. - i i Jl I fl i j

JWcxicrm States, and general Nicholas i

.1 1 A "

tlis ; vo, vice presiueni.

t, i . i. . . i ;

r ranee nas ueen placing a gam ),,

has not succeeded. S mie tinu

United States, and sold a slaves, is cer-

av as fast as possible, having tears mat governoi ,,, m... u. n,u: an age-t

. President will lay an embargo on an ,..m.-xm., .. r ra. m I deirous of cultivating a good M d r.!, a.

i t tUn nhove. the Evening mg.and recognizing the repu..ir. A ix

ct fKv oo .a. "We have perused , er agent with similar mstructio: s,prf,.j.

a- : i i,,iinn. hv I?. Ii.gi .ac, , ed to Colombia. IJ th gover: mcu

- . .III I Mill Illl VIJil.,' 7

tainlv the most rigorous law of our whole , ,P.,rf,rif.rni a.d se retarv to his ex-

crimi al code. Several persons ofthU des- crjfC!irv tv. President of Hay ti, dated Occription have been removed from different from whicl u apM.!irs that the Jails in the state, to the I enitentian , for . no al)nrtdieision

.. I ' I 1 1 I ' I 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I l mv "--- l

w.ih. :uid fraiisnortation. but the conMitu

tionality of the law having been doubted,' a case, has been tried in the General Court on that point. It is understood to have been the unanimous opinion of the Judges, ; at the last June term, that the law does

not violate the constitution. hatevcr mav be its character in reference to the coiMitution, "it is certa'n ly, on abstract grou ds, a very harsh law, and departs much from the general character of our criminal code, winch is mildness and something like tenderness towards that unfortunate as well as criminal part of our pop

ulation, the persons coming under the pen-

mm W 1 -

as to the result, should the r rencn oe m inconsiderate as to attempt a landing. 11" savs, u Decided as we are to comport ourselves with all posinle moderation, we have well-founded hopes that nothing will hereafter occur to disturb our dome-tic or foreign tranquility; but if an erroneous and cruel policy should brins on our shores aggression and war, we entertain no fear about the re-ult of a new contest. We possess, in energy, in mind, and in physical strength, every thing that can guarantee the enjovment of our National Inde

pendence. Our laws are haseil upon 1101

declared them to be spf. and pro1,! ' ii i

their admission to the c ities of M-xin, ;tj

Bogota, from which it appears that t!,tj , are wide awake on this subject. I Spaix It is stated, has ncgoci it--d j

! loan of eight millions sterling, wnli r,r. j tain Paris bankers. Tiie cortcs l- re j not mentioned in the transaction. I; i.'i. lieved that the French arm miit nrn b

u Spain for the preservation of c rd-r" ' . . . i! a . J rPt. l : . i

ulation,the persons coming unuer u.e pen , - rp hVca I)ripript.s-upoii allies of the criminal code. As far as In .lli(v: llor ought all that

I I It . I ' - - . - - , 7 -

tractors can advance to the contrary, shake

have been able to observe, these two law

(for whipping free white persons, and transporting at-d selling as slaves fre- person of colour,) are more in conflict with pu'dic feeling and sentiment than it is common for the acts of our Legislature to be. I therefore respectfully invite the attention of the general assembly to these subjects."

liberty

our de-

bevond the time limited. The U.

is "in a horrible state of persecution, pr scription, nipi o and murder.

the

cn the 161 THIS V0

Preside? dent and V pective sts their votes. to Mr- C,c

ford oi -fie elect

seven vote

Adam?? r gident, an to Gen. Ji

PennsvWf jsrs.J and Vice Returns o Received.

The v t acco 'dains 8 JvTo certa 'fid from votes ' this be t ford wil' 'hich V both fro

5clTtfMt from variou K;it-m Puhm. Thk GRtKKS It is reported, have attacked and destroyed three frigates bv fire, and captured CO transports. But another account savs that the united Egyptian and Turkish squadrons have obtained a victory over the (i reeks, after a desperately contested battle, in which the last lost thirteen ships. The probability is, that neither of these reports istiue, though a severe engagement between the tleets was expected soon to take place. The Greeks are said to be full of confidence and courage. There is no longera doubt that they obtained a splendid victory at Samos, as has been heretofore stated. The state of adairs at Constantinople was unsettled. The grand visier had been

,1 Se held su.MM iorto particular local ! suddenly deposed, and ot ier great changes ' ' . . I . .1 . I I A I. I rPl.

irt'-r-t-duci-d

no fiv .r.i'de result can be pn-

rovements, such as those

.ib

imj

j in me ministry nan likcu piacc i nc- ', Persians were powerfully Assailing the

Turks in the east. Africa. The Rev. R. R. Gurlev, apentof the Colonization Society, has just arrived at Philadelphia from the coast of Africa. He states that the colony at Cape A, J ! . ! . . , .v! rr .irrnmc.iir.ic

i mesurauo is in riu iui iij;in -n The natives have been peaceful, and there is no danger to be apprehended from ! them. The Colony has suffered for want

of medical aid, but the deaths hav e been

c ternplat d. may bec.elit all, et in no ii stance will they atfud equal benefits to all; hence, there m i-t, in every case, be a c. crs-ion of particul ir anil sectional interests fr general accommodation1 'The report of .fudge Rates, the Engine r. and Mr. K Hv Assistant, on the fa-cihth-and ( st df construe tine; canals at the falls of the Ohio, on each side of the

river communicated to the last General !j comparatively few; ten or twelve since

A-em dey, were at the dose of their ses-j March last, and those ol ordinary disease, sio.i transmitted to the Governors of Ken-1 Those who went out from Petersburg, tuckv anal Indiana. The joint resolution under Waring, have erected houses, and of the two houses on the subject, was by i( are )0w conveniently accommodated. inadvertancy omitted at the time. On dis- Considerable land, also, has been c leared, covery of the omission, the resolution and , am the colonists, in general, have on the report were forwarded, w ith a request that ! whole, manifested, great perseverance and tie v should be laid before the legislatures industry. During the absence of Mr. of the re. pective states, and the result of. Ashmen, who went to the Cape dc Verd

their deliberations mninnii icated to us as ( Inland for his health, they moved on har

Soon as practicable. I he hope is entcrt.'i -ed, that thesr documents would reach loi ,iti time f(,r legislative nroceedii gs to

moniou4lv under the direction of Lot, Ca-

rev. Johnson, and Waring, three men of ! Cfdour. Ashmen has returned, and resum-

le h id. and communication of the result toy cd his superintendance, his health being le made in the course of the present ses-!' in a great measure restored. Mr. A. is Ho.-. The importance of this object of j; spoken of as deserving groat credit for his improvement to the interests of a large ! unwearied eiforts for the good of the colony, porti n of the inhabitants of the state will jxm ,;1S ,rcn apportioned to the setBeeur,. to it the favorable attention of the j' tcrs ;im a satisfactory system of govem-legi-lature, whenever presented in a form m(.nt established.

The country is represented by Mr. G. as

t! at will warrant its interposition, on the pri iples of assured reciprocity of interest and benefits according to the expenditures that sh.ill he made'

T! e eo'x'ioustuerit of true abilily,never gwes further than "I toy am a painter."

I well as all others, as being remarkable

for fertility. Cottec, sugar, cotton, rice, indigo, may be cultivated to great advantage. Mr. G. brought with him a specimen of indigo raised by one of the colonics ; alio a peculiar kind of cottuit,of a con-

the faith of our friend-." In India, we behold manners, customs, government, religion and law so variant from our own, that curiosity to learn more of this people becomes strongly excited, and is always amplv rewarded. With the Burmese, a" nation "with whom the English are at war, the monarch is the fountain of all honor, and for all otlices granted by

the crown, those officer and all their de-

' pendents are doomed to personal sorvnum . i Evert man in the whole kingdom is liable to be'so called unon. Princes of the blood

- i f

f state receive grants ol

i; towns cities, village?, provinces; thev are

called slaves of the King, and their vassals likewise are called slaves to them. Hence, a mandate issues from the King, commanding his slaves to assemble their slaves for common defence,in certain specified numbers, and these are supplied by the government with arms. Their famalies are all considered as hostages for the faithful

performance of their duty, and liable all to be murdered incase of treachery and desertion. Their navv consists of war boats,

hollowed out of the teakwood tree, carrying from fifty to sixty rowers, and thirty soldiers armed with muskets. They are free from that vice so predominant in India, known by the name of the casts. A ludicrous instance ot their ignorant self-

importance and inflated vanity, occured to

Captain Canning, who was at Amarapoora inio. :md who. in a conversation with

it ----- - - -

one of the Ministers, having mentioned the

! war which then desolated Europe, was

told, that "had his Burmati maiestv been

! applied to at first, in a proper manner, he ! would have sent an army and put the Eng- ' lish in possession of France." Unit Amcr.

Colombia "The Gazetta de Colombia of tin? 10th. published at Bogota, contains

the following article:

'"We have the pleasure to announce, that on the 3d of the present month, Octo

bers treaty or general conventionof peace,

amity, navigation and commerce between

the republic of Colombia and the United

States of America, was signed, on the one

oart, bv Pedro Gaul, the secretary for for

ci'n relations, and on the other, by B.

Anderson, minister plenipotentiary of the

said states. It will be submitted to the

next congress, in due time, & will we hope,

obtain its approbation, at the same, that it may bo ratified by the senate of the United States; and then will be presented

to the world the first treaty concluded be tween one of the new states of old Spanisl America, and an established nation whicl

occupies so distinguished a rank in the

commonwealth of natiors. The policy o

the Colombian government will be more

distinctly known, and wc arc sure that i will deserve the applause of a'l philosophi

ca 1 m t nd s, fo r i t s h u ma n i ty & j u s t i c e, no 1 1 ess

than for the principle ol conceding no pnvi

leges nor special favors to any power.

Krnmthi Vermont umra.

A view of the present resources nrif.

dition of the United States is here jm ed, which must be interesting to v -y

person, on account of the uaprercd i

accumulation of her wealth ai d poj dS

tion. The American gover? met t cx n

dominion over a country more exte:..:

than anv other nation on earth.

The sun is four hours in its par from the time it first shines upon the .v tern shores of Maine, until it strikes t s water of the Pacific; it is about four mo 3

in passing through the degrees ofliUt e of the United States, in. her Northeri. 4 Southern declination, embracing fix vueties of climate. The United States r n-

tain twelve hundred million acres of 1 1, of which we may calculate that oi !. teenth part of it is cultivated. Estim.:. then the improved land at ten dclUp.r acre, reckoning it at eighty million and the unimproved land, at three i I per acre, w ill am unt to the sum ot t..r a thousand three hundred and sixty nuW of dollar, which makes in the vvlol .l r the landed wealth, four thousand o;m l u id red and sixty million dollars. Ti e li e stock, consisting of cattle, horses sheep a. d hogs, will, calculating the cattle at o;e hundred and twenty million dt -liars, tc horses at one hundred millu i , and the sheep and hogs, at eighty million mon produce an aggregate of three hiiH'' million dollars; two million of buiUij'-?j make at four hundred each, eight hurdrrd

million dollars. The whole of the ex

The!

has bee i pext. nfornTi

:um

-ogent

o grai

enteiu

;is, to urde Vjust'u )Wte lnd Hi

fid

i ,iet ii Trim i 5pea ; e

Dth i iia

11-

ftho fTnifrd tiitoii nn- seventy four mi

lionof the imports seventy-seven ntuiij a tonnage, in Foreign and coasting tr one million two hundred thousand d -' The Commerce of the United States tended over the whole world, fn-m "'Jbarren coast of Labrador to New H'-,RJ; the South Sea Islands,' China, Imfi continents of Africa and Europe, frcnji i-

in the Pacific, Cape-I lorn & the W.Ir.dus. The capital invested in banks, insurances, goven ment stock,ma: ufacturcs.n canals, and loans, exceed eight hur.i.rc millions of dollars; that invested in foreign and domestic trade five hundred n" lions, which with the former eight liunji" millions, together with slaves, fu,!;lU1 and implements of husbandry, will cq the sum of two hundred millions. The produce of agriculture, tures, commerce professional hu-M'f -' bor, and revenue, makes five hundred lion, and in the whole amount ot r'ai0';'il wealth, eight thousand seven hunoreu sixty millions of dollars.

The population of the United SU w twelve millions, which, with if

tio of increase for the past, will (Uu u. twenty three years. In 1T.43, te Ju:... lation will he twenty millions. U'C. tv-six million?. In 1C0O, seventy tm "' lions. There is now to every luindn cres of land, one person; m tl u'it,i 't population amounts to seventy two

lions, merv win oe inu: -hundred, which will be just equal t

II jioulatiou of Massachuv-'tts.

liai t . IISS ( or ;.m 7ee 'f, Ju: i

(

now

tl.c