Public Leger, Volume 1, Number 33, Richmond, Wayne County, 23 October 1824 — Page 1

' o

WW o)rl Lrrl ni i r n

.VCMBEK 33.

FRIENDLY Tr 1 1 1.' r- e .

rRir.,mv j'" i LKbUITS OF MAN, FRIEMILV TO THOUGHTTO FRt'KDOM. ami, T ...'.

. -rk iiiTTjr Kiirn rvrn v c i-ritun ....

EDMUND S. DUXTOxV, Front street, opposite the Richmond Hotel,

Richmond, wayne cjr

Coivper.

OCTOBER 23, 1324.

Tin: PRICE OF THIS PAPER

7,v0 Dal! irs t" r City -two iium!)cr, to be paid in ' i.iva-K'f: Two Doli.tri and Kilty Cents if paid

wit! t'" year, or j urt-r iuu;irs, n not panl be r.ni'ie expiration of the ve.ir'. pavment in ad

vin e bvmz to the mutual interest of both parties,

Kit ni.t a h o l in Ten. u' vri! ti m taken for Ic than six month, and n pari'r tlicantinued until all arrearages are

pa!!. 4 niiure to notify a discontinuance at the expiration of the time subscribed lor, will be considered ;i ena;einent. r-i-r.li: Isilirs to the FJifr must have the postage o, they trill not be attrnded to.

TERMS OF ADVERTISING. fi'iVn lines or ?e-, for three in-ertion One Dol?,ir, :i' h continuance Twenty-five cents. Lnr;tr alvrrtis'-:nent in the same proportion.

HAYTI. (TRANSLATIOy.) To the E.htor nf he National Gazptte. a R, Since my return to this city, I have nr. i:i the National Gazette of the 21st of j;-: moi tn. an extract of a letter from a v-iron in Philadelphia.toonc of his friends ;,; y y,v York. The writer, whom I have r'-.v honour to know, makes several objeck to the emigration of your coloured r . 1 - to Ha ti. Tlie favourable reccpli mi I nK t w ith from you, on my arrival here, leads me to expect you will please to crura mv aiiswers a place in the same

Vfiiit le with the questions of .Mr. . Previoiis to dicusing the subject with him, I -h ill here present a few reflections emanating from present circumstances. Although I clearly explained myself to the free people of colour of the 17. States, in mv address to them from N. York, doubt uncertainty seem. still, to prevail respecting the oilers and promises of the lhvtion government: a sort of incertihnba;pears t counteract the noble ftY i ts o

I't'DtfiCeuce ; the religious creed- of the c.T.i-ranK t':e population of Hayti, its urr.id f'-rce, the instability of its political r if it- iuJ.'pedeace unacknowledged h Tru ce, all thi f rm a medlev of oh-

yfc'.; '.ihicli would disconcert the nu sf Y .o v-.v..ir. man, were it not that a trood 'u is It ticeomp.uiieil hy its own recini

1 I inve aid. and I repeat that religion" i iVr'ttion i ( heriiiel amoiej;it u; in thij .rti' t;Lir. 1 ;im hut the echo of our con-

?.ru:i..r. ; all ra s terminate in the t eiitre, ) t they do not all is-ue from the tame '; -i;.t .-.f the circumference of the circle: !.''it. if any reliiiiou sect siioidd dt-turh :N-!:rer;ler.orscial harmo-.v, tliero is not ' ': l .':t d oulit. hut it eccentricity would '' r. prr-red. R.diio j is the : hh -t istT ! : ! nid itioii: thev exercise their autht ri oOj'.vrtwo dilK reiit portions of tiie same

fl'.'Kaiii; ,-t- we do not acknowledge an

i-vcl 'riiiit(o.iture, the separation of the "it.- oi th. two sist'-rs. cannot imfjede

.k:

..uuiing, cu5cH enuy tll(;y uad meic .

iuu meaiiiiorsuosistence, and but few f the comforts of life. Many political cconomistp,and, amontn others, Destutt Tracy,in Europe, and Dal ml R:ivmnnn. in A m.;,,.. i '

. 7"J ' nave promuiira

VOLUME A

dpp i rent rat i nantcs iugurgitf vasto. In this respect, it is not the same with you: it is not by entering your prisons, beholding your gibbets, that a correct onin-

; lu" 1! loimeu ot vou: It is bv your institu-

your body politic. It is neither Africa no? Hayti that can ease you of your coloured populatio i. I am of this opinion ; emigration, colonization, and persecution itself are palliatives for this gangrene, (for to

you it is a gangrene) but, although we

i ' t lnc a. lit. I. r. . . a i

n.1 His rn.tr..h. .1.... r v .M.ii wuii iH-i.cii-cnctv..ai.ono can

in the ratio to to 3""?! J""f.' '"v" .is hX ',M?.r ), by Unow that wc are all subject to death al

tinpo kk.,iii u I . . ouwOV jwu manuiactones, iy an those channels nf?.uJ at, when the mea, of industry, which diffuse happiness thro' ofsubsistcnc arc combined with those !' all . our states.

cx.Mc, ce,u.e population increases with a Mr. doubts that the emigrants will astonishing rapidity. The proof of this j j 'c settled on fertile lands, is apprehensive evident jn the census of the Island of Hay they may be secluded in barren deserts, n. Letonegive a -lance only atthenonlv remote from markets, where they might cni part, where Chnstophe 'commanded dispose- of their productions, in case they at the part heretofore Spanish, ai d at tha.; should have any: whether they may reunder the eoverrinent of the immortal IV," reive sufficient succor, until they be capat. m the lirst ffiven mi trk .1! t i, 1.1 . nf.,, . n.ai' i.

cnaracten-lic o iM-ro, tIelirga!)alus,C(..mS the pleasure ofpersonalacquaintai.ee with lithe degradation, which is l.ome i..vete-riii-iiln f - .. 1 1 r. Oi i i f i - . i ........... . . t ' . -

though we be certain that it is inevitable, yet we fail not to have recourse to physicians and remedies. Why, says Mr. , are the avenues to industry closed against certain men, mere ly because their scarfskin or epidermis ara black? r Sic valuer e Pa tress. He wishes to see this class rank with

your most useful artists and mechanic?

this, perhaps, is the sole wav of r.r..v;i.-

rate amongst them; but the force of pride

and of prejudice will ever prevent the ac-

mouus, iaractil a. rlia hrn m A c, m him. n .d i.:, ... :t..i : a: .....u;.,

others, consisting ofnearlv one-sixth .ft!-5 al.vady conciliated the gratitude of the

Hland, ail(l had at best but a Cmvernmeid Coloured no,n!- I hnuM .mriVifv hia rlnnhK i: rrifiiidittr.mul- t.f tide lnrl-iKn. nr.,;.!

. .vPsac'cs; the old men, the 'nmpi , t' as insults to our government. How can it ! One of the best palliatives then is emigra

tion toour regions. H iyti,bloomingatter misfortune, beauteous by her liberty, say s

children, the Janissari-s, the S itrap. a'd he supposed, thai; a nation will invite the

were oniigcd to tod t fortifications m unfortunate to its hosom, ia order to rencasth s; which, at this day, attest a d.-,o-j der th m still more unhappy than thev tism theniiist absolute w! ereof tiistorv ca'i were before? Does not the felicity of a tarnish an example. Although this part; e(ni itry .consist in the prosperity of its inmay be as fertile as that winch ei i ,-d tlio habitants? Let Mr. peruse the i struchappiness of heim covered hv l tion, iti ! the s 1 have receiv:d from the President

contains hut 367,7 -2 1 ird;abita- .ts: the 2d of Hayti, and let him judge of others by inhabited by men w ln.se indolence is ire u- himsejf. As regards those whomav not be erally acknowledged, is much more fertile (content amoesf us, they may withdraw at than the retofthe. Maul, nevertheless it ..their own expense; for should they not has only 61, -160 hu!s: in ho c, ti e t; ir.l. , Wi ul comfort in our ereat familv, in vain

! w hich fornix tie- other sixth, contr.ins o06,- ! T:ie mav seek for it in other countries.

j j -jr asks if France will not trouble 1 1 it the claims oi Spain be extinguished. 1 7 nese two questions amount toone for us:

Ivcause, if all this matter, if we have any Uisiness, it is with France alone; and al-

I tSough every probability he in our favour, j supposing still the case to be otherwise,

we however entertain too favourable an (pirdon of the French government, to imail'vn' it would send some hundreds of thou-

! vmds of m mi to perish or rot on our plains: 1 1 i spite of all these suppositions of danger, j no one is ignorant that we have extensive J r.im rci al r. I itions with France. Asin-

Frco.-h rvort to our ;

M6sous; so tliat in the sixth part of the 1:1 i.d i.nere are actually more inhabitants than in the other ,3 together. Whence proceetls tliat cnoini us ditferencc? From

t ie trilling commerce carried on in the I ...a t:e-ni part; its non-existef:ce in the "a-t; and it- gr'at t-xtei'i in the western and Southern tpjarter-. With these cau-es are to !e cotnhined. the aui i ul'ure, and j 'rood or ..d administration. I ( a few dav j I -hall ji t - I the Reports of. Mir Secretary

! of Stale a d Mi:.i-t-r of Fi a ces to the

II U-e of Uepiese; tativt s, f,,r the 5 la-t ,i I iV i i -

(ears: tiie, uillerence will ne still m r t -

I tnkiMg,

ht..!, tie

to them, as the Carthagenian queen of old said to the Trojan Prince: Jon ignara mnli miscris succwrcre disco. If they choo?e to come .and partake of our happi: ess, the temple of hospitality is open for them. If they be more at thtip ease here, here let them remain. There is no wretchedness as long as it is unfelt. These observations are but preliminary to the proofs which will be adduced of the numerous adva tages likely to result to your people of colour from emigration to

our Island. In a short time facts will speak

for themselves, I remain, Sir, Your humMe obt. servt. GRANVILLE.

i Fh .ve indulged nm self with this kind of v admit them without difficulty, we see

epi- tie, i. older to show toat if our I-la.i.i j; them with ph'a-ure, because their manners

is not so w ell peopled a-it ught to he from its re amiable : there is a certain sy mpathy

r

" v.cre a 'ou i

to

internal i"tu-trv and it- trade from ahre ol

that does not belong to the ordinary can--e-,which render the population -tationary r retr ograde1. T resume my subject: Our p-ditical

i -tate, it is said, is vaeillntt' g ; our govern

ment not settled.w e are not acknow lodged. T sepditiral state, this govn rnment, this acknowb-d :eme:-t, are m-ro words We

! are not recognized by any potentate, yet

we keep up an intercourse with all commercial natio. s. We have broken otfall communication with the l-lands of our aichipt logo, without quitting our roun-

' trv, we li-po-e of our productions; we purj cha-e the fruit- of foreign industry, and we heboid in our ports vessels from Kngland, j from the U. State-, Germany, Swetlen ! IV. m tin- Haa-eatic towns, even from that

i aral tin ir annul li power wl.oe national pr'ule ba so lot g re-

bereme a su'decl ofn fu-ed to release us from her guardianship;

1 -ir n.irni ir y op good under-tandie-g, and en ail -ides it ought to be understood, that '.nJir!Lrf H:tl (JlC JMll i.or i- the MinisU r

- t

1 1" r.!e of T f : i ti

Ci.-riji.K r. t ,1 r,.r..., I h.-ive received

! 13ia hist, puts an end to all debate on N l ' el. Toe p. pul.ttion consists of 9,55,- ' dividual-: the National (hiard taken

' ea- population, i-, 1 lv.'o men. and irmi'd f.rre on active duty, and which

-"t ininih .-red in the census, amounts to

U hii regard to the extent of the Maud, 't ) the 'nleidit al words of Moreau

Alary, in hi- de-criptiou of tin- Span-!

punt, d at Philadelphia, in 1796. ' 4 it a re-p, ct to its extent, almost all maps !l r Irani ea Ii other, ami it is certain

-;: hv;j repre-cnt the I-Iand to he le-s

1 ' n really i-. Act ordiug to the tdi-er-nf the Count de Cha-tenet, do J 'eLnir.niade ia 17C I and 1735, it is C0 ' slor;g from east to we-t.and from (.0 rJ broad frr,!a north to south, ex lusive ''''Hiidl adjacent Islands belonging to :.irh, by a mo;!, rate cab illation., will i"v-"'tit a-ia nices of at leart dO thousand ,! !.'-r' 'tl.'! Our papulation i$ not pro-I'-'-hoi'a'jlc to this surface, because we !,,'ni under the nects-ity of su-tain-'Uv;ir of extermination a"ainst France: 1'. r I . , . 75

u. iv it :i v, I, a ; , , ; , . ,e. .....in.iic.

A '!!-li our eneitiies took care to encourage !

g as I ay in their power: moreover, tliirdioftlielslaiMUwere inhabited P"rple leading a pastoral life, w ho oncupied themselves with tillage as far inJispens ihl- for their subsidence, "'-r conimerciul iutercourfcc was net to

j -he win-, however, does not blu-h, whilst ! she borrows the dag of other nations, to i coined partake of our commercial banquet.

Now, although the writer m your paper, he of a very pacific di-position, I am going to lake him by surprise. Perhaps, sir, y ou w ill blame me for attacking those who are averse to warfare: I fight without wound ing: mv arms are caresses. He assert- that if the better sort of y our

people of colour be sent to Jlavti, me re-i-

due. in these states, will neetune -un moie indolent and diolute, 1 am nowi-o of this opinion. The edifying ronduct of the better class, has no more inlluenee over the depravity of the brutified part, than the merality'of the white Americans, has over drunkards profligates, and pilferers of the same epidermis. The side difference is, that the contempt in which you hold the rabble of colour, extends to the rest, and what is most deplorable in this matter, is, that this moral penalty has no effect upon those who are the object of it: it glides over them, and goes to exercise its corrosive quality, upon those who are entitled to your esteem: It is the innocent who suffer for the guilty. There are some whom i a i- a. ...cc fitul ni w hom vou

vou select iroiu uiu in-t.-a, - - -j

render deserved consideration: but there many?

arc

It must be rrmarkod that nce tl.c Island

. . .. - r I

Ua-n pl.tct'd under one Rovcrn.ncni, n v . . ,h(. popMlatioi, of the wot and loutb, has flocked tuwurU VL uuiUi aud east.

waieh approximates the natives of both

i countries ; a d w hen they meet in our ! t on trv with same ofourpeople who have ! i'.haled t!ie srif kc of gl-.ry in tlie ram- ! naig'-.s of Au-torlitz. M trnL'o, Lu'zen, i P ui'."'-. k.c. they call to innaT the image of the Great Man, a heavy sigli escapes, and fraternity blazes in all hearts. Rut, if

a mad ambition should snap the bonds just uniting under Mich happy auspices, then the melodious harp gives place to the shrill clarion, and. similar to an interruption tf an armistice, we break off from each other but to meet again in the field of hat lie. As to the'chimeiic project of invading our Island, it is the mo-t quixotic ever generated in a delirious imagination. Wo also can point to our Thermopylae, and our Leonidas, our Cam?rones and our Guards. We have al-o a powerful and teiriole aux

iliary, our Meridian Sun. Mr. asks if the country be not subject to commotions of a serious kind in the eastern part ? at the commencement of the junction in this quarter with the rest of the Republic, some turbulent spirits who had lost their prerogatives and privileges as .obhs, were desirous of leading the people astrav ; they were reprimanded with a mildness" which they mistook for weakness: they continued deaf to the voice of reason, then it was that power divested itself of indulgence, to arm itself with the inflexible rod of severity: justice spoke, the , . .in,.r,.w.-.wut nnrl f rrinonili t V

penuruaior ui-tie'. v, i j is permanent. The people of the east had never enjoyed such happiness as at present; for the truth of this I appeal to all wbo'have seen that country in both epochs. Mr. enquires if the emigrants, on their arrival, will not be compelled to do military duty; at critical periods we have had no need of them nor others, and with much more reason at present. Besides, the ranks of our army are filled up even beyond its complement; and the government issues more furloughs than enlistments arc made. Most assuredly, as he says, in case of an attactk from abroad,they must defend themselves as we do; the policy which in this ease prevails in other notions has nothing unreasonable in it, and we shall not hesitate to follow it. After all, says he, these colonizations are but expedients, which, do not cure the "rcat evil with which slavery has affected 9

Trcm the S iturJaj Ev nine Fost. The following letter from Abel Reed, a person who has recently gone ever to Hayti, contains convincing evidence t toe friendly disposition prevailing in thatlslai d towards the colored people of this c.ountiy. It is fram such tidings that much may be exprrtcd, ia order to eradicate the erroneous impiessions which have been put into circulation disreputable to the liberal policy of the Ilaytien Government, and vvmiclt have been so repeatedly and exnressly contradicted by its agent, Citiz Granville. Upoti our arrival here.at P rtau Prince, we were received by a Guard, who very politely conducted us to the Recorder's 01tiee. After our names &c. were taken down, we were convey ed to the house of General legeuac, to whom we were introduced. He received us with no small marks of salisfation,;o d in the most tender manner addressed us in language like thi9 k4l am happv to see, you and hope your

j change of situation w ill meet your most ' sanguine hopes and expectations. Y u may ; look upon me as your friend a: (J latter, i and 1 assure you nothi- g shall be wanting on mv part to render y our situation agrcc- ' a hie." We were then conducted to the G vernrnent house and introduced to his Excellency the President, who trok mr hai d, not as a stranger, but as a parent ! would the bands of his children fr-m a voyage. Whom he had long expected. He

! enquin d how many had arrived, when he

was told five, his reply was, 1 wih it was 5,000. We were then taken to the house ..fCitizen Granville.i droduced to his family whom we found all well. Be kind enough to inform Citizen Granville fvat we feel ourselves under a thousand obligations to him for his good advice to us, ai d that we find greater prosperity ir Hayti than we had anticipated, and wish him health and prosperity , until we salute him on the happy shores of the republic." Citiz -n Granville, who is now in this citv, has received many other testimonies of fie satisfaction which is experienced by th emigrants who have arrived at Jj-iyti. A letter from a gentleman in New-York a s: "I have two letters before me from twoof tlie five persons who lately embarked for Port au Prince, which give us the m st pleasing and encouraging accotn ts oftbeip reception by President Boyer,and the prospects before them, as to obtaining all the rational comforts of. life, as we II as the enjoyment of civil and religious liberty. Peter Williams has received a letter from John Johnson, one of the five, enclosi ig a bill of lading for '20 Spanish milled dollars, from General Ingenac, for the immediate help of his wife and children. These things speak mementuo'iseo viction tothecoloured oeonlc that your government is in good earnest."

S

7 i ii-