Public Leger, Volume 1, Number 31, Richmond, Wayne County, 9 October 1824 — Page 2

AMERICAN NOMINATION.

OJ PRESIDENT. JOHN CALDWELL CALHOUN, .FOfl VICE-PRESIDENT.

ELECTORAL TICKET. JESSE L. HOLM AX, Dearborn ccuntv, JAMES SCOTT, Clark countv, ISAAC BLACKFORD, Knox "county, CHRISR. HARRISON, Washington do. DAVID H. MAXWELL, Monroe do.

CLAY TICKET. JAMES RARIDEN, WILLIAM W. WICK, WALTER WILSON, JAMES WELSH, MOSES TABBS, MARSTON G. CLARK,

JACKSO.Y TICKET. JOHN CARR, JONATHAN M'CARTY, DAVID ROBB, SAMUEL MILROY, ELI AS MNAMEE. From the EdwardsviHe (Illinois) Spectator. Wre publish to-day the proceedings of the meeting of the citizens of St. Clair countv, friendh to the election of John Q. Adams to the Presidency, held at Belleville on the 28th ult. It is gratifying to perceive, from the names of the chairman and secretary, as well as of the committee who reported the address and resolutions, that sectional prejudice, as it respects the Presidential election, will have but very little influence in that county. Eight, out of the 12 members of the committee, with Risdon Moore, q, at their head, are emigrants from the south. Mr. Moore is an old and prominent member of our state lecislature, and w as a member of the Georuia legislative before he came hither.

Selected from various Eastern Taper3. The Paris papers announce that the peace between England and Algrers was concluded on the 23d, and the blockade raised on the 26th July. Previous to the peace, the boats of the Naiad boarded and destroyed an Algerine vessel of 1G guns, whichlay under the fortress. The troubles at Madrid turn out tobave been serious. There was nothing short of a pitched battle between a consrdefable numherof French and Spanish soldiers, in which several were killed and a great No. wounded. The French are described as

j having conducted themselves with modera- ; tion, heroism and indeed every other virtue besides the merit of fighting and vanquishing, unarmed, the Spanish soldiers, i much more numerous, and armed with their muskets. The narration, be it ob- ; served, is French. The utmost rage prci vailed against the French at Madrid; even among the Seniles. Placards denouncing death to them were posted on the walls; at the same time horrible excesses are ; committed in the provinces by the Royalist volunteers whom the French General

has resolved to ?et disbanded. Desertion

wreat many French were killed. If this conveyenct is detained a day or two, I will be able to give you some interesting particulars; at any rate my next will; till then, look on Spain as you would on a volcano, threatening by its inward thunders, an immediate eruption." Extracts from a letter n.!ilrr?e.l by the Hon. Col. L. Stanhope, servin in thu Gr k ar.uv, to John Bowring, Es . Secretary to the Lon.lon Greek Committee. The Peoplc The peasantry of Greece possess a large share of rustic virtue. They were within the sphere of Turkey's oppression, but without the sphere of her corruption. Not so with the people of the tow ns, who consequently partake of her vices. This people, but for want of instruction, are as fitted to be free as any nation on earth; and only those who pretend that "the slaves of to-day arc not qualified to be freemen to-morrow," I mean the Oligarchs who are unworthy of the blessings of liberty, because they are luxurious, corrupted, avaricious and tyrannical. I shall not dwell on the virtues of the Greek

peasantry, because they are admitted by

all men. 1 heir martial spirit is noi inferior to that of the regular soldiery, and some consider them as the stoutest and most formidable warriors in Greece.

among the new levies also prevails to an j that dominate in the Greek

Political Pfrsf.cution. The Judge of the DL-trict Court of Alabama,a Mr. Tait, probably the relative of, if not the individual himself, for whom Mr. Crawford became involved in his duel with Mr. Van Allen, has recently turned out of oflice his clerk, because he was in favour of Mr. Adams for the Presidency. We presume this is on the principle of "doing to others what you would have done to yourself,'' and having set the precedent, Mr. Crawford's friends will not object to have the practice hereafter put in operation for their benefit. A. Y. American.

(From the Wvaj Indiana Register. Gag Law. On pace 115, of the journal of the proceedings of the Senate of last session, will be found the following section of the rev ised bill relative to crime and punishment: "Sec. 42. Every person who shall make, print or publish, any slanderous or ridiculous writing, picture or sign, with a malicious or mischievous design, or intent towards government, magistrates or individuals, shall on conviction be fined not exceeding five hundred dollars.' As the above obnoxious section wa ineitcd in the revised bill, and is no where to be found in the statutes heretofore in this state, I presume that Wm. Hendricks, the revisor, will explain to the people his motives for introducing it. The bill passed through all the readings, in both houses, to the last reading in the Senate, when J. If. Thompson moved to strike it out, and the ayes and noes being called for; were a; follows: AYES. William Graham, of Jackson county. James Gregory, of Marion. Elisha I1 rrison,of Vanderburg. John Jenckes, of Vigo. Samuel Milroy, of Washington. Isaac Montgomery, of Gibson.

Frederick Sholts, of Daviess. James B. Slaughter, of Harrison John H. Thompson, of Clark. NOES. Samuel Chambers, of Orange. Daniel Grass, of Perry. Vi John Gray, of Dearborn. Lewis Johnson, of Favette. GCr J AMES RARIDEN, of Wayr z-&) James H. Rav, of Franklin. TVlilton Stapp, of Jefferson. , rhat think ou of such a law? it goes h farther than the gag law of John j! tj passed in the reign of terror.

An

Earthquake. The Florida (Ala-

v C.uvMXo. of Thursday, Ant?. 2C savs.

' -tl sens of that town and vicinity expe- - !red on the preceding Sunday morning r,en. t half past 4 o'clock, a severe shock at a )0i;al thquake it is supposed by mayto baV- B la6te1 at least a minute

extraordinary extent. They disperse by

hundreds, under an alarm that it is to send them on an expedition to South America. Among the reports current in Germany respecting the decisions of the Congress of Johannisberg, it is said that an ultimatum was to be sent to Don Pedro, Emperor-of Brazil, and in case he did not accede to the views of the European powers, troops would be embarked for the New World, with or without the consent of England.

i It was also said that a squadron would leave a port of the north to proceed toCatdiztobe at the disposal of the king of Spain. What was positive amidst all these 'conjectures was, that the relations beitween the Cabinet of St. Petersburg and ; Europe had never been more active than during the last two months, and the passage of French,Russian,Austrian,and Spanish Couriers still continued. The return of the Emperor of Russia from visiting his j military colonies is announced. He was ! preparing to review another camp of 45,000 men. I Great Britain. By an arrival at PortsS mouth, from Bombay, accounts bad been j received from that place to the 29th of March, by which it appeared that a fleet was then about to sail for Madras to emj bark a number of troops, destined to take possession of the Burmese seaports. -Jt had been found necessary to adont the most j determined measures to opp' "'he hostile j designs of the enemy. j The poor rates in England, had fallen

considerably during the last year. But they still amout to the enormous sum of 0 shillings sterling a head on the w hole population of the country. 'There is every reason to believe that a simultaneous struggle has been planned throughout Spain, and if in other quarters they have been as successful as at TarritFa. "God take good King Edward to his mercy." The Constitutionalists have been completely successful there a strong body of French marched from Cadiz to attack them, they suffered them to advance to the 2d gate, when they opened a destructive fire upon them, and routed them in every direction: the French commander is among the killed: Algesiras is crowded with the wounded French of that expedition. A boat has been sent from this garrision to TarrifTa to ascertain the state of af

fairs there, and has returned with the particulars, in every respect glorious to the Constitutional cause. Even the women took an active part against the French. We have accounts from various parts of Spain, and all combine to show that great events are following apace, but I shall repeat nothing to you but what is ofliciali Wherever the.Constitutionalists go, they; triumph completely. The struggle U dreadful; for their enemies, as they ohserve, expect little mercy. All Spain is

now in arms, and althougn the period ol revolt is mot unfortunate, (just as they w ere about sccurinXvage) they abandoned their limited crop for a nobler harvest; the cry again is uviva laconstitu-

tion, death to the r rcnciimen we are

on the rack of anxiety here and every hour brings us fresh assurance, that, in a short period, Liberty will once more wave her banner5 over Spain, and her enemies be driven beyond the Pyrenees. The proclamations issued from Tanilla, are calculated to rouse every Spaniard: a few only have reached us here but thev are sought after with such avidity,that I find it impossible to procure one to send to you. They are ingenious; not a word is said about the king; every thing is directed against the "French, the foreign foe, in every .bosom, and eating out the vitals of Spain." In the affair of Madrid5which seemed the s.;gr.al,a

character. Avarice is a prevailing vice in Greece. In a despotic government it is necessary for the slave to hold fast and bury his money. Vices are hardly vices under absolute governments. There avarice,intrigue, cunning, falsehood, servility, robberies, insurrections, and sometimes frightful murders, are the only methods of self-defence. There every tiling is confounded, and the sole measure of security is to be found in a perverse application of the principles of utility. Pluxderehs. The Turks taught the Greeks to be plunderers. Their exactions drove the cultivators shepherds into the mountains, where they lived like wolves, and became freemen, outlaws, and plunderers. The survivors grew warlike, sometimes the terrour, sometimes the allies of the Turks, and at last the asserters of Grecian freedom. Such was the origin of most of the Captains. It must not, however, be supposed . that the Captains are the only plunderers. Many of the primates po$u.Jscd power and wealth under the Ottoman rule, and they are as grasping as the soldiery. Intriguers. The Greeks, especially those of Constantinople, the Fanariots, excel in finesse, sophitrv, political intrigue,

t and crooked diplomacy. Such are the

iactics ot absolute governments. I hey nreequally necessary to avoid ruin or to attain fortune. By pursuing in this course the Greeks slid into favour w ith their masters, and were appointed Governors of Provinces, interpreters, &c. Who then can lie sui prised that the Greek slaves should select the winding path that is surrounded by splendid scenery, and which leads to the temple of luxury ? In a good caus:e intriguing politicals can never reach their goal as soon by a zigzag as a good man would by a direct course. Their fly manrenvcrs may always be foiled by a bold,

j stiait forward and persevering attack.

The Resources ot Greece arc great but unexplored. Nature has been bountiful to her, but the Turks, blinded by prejudice and heated by passion, have neglected their true interests, and have destroyed

her. wealth. Lands and liberties have been ;i

equally blasted. Agriculture is in Greece in its lowest state. Here and there the fields are well irrigated, but this h not generally the case. The best means of improving the most useful science would lie through the medium of foreign settlers; and by the establishment of an agricultural society, and branch farms for the purpose of demonstrating the fir-t principles of culture, of introducing fresh productions, such as vegetables, artificial grapes, Sec. and cf im

proving the breed of cattle, especially of ;

sheep and goats. I he vine and the olive, as also the silk-worm, require likewise particular attention. CoMMiincE. When there is but small capital, few wants, no security, little probity, and no credit, commerce must stagnate. How is this state cf things to be

! changed in Greece? Bv good government.

by education, by publicity, by the establishment and enforcement of good laws, bv great rigour towards pirates, and by the example of a scrupulous integrity on the

part of the administration in all its finan-

Exchcqner; by tbeirb?ipg'apprrTir:. , private purposes, instead often !(V: to the protection of their lands ( r try from the Turks, many parJs (,f v! :; are vearlv overrun and destroyed- .,."!' '

; tnc occasional uniaxial exactions, and item of free quarters pursued bv the tains. What are the remedies for t V

!! evils? The exposure cf the abuse aivl "

j lalai consequences. j. e acqiniti,.n f.f I power on the part of the government toe' jable them to force the Captair.s ar.d p mates to place the revenues in the rJU;.i' jcotfer?.; the enrolment of the people i t a militia, hostile equally to foreign t ' j domestic enemies; and an increased vi C iand activity on the part of the represc:?. ! tive body.

Loan. The Greeks think they but one want that of money. This??--

notion, and attended with bad conseoyerv

,ccs; because every department ol the nov lernment, all except money, is neglected. -Endeavors were made to remove this r.o- ' tion, by proving that the richest had bee'subdued by the poorest nations. Captains arc in general averse to the loan j from a dread that it would fall into i hands of their antagonists, and deprive j them of power. The rest of the Latk;; look forward to its arrivid with a feverLvj ! impatience. They thought, and with truth, ! that if well applied, it will not only secure ; their independence, but also their freedom, j When I was at Argos, measures were taken - to bring the subject under the consideration ! of the government. The sittings of the hzlislative body were resumed; measures were recommended for the appropriation of the money, and for securing the pay I ment of the interest. I will not cr.te.r ir.-

! to a detail of the measures, as thev em

brace nearly the whole field of the government. The representatives enacted some wholesome laws. They appeared exceedingly jealous of their power over the people's purse, and as careful of their moner as they proverbially arc of their own.

THE WEST.

! An extract from the Kabkaekia (linno!) Aovocr.tc.

In our western clime, where wc brcati.e the air of independence; where we are not subject to the caprice ofcu.-tom.cr tiitr restraints of dandyism, so far from degenerating, we are daily progressing in the career of all that is manly and noble. What are the vocations and amuserr.cr.ts of the inhabitants of the West? They nrc all of the manly kind. The chief employment is that of agriculture, which i. ti c most ancient and the most honorable tl-ui ever embraced the attention of man. Besides, there is something more elevated and sublime in it than can attach to nr.j other vocation. Every vear he behold? a little creation of his own: even vear he

jean gratifying the visual organ with the j view of grain-fields, orchards, and pastures

wherein horses and cattle are grazing: l e has but to stretch fcith his hand, and, afi by magic cultivation puts forth her bcic ties and enchantments. But what do his amusements consist Not in pulling on a pair of heaver i:lovet seizing a silver-headed cane ornr.n.er.lci with a profusion of tassels,and ftrutiiiison the pavement with precise and formal stepNo, he nsumcs the hunting dress of buckskin, and, with rille and dog, explores ir. recesses of the forest, or ranges the extv'. sive prairies in pursuit of the panther, tl bear, the wolf, the deer, or the turkev and when night overtakes him, he is neither alarmed nor uneasv. In a moment a blazing fire is kindled, that cheers the (crest and disperses the gloom of night; a. slice of venison is then roasted before it. and a plentiful supper is enjoyed, which is rendered delicious by a keen appetite. He then stretches himself before the fire, and reposes soundly till the morning dawns unless, perchance, he is disturbed by the howl of the roving wolf, allured by the odour of his venison, or the scream of the s; Uary panther, breaking cn "the l ight drdl ear," which is to him as mmic: he instantly grasps the deadly ride, and it is well if they do not pav dear for their un-

! mannerly visit.

A journey is pot here preceded by a lorg routine of shaking hands, tihs, tears, &c. five minutes are sufticient to prepare a journey to Santa Ft. Californa, or the Pacific Ocean. Such are the hardy inhabitants of the forest. Such are tiic children of the West.

Mr. Ni:;ian Fdwatus has been in immediate neighbourhood of tho Shanren-

j rial measures. In a word, by proving to dale Spr ings (Va.) for several weeks p;tt; j the people and the merchants how much it jj where his life had been despaired of1

is toeir interest lo oe muustiiuus and honest. Revenues. The people are not oppresed by the amount of taxes; but thev are ruined by the inani.er in whic h the Captains and the Primates .collect them; by the revenues entering the pockets of thee individuals, instead of being sent to the

I one time, in consequence of a violent svvtl-

ling wild which he had been sutiuenn tacked in the back cf his neck: but he survived it and is on the recovery.

The Charleston Board of Health re; nnrtrwl 1 . - C C . . . n.- r.i S I

the vellow fever in that citv o!i the 7th