Public Leger, Volume 1, Number 10, Richmond, Wayne County, 15 May 1824 — Page 1

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"friendly to the best pursuits cf man, FRIENDLY TO THOUGHT, TO FREEDOM, AND TO PEACE." Coieper. SUM HER RICHMOND, WAYNE COUNTY, INDIAN!, SATURDAY, MAY 15, 1824. VOLUME .

JJ.VTED AND PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY BY EDMUND S. BUXTON, ''Front street, opposite the Richmond Hotel. Tin: nun; ok niis r.uKti I Two DMl ir-s for nuv-two numb, r?, to be pai l in ! advzv.ee; Two Dollar and Fifty Cents it1 raid f vfitirn the yt ar, or Three Dollars if not paid ber f. re the expiration of the e or . pa;, n.i nt in advance b-mtothf mutual interest ul both artie-, that mode is soiiciti d. o subscription taken for 1c- thsn ix month, and i no paper discontinued until all amaro; un

paid.

failure to notify a discontinuance at the cxpira- ' tion of the time -ascribed lor, wid he cuiim.:. rt d a new enc i:a merit. ftj- il Ltt!rst the EUtr muf have the postage TFRMS OF Al FRT!5INO. fifteen lines or Ie?s for three irwrtionOne Doljar ca n continuance Twenty-live tent-. Larger advertisements in the same proportion.

AGRICULTURAL.

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Let iis cultivate the trround, that the poor, as I ti: r. -h, may h tilled; and ha, ; iaes and . .--tahl.-h d throughout our bini r-."

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i,u) tKf .Nov Lnjar.': F arrcer.) SOWING GI ASS SEEDS. A itv of opinion t-xisls rej-pectinc th'- rim;t cliiiiWc time in the vear fur ovi? m 1 iu-r and other Lrras eed. Sume

pia icr ti.f i ill. hut the majority of those;! - v. ;,-' huo written on the buhjec t . r-c;m- ! xr.f..u .M-wir Lr in the pri!l:; and the latn r xn- ihitj. N. fir a our acquaintance extend?, i thfiii -t t-iier:d!v nractbed. Emeij'ean j! riter? !i;e t. even v hen Lrra?? ?eed i? ou - jj c-d ".'i the sin.e Ld'ciind '.villi winter trrainji t miH' the tri;..-. d in the spriiiL'. and hai - ,

r.v it in. 'i '!f s tv th .t the h;ii'i')vii)0 Wiih i die w h- 'i-. heel -erv i e to the irraiti. th ujh a few of th" plant- ma) he turn up

t'V l;.e pl'i-C 'ldie lien. i,i , v I I 1

tet likewise ?)Vr, halToW oil' winter! j.Tain in the ? p r i i . in the dire fnn el the ;, s-ed fun-AV, or di ;!'-. and he i.ot alVaid ot '!; i-tur!ii a few plant-: ntatiif' Id produce -"w ill reinu:;t rate fr the d--tr e:i.'' j The f inner- A.--i?tar.t sa-, Clover' :n'iy he sown with harlev. oat-, ej- -piir ifj i;aat, Tvi.cn t': at aidiii'i- rai-ed; r it ', rn':v he : w if h v. if ei heat in I hi iali. ; i. t:n land ! !:v. a. d w a:;r)v epo-e: ; cr in t:.e spri.-.r, tvo-; it -i.e-,t-I he lil.tlv ;

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l--r:r;,cl p.nia r; that x ; :v-n ed r Lrmei -ue'.erahy pr. f r - ; . ire.-t 1. a -r w ith i! v. :.eat ratr.er than a i i .r oat- a- in d I I; seasons the ' r i': ;ue.lv rp wa r tl.e ..ats cr r ".ilty.ar.d it it he a,wn late ir. j' c:dei to ohvi ite thi- evil, i: often fail-, ai d !

t:.e err p i.- io-t for t? at sr.x.n. Ihohahiv dersity rd v.pjnir.n with n-i-pcrt to th.- prup,4r tine- fc.-iwii ( lover ed, rnav aii-e

In in the (iaferenre in the nature "of the F.aii on whi h trial- liave heen made. An exp-riej.ced ariculturi-t (lalward Luf-jl & !'h K-q. of Philadelphia countv.) a!-ure- ; L'r. Mea-e that he reneatedlv failed in oh-' l:'n,i"- a 'Top w hen he -owed hi- clover in (j ;i,J''naa or winter; and la-i- uniformlvij - ' -nil wlo-n he ?ows in the spring. -t L i, a hirht Ioarn. p J ne rf(,)h why clover sown in autumn I1 1) :"fl tf'dl i., prohahly thi. Tiie- otmtrf p':d-, whirli raiiuMip'in the fall, cannoti L' Tthe tro-t -o wa 11 thon- w h'n h have h ei a tvliolo summer tohrint: them near to i n:;t'Jritv. ! I here i, liPowivp a rzreat ditfi rence of. J"! inn u a5 regard- the quantiu of -rod loH I sown when land i- to he laid d,,wn toi rr'4'w' Sir John Sira laii -a - it i- a on at ern,r lh ' i!"' down land to tria--, to -on j a:i iLMJ''i' i.t quantitv of small seed,. ' P-i'Tal, TJor !! lh?."ol rhAeii-tiio ,j-ual!

averari. rdlowai:co. Rut that quantil , it Y ";';! nded, ought cre.atlv to la- in reae'T rir ,! in t;':V ra- louhle(l. in cVer31 i:.-tar.res J..,Ijrj jas , i , ,

t H p'.U' ds of red Clover, tor. of while, aod !

v ita Toe adfiition of thrc,- pe, k? of r- ! pra- per statute acre, and the heihapeij ?1V V'! n,0rt -''Undant.' Thi, tv. ii. to !! connnntnedcannealn a lv laid .iown re -ii

. ; a ,4' fl .'lo'.v.anc' ot seed, when L: dis hid down to -no s more oj.eriaih 1 ary K-r.-th eftim-. The plants

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The Fanner's 31anual directs to eow red clover, on land designed for tillage, separately without herd's grass timothy or other mixture, four or five quarts to the acre. The Farmer's assistant tells us that "the quantity cf red clover seed to he sown to the acre is ahout 11 lbs. and none hut clean seed ought to he sown." The "Memoirs of the Board of Agriculture of the state of New York," vol. ii. in giving an aceount of the Methods of Culture ad.Tted hv the farmers of Ransselaer, in that Slate, ohserve that k,thc red clover, (trifuliuni pratinst) and the timothy grass (fhitvm pri.temc.) are mixed in different propei t ions, and soved in the spring season. hentln are sow ed on w inter grain, most farmers prefer sowing them on a light snow which may happen to fall towards the latter part oi March or the 1st of April; or in damp, calm, misty weather, if no suitahle snows fall. If they are to he sowed on spring-sou ed crops, the most approved season is, while the soil is jet loose, before anv rain has fallen. "Farmers diderin opinion in regard to the mo-t suitable quantity of seed. b. Germond, II. W'oithington, C. Forter, C R. Colden, and some others, say that eight quarts of the mixture of cloer and tinier thv seed should be sowed on every acre. And Col. J. Carpenter sow s, s;xteen quarts on an ai re. He says when the grass arid clover grow verv thick, it will he more tender feed, and more line hay, and that it will not run out so soon. Rut J. Phillips, Ci. Eddy, and many others, consider 4 quarts as sufficient. UA11 agree that the proportions of the mixture of the seed should be governed by the nature of the foil. That in a sandy soil three-fourths of the seed should believer in tlav it should be equal parts in clay soil but or.c fourth clover seed. "There should he at least a bu-hel of pla-ter so-wei on everv acre of cloer and i;ra-s land of n sandy, cradly, or loam -il. A l-o, en all upland natural mead w - . Two hu-io 1- pel a. re are much better tnan one on sandy or raell) soil. Pav-oii Williams l.-q. of Fitclihurgh, Mass. who received a premium Iron, the M is.-.'h Iiusett? Agricultural bo it ty for the l'i a'e.f (uarititv of spriiii: wheat, rai.-ed 1 i in' in the summer of in giving a ih -, i ; y, ioi of th1 rrp'de of ( ulturt', by hint a-! ..p, ,1, ,,,vt, "the qU't' titv of irasS Seed u--d iv me i- never b-ss than 12 pounds ( ! v. r.a-d f:ne peck of herd's trravs t imo thv to the acre1. Here permit me t oh--ere that innumeraide are the instances in thi- countrv, wd.ere the farmer fails in his t'ra-- ( ti p, by not allowinc: seed enou-h; and what i worse, the little he does give with a sparine hand i- sulh red to take its chance under that pest of agriculture called the ha-h-harrow, w Inch not only dra-j -fer es and other ho.-e matters into heaps, hut haves the M-i! dead ai-d heavy, and dues md cover the seed deep enough to strive with our July drought ffectually.' Col. alejitira'. President of the Society of Middlesex Hu-la!almen and Manufacturers, sowed with hi premium crop of spring wheat, raided the la-t season, 2 pounds ol ( ber and half a bushel of herd's grass seed. We have, however, been verball v assured by very correct and scientific agricultural-, that o Or 7 pounds of clover seed, wahore the ground is highly manured, is q title -uffuient; .and that by exceeding that quantity the plants so shade and stifle each other that there is little substance in the hay made from them. No doubt much depends on the quality and richness of the soil. The poorer the soil the greater quantity of gras- seed should he sown. Clover seed of a bright yellow, with a good quantity of the purple and brown . colored eed among it (which shows the maturity of the seed) should be preferred.

appearance. 11c also condemns the practice of some farmers wlio neglect to trim their orchards when the trees are young and thriving; the consequence of w hich is where the orchard is set in fertile land, that the trees send out tw ice the number of branches that the root is able to support in old age; and limbs taken olf in old age, injure the tree much more than if amputated when the tree is young and vigorous.

A correspondent of the American Farmer, recommends salt, as a mean of preventing Botts in Horses, and says, "this practice I have followed on my farm for twenty years, and I never saw one of my Horses atllicted with Botts 1 am also a considerable breeder.''

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PRUNING FRUIT TREES. A writer in the Vermont Republican, on the irood fea ts of pruning fruit trees, remarks that from the observation of 20 or thirty years, he is satisfied that the method heretofore practised of pruning in March and April is injurious, particularly to young tree-. The stumps of limbs amputated in March, soon become dry, and ciack open; and before the new growth can heal over the wound, the stump will rot, w hich defection will soon penetrate to the heart of the tree, and cause its death. This writer third:-June the proper season, when the tree full of sap. The wound will then La jn heal, and the tree assume a healthy

SENATE. Friday April 16. A communication was received from the delegation of the Cherok( e nation, at present at the seat of government, relative to the late message of the president tocongress.on the Indian titles to

lands in the state of Georgia, and animadverting on the paper presented to the president of the U. S. by the Georgia delegation in congress. The communication beinc read, Mr. Elliott said he objected to a contest ol this character, in this place, with the Cherokee delegation.- He knew them only as other Indians, and to be treated with a- such. It thev claim t represent an independent nation, why da thev address this body diretlv,and not through the department of -tale? But, if they -eek to be heard in their real character, they should present their claim- to our consideration, through the war department. The course now attempted, is novel and inadmissible, and he h ped the communication would lie on the table. It was then ordered to lie on the table. The bill "in addition to the act relative to the election ol' a president and vice president id" the U. State-,"1 was further di-cu-sed, and parsed to be engrossed ' a third reading. A number ot private or Ioc.il hills were passed, and sent to the other hou-e fir concurrence. April llh Mr. Taloi, of Va. submitted the following resolution, with a request that it might be forthwith taken into consideration; as it related to a communication from the president of the U. State-, in re lation to a claim of the state oi Virginia, and he wished all the documents printed together. i"jo? f i, That the j reM dert of the U. State ber qu bted t o inform th if n ate, wh th r th"4 xrc.titiv , through the ntnrj ot the war department, borrowed any money, during the t war, und r the condition of apnh in,' the hdii.t: to the dad nee e t the state wherein the aid loan re made, and to v hat amount, and whether interest w a pant by the U . for such loan orifthe sustained an lo- b civing stock or trr.nury note f r them; including any dhfr intormition in relation to the subject which hernay think proper to communicate. The resolution was taken into consideration by general coQSent.and it was agreed to. The bill - to amend the several acts imposing duties nn imports,'' was received from the house of representative, and read. Mr. Dirkcrson moved for the second reading ot" the bill, at the present time. This was objected to by several members, consequently, the- second reading cannot take dace until to-morrow. Many petitions were presented praying the imposition of a duty on sales at auction. Much time was spent in considering a resolution naming the time for the adjournment of congress. It wa-, at last, fixed on the lath of May. The house has yet to at t on it. The bill 4,in addition to the acts relative to tin election of president and vice president of the U. States.7 was read a third time, passed, and sent to the house for concurrence. Executive business occupied the rest of the day. April 20. The bill from the other house "to amend the several acts for imposing duties on imports,' was taken up for a 2d reading. Mr. Branch, after a few remarks, expressing his opinion that thi' present w as a proper time to try whether or not the senate w as w illing to take this into consideration at all, moved that it should he indefinitely postponed. This motion gave rise to some cursory remarks upon the point of order. The chair decided that,as the senate had already passed the bill to a second reading, the motion of the honorable member from North-Carolina was not in order until that reading had taken place. The bill w as then read. Mr. Floyd, of Md. now moved that it should he referred to the committee on finance, to ascer

tain the effect of the bill on the revenue &c. Considerable debate followed. The reference Was not agreed to. Yeas 22; Nays 23. On motion of Mr, Dickerson, the bill was then referred to the commitee on commerce and manufactures. A good deal of other business was attended to which will be noticed in the subsequent proceedings. April 21. Mr. Dickerson, on behalf of the committee on commerce and manufactures, to whom was referred the bill "to amend the several acts for imposing duties on imports,' requested permission for the committee to sit upon that subject during

the session of the senate. Mr. Low rie opposed the motion. Leave was refused.

Certain motions ahout joining the committee of finance to the committee on manufactures and commerce, to cfcton th taiiff bill, were considered, and rejected or w ithdrawn. A bill concerning invalid pensioners, and for the relief of col Win. Luane were passed, and sent to the other house. The bill to provide for making surves of roads and canals, was discusse 1. The speakers were Messrs. Benton, Brown and Holmes, Main. April 22. The whole day was occupied with the bill from the house, relative to surveys for roads and canals. A motion to strike out the original bill was negatived, by receiving an equal vote 21 to 21 ! and even a motion to adjourn was carried by the casting vote of the chair; the president not being in the senate. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Friday. Anril 16. The Speaker laid bc-

! fore the house a memorial of John Rosst

George Lowery, major Ridge and Lujan , Hicks, delegates from the Cherokee nation j of Indian!, representing the unwillingness ! of the Cherokees to abandon the territory i upon w hich thev reside, declaring their dtermination to pursue, peaceably, agriot

ttire. in uaiiaetures,aud the mechanic ar and praying that the general governmt will protect their rights; which was e. ivt d and ordered to be printed. 'I ' Speaker also laid before the house a un i s -i i.' l -hroed h Thomas Law , Waber J oi . -and Elias B. Caldwell, a committee . pointed at apublie meeting bythe lit 2 of Washington, praying the attet tint congress to the pecuniary embarrassment of the country, and the establishment of a national paper currency, as best calculated to remedy the eil; which was. on motion of Mr. Trimble, referred to the committee of wav- and means, and onh red to be printed. The report of the committee of way, and means, on the claim oi P. P. Tompkins which, on motion of Mr. Cocke, was laid on the table a day or t wo ago," as taken up. Mr. C. then moved to recommit the report to the committee of ways and means, with instructions to repoit a bill. This motion he grounded on the fact that, to agree to the report of the committee would onlv leave the matter where it was before. He proceeded to examine.in detail, the report of the committee, in part of w hich he said he cordially acquie-. ed heini: w illingto make every ju-t. and even liberal allow ance to this individual, and in other particulars of w hich he w as of opinion the government was not bound to make to governor Tompkins any indemnifu atioii whatever. He specified the soil id allowances w Inch he was disposed to make, a; d those to which he objected. He coi a luden his observations by moving the instructions to the committe of way s and means, to report a biU, viz: " 1st. To authorize; an allowance of interest on all moneys advanced by P. P. Tompkins on aeooount of the U. S. from the time of making the advances until its re-pay ment. 2d. To provide indemnity for actual losses siM .ined by him in consequence of the U. S. failing to furnish him with money and treasury notes, within the time stipulated, and on account of which failure, the losses were sustained." After the question was taken on .Mr. Cocke's motion, and decided in (he negative by a large majority. -And the question wlu then on the report of the committee of ways and means, referring the subject hack to the final decision of the president, and decided in the affirmati ef. without a division. The house then resumed the consideration of the Bill ior the revision of the several acts laying duties upon imports the question being on Mr. Randolph's motion for the inth fu ite postponement of the bill. Mr. M'Pufbe, of b. Carolina, in a speech of something more than two hours, delivered his sentiments in decided hostility to the principles ot tin.