The Prairie Chieftain, Volume 2, Number 25, Monticello, White County, 1 January 1852 — Page 1

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Of 'IS " 8 OLD C'OCRT llO'Cl.'S.iiilll S'iElSK'l . In a4anee. per annum, la three m. :;. wis, In sit ntiuiM, 81 5 3 ; 3 (h) ,tt!erx :r Knofl' e TUf, A f '.. ire .- or . a i .'i a-e at t he expl etivn o ti ;..e i' . .i ijs , v fs el'. it rd a r.ew enseal kt. ?t'v ler1 s off .. ertt-iii;. p,tR a,re 'or 2"0 tn, if r ". th fe Iniartions, $lt t or eu i . .'OPl if' ' . One eo'utnn, one year, renewal. :e, ; 4 y iUir column. SSto fenartar column, 15 0 Advancement not mirks..! on the copy for eneaifioA "nuinher of inaertiune, wiil b continued, until ordered -at, sod payment iaci4 aaeordinc! y Tbe prl'i5f yearly a.drer..ers will be confined . tiwir rc'r buine. Alllejalaavcrtiaeineniainu'it l,e accompanied by the fH r , - - ' """ T " t u J v. J . . . - . oif, in considered wwtiing to eouuna toarilaenat.on. - , . 2. If subscriber! order Oidr psrers d -f oiitruM, I no l'"!ir ip y continue to send tfiemi u! ail er.nrr are riJ. 3 lia rVrira' to take trelr Jajre jTrem the oifire or place to which tney are aent, they are hi t rsi u i.:e e r..Il J e I'.ciU;- Li..a.ul l.'CM..i e l ic i . remove to other r-1 : without In forming; the Publisher, and the paper la aent t theformer direction, they are held r-iniiie. 5. The eonrta have decider that refuring to take n pa yor or rienoihcal from theoiiice.or removin? aim leaving riStttlo;! far, is prima fc?a evidence of i:;lsi:t:onal fra:id. PRAIRIE CHIEFTAIN THURSDAY, JANUARY 1, Uh2. II ALP SHEET. Owir. t to an accident which occurred in our o3ce last week, (pi-ing a form.) and the abenoa of a hand, we sre unable to issue but halt a sheet this week. RELIGIOUS. A revival of Hellion has been in progress at the M. E. Church in tnie place for ceveral days. A good number have united vrhh th Church, and upwards oil twenty hava expressed au experience of HelisioaVive Is Church. SUPPER. Th Euppet .t t'.s lcr .': (Mrs. Johnson .) 'e s.r.Jwsll ikUcndcl, be v, th J j. r J . ( in an 'excellent slle. '"r x lAa U of ocialilijy trz: t t:'.'i ell Colilion Party. : Sonsa of-our young people took it into their beads to 'trip k on the light, Fantas tic toe on Njw Year's night, and accord': ingly, tt the proper hour, a lare number iwicsiibied it the Majision House, 'where the necessary preparations had fceea made in the best style, (a everybody whn is acquainted with the Landlord and 'lady, knows would be.) Shortly &fl?r the dance had commenced, f called 8 t'.s rDor.i 1) fi-j 'jpoa t!.3 ,;cr.e, c.;,J wera del".0'.:i.l id i'.r.: ihs t.'ic.l prr ,ct order i. d od Lei -7, tthlch al !. :'.'i t y-t'.:.ri .lers &.:d .r':' , lz:s in th? ""-ci.-ct evinced and l. . j tha Cat, te r.f.ict 1 s' ii.8 rj 1 ; vo h.rctc'ura t- .1 2 p-Sr-l to i .h tl.h05. a ) 1 Or M'iOJ t , . .. t rrc.. rt, v or tc i ;i fcr..l ! i .1 i , i . i gi... .. ti , ; i I Lj,rh,&riJ f n. , j tl. . i u.afi r L.x-i-e. s ia K.ll c :."- e, v ". . t j.y. 1 :u;.1 .1 , : t J 1". it 1 3 1 . ; .uilaitlh ul- . I t - -" " . cei 1 i ; 3 1. . i . , .1 t!.. - i ' it. 1n li . c f ' I '.a t - a l'.: m. J 1 I .r t s S3 I r.. .1 cr d v 3 h:.s .y 1 ' I h ' 5 i 11 .4 t c 1 c .2 . ji t Cv ' . i s ii'y ; - ! "1 . c, a. 1 i .1 , : 1 . -Ort tue rce. I tl - 1 s r . 1. 1 1

C rc at. nu:: 1 3ra of lives, xd v;.t air.urii-: cf rrcparty are annually lost for want of safe tad. coayenieDt harbors on the .zh. Nc-e Lut' those .who have exposed to that dangerous navigation can fully appreciate the importance of this subject. The whcla North-west appeals to you for relief, End 1 trust their appeals will receive due consideration at your hands. The same -is, ia a measure true in re

gard to sorns other harbors and inlets of the sea-coast. Tho unobstructed navigation oi cur large tirers is of equal importance. Our settlements ere- now extended to the sources of the great rivers, r. hi :h empty into and form a part cj the ILsissippi, and the value of the public lands in those regions would be greatly enhanced by freeing the navigation ci the 1 9 waters from obstructions. In view therefore, of this great interest, I deem it ray duty to urge upon Congress to make such expropriations aa they may derm necessary. The survey cf the Delta of the Mississippi; with a view to the prevention oF the overflows that have proved so disastrous to that region of country, have been nearly 'completed, esd thereports thereof are now m course ci preparation, and will shortly be laid before you. Tho protection oi our south-western frontier, and of the adjacent Mexican States Egainst the Indian tribes within our bordersjhas claimed my earnest and constant attention. Congress having failed it the last session to' adopt my recomraetxndation that an additional regiment of mounted men, specially adapted to that seryi.ee, should be raised, all that remained to be done was to make the best use of the means Et my disposal. Ac-dr-Irgly all the troops, adapted to that at could properly be spared from c .'..: r quarters have been concentrated on that Cor.tlsr, nnd oGcers of high reputation selected to command them. A' now arrangement of the military posts has, also, been made, weereby 'the troops are brought nearer to tbe Mexican frontier, and to the tribes they are intend ed to overawe. Sufficient time has not yet elapsed jto realie all the benefits that are expected to result from these arrange ments. Hut I have every reason to hope that they 'will effectually check their marauding expeditions. The nature cf the country, which furnishes little for the sup-p-nt cf s. '-:..y,i,nd abouudhtg i.i rlaccs cf re'jja and cor.ccah.cnt, u rcmuhatly "t til 1. -t.: J to ihis c rs -'.cry warfare, and we can scarcely hope that eny Ury f..rce combined ith t'te greet'; at vigilance can entirely suppress it. Pv l' 9 treaty cf Gus.Ialr-3 Uida' -o ' . r L ..1 to ;:.t;;t '..3 .-;:''try c! j i t . .j incurs. j:.a c f t.:3 savs '9 fr.h 1 :' 1 our bor .er, v. i .h e ;u ii u.h'ge.,c- and tzieigy as if t!:o si.ne wera .3 "u:".u,i c :r tnr.tory or :y;.t oxr t'tii.t s. I j ..Ica rrcd So c::ip "11 t , , , Ei i..r r i : . s.., :.a 1.. ..i proviso 1 ci , tr-'c.'.y. Crleishave bes n r ! u" .1 3 t.l.ui ccmrra. J.rg cn t' at f , . .tir ! co-.;i i : :: ; ?!;iirn i.ri.t ry :.d i... 1 .' bi 3 ; "y ' "i c : ( 1 t ..."- tliJtj r' iir - . .': 1, l:.! - i .L- ..'. ir j lir -, j nd r .ir. ..ts'n.'iai'.?' t . t' j r " r t c. i :j c' , t. I. .1 . 3 1 - a!- - 1 - t . . 1 13 J , ; 1 .. .. C ' . : t" J t. .'. 1 ",'. t... .'..J l' ... 1 f r . " " :i t f i 1 n to 1

th.an diminish the evil, 83 tV 3 Ir.di-wS t. Ill natural" y turn towards the ccjrtry where they encounter the least rcs;.Unce. Yet these troops era neci:.;ry io;J.d.3 them, gnd to compel them to m:ho i.nd observe treaties. Until this shall hava been done neither country will enjoy any security from their attacks- The Indiana in California, who had previously appeared of a peaceable character, and disposed to cultivate the friendship of the whites, have recently committed several acts cf hostility. As a large portion of tha reinforcemens sent to the Mexican frontiers were drawn from the Pacific, the military, force now stationed there, is considered entirely inadequate to its defence. It cannot be in

creased, however, without an increase of the army, and I again recommend that measure as indispensable to the protection of the Frontier. I invite your attention to the suggestions on this subject and'othersconneted with his department, in the Eeport oT the Secretary cf War. Tha appropriations for tne support of the army during tha current fiscal year ending tha 30th June next, were reduced far1 belew the estimate submitted by tha Department. The consequence of this reduction is a considerable deficiency, 'to which I invite your early attention. The expenditures of that Department For the year ending 30th June last.were 9,060,98 8. The estimate for the year commencinS 1st July next, and ending June 30, 1853, are 67,898,775 83, showing a reduction of 81,161,492 75. The Board of Commissioners to whom the management of the affairs oFtho Military Asylum created by the act of the 3d of March last.was entrusted, have selected a site for)he establishment of an Asylum in the vicinity of this city, which has been approved by me, 'subject to the pro duction of a satisfactory title, Tha report of the Secretary of the Navy will exhibit the condition cf the public service under the supervision ci that Department. O.U naval 'vessels afloat, du ring the present year, has been actively and usefully employed in giving protection to our widefy extended and increasing commerce and interests in the vari ous quarters of the globe, fend our flag lias everywhere afforded tha security and received the respect inspired bjTdie justice and liberality of our intercourse, and the dignity and power cf the nation. The expedition commanded by Lieut. Dillavcn.dcsp; z'.-l in 1. . : h cf ti Cuiih Germander, Lir J.hn Fr-nhl n, and Lis ecrr sr ' , :. . , in tha Aict'u se m, returned to New York in the month of Cvj.Lr, ett.r h.t L. j undt-ens- great perils tnd f c i c r 1 irkrimri ana eic-.s i.av "-.i.a in t.. 3 rc " :e n s cf . nort!i rn cihr.a!.', v In. jut iry tulle uet-ry ir. rm: '.:cn 01 t ? c ,eet ci t. e search, but wi.'i 1 ew vo. ':X l . s to t.iilcs end r.a "j" '.' -ih, 1 i u: f - tv 11 t.d polar rtgioi s. Te t. 1 r cf tb , evr li;i.r , La , Ir g L.en ail cj - leers i r this service s.r.d hairj so c-o-dui jd It ts t3 it.ct t -the! tntl.e drrruuii n 1 t'..j p ."rir.t, It is i. -jeeted . 3 . .1 : . t c r , i . e tr.j '..... . t.. 1 e .elt. -.en 3 be c wt.r. de. 1 to t. v .n that W2ic m de to i s u.l.:s ...d in.n o II ' r ". ; Ia i 1 :".:! t3 ',' . L . . 'i . I . . .. .. hy set. tl l 1 i l ' ' r . 1 v ' 1 ta s "f tV ' re-e ... - t 1 tj i.i ( h . . -:: ;t.t i b , 1 it, I , i i e . . e n I . 1

ar.d t!. : cc.t cf tr -.1: "Jon 03,421,7 '.t. Th; I -.!icf th3 L.J-anU rte'. is estlmitei - 1 C,3 if) mi'ssjtr.J the tr.r.Ucd

tranepOi'. The t . 472,1 87, the To .t 023,253 i ercc-n ct GIG.CCo r-.iles. cf f - -crvice is v!,- . ' 7 13 paid by L t art. ..i.f, and 0 1 ,- " rowh the Navy Departrnent. Th8 t-- -1 ir mspcrtatnen within .3 United (c.vw'.d. g the Service in California and Oregon, which is now, for tha first time, reported and embraced in the tabular statements cfthe Department) exceeds that cf the preceding year 6,102,855 miles, at an increased cost of 8547,110. . The whole cumber of post offices m the United States, on the 30th day of June laat.was 19,796. There were 1,693 post offices established, and 253 discontinued during the year. The gross revenues of tho department for the fiscal year, including the appropriations for the franked matter of congress, of the Departments, and officers of Government, and excluding the foreign postages, collected for any payable to the British post office, amounted to 6,727,808,78. The expenditures -for the same period excluding 20,5.99 49, paid under an award of the .Auditor, in pursuance oF a resolution oF the last Congress, for mail service on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers in 1832 and '33, and the amount paid to the British post offics for foreign postages, collected for and payable to that office) amounted to 8.6,024,566 79; leaving a balance of revenue over the proper ex penditures of the year-of v703,2S9 99. The receipts for postages during the year (excluding the foreign postages col lected for any payable to the British post fSce,) amounted ta 6,g45,747 21, being an increase of 307,016 79 er 18,64 100 per cent, over tha like receipts for the preceding year. The reduction cf postage, under the act cf March last,did"not take effect until, the commencement of the present fiscal year. The accounts for the first quarter, under the- operation ct the reduced rates, will not be settled before January nexjjand no reliatid estiraata of the receipts for the present year can yet be made. It is believed, however.that they will fall far short .of those of the last year. The surplus o! tho revenues now on hand is however so large that no futther appropriation rc .1 the Treasury m aid cf the revenues of ihe Department is required Lr he curr..,t f.ical year; but an add! I. nal a; j ropri .:i;n For the year cnd'rg Jir.s 30, 16 53, v.i'.l probably be fjitnd nece'ssary v. '- i tha receipts cf the f.rst two q matters cf ihji fiscal year are f-lly ae retained. In his l-.st cr.r.1:;! re; :it,t. A f".,--ter General recommended a reduction cf p. - . to rates uhh-h ha ue;....i r.s lo.v ascend l- pral:r.t!y ad. - .,d, ur.I:3 Ce: rcss was prepared t j . pprc priat ffcra the Treasuy for the support of the V, e: t a wi r.u -l th: 1 1. iwhi.t t the m ail e. ie 3 e , f rt..e i by it f.r got r rn.--.: t. x. . d. 'e:. c! l' V.. :r vH . . et: 1 hi rc, ccl t; itt'.er pD'.t.e, excert en L tiers .3 t,.d to C " i .h i r I i e .. 1 Or: e;., v c e . i hstenIc 1 1: d ly I ha l..-t Cc : : e . lie 1: x r:c-. . t;,i E.ler re. th .rt." ee to t 3 pr. j : 1 .ItrLs i i I t a I . rei L 1' ; r:i - r. . j c f 1 3 1 .1 t.. ".. . 3 1 3 ' . 5 . . . 1 . p si " i 1 t t ; i 1 . . ... I : . 1

t'' it th . - 3 i j n j cc:.ir-.: .1 le. cf tha

1 C .-1.-3 Id - the cc... ets of t 1 n, it is ; . .er.t th t th.t L ...i ihuL.ld ba it 1 crfct uf ee: uu;.i.' j every r e-.. er i;er.c 1 ta hz , forred, every crime intended to be n" punishablo; End prescribing tha pu ment to be icfhelsd. In addition to some particular c spoken oi more at lengt.i, t:;e iranil cole is ."hraeiitiblj de.' So'Vie c Hence &a w.. pcrfec.il j k.t and ethers- are" entirely omitted, so thet flagrant cimes may ba committed ::'. impunity. The scale cf punishment is not in all cases graduated according to the degree and nature cf the offence-, and is often rendered more unequal by the different mode of -imprisonment or penitentiary confinement in the different States. Many laws cf a permanent character have been introduced into the appropriation bills, and it is often difficult to determine whether a particulor clausa expires with the temporary act of which it is a part or continues in force. It has also frequently happened that enactments and provisions of law have been introduced into bills with the title or general subject of which they have little or no-connec tion, or relation. In this mode of legisla tion so many enactments have been heap ed oa each other, and often with but lit tle consideration, that in many instances it is difficult to search out and determine v hat is the Jaw. The government oF tha United States is emphatically a govern ment oF written laws. The statutes should therefore, as far as practicable, not only ba made accessible to all, but be express ed in language so plain and simple as to be understood by all, and arranged In such method as to give perspicuity to ev ery subject.' ' . Many of the gtate hav revised their public acta vitt great aad maniFest benefit, and I recommend that provision be made by law For .'tha appointment cf a commissioner to revise the Public Stat utes of the United States, arranging them in order, supplying'defieier.cieat, correcting incongruities, simplifying their language, and reporting them to Congress for .its action. ' ' ; An act ot Cocgress approved 30th of September, 1850, contained a provision for the extension of the Ctpitol according to such plan as might be approved by the President, and appropriated $ 100,000 to be expended under nia direction, by uc!i crehluct es 1,3 shceld ppchet to execute ihe s.n. On cs-i ir.ir.gtha varieus plane uhleh 1 evi-e lsn t-b.-htel by ohferent ereu!:ects, ir p e.isue-nc-3 cf an a.L-ert.e..-.cnt of a commh.ee cf iho Cnate, no cr.3 was fe'eni to ba entirely s tlefb ..ery, a: 1 it v.: j, t'.e:e':re, de :med ad ieLl3 to comllno er. 1 1 r p t the adt ges cf icterel. T. - g". et c. ject li I r. ece -'he'e.ei t - ; te t...'.3 J t vh an addition lj we "I ..hr.l c.:; le" a..d ccnvci.'.r.t IL.fi f.r 1' d ;llbers.tier 3 o the t.vo lie :3 tf C.. - t;5, 5 I.'; dent acce. -r..d.,r.s F.r re, 1 j '.3 r; :.. .:..'.s f ri 3 ce. -. : :s Enl c feees cf the U 0 Lr. -h.e cf f e L- ".1 It wti r.1.0 d. :.-:'.' 3 1 t to i - r th3 1 :. s.. .;t . 1 . a Cf - - : ' - 1 Vf I t e. dt ) 1 . - f -J i .f j pre. 1 It by c ..il-n ty I .. :ti.:: f ri I.i". I e ihs 1 1 Le V ... 1

3 less Js-a-.1. ns c: .I;n t - tj if. - , - -' th's t". .' -t r ; :'. . C. tc-.ici cf C. mei. ., to r.' " c - . . . - i . t . 3 T c . e 1" 13 to ti Si I , .'1 'IS J r rf to Lieii I n. I 1 ' x t- a f A .t ..3 pr. : : c .-. thcU.-f .1Z , 8. Je. 15 i as well es to the govern mnt is nera'dTclr demand tftat some more convenient and; esp-editteus moae than an appeal to Ccagress shsuiu be adopted. It is deeply to be regretted that ia sev eral instances, off cers cfthe govemmec, ia attempting to eieetita-ihe law for the rs turn cf Fugitives from labor I sea openly resisted, and their efferta frustrate and defeated by lales:? and violent in eb. that in one case such resistance resulted in the death of an estimable citizen, and in others serious injury ensued !o those officers and to individuals who were us ing their endeavors to sustain the laws. Prosecutions have been instituted s gainst the alleged offenders, so far as they could. bs identified, snd are still pending. I have regarded it 3 my duty ia these cases to give all aid legally in my power o the enforcement of the laws, and I tsball conticuo to do so, wherever, and wnenever their execution may be resisted. ' Tho set of Congress for the return of fugitives from labor is oue required and demanded by tha express words of the Constitution. 'Tfca Constitution declatcs ihai'no per? son held to service or labor in one Stat under he k"rs thereof, creeping in'o a a? C. cr, E..-.i in coc?eucpe mi any mw cr rr gef erlen therein, bs dhjehargei icni ieh r-.s ,Lj or labor, but ihili be dslivered up on cls-heo c! the arty to S'",hoi;:i s;uch seruice or labor may ba ds. Thla Constitutional provision is equally obligatory upon tha legislative, executive and judicial departments of the government. and upon every citizen of tha U&ited States, ; Congress, however, must from necessi? ty first act upon Ihe .subject by prescribing the proceedings necessary to ssctr? tain that the person is a fugitive, and the me?r.s to be used f. r hts r:;'-: 't'.Ien to tha ci ::. 'if ". d..3 y n s,ct j-sssv.1 d e 1 1 . g the i.rst I : r; 1 cf Fre f.ff :rt VVahIregf:3, which v, e j u-.nr.ded Ly tha t:.'.ct:lij t'.3LjtCr--: :,::!::: f remains fer the Ihvec-tlva er.a th? Ju ;i? ciJ Dc-:er:. .er.u to l' oc:;o l' et t 53 h, suia. .-.ye.;: - 'I'.":! j - e-I- a c! IjC.-: .It. fen i3 tjp r-Tf.ry r- 1 bfr dl:-3 hi t: r c-.-er. iU . :t d i c.'v.'.: j c"i f.e sr- , f.u.-.f: lei cat. ' c'- .-3 v.i.'.'i .f Id 1 ; r i' 3 xc- ! ..rn cf f ,' 1 , 1 5 'v t I ''eo, r cr c r A - l j I ' t' fl 1 a : - ' -- ' i ft . .' . a . : eetd. i3 i" 3 c : - c 3d..' .' p . -t i .1 d . 3 ; . a t. . -t t' ' y. . - 1 t ah ., . 1 ft .1 thtt t" ; ts t V.t C 1 1 S ih . .1 I 3 I)" j (. : . 1 . ..1.1 i t tie 1 , '1 r.e f r . t . . 1 " V J " c t :C- I ; jr.; the; if : 1 i .0 - t

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