The Prairie Chieftain, Volume 1, Number 13, Monticello, White County, 17 December 1850 — Page 1

''"T ft ':- iratur , 1.. . - - ' - ,i .Lditor::? end FropTkiars. TO. IIOUTICSLLO, :IIITE COUHTT, LTB., TUESDAY, DECEIIBEll. 17, ICaD. i. ::o. 13.

Limner ji. v.iimD, a

Ij O v LI J Q a ju n J i.j .J.

Ill LU - t e, , i r w tib.u. S I "I . l -, 2 M i a ( j . i e ai . 1 c r t r, , t l ," i 'r ii i r, v i . ' e run-. ' .c-i & i.n, i - 1 ';c t r . :vf t - frr v , , rr ,i.mf 0 ,e in-i uOi'S, S : ( 1"1C 5i ' t 7' - 1' ' I- P 1 l.'l . II- n , . r r 1 -. - f rC i ' 'I'm , I, i I otu t . j ) . ri nt ' ft j a ' n. . '." ' ' U t , . h . tisij. " . a Slid I I ... J the scssi a i r dispensation C.f 1 ' . Plw. a tij r Qr.s.ll3 s tmLn, v, .rdi i Luttitojitel myoilf ' hi - to. ' " .- is la I'-o L- ' .1- ..in i j c .. i .cou.lr i3 s'.ruul-1 1 i ii. -.rr.'.. tyic c.l: ti,d alllseaiU uere pi-ictr&l-l grief. U.a cccI.n ap peared to require or justify on my part, any general expression of political opinions, of airy announcement ol the jirinci !tei whlvH'Wouti jgoveia ras in the- dis charge tf ilia duties, to the perfortnance of vfhlah' 1 had been eo unexpectedly called. I trust, therefore, that it may hot te tleeraed inappropriate If t avail wysel cf this opportunity of the re-sssemllL-cf Congress, to make known my sentiments in a general manner, in regard to the policy winch ought to be pursued by he Government, both in its intercourse with foreign nations, &nd in its Eaanags-tnent-ahd' adminlsir&iioa of internal affairs. ; ' ; : KatloBs, like individuals, in a state of nature, are equal and independent, posessig fcertalri tights and ' owing certain duU-3 ij each i. .h:.r, arising from their a, ...i r" ..I rind dtitijs lh.ro is no ccsaI ; ..i t.'"i 'l uthrfitj to euftrcp. Ciu! c,r3 li'i J-'i-d Cu.h.s, LIi h hi i... i 1j, I.i t t,:A in l. o-t, 1- . h lh . ' iJ Llh..::d thrc.Lrh wLic'.i i ,i i j .rid 1' ) h. c; 1 p cl, but tl e int i I a I ' 1 tif mat kind, ail uhi1 ; ' t', 3 t I u uif .,t oft.3 sword. J t t ' ' ""V'i'J 1 r:0',ta cf nat . j Ij v ! ' -k - s. h j )j-,cse3 cf cs- ' ' . " ' , . : 1 .ii.i f j j .-I : v.hhh it 1 i..r I .ti inoat cniu.. to ih hi p;h.cii 1 prcs; c ihy tf i;j chh' . .:, .h . uh" t .3 the ii 1 It v-hre, z: 1 ,f 1 :" J i-t-ird afl lC i i t -111 -v rL,.:.';-t ..3 t.r Ii thi i.-t L .il .:r t v. j ..u-M,S t I , ... iat .j ir ' t'

-rf .rmanoe cf -.hIeh b-st6Ktit? curSlItss 13 like trertmcnt Iron! th'.r.i. rr if that in any case be refused, we can enforca our own rights with justieo r.nd n c ""conscience. la our domestic policy, the -ConstHu-lif a will be rnyguideand in, questions of doibt I shall look for interpretation to the j.iilcial decisions of that tribunal which ws c-t-'tlishel to expound it, and to the i.f t!.j :r.;:.r-r"' i.I. II? the country. I rc rd all its rrovisio s r s . t i-"'y bin 11.-. ' I l-II I j :it3 it the will cf t',.3 f crjda, cj-i.aed i.i t' i -$t s-h - f. i, r:.I t t " , I t ithi, b.t lh.3 i t. c.iy t. v. ill i'ilD cl cii.Icrj. Lcry poutril.Ich it has granted is to be exercised for the u'-IIc good, but no pretence cf utility no bunest conviction, -even, ol what might b-j expedient can justify the assumption cf a vv power net granted. ; The powers cculbrred upon the government, and their diitiibution to the several departments, are as clearly expressed in that sacred i. '.uaient as the imperfection of human b.. t.'ag8 will allow;- and I deem it my first dty Hot to question its wisdom, add to its I .'v'sions, evade its requirements, or nullV i.s commands. ' . Upon you, fellow-citizens, as tiie irepre sentitives of the Elates and the people, is wisely devolved the legislative power, t shall comply with my duties in laying before you from time to time any information calculated to enable you to discharge jour high and responsible trust, for the benefit of our common constituents. My opinions will be frankly expressed upon the leading subjects 'of legislation and if, which I do not anticipate, any act should pass the two Houses of Congress w hich should appear to me" unconstitutional, or an encroachment on the just powers of ctt'ier departments, or with provisions hastily adopted and likely to produce consequences injurious and unforeseen-. I should not shrink Jrom my duty to you. with my-reasons f;r your further -consideration.' lleyond the due performance 'of these Constitutional obligations, both my respects for the Legislature and my sense ct j r- ty Wi.i rrstrahi me from c-;y f)ti pt ; i r :ri 1 orLifi-: r.co c-ijr piccof,Lins. ' ith you is the power, the honor.

nd the fesponsiod. ty of the Ic-islatlon of thhi country. The government of the Ui.it" .1 Lu.tos is a limllLU govti,4i.-.er.t. It is condi. cd to the c vor. i3 ii i jwlis bj redely grf..tjd, Liij.Ii t.h;rs ?-i rn;y be uiczsictj in ccirL'-g tl.OiJ f uwcr3 i'.i (..A-ct. and it i 3 ,-.t 1.11 thr.c3 li cpcci d'.y to gaird : -d ,;: t.jy L.hl. ... ..it ca t's-i j -t ll0hts cf the Lhitcs. (Jve- the ob ts . 4d s jbj jets tn'.ru.- .id tj Cuu-rcs's, :"s l:,'-I-.Ive ku.h. rity is s-u, u,me, Lt hrr th:.t e.-.h y..y c.::-t r.r.i c;y c"lb.-w i. ..it. &h . i t . Lh . L.-yi..: Ijvtstie C; : cti't.t' h au i I unlh.u i."CO of it c;st?rice " .Ik h. i tltt' : s 'h K-i-in C. X I . 3 ir. . .set thiU -- " it:-, f . c ..h ;c . f i t.d Is i.i v i : i. " - to; . . l I uA llit l..h d aii .1 a t t tc 3 C i;

by their imaginations, may ba iadaw.d madly to resist stieh lairs ej they 'JL:p-prove.-Such persons should rcILii, that without law, there can be no practical liberty that when law is trampled under loot tyranny rules, whether it appears in. the form- of a military despotism or of popular violence. The law is the only sure protection ol the weak, and the only eScient restraint upon tha strong. . When impartially and faithfully administered, none are below its protection, and none above its control. You, gentlemen, and the country, may be assured, that to the utmost -of my ability s,nd to the extent of the power vested in me, I shall at ' all times, and in nil places, take care that the laws be aithfuliy executed. In the discharge cf.this duty, solemnly imposed upon me by the Constitution and by my oath, of office.- , t shall shrink from : no responsibility, and shall endeavor to meet events as they may arise, with .nrm ess as well as prudence and discretion. - The appointing power is one of the most delicata with which the Executive i3 invested. I regard it as a sacred trust, to be exercised .with the sole view f advancing the prosparity and happiness of the people. ' It shall be my- effort to elevate the st;m,. rd of official employment, by selecting for places of importance individuals fitted for the post to Winch they are assigned, by their known integrity, talent virlues. . In so extensive a country, with so great a population, and where so Jew persons appointed to cilice can be known !o the appointing power, mistakes will sometimes unavoidably; happen, and unfortunate appointments' be made, notwithstanding the greatest t"ire. In such cases the power of removal may be properly exercised, and neglect of duty or malfeasance in otnee will be no more tolerated in individuols (appointed by myself, than in those appointed by others. I am happy in being able to say; that no unfavorable change in our forreign relation has taken place since the message at the opening of the last session ol Congress. We are at peace with all nations, raid we enjoy in an eminent deprce the blessirgs tf that. peace in a pro-per-ouo ar.d gr.,vi: j comntree, and in n'.'i tha f;t(,is of ami .able h tcivv-nrt. 'I ho unexampled growth of lhj comUiy, tho present amount -tf its popula'.i -n, iud its ample means of sell-protection, assuscLr St tha r --ri ct '.fall r .:io,ia. while it is tiustcJ tiiut its chaclor for jubilee, and areg.nd t-: ". ;' A ts of other Ct-l'-s, will cimie i ,rt r-.-p'.tt I b- icadlly ai-dchs-iffly p.- 1. A o.-nvrr.t . l, w r ;,v.M:d bctv.ee n t!i3 Un't- 3 c?;. , c-p 1 i -.at Lhlt.-Ta in A-

i'.li i A. i u-1 ' .aid contraction of h'p v. . - I ' t.Lii the .'.".l-t.tlcar.i Po- .,!. '-t,.T-.iIhr od.cr p..;t --.cj. Ihis . nt it. s ih.ee bcc.i i;h" J by tl.3 i.ethj, i-at'tls. Tl. cwh".go cf t'hr-.t.oii-; lias been e.Tctd und rroo j - ?:: i!i'-r'- f bci lc 1 Cl made. 1 n r, i 1..3 tj t... ,h:j d hi tills t.-..(.:.!n ..".- iM.:.i:i Ij bo ic:l, ' CcOiracthig pov, cis. .rr ch it. lit. iluucP tJ cl a fite p i .. .. ... I . 3 r . . v E ill J t' . 3 V I l-'.h, J t I . iOTi 't ru. 1 .t ; .1 1 i th

pored, if any .other than peaceful mc.ist 'Os. icr the purpose of harmonizing ccnUlctir.g claims to territory in that quarter, should be adopted. It will consequently be my endeavor to cause eny other negotiations on the part of this government, whlchtiiay.be requisite for this purpose to be so conducted as to bribg them to a speedy and successful close. Some unavoidable delay has occured, arising from distance and difficulty cf in tercourse between that government cad that of Nicaragua, . but, as intelligence has just been received of the appointment of an envry Hi Inordinary and Sibiistcr 1 Llr . :. r c ' -1 u Jvernment to reside at Washington, v.hcse arrival may soon be expected, it is hoped that no further impediments will be experienced in: the prompt transaction of business between the two governments. , . Citizens o! the United States have undertaken the connection of the two oceans by means of a Railroad across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec under grants of the Jdexican government to., a citizen of that Republic It is understood that a tho rough survey of the line of coramunica tion is in course of preparation, and there is every reason to expect that it will be prosecuted with characteristic energy, especially when that government shall conseat to such stipulations with the govern ment of tha United - States as may be necessary, to. impart a feeling of security to those who may embark their property m the enterprise.- Negotiations are pending for the accomplishment of that object, and a hope is confidently entertained that when the Government of Mexico shall become duly sensible of' the advantages which that country cannot fail to derive from the work, and learn that the government of the United States desires that the tight of eovreignty to Blexico in the Isthmus shall remain U!iimpaired,the stipulations referred to will ba agreed to with alacrity, ' '. , By the last cdriees from Mexico, would appear, however, that the Government cntertams" strong objections to some of the stipulations which the parties Concerned in tho project of the railroad deem necessary for their pr.rt-cil:n c.l security. Umihrr cc'rhh rati -3, it is to be hop d, rf s?.".. ?, mod i.i,- Ml :n cf teu.is, ir.y yet r-ccnc-ls tho ddlhrcnccs cxi,--t'a g bftwetn tlm two Governments in this rcprot. bhcrh intructlo $ have !'.: crT.tlv 1 n r,lc.i to the hl.r.is'.Lr cf th: I nifd L'.ate3 in Mevico, wiii 13 pc. cjlir j the s. Jojcct wah prciv; tau Ij c.-d a bihty. . - Aid. -ugh tho nrg-'aa'.ion-i i.tdi gillhrlho i).i.e:.t of I .h ? tf t ".h.,; cf tho United 1 it;-? fgs.i:;st th :t (.lovLinL.ir.t Lave net ct rcsul'.od i.i a Li .1 trcray, yet a pre oinon m.. T 0 ! y th j t -ever: ,cr:tof ihtt.Jg-1 for V r. -t-m.-iit and payment of l:u .e chihaj I 1 ; ccr.tly 1 rcn 1 occi td cn the r a.t cf the United b:.U:s.

It gives me pla&.ur t3 s..y hat C. v, ti whom tl - t.v- 1. n on t:. p a rr. :.u tT S.j lh.;t:d ::s ! if C Ithe cf I v.i.h rJ h'y and dlic;-'.l r. v Ithio tl.3 jc'.1jo3 tf 1 U. : 3 Gov-r ." r t;:i title f.r -1 r. i. ly It y.i v. !i 1 J . p , t ra : : '-3 3 C ra .r c :A I .i t' o '3 r a f

t-; d ri a;, cf discrii rhn-th'- C '. - 1 t : :i tI;o cbsels cf Cl Hi f-.d I1 ir .- "n lias been suspended t ursn'-t to t' . ovissions of t!3 act of .Cc-g-ci "t t c 24th of Jlay, i - his to 1 .d measure will impart . a. frcth h to the commerce between, t"''1 t,io -.-tries, which of late, espedally s rce c ..r acqusition of California, L-s t j .j n tual advantage of the parlies, auinntnted. . ; , , ; . " . Peruvian Gu:nj has bocunj 13 tcslrabh cn c;;hh tj tho r. . Icuhril est cf the Ur.i'-I L'Ut:cj t! :A it is tl.j do.ty of t'-.i G.'tcr.-....:nt to i: -.p!:y e!1 ; era" ,ns fcr the j ,:rpcs3 cf tz:',c? th.;

article to be i.rpoitcd into the country tt a res, nall-3 ; ;lce. Nc '.hlng will te c:..I;ted on my part towards accocpllsaisg this desirable end. .lam persuaded that in removing any restraints 'cn this- tra.T.c, he Peruvian Government will promote its own best interests, while it will a Cord a proof of a friendly dispostiion towards this country, which will be duly appreciated. ' ' ' " "The treaty between the United Elsies and his majesty, the Ling of the Hawaiian Islands, which has recently been made public, will, it i3 believed, have a beneHcial eSctcn the relatlcns between the two countries. " The relations between those part3' of tho islands of St Domingo, which, were formerly colonies of Spain and France, respectively, a,ra still In rav unsettled condition. The proximity cf that Island to the United States, and the delicate questions involved in the existing controversy there, render it desirable that' it should be 'permanently and '. speedily adjusted. The interests of humanity and -general commerce also demand this, and as intimations of the same ten timer. have been received from other governraecti, it is to be hoped that soma . p,l?.n may soon be devised to effect tho object in a manner likely to give satisfaction. -The government of the . United States will not. fail by the exercise of all friendly offers to do all in its power to put an end to thy destructive war which has rrg:d I - tv.ccn the Oh "hreui purts, and to s car; tj them both the L-a.f.s cf poai'e ol commerce. , - I re for jcu to the repevt cf the Sjc:.' t:ry cf theTrjasury f;r a d;t:.:i:d r.:., mcr.t cf the f:;r.CT3. . Tho t.tr.l re;.;-tj ir.'? t" t Trrr-iry for the year endirg CJth Ju::e Is it, re K 17e;l,?idX0. The t;t-d cp;r, V.'.-: s d..rirgthe sac. 3 p--r!cd, vero , 13.C0-, I :::: rort from ,-(..,. . t cf :'.h 1 : t f t' : d 1 f r r - -: lC3,f I). The u'.ho ocll h uhiced since the list annua! the Trc?.su.y I)opr.rti..er ., 11 t' e K .h c-..".ica tf t". 1 ri cf J-r..:-.ry, Eahs rf th.s thi princq 1 d ht. T.. 1 C IT, t'.j ul-jl-.r;! ! 1 in'. rcrt M i-i. 3 v, cro t cf cuL scquendy grant jd for tl.--, vhh It 1-- be 11- sci, P.v. a J r f . . , to t - -dt-.tr. i,hr m t . hi 1 3 r!:c 1 cn th "t ! r ;r tf rev. "V f rr. -. : 1 .. ., a c ! l r .0 1

3-

.-I... i. "f.a:':,.r.:.::,: it rii '' " c " 'it. r d . : 1.3 pr . to A-t t : ' . 3 . , t. cl t.iksdj, t" v.i 1 t' r ul j .rt cf t a dv y :a t' a 1 r; r f V -V... --i 1 1 3 c-nd,.jc .0 eft. prcccrs crtit-s the akdl mi i-utrsthe c;I h.l h. ', . . .; y c. : , r:3. dc;j t'.j Rilzli .h c ! . 1 - r d. : It c . ..l lav? b-:n pr:.r. 1 f . . . i fir thcr.by b.:;e.:.h-g l ...h V ; " ! . . r '.'a c;w.- --;:r tl h;-i.o. 1; - 1 . f X) '. ',, P.. a '.' l, 1 i, lurch arob'it. "at, ; . .r, e .ho."" : . j - . 'o rt y mai1i kf 1,3 rrct 3 rrc.i.j c' thecihcf. the wh'lj cc-ntry ! ;c; r.:s pc ar.d tie ('-.' t; rrilj ocry nccess'.ry tf V.:., film L, upc;iu..-.t in u tT . w .11 cs ir. j cr. A h'gh trhPcon r.c.cr b? : cr i. It wdl crsc d.i..-'.:," :t.cn ar.J 9. II be ch.r.d. Iicx-.Ldij c; d.i' -., r.r.J ih-Tt.'. 1 .il ; -j tho i.a..: : c'c'dal iaia...' ,-. stos h i.i ( . . .:. t "r r t w h : u charged b rlr g3 d.; -:rs t r, 1 1 . -,k-r.p.oy feid r.n u: ;n i.'l ,'. 0 i -ad t -n t.dd.d by l.j f.hIh-53 V.'I.-.t the intrnhict.-Lr a u.fv-. .1 y snd perriaHcncy.that he rr.:.r el a cm fider.ee tht ho !j nclto bj r-'.r.-dl y . cen c!.j. :.s. 1M to t .-.La a t;.-:7t.r.l-form and ermantnt, it ij r.: t c: r.3cessary t'..t tho law $h;ij i,a crdy b. altered, but th 3 duty t'r: ..hi r.cl f .;-.u;.:?. To eflbct this, ell dudes should be tpceiia whenever the nature cf th a erticle U such as to admit of it." ' AdaIorem duties' Huctaata with the price, and oiler slrcrg temptations for fraud and perjury." Specific duties, on tho contrary, ara. equal and uniform la all parts, snd at nil times, and effer & strong inducement 10 the Importer to bring the best erdele, 'ts hepays no more duty une-ntha than vpsn ons cl ir...;.-r qji.ty. I strc-.,' r;. " ;:.ia r-. :dh.::.'. ; . 1..3. present Uriir, hh"h his prrb'rated t:3 c-f ci.r most i.rp.rtmt and rcceisary manufactures, tad that s-cchlo duties - -Id I 3 h i z :d j " r. 1-. 1 .. : ir.' d;'i in h , .r cf t' ? : .t kt3 ra ?: ' e . 1 (lcrl cf c-rcua c tr-, UDtr. urpg3 i . : .- v ' J I"rt: r J rr. pEs.r.t frif, w.hwut cri It ii j I ; - ; : vlih n i -. : to.T re a. . if r c.z"y 1 .' " 3 1 ;uup: a t' : cjr n.ir. t.::.. i-wd s Th p c f : t el. l ii K!..; t IV t'.2 C t t c ' 1 t' 3 a ? ' C,' I '. 3 r: ,c a i : , . f - - r td .1; t '.! t C.l Urv t tl-. a wf t' ti c. . 3 z : .1 -. a 1 i a. '