Pike County Democrat, Volume 26, Number 34, Petersburg, Pike County, 3 January 1896 — Page 6

CARLISLE S OPINION Ob Hm TtrW mad Bond Bills How PenAlng Jtefor» Coa;;re*s lomlikdosi Presidential Vetoes -Neither Measure Calculated to Purnlsh Permanent Relief from Oar Financial Kmbarrassmeats—A Speelle Promise of Gold FsjumbU Required. Washington, Dec. 28.—Secretary Carlisle gave to a reporter of the United Press last evening his views on the tariff measure now pending in con* great*: « “What, in your opinion will be the effect upon the financial situation of the tariff hill passed by the house of representatives yesterday?" Mr. Car lisle was asked. “I had supposed that very few could now be found who believe that our financial difficulties Were caused by a deficiency in the ordinary rey^ enues of the government, or that they can be relieved by increasing taxes upon the commodities consumed by the people. These difficulties are the necessary results of our financial legislation, and- they cannot be respoved, even temporarily, by th6 tariff'laws, nor by any other measures which do not directly .enable the government to procure the means necessary for the maintenance of gold payments." “Do you think, then, that the bond bill reported in the house to-day^will furnish any relief to the treasury?" “I am satisfied that there is but one permanent remedy for our financial embarras.sirents,and that is legislation' providing for the retirement and cancellation of the legal tender notes; but, recognizing the fact that such a rueassure would require time for its consideration, and for its ^ complete execution, if adopted*1 had hoped that congress would immediately take the necessary step/ to assist the government in its efforts to procure ami maintaly such a gold reserve as mav be required to remove the distrust ami apprehension which have precipitated the present emergency. The bill reported by/ tqe committee on ways and moans falls very far short of the requirements of the situation, and its passage' will not beneficially* affegt the situation with whjch a we ' now have to deal.

Our difficulties were produced, and have Wen prolonged and aggravated, by the fear that, notwithstanding ail the efforts‘of the administration, we may ultimately be unable to procure gold for the purpose of redeeming our notes and. consequently, be forced to a silver basis, and this fear can not be wholly removed until some action is taken by congress clearly indicating a purpose* to pay all our obligations in gold when demanded .by the holders. Although there is no substantial reas<m td distrust the character of our notes or other securities or to doubt the purpose of the government to maintain gold payment, tpe fact that there has Wen no legislative declaration upon the subject and that no legal authority exists to make them expre»vdy payable in gpld.-dot oply prevents the sale of our bonds for the replenishment of the reserve uj*»n the most advantageous terms, but increases the demand for gold by the presentation of notes at the very times when we are least able to meet them without injury to our credit. If it was not generally expected that tln^e three classes of bonds already authorized by law will. W paid in gold at maturity, if; demanded, they could not be sofd eyeept at an enormous sacrifice. but «j^en this general expectation is not sufficient to 'altogether satisfy investors, especially in times of financial disturbance. .About •16,000.000 in interest could have Wen saved to the people on the last issue of Kinds, if congress had consented to make them expressly payable in gold, instead of coin. This condition is not at all improved by the pending bill, which still requires all bonds to be payable in coin as heretofore, and confers no new authority except the power;t« issue and sell three per dent, bonds payable in coin, after five years, with interest payable in coicj semi-annually. At the present time our 30-year four-per-cent, bonds, with interest payable quarterly, are .4-lling hi the markets at rates which yield investors more than three per cent j»r annum, and this fact should'not be overlooked in determining whether or not a five-year threeper cent, coin bond con Id now lx* sold at par.’as flic pending bill requires." “What will W the effect of the provision prohibiting th«^£ilc of Wndsrxeept after pv b advertisement j “Assuming that a sufficient amount of gold could W procured in that way. ! gny secretary of fhc treasury would prefer to ad vertise for bids, but it i* evident that there may be eireumstances when prompt action is required in order to‘preserve the credit of the gove'mment and in such eases a peremptory .provision requiring a public advertisement might defeat the object of the law and prevent any sale." ' Speaking of the second section of the bill, which authorizes the issue of certificates to meet deficiencies in the revenue. Secretary Carlisle said: “While there is no neees»ity at the present time for resorting to the exercise of the power which that section confers and may not W in the future, the secretary of the treasury ought always to have the authority to issue and sell or use in the payment pf expenses. . short time certificated or bonds, of the character described fn the bill. Such authority ohght to have been conferred upon him a long time ago. arid it ought *of be made permanent instead of Wing limited to $fi0.ouo.ooa

TERRIFIC EXPLOSION. Two Thousand rounds of Dynamite Let Do on the IiUouD Drainage Canal. Lockimbt. 111., dec. 2i—The powder magazine at Eastman's section o? the drainage canal near here, containing 3,000 potinds of dynamite, blew up at 4 a. m. Net one was injured. The 'watchman had left the magazine and supposedly an ember from the stove fell upon the floor. The shock was the severest ever felt here, and reporta state that it was felt a distance of M miles. Many -of the buildings at the works were bsilv shattered

DUN'S COMMERCIAL REVIEW. Bad Effort* of th« PiwMcat'i ProeUmo-tloi-jt on Business—No Improwment Be. fore New Year* Likely to be Realised— General Depression and Fallinjc Prices of Commodities Noted la Nearly All Branches of Trade. New Yoke, Dec. 28.—R. G. Dun A Co. say to-day in their weekly reyew trade: l Failures for the week have been 323 jjii the United States, against 350 last year and 40 in Canada against 41 last year. The foreign and financial messages of thy president were followed by violent reaction in the stock market last Saturday, with grave fears of monetary trouble. The sudden panic checked business in many departments and the industries can not be expected to show signs of improvement until the new .year begins. Bessemer pig has declined' 25 cents more at Pittsburgh: the bar iron association has reduced its price, but not yet to the rate at which steel as w^il as iron bars are actually sold, and in most departments this industry suffers from the speculative advance in prices and production last summer. Minor metals are a shade lower. Anthracite -eoal is selling at $3.40 in New York harbor. In the grCat textile manufactures th e usual holiday dullness is increased by delay of orders, though there is some i accumulation of goods for the demand expected soon. Standard brown sheetings and drills are an eighth lower and cotton goods average a third of one I percent, lower. For woolen goods the ] market \s extremely dull, soft wool ' dress goods and ladies' cloths are a j shadejower. and the average of quota- | tions is about 1 % per cent, lower for the week. * ■ Tlic shoe and leather business does not, improve, and both leather and manufactured goods decline slightly. Wheat and cotton weit depressed by ] last week's panic, and have had little j time to ®reoover. Wheat receipts con- j tinue enormous: fbr the week 3,794,(73 j bushels, against ^1.71*2.908 last year; i I fand Atlantic exports, flour 'included, j I have been 7,526,96J) bushels in, four j weeks of December, against 7,763,690 j last year. Russian and other supplies | are moving freely, official estimates j are wholly forgotten, and the men who j predicted one dollar wheat have dis- j appeared.

"Cotton has remained at s’* cents since last Saturday, and enoraxms c jmmercial and mill stocks here, and abroad, with a demand for goods much smaller than in September, hinder 'an advance. The quantity which has come into sight is 30 per cent, less than last year to date, but slightly larger than in 1892, when the crop was 0.70 >,000 bales. Railroad earnings in December thus far are 0-4 per cent, larger than last j year, but 5.8 per cent, less thaii in 1892. i Payments through clearinghouses were abnormally swelled by last week’s paniy, so that the average daily for December at all points is 18.0 per cent, more than in 1*94 and_12.2 per cent, less than in 1892. Foreign trade shows a gain of lid . per cent, in exports froijl New York for three weeks of Decern- I her. \yhich is decidedly encouraging, and crease of 18^ per cent, in import 4 here. A SEVERE STORM Make* "Things Lively In and About New . - j ... York City. New York. Ike. 28.—Reports con- ' tinue to come in of damages everywhere in this vicinity by Thursday, night's high wind and rain storm, and many persons had narrow escapes from serious injury, if not death. Injhorth Morissiana four telegraph polei fell across the elevated railroad tracks, almost ip front of an approaching train, which was stopped within ten feet of the obstruction. The blowing down 6f the poles para- ; lysed a number of telegraph wires for some hours. A number of plate glass windows Were blown in. trees were uprooted, roofs torn from buildings, wooden signs and fences blown away and a number of street lamps were wrecked, 'but up • to noon no one had been re- . ported as injured. In llrpoklyn the storm had wrought niiVch damage, wreckage in the shape ! if twes. fences, nmfs and other timber. as well as chimneys being blown into the streets. Wires are blown in ail directions. WILLIAM WALDORF ASTOR Said to He Ka(mrnl to Lady Randolph Charrhlll. New York. Dec. 28.—It is reported that ah engagement of marriage has been made between William Waldorf Aator and Lady Randolph Churchill^ It is said the wedding will, in all probability. In* a quiet affair, and wlU, be i celebrated in London next autumn. A report that they would come to this city to be married i« denied ’.»> an-in-timate'f fiend of thtf’Astor family. This gentleman said: •:Wm. Waldorf Astor has given upall idea of ever again making his home in America. lie dislikes this country, and has few ties to bring him hew- Of his reported engagement with Lady ftan- • h archill i can only say that Mr. Astor has kept his own eouhsei. and if be contemplates marriage he has told ' t>o one here. He does admire I*ady Churchill very much, and should they marry it would increase the* popularity of the American colony in I<ondon.” KING WINTER

Caught Fir* la a Peoria fill.* Church, and a Panic Rn*urd. Peoria, I1L. I)ec. -*8.—Christinas festivities at the • First Presbyterian .-hurch Thursday night came to an abrupt end. King- Winter, *, impersonated by Howard Fisher, caught tire, dashed from the stage into the audience and wound up by creating a panic among the children. A number of them were injured by the fire which King Winter scattered generously in his flight, and by the rush of the frtahtened oeonle to escaoe.

PHILIPPIAN JAILER, A Sermon Which Appeals to the Uncontroverted Everywhere. Tti* “Sir*, WJjat Slut I I>o to Be SavedT"~Thte »'m the Cry of *nr Attuned Swot—Dr. Talnmcc l>lscoaraee oo • Question of Incomparable Importance. For the closing discourse of the year ! Rev. Dr. T&lmage chcse a subject i which appeals to the unconverted : everywhere—via, The Philippian jail- 1 er.” The^ext selected was, “Sirs, wnat ; must I do to be saved?” Acts xvi, 3a i incarcerated in a Philippian peni- j tentiary, a place cold and dark and ; damp and loathsome and hideous, unil- i lumined save by the torch of the official , *who comes to see if they are alive yet, j are two ministers of Christ, their feet fast in instruments of torture, their shoulders dripping from the stroke of leathern thongs, their mouths hot with inflammation of* thirst, their 1 heads faint because they may not lie , down. In a comfortable room of that same building and amid pleasant sur- j roundings is a paid officer of the goy* j eminent whose business it is tosupeKj vise the prison. -It is night, and all is still in the corridors of the dungeon savtrfis some murderer struggles with a horrid’dream, or a ruffian turns over , in his chains, or there is the cough of j a dying consumptive amid the dampness, but suddenly crash go the walls! The two clergymen pass out free. The jail keeper, although familiar with the darkness and horrors hovering around ■, the dungeon, is startled beyond all ; bounds, and, flambeau in hand, be s rushes through amid the fallirfg walls, | shouting at the top of his voice, “Sirs, j wnat must l do to be saved?”* I stand now among those who are asking the same question with more or less earnestness, and I accost you in this crisis of your soul with a message from Heaven. Inhere are those iu this ■ audience who might be more s,killful | in argument than I am; there are thosehere who can dive into deeper depths of science, or have larger knowledge; : there are in this audience those before whom I would willingly bow as the inferior to the superior, but I yield to no one in this assemblage in a desire to have all the people saved by the power of an omnipotent gospel.

I shall proceed to characterize the question of the agitated jail keeper. And, first. 1 characterize thje question as courteous. He might have rushed in and said- “Paul and Silas, you vagabonds, are you tearing down this prison? Aren’t you-satisfied with disturbing the peajce of, the gity by your infamous doctrines? And are you now going to destroy public property? Back with you to yoilr places, you vagabonds!” He said no such thing. The word of four letters, ‘‘sirs,” equivalent to “lords," recognized the majesty and the honor of their mission, birs! If a man with a captious spirit tries to find the way to Heaven, he wfU miss it If a man comes out and pronounces all Christians as hypocrites, and the re- ■ ligioji of Jesus Christ as a fraud, and ask^ irritating questions about the mysteries and inscrutable^ saying: “Come, my wise man. explain this and explain that; if this be true, how can that be true?” no such man finds the way to Heaven. The question of the text was decent, courteous, gentleman- ■ ly, deferential. Sirs! Again, l characterize this question of the agitated jail keeper by saying that it was a practical question. He did not ask why God let sin come into ■ the world. fhe did not, ask how Christ ' could be G >d and man in the same person, he did sbt ask the doctrine of the j decrees explained or want to know whom Cain married, or what was the cause of the earthquake. His present and everlasting welfare was involved in the question, and was not that practical? But I know multitudes of people who are bothering themselves abopt the non-eSsentiais of religion. What would you think of a man who should, while discussing the question of the light and heat of the sun, spend his time down 1 in a coal cellar wdien he might come out and see the one and feel the other? Yet there are-multitutles of men who, in discussing the chemistry of the gos- j pel, spend tiieir time down in the dun- | geon of their unbelief when God all the while standi telling them to come out into the noonday light and warmth j of the sun of righteousness. The question for you, my brother, to discuss is not whether Calvin or Arminius was right', not whether a handful of water in holy baptism nr a baptistery is the j better, not wnether foreordinatioa and free agency can be harmonized. The' practical question for. you .to discuss 1 and for me to discuss is, “Where will I spend eternity?" Again I characterize this question of ; the agitated jail keeper as one personal to himself. 1 have no doubt he had j many friends, and he was interested in their welfare. 1 have no doubt hefonpd/tnat there were persons in that prison .who. if the earthquake had destroyed them, would have found their case desperate. lie is not questioning about them. The whole weight of his” question turns on the pronoun “I.” “What shali 1 do?” Of course, when a man becomes a Christian, he imme- . diateiy becomes anxious for the sa,lva- ’ tion of other people, but until tnat point is reached the most important question is about your own salvation, i "What is'Xp be. inv destiny?” “What ; are my prospects for the future?” “Where am I going?” “What shall I qo?” The trouble is we shuffle

the responsibility off upon others. We prophesy a bad end to that inebriate and terrific exposure to that defaulter and, awful catastrophe to that profligate. We are so bcsy f i weighing other people we forget » urseirea to pet into tae scales. We an. so busy watching the poor gardens «»f otner peepie that we let our own Coorvard po to weeds. We are so busy sendinp off other people into the lifeboat w'e ’sink in the ware. We cry‘ Firer* because onr neighbor's house is bnrning down and seem to be uninterested, although our own house is is the conflagration. 0 wandering thoughts,

disappear to-day. Biot out this entire audience except ycnraell. Your sin, is it pardoned? Your death, is it provided for? Your Heaven, is it secured? A mightier earthquake than that which demolished the Philiippian penitentiary will rumble about your ears. The foundations of the earth will give way. The earth by one tremor will fling all the American cities into the dust. Cathedrals and palaces and priasons which have stood for thousands of years will topple like a child’s block house. The surges of the sea will submerge the land and the Atlantic and Pacific oceans above the Alps and the Andes clasp their hands. What then will become of me? What then will become of you? I do not wonder at the anxiety of this man of my text* for he was not only anxiourabont the falling of a prison, but the falling of a world. t Again, I remark, I characterize this question of the agitated, jail keeper as cpe of incomparable importance. Fben are alike, land 1 suppose he had /scores of questions on his mind, but aflxmestions for this world are hushed ftp, gotten, annihilated in this one qu^s ‘tionof the text, “What must 1 do to be saved?” And have you, my brotherj/any question of importance -compared with that question? Is it a question of business? Your common sense tells you that you will soon cease worldly business. Yon know very well that you will soon pass out of that partnership You know that beyond a certain point of all the millions of dollars’ worth of goods 6old you will not handle a yard of cloth, or a pound of sugar, or a penny's worth. After that, if a conflagration should sweep all Washington into ashes it would not touch you and would not damage you. If every cashier should abscond, and every bank suspend payment, and every insurance company fail, it would not affect you. Oh. how insignificant is business this side the grave with business on the’ other side |he grave* Havs you made any purchases for eter-j city? Have you any securities t^hat will last,forever? Are you jobbing for time when you might be

wholesaling for eternity? Is there any question so broad at the base, so altitudinous. so overshadowing as the question, “What must I do to be saved?’ Qr is it a domestic question? Is itfsometh’ing about father or mother or husband or %*ife or son or daughter that is the more important question? You knbw by universal and inexorable law—the relation will soon be broken up Father will be gone, mother will be gone, children will be gone, you will be gone, but after that the question of the text will begin to harvest its chief gains, or deplore its worst losses, or roll up its mightiest magnitudes, or sweep its vaster circles. Oh, what a 'qqestion—what an important question! Is there any question that compares with it in importance? What is it now to Napoleon III whether he triumphed or surrendered at Sedan, whether he died at the Tuileries or Cbiselhurst, whether he was emperor or exile? Because he was laid out in the coffin in the dress of a field marshal, did that give him any better chance for the future than if he had been laid out in a plain shroud? What difference will it soon make to you ofto me whether in this world we walked or rode, whether we were bowed to or maltreated, whether we were applauded or hissed at, welcomed in or kicked oht? While laying hold of every moment of the future and burning in every splendor or every grief and overarching or undergirding all time and all eternity will be the plain, startling, infinite, stupendous question of the text, “What must I do to be saved?” Again, I characterize this'question of the agitated jail * keeper. as one crushed out by his misfortunes, pressed out by his misfortunes. The falling pf the penitentiary, his occupation was gone. Besides ^that the flight of a prisoher was ordinarily the death of the jailor. He was held responsible. If all had gone well; if the prison walls had not been shaken of the earthquake; if the prisoners had all staid quiet in the stocks; if the morning sunlight had calmly dropped on the jailer’s pillow, do you think he would have hurled this red-hot question from his soul into the ear of his apostolic, prisoners? Ah, no! You kftow as well as I do it was the Earthquakethat roused him up And it is trouble that starts a great mhuy people to asking the same question. It hhs been so with a multitude of you. Your apparel is nos as bright as it once was. W hy have you changed the garb? Do you not like solferino and crimson and purple as well as once? Yes, but yon, say: “While I was prosperous and happy those colors were accordant with mv feelings. Now they would be discord to my soul.” And so you have plaited up the shadows into your apparel; The world is a very different place from what it wat once for you! Once you said:' “Oh, if Ii i could ohly have it quiet a little while!” It is too quiet

>onSe people say tnat they would not bring back their departed friends from Heaven even if they nad the opportunity. but if you had the opportunity you would bring hack your loirsd ones* and soon their feet would be sounding in the hall, and soon their voices would be beard in the family, < nd the'old times would come back jus*, as the festal days of Christmas and Thanksgiving—days gone forever. Oh, it is the earthquake that startled yon to asking this question—the earthquake of domestic misfortune. Death is so cruel, so devouring, so rele ntless, that when it swallows np our loved ones we must have some one to whom we can carry oar torn and bleeding hearts. We need a balsam better than anything that e ver exuded from earthly tree to heal the pang of the souL It is pleasant tc have our friends gather around us and tell ns how sorry they are and try to break up the loneliness, but noth ing but the hand of Jesus Christ emit take the bruised soul and put it in his bosom, hushing it with the lullaby of Heaven. O brother! O sister! The gravestone will never be lifted from your heart until Christ lifts it Was it not the

* loss of your friends, or the persecution of your enemies, or the orethrow of your worldly estate—was it not an earthquake that started you out to ask this stupendous question of my teat? Bat I remark again, I characterize this question of the agitated jail keeper as hasty, urgent and immediate. He put it on the run. By the light of his torch as he goes to look for the apostles behold .his face, see the startled look and seel the earnestness. No one can doubt I by that look that the man is in earnest. He must have that question answered before the - earth stops rocking, or perhaps he will never have it answered at all. Is that the way, my brother, ipy sister, you are putting this question? Is it on the run? Is it hasty? Is it urgent? Is it immediate? If it is not, it will not be answered. That is the only kind of question that is answered. It is the urgent and immediate question of the gospel Christ answers. A great many are asking this question, but they drawl it out, and there is indifference in their manner as if they do not mean it. Make it an urgent question and then you will have it answered before an hour passes, before a minute passes When a man with all the earnestne^k. of his soul cries out for God, he finds Him, and finds him right an ay. In the tronbled timesWf Scotland Sir John Cochrane Iras condemned to death by the king. The death warrant was on the way. Sir John Cochrane was bidding farewell to his daughter Grizel at the prison door. He said: “Farewell, my darling child, I must die.” His daughter said: “No, father, you shall not die.’’ “But,” he said, “the king is against me, and the law is after me, and the death warrant is on its way, and I must die. Do not deceive yourself, my dear child.” • The daughter said: “Father, you shall not die,” as she left the prison gate. At night, on the moors of Scotland, a disguised wayfarer stood waiting for the horseman carrying the mailbags containing the death warrant. The disguised wayfarer, as the horse came by, clutched the bridle and shouted to the

tider—to the man who carried the mailbags, “Dismount:” He felt for his arms and was about to shoot, but the wayfarer jerked him from the saddle, and he felt flat The wayfarer picked up the mailbags, put them on his shoulder, add vanished in the darkness, and 14 days were thus gained for the prisoner’s life, during which the father confessor was pleading for the pardon of Sir John Cochraue. The second time the death warrant is on its way. The disguised wayfarer comes along and asks for a little bread and a little wine, starts on across the moors, and they say: “Poor man, to have to go out on ruch a stormy nighty It is dark and you will lose yourself on the moors.” “Oh, no,” he aavs, *‘I will not!” He trudged on and stopped amid • the brambles and waited for the horseman to come carrying the mailbags containing the death warrant of Sir John Cochrane. The mail carrier spurred on his steed, for he was fearful because of what had occurred on the former journey, spurred on his steed,, when suddenly through the storm and through darkness, there was ji flash of firearms, and the horse became unj manageable, and as the mail carrier discharged his pistol in response the horse flung him, and thd disguised wayfarer put his foot on the breast of the . overthrown rider and said, “Surrender now!” The mail carrier surrendered his arms, and’ the disguised wayfarer put upon his shoulders the mailbags, leaped upon the horse and* sped away into the darkness, gaining 14 more days for the poor prisoner. Sir John Cochrane, and, before the 14 days had expired pardon had come from the king. The door, Of the 3 prison swung open, and Sir John Cochrane was free. One day when he was standing amid bis friends, they congratulating him, the disguised wayfarer appeared at the gate, and he said: “Admit him right away.” The disguised wafaref came in and said: “Here are two letters. \Read them, sir, and cast them*into th^Jfire.” Sir John Cochrane read them. )Thgy were his two death warrants^-^and- he threw them* into the fire, } Then said Sir John Cochrane: ‘*To whom am ;| indebted? Who is this poof wayfarer that saved my life? Who is it?” And the wayfarer pulled aside and pulled off the jerkin and cloak and the hat, and, lo/it was Grizel* the daughter of Sir John Cochane. “Gracious heaven!” hi cried, “my child, my savior. my own Grizel!” , But a more thrilling stork The death warrant had come forth from the King of Heaven and earth. The death wap* rant read, “The soul that sinneth, it shall die.” The, death warrant coming on the black horse of sternal night We must die. We must die. But breasting? the storm and putting out through the darkness was a disguised wayfarer

who gripped by the bndie tbe oncoming doom and flung it back and pat his wounded and bleeding foot on the overthrown rider. Meanwhile pardon flashes from the throne, and. Go free! Open the gate! Strike off the chain! ^Go free! And to-day your liberated, soul stands in the presence of the disguised wayfarer; and as he pails off the disguise of his earthly humiliation, £nd the disguise, of his thorns, and the disguise of the seamless robe, you find he is bone of your bone, flesh of your flesh, your Brother, your Christ, your pardon, your eternal life- Let all earth and Heaven break forth in vociferation. Victory through, our Lord Jesus Christ! A guilty, weak and helpless worm. On thy kind arm I falllie thou my strength and righteousness. My Jesus and my all £ —He that wants good sense is un£ happy in having learning, for he has t ereby only more ways of«&xnosing himself; and he that has senlsSNvnowi that learning is not knowledge, bet rather the art of using it.—Steele. —The pepper plant, originally a native of Malaoar, is now grown over all Southern Asia and moat of the Asiatic lulanda

NOTES OF V£NEZUE»«ft. Liberty of worship is guaranteed by t law. [". "•■■■ V '' :'"; The standing army consists of a little over 3,000 men. The republic claims an area of 622,807 Squase miles. The constitution is modeled on that of the United States. The emancipation of slaves took place on March 24, 1854. * The national militia consists of all males between the ages of 1S and 45. From 1550 until early in this century the country was under Spanish dominion. The coast of Venezuela,was the first part of the American mainland sighted by Columbus. - 1 The monetary system of Venezuela is* that of the Latin convention, the franc being represented by the bolivar. Don Guzman Blanco was dictator from 1870 until Februrary 20, 1873, when he was elected constitutional president. It was not unta 1845 that the independence of the republic was recognized by Spain in the treaty of Madrid. In 1810 Venezuela rose against the Spanish yoke, and in the following year’ the independence of the territory was proclaimed.; The pure .white population is less than three per cent. The vast majority of the people are negroes, Indians, mulct toes and zambos. * Elementary education is well provided for under the law. There are two universities, 19 federal colleges and various other public ^id private institutions for higher education. HISTORY REPEATED. ' From the date of the creation to that of the flood, mile Hebrew version calculates 1,656 years; tlje Septuagint e 2,262; the difference being GO'S years. Dishea.of gold and silver vised in table service in 900 B. C., were found at Troy by Dr. Sbhliemann. On-j,of these was about the size now deployed.

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