Pike County Democrat, Volume 24, Number 33, Petersburg, Pike County, 29 December 1893 — Page 6

JPEESIDEXT’S MESSAGE. 8peoial Communication to Congress on Hawaiian Affairs, •vtllulns the President** Action In the it ter. Together with an Abstract of the Instructions Given Min* istcr Willis*9" 'Washington, Dec. 18.—In response ioa resolution of the senate, asking* tor dbcuinefits in possession of the executive department in relation to the Hawaiian question, and in accordance with the president's intention, as expressed ioi his message at the opening of the regular session of the Fiftythird congress, Mr. Cleveland transmitted the following special communication to both houses: To tub Senate and House or Representatives—In my recent annual message 10 ton Ees I briefly referred to our nclulions With waii and expressed the intention of transmitting further information on the subject when additional advices permitted. Though lam not able to now report a deilpite change 4a the actual situation, 1 am convinced that The aimculties lately created both here and in Hawaii, and' now standing in the way of a notation through executive action of the problem presented,1 render it proper and expedient that the matter should be referred to broader authority and direction of conareas, with a full explanation of the endeavor thus far made to deal with the emergency, and • statement of the considerations which have Emed my action. 1 suppose that right and oe should determine the path to be fold in treating this subject. If national honesty is to be disregarded and a desire for territorial extension or dissatisfaction with a form •f government not our own is to regulate our conduct, I have entirely misapprehended the mission and character of our government and the behavior which the conscience of our people demands of their public servants. When the present administration entered npon its duties the senate had under consideration a treaty providing for the annexation ef the Hawaiian islands to the territory of the United States. Surely under our constitution and laws tho enlargement of our limits is a manifestation of the.highest attribute of sovereignty, and if entered upon us an executive act. all things relating to the transaction should be clear and j . free from suspicion.

WHY THE TREATY WAS RECALLED. ^Additional importance is attached to this pe- * collar treaty of annexation, because it contemplated a departure from unt>roken American tradition in providing for the addition to 4Hir territory of islands of the sea more thau S.0 *0 miles removed from our nearest coast. These considerations might not of them-, -uelves call for interference with the completion of a treaty entered .upon by a previous administration. but it appeared from the documents accompanying the treaty when submitted to the senate, that the ownership of Hawaii was tendered to us by the provisional ^government, set up to succeed the constitutional ruler of the islands, who had been dethroned, and it did not appear that such provisional government had the sanction or either popular revolution or suffrage. Two other remarkable features of the transaction naturally attracted attention. One was the extraordinary haste—not to say precipitancy—characterizing all the'transaetions connected with the treaty. It appeared that a so-called committee of safety, ostensibly the source of the revolt against tho constitutional government of Hawaii. was organized on Saturday, the 14th day of January, that on Monday, the 16th, tho United States forces were lauded at Honolulu from a naval vessel'then lying in its harbor; that on the 17th the scheme of a provisional government was perfected, and a proclamation naming its officers was on the same day prepared and read at the government buildings; that Immediately thereon tho United States minister rec- ; iS weoguizcd the provisional government thus •ted; that two days afterward, on the 19th day of January, commissioners representing such government sailed for this country in a steamer •specially chartered for the occasion, arriving la San Francisco on the 28th day of January •ad In Washington oit the 3d day of February, that next day they had their lirst interview with the secretary of state ifnd another on the 11th. when the treaty annexing the islands was practically agreed upon, and that on the 14th it was formally concluded and on tha 15th transmitted to the senate. Thus between the initiation of the scheme for a provisional government in Hawaii on the 14th of January and the submission to thefcenate of the treaty otannexation concluded with such government, tofc entire interval was thir-ty-two days, tifteen or which were spent by the Hawaiian commissioners in their journey to Washington. In the next place, upon the face of the paper •ubinitted with the treaty, it clearly appeared that there was open and undetermined an* is«ue of the most vital importance. The message •f the president accompanying the treaty declared that “the overthrow of the monachy was uot^in any way promoted by this government,” hnd in a tetter to the president from *he secretary of state, also submitted io the tMuxale With the treaty, the following passage occurred: 4*At the time the provisional government took possession of4the government buildings, no troops or officers of the United States were preseut or took any part whatever in the proceedings. No public recognition was aocorded to the provisional government by the United States minister until after the queen's abdica^, tiou, and when they wer6 in^ effective posses'«ion of the government buildings, the archives, •lie treasury, the barracks, the police station nnd all the potential machinery of the government.” But a protest also accompanied said treaty, .•igned by the queen and her ministers at the *&me she made way for the provisional gov•ecuinent, which explicitly stated that she >yielded to the superior force of* the United States, whose minister had caused United .'States troops to be landed at Honolulu and declared that he would support such provisional Roverument « The truth or falsity of this protest was surely of tho first importance, If true, nothing tout the concealment of its truth could induce -our government to negotiate with the semblance of a government thus created, nor could • treaty resulting from the acts stated in the protest have been krfbwingly-deemed worthy of consideration in the senate. Yet the^ruth or falsity of the protest had not been investigated.

BLOUNT'S MISSION AND ITS KESUI.Ta * 1 conceived it to be my duty, therefore: to -withdraw the treaty from the senate for examination, and meanwhile to cause on accurate, full and impartial investigation to be made «f the facts attending the subversion of the constitutional government of Hawaii and the installment in the place of the provisional government. I selected for the work of" Investigation the Hon. James H. Blonnt, <Sf •Georgia, whose service of eighteen years tvs a member of the house of representatives, and whose experience as chairman of the committee on foreign affairs in that body and his con-" sequent familiarity with international topios," Joined with his high character and honorable reputation, seemed to render him peculiarly Btted for the duties intrusted to him. His report detailing his action uudqr the instructions given to him. and the conclusions derived from his investigation accompany this mes**$hese conclusions do not restW their aoceptsfioe entirely upon Mr. BlountV-honesty and , Ability as a man. nor upon his acumen and imI partiality as an investigator. They are accompanied by the evidence upon which they are Based, which evidence is also herewith transmitted, and from which it seems to me no other deductions could possibly be reached jthan.those arrived at by the commissioner. 'The report with its accompanying proofs 'awnid such other evidence as is now before the -Congress or is herewith submitted, justify in my opinion the statement that when the president was led to submit tbe treaty to the senate, with the declaration that"the overthrow of the monarchy was not in any way promoted by this government,” and when the senate was induced to receive and discuss it on that basis, both president and senate were misled. The attempt will not be made in this communication to touch upon all the facts which throw light vpon the progress and consumma- . tion of this scheme of annexation. A very brief and imp"rfect reference to the facts and -evidences at hand will exhibit its character and the incidents in which it had its birth. STEVENS PREPARED THE WAY. It is unnecessary to set forth the reason • which, in January. 1893. led a considerable portion of American and other foreign merchants ud traders restding at Honolulu to fayor the -annexation of Hawaii to the United States. It is sufHoiont to note the fact and to oosorve that the project was one which was zealously prompted b.v the minister then representing •the United States in that couutry. He evidently had an ardent desire that it should become a fact accomplished by his agency and during his ministry, and was not inoonvenient•ly unscrupulous as to the means employed to that end. On November 19, 1893, nearly two months before the Urst evert aot tending toward the subversion of the Hawaiian government the attempted transfer of Hawaiian terri

tory to the United Stoves, ha addressed a Ions letter to the secretary or state, in which the case for annexation was elaborately argued on moral, political and economical grounds. He refers to the loss of the Hawaiian sugar interests from the operation of the McKinley bill, and the teudency to still further depreciation of sugar property unless some positive measure of relief was granted. He strongly inveighs against the existing Hawaiiau government, and emphatically declares for annexation. He says: “In truth the monarchy here is an absurd anachronism. It has nothing on which it logically or legitimately stands. The feudal basis on wuich it once stood no longer exi iting. the monarchy now is only an impediment to good goyernment-*an obstruction to the prosperity and progress of the islands.’' He further says: “Asa crown colony of Great Britaiu or a territory of the United States, the government moditications could be made readily, and good administration of the law' secured. Destiny and the vast future interests of the United States in the Pacific clearly indicate who at a distant day may be responsible for the government of these islands. Under a territorial government they could be as easily governed as any of the existing territories of the United States. “Hawaii has reaeh'ed the parting of the ways. She must now take |he road which loads to Asm or {he other which outlets her in America j^ives her an American civilifealion and binds her to tlie care of American destiny.” He also declares: ‘ One of two courses seems to me absolutely necessary to be followed, either bold and vigorous measures for auuexation or a 'customs union' and ocean cable from the California cqast to Honolulu. Pearl harbor perpetually ceded to the United States with an implied but not expressly stipulated American protectorate over the islands. I believe the former to bo the better, that , which will prove the more advantageous tp the Islands and the cheapest and least embarrassing in the cud to the United States. If it was j wise for the United States through Secretary Marcey, thirty-eight years ago. to offer to expend jMOi.OOO to secure a treaty of annexation, it certainly can not be cnumerical or unwise to expend lluO.OOO to secure annexation in the near future. To-day the United i States has live times the wealth she possessed in 1854, and reasons now existing for annexation are much stronger than they were then. I can not refrain from expressing the opinion with emphasis, that the golden hour is near at hand.” These declarations certainly show a disposition and condition of mind which may be usefully recalled when interpreting the significance of the minister's concerted acts, or when considering the probabilities of such conduct on his part as may not be admitted. In this view it seems proper to also quote a letter written by the minister to the secretary of state on March 3. 1892, nearly a year prior to the first step taken toward annexation. After stutiug the possibility that the existing government of Hawaii might be overturned by an orderly and peaceful revolution. Minister Stevens writes as follows: “Ordinarily in like circumstances the rule seems to bo to limit the landing and movement of the United States forces in foreign waters and dominion exclusively t.o the protection of the United States legation and of the lives and propertyS>f American citizens, liut as the relations of the United States to Hawaii are exceptional, and in former years the United States otficiais here took somewhat exceptional action in circumstances of disorder. I desire to know how fur the present minister and naval commander may deviate from established international rules and precedents in contingencies indicated in the first part of this dispatch. ' To a minister of this tenper, full of zeal for annexation, there seemed to arise in January, 1893, the precise opportunity for which he was watchfully waiting-—an opportunity which by timely deviation from established international rules j>ud precedents might tie improved to successfully accomplish the great object in view; and we are quite prepared for the exultant enthusiasm with which a letter to£h© state department dated February 1, 1893. he declares “the Hawaiian pear is how fully ripe and this is the golden hour for the United States to pluck it.”

TUB niUlUUlVKAXfi rKUtLAl.MEU. As a further illustration of the activity of the diplomatic representative, attention is called to the fact thuton the day the above letter was written,tunable longer to restrain his ardor, he issued a proclamation whereby “in the name of the United States," he assumed the protection of the Hawaiian islands and declared that said action was “taken pending and subject to negotiations at Washington." Of course this assumption Of a protectorate v as promptly disavowed by our government, but the American flag remained over the government building at Honolulu, and the forces remained on guard until April, and after Mr. Blount's arrival, and he knew when both were removed. A renewed statement of the occurrences that ! led to ttie subversion of the constitutional gove/nmentjof £iawaii. in the interests of annexation to the United States, will exhibit the true complexion of that transaction. Saturday, January 14, 1893, the queen of Hawaii, who had been contemplating the proclamation of a new constitution, had, in deference to the wishes and remonstrances of her cabinet, renounced the project for the present; at least, 'linking this relinquished purpose as a basis of action* citizens of Honolulu. numbering from • fifty to one hundred, mostly resident aliens, met in a private office and elected a so-called committee of safety, composed of thirteen persons, seven of whom were foreign subjects, and consisted 6t five Americans, one Englishman and one German. This committee, though its designs were not revealed, had in view nothing less than annexation to the United States, and between Saturday, the 14th. and the following Monday, the 16th of January, though exactly what action was taken may not be clearly disclosed. they were certainly in communication with the United States minister. On Monday morning the queen and her cabinet made public proclamation with a notice which was specially served upon the representative of all foreign governments that any changes in the constitution would be sought only in the methods , provided by that instrument. Nevertheless, at the call and under the auspices of the committee or safety;" a mass-meeting of citizens was held on that day to protest against the queen's alleged illegal and unlawful proceeding^ and purposes. Even at this meeting the committee of safety continued to disguise their real purpose, and contented themselves with procuring the passage of a resolution denouncing the queen and empowering the committee to provide ways and means to secure the permanent maintenance of law and order, and the protection of life, liberty and property in Hawaii. THE APPEAL TO MINISTER STEVENS, This meeting adjourned* between 3 and 4 o’clock in the afternoon. On the same day and immediately after such adjournment, the committee, unwilling to take further steps without the co-operation of the United States minister, addressed him a note representing that the public safety was menaced and that lives and property were in danger and concluded as follows: “We are unable to protect ourselves without aid, and therefore pray for the protection of the United States forces." On the 16th day 6f January, 1893, between 4 and 5 o'clock in the afternoon, a detachment of marines from the United States steamer Bos- ; ion, with two pieces of artillery, landed at Honolulu. The men. upwards of 150 in all, were supplied with double cartridge-belts filled with ammunition. This military demonstration upon the soil of Honolulu was of Hself an act of war, unless made either with the consent of the government of Hawaii, or for the bona fide purpose of protecting imperiled lives and property of citizens of the United States. But there is no pretense of any such consent on the part of the government of the queen, which at that time was undisputed and was both the de facto and the de jure government. There is as little basis for the pretense that such forces were landed for the security of American life and property. If so they would have been stationed | in the vicinity of s*uch property, and so as to proteot it instead of at a distance, and so as to i command the' Hawaiian government building | and palace.

WHOLLY WITHOUT J USTIFlb\4T10K. Thus it appears that Hawaii was taken possession ot by the U nited States forces without the consent or wish of the government of the Islands or ef any body else so far as shown, except bv the United states mtntster. Therefore the military occupation of Honolulu by the United States on the day mentioned was wholly without justification either as an occupation by consent or as an occupation necessitated by dangers threatening American life and property. The United States forces being now on the scene and favorably stationed, the committee of safety proceeded to carry out their original scheme. They met the next morning (Tuesday, the 17th) and perfected the plan of temporary government. Between 1 and 2 o’clook they proceeded to the goverment building to proclaim the new government. No sign of opposition was manifest, and thereupon an American citlxen read the proclamation from the steps of the government building almost entirely without auditors. The one controlling factor in the whole allair was unquestionably the United States marines, who. drawn up under arms and with artillery in readiness only seventy-five yards distant, dominated the situatlon. The provisional government thus proclaimed was. by the terms of the proclamation, “to exist until terms of union with the United States had been negotiated and ogTeed upon.” The United States minister, pursuant to prior agreement, recognised this government within an hour after the reading of the proclamation, and before & o'clock, in answer to an inquiry on

behalf of the queen and her cabinet, announced that he had done so. KEITHS* DE FAGTO NOR DK JURE. When our minister recognize i the proTlsional government the only basis upon which it rested was tne fact that the committee of safety had, in the manner above stated, declared it to exist. It was neither a government de facto nor de jure. That it was not in such possession of the government property and agencies as entitled it to recognition, is conclusively proved by a note found in the tiles of the legation at Honolulu ' addressed by the declared head of the provisional government to Minister Steveus, uated January 17, in which he acknowledges with expressions of appreciation the ministers recognition of the provisional government, and states that it is not yet in the possession of the station house (the place where a large number of the queen's troops wefe quartered), though the same had been ' demanded of the queen's officers in charge. Nevertheless this wrongful recognition by our minister placed the government of the queen in a position of most perilous perplexity. She knew that she could uot withstand the power of the United States, but she believed that she might safely trust to-its justice. Accordingly some'hours after the recognition of the provisional government by tho United States miuister. the palace, the barracks and the police statiou. with all the military resources of the country, were delivered up by the queen upon the representation made to her that her cause would thereafter be reviewed at Washington, and while protesting that she surrendered to tne superior force of the United States, whose minister had caused. Uuited States troops to be landed at Honolulu aud declared that he would support the provisional government, and that she yielded her authority to prevent collision of armed forces and loss of life, ana only until such tim3 as the United States, upon the facts being represented to it, should undo the action of its representative and reinstate her in the authority she claimed as the constitutional sovereign of the Hawaiian islands. The provisional government with this unanswered protest in its hand hastened to negotiate with tho United States for th® permanent banishment of the queeu from the power and for a sale of her kingdom I believe that a candid and thorough examination of the facts will force the conviction that th® provisional government owes its existence to an armed invasion by the United States. THE CONDITIONS AS TRET STAND. As I apprehend the situation, we are brought face to face with the following conditions: The lawful government of Hawaii was overthrown without the drawing of a sword or the tiring of a shot: by a process, every step of which, it may safely lie asserted, is directly traceable to and dependent for its success upon the agency of the United States, acting through its diplomatic and naval representatives. a But for tho notorious predilections of tha United States minister for annexation, the committee of safety, which should be called the committee of annexation,nvouid ueverhave existed. But for the landing of the United States forces upon false pretexts respecting the danger to life and property, the committee would never have exposed themselves to -ttje pains and penalties of treason by undertaking the subversion of the queen's government. But for the presence of the United States forces in the immediate vicinity and in position to afford all needed protection and support, the committee would not have: pVcclairaed the provisional government from the steps of the gov

eminent bimmng. Finally, but for the lawless occupation of Honolulu under false pretexts by the United States forces, and but tor. Minister Stevens’ ‘recognition of the provisional government when the United States forces were its sole support and constituted its only military strength, the queen and her government would nevet have yielded to the"provisional government, even for a time and for the sole purpose of submitting her case to tho enlightened justice of the United States. * THE TREATY WILn NOT BE RESUBMITTED. Believing, therefore, that the United States could not, uuder the circumstances disclosed, annex the islands without justly incurring th« imputation of acquiring them by unjustifiable methods, I shall not again submit the treaty of annexation to tho senate for its consideration, and iu the instructions to Minister Willis. a copy of which accompanies this message, Itoave directed him to so inform the provisional government. But in the present instance our duty does not, in my opinion, end with refusing to consummate this questionable transaction. It has bffen the boast of our government that it seeks to do justice in all things without regard to the strength or weakness of those with whom it deals. By an act of war. committed with the participation of a diplomatic representative of the United States, and without authority of congress, the government of a feeble but friendly andtcontiding people has been overthrown. A substantial wrong has thus been done which a due regard for our national character as well as the rights of the injured people requires we should endeavor to repair. The provisional government has not assumed a republican or other constitutional form, but lias remained a mere executive council or oligarchy, set up without the assent of the people. It has not sought to find a permanent basis of popular support and has given no evidence of an intention to do so. Indeed, the representatives of that government assert that the people of Hawaii are untit for popular government and frankly avow that they can be best ruled by arbitrary or despotic power. reparation the only course. The United States can not properly be put in the position of countenancing a wrong after its commission any more than in that of consenting to it in advance. On that ground it can not allow itself to reruse to redress an injury inflicted through an abuse of power by offloers clothed with its authority and wearing its uniform: and on the same ground, if a feeble but friendly state is in danger of being robbed of its independence and its sovereignty by misuse of the name and power of the United States, the United States can not fail to vindicate its honor and its sense of justice by an earnest effort to make all possible reparation.

In the belief that the queen, as well as her enemies, would be willing to adopt such a course as would meet the prevailing conditions, and in view of the fact that both the queen and the provisional government hod at one ttmo apparently acquiesced in a reference of the entire case to the. United States government, and considering the further fact that in any event the provisional goverunient by it own declared limitation was only to exist until teims of union with the United States of America have been negotiated and agreed upon. I hoped that after the assurance to the members of that government that such uniou could not be consummated I might compass a peaceful adjustment of the difttculty. Actuated by those desires and purposes, and not unmindful of the inherent perplexities of the situation nor of the limitations of my power, I instructed Minister Willis to advise the queen and her supporters of my desire to aid in the restoration of the status existing before the lawless landing of the United States forces at Honolulu on the 16th of Jauuary last, if such restoration could bo effected upon terms providing for clemency as well as justice to ail parties concerned. I CONDITIONS SUGGESTED. The conditions suggested, as the instructions show, contemplate a general amnesty to those concerned in setting up the provisional government, and a recognition of all its bona tide acts and obligations. In short, they require that the past should be buried, and that the restored government should resume its authority as if its continuity had not been interrupted. These conditions have not proved acceptable to the queen, and though she has been informed that they will be insisted upon, and that, unless acceded to, the elforts of the president to aid in the restoration of her government will cease. I have not thus far learned that she is willing to yield them her acquiescence. The cheek which mv plans have thus encountered has prevented their presentation to the provisional government, while unfavorable publio misrepresentations of the situation and exaggerated statements of the sentiments of our people have obviously injured the prospects of successful executive mediation. I therefore submit this communication irith its accompanying exhibits, embracing Mr. Blount's report, the evidence and statements taken by him at Honolulu, the instructions givon to both Mr. Blount and Minister Willis, and correspondence connected with lb— affair in hand. ^ > In commending this subject to the er'pnded powers and wide discretion of congress, I desire to add the assurance that I shall be much gratified to co-operate in any legislative plah which may be devised for the solution of the problem before us which.- is consistent with American honor, integrity and morality. [Signed! Grover Cleveland. Executive Mansion, Washington, D. C, Dec. 18,1883.

Abstract oi Instructions Given minister Willis. Washington, Dec. 18.—The material points contained in Secretary Gresham’s letter to Minister Willis, October 18, are as follows: The provisional government was not established by the Hawaiian people or with their consent. The queen refused to surrender her powers to the provisional government until convinced that the minister of the United States had it recognised as the de facto authority and would support and defend it with

the military forces of tlM United State*, end that resistance would precipitate a bloody conflict with that force. She was advistd and assured by her ministers, and by the leaders of the movement of the overthrow of her government. that if she surrendered her case vould be afterward fairly considered by the presklent of the United States. The queen wisely yielded to the armed forces of the United States at Honolulu, relying upon the good faith and honor of the president, when informed of what had occurred, to undo the action of the ministers and reinstate her and her authority, which she claimed as constitutional sovereign of the Hawaiian islands. The president is satisfied that the movement against the queen, if not instigated, was encouraged and supported by tbt» representative of this government at Honolulu; that he promised in advance to aid her enemies to set up a new government, and that lie kept this promise by causing a detachment of troops to be landed from the United States ship Boston, aud by recognizing the provisional government the next day wheu it was too feeble to defend itself, and that the constitutional government was able successfully to maintain its authority against any threat *ninjf force other than that of the United States already landed. The president has therefore determined that he will not seild back to the senate for its action thereon the treaty which he has withdrawn from that body for further consideration on the 9th of March last. On your arrival at Honolulu you will take advantage of an early opportunity to inform the queen,of this determination, making known to her the president's regfct that the reprehensible conduct of the American miniver aud the unauthorized presence on land of the military force of tho United States obliged her to surrender her sovereignty for the time being, and to roly upon the justice of this government to undo the flagrant wrong done to her. You will at the same time inform the queen that when reinstated the president expects that she will pursue a magnanimous course by granting full amnesty to all who participated in the movement against her. including the persons who are, or have been, officially or otherwise connected with the provisional government. depriving them of no right or privilege enjoyed before the so-called revolution. All obligations created by the provisional government in due course of administration should be assumed. Having secured the queen s agreement to pursue this wise and humane policy, which it is believed will be speedily obtained. you will then advise the president of the provisional government and his ministers of the president's determination of the question which their action and that of the queen devolved upon him. and that they are expected to relinquish to her promptly her constitutional authority. * Should the queen decline to pursue the liberal course suggested, or should the provisional ’ govermhent refuse to abide by the president’s direction, you will report the facts and await further instructions.

Transcaspian Cotton. The production of cotton is rapidly increasing in quantity in the transcaspian provinces of Russia. Last year as many as 73,565 tonss of raw cotton were transported across the Caspian to Baku, and thence by the Transcaucasian railway to Batoum and Poti. After reshipment at these places the cotton was conveyed to Odessa and Sebastopol, and thence to the weaving mills at Lodz, Warsaw and those in the Moscow district. It being cheaper than either American or Egyptian cotton, which pays a very heavy import duty, it may be that in a few years, when the cotton crop of the transeaspian provinces will suffice to furnish the raw material required by Russian mills American cotton will cease to be bought n Russia.—N. Y. Sun. • ; —Middletown, Bel., was left by the shifting of the peach belt with 1,506 inhabitants and no one considerable business interest, so a few men of the place got together $3,000, built the plant of a shirt factorj*, and turned it over rent free to a large concern in a neighboring city. The factory now, at the end of two years, is turning out 600 dozen shirts a week, enough to clothe every man in town many times over, and employing at wages varying from $3.50 to $10 per week, eighty young women, or more than five per cent, of the population. The concern to which the plant was turned over takes the entire product and pays out in wages $S5,000 annually. Is'early all the employes are persons who heretofore have earned nothing. The factory is about to be extended, and the concern operating it will pay for the extension rent equal to the interest on the original investment. The shirt factory is the pet of the place, and when anyone of the prosperous citizens who started the concern meets one of the factory girls on the street, he takes off his hat with the same elaborate courtesy he would show to his neighbor’s wife. —That typical Arizona town, Yuma, will probably soon be lifted from Arizona into California, where, it is claimed, it has always rightly belonged. Up to about fifteen years ago the point was often contended between the local authorities both sides the disputed line, but since the arrest in 1S77, by the Arizona authorities of a San Diego (Cal.) tax collector who tried to collect taxes in Yuma, the question has been dropped. The land . office authorities have always evaded the question. Not long ago William Hydks was indicted by the federal grahd jury for selling liquor to Indians in Yuma. He denies the jurisdiction of the court to try his case, citing the authority of the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo, and the recent reports of tlia international boundary commission, to show that Yuma is in California. It is thought out there that Hycks may win his case, and that the town will soon be Yuma, CaL, instead of Yuma, Ariz.

—The-few steamboatmen on the upper Columbia river, in eastern Washington, and others acquainted with the stream, express grave doubts of its ever becoming a safe and certain highway, although enthusiastic residents of that region count much on its utilization as a means of transportation for the development of ,the country. The principal trouble is in its erratic changes of course, its rise and fall, and its shifting banks. The boats of one company navigating the river between Wenatchee and the Okanogan river are constantly meeting with mishaps, owing to the difficulties of navigation. —Miss Sarah Brown, the only unmarried daughter of John Brown, of Harper’s Ferry, is visiting her friends in Massachusetts. Her sister Annie (Mrs, Adams) lives at Petrolit, Cal., with her children; her sister, Ruth Thompson, and her brother Jason in Pasadeha, while her brother Salmon has migrated from northern California. John Brown Jr. still resides at Put-in-Bay Island, 0., and a sister of, his father (Mrs. Hand) lives at WeUington, 0. ' _^ —The first map ever seen in England was brought there by Bartholomew Columbus, the brother of Christopher.

INDIANA STATE NEWS. Five fire* were started simultaneous, ly in different parts of Indianapolis by crossed electric light wires. Isone were serious. t The federal grand jury will report seren indictments in the Indianapolis National bank cases. Rev. A. A, Pfaxstiehi., of Shelbyville, has accepted a call to the Second. Presbyterian chjarch of Lafayette. Ax election for the choice of postmaster at Danville resulted in Robert Wade winning by a large majority. At Portland Jennie Osborn applied for a divorce from her husband, John Osborn, alleging that he refused to live with her and called her-a fooL The officials of the Michigan division of the Big Four road have been greatly annoyed for some time by sneak thieves ■ stealing from freight cars. The other night they secured the services of the marshal of Warsaw and succeeded in lauding three of the thieves, named Elmer Alford, Johnson Alford and John Aller, in jail. A considerable amount of goods was recovered, consisting of flour, cigars and holiday goods. At Danville a charity mission has been organized for the relief of the destitute poor at Winamae. Dr. Jos. A. Baker, aged 85, was run down by a Big Four freight train and killed at Lafayette. The 16-vear-old daughter of Mrs. Lee Pettijohn, of Roanoke, Mo., and who disappeared at the World's fair, was found at Indianapolis and returned to her home. Chas. Gifford, local collector for the Artificial Gas Co., at Peru, was found dead by his wife who went to the office to call him to breakfast. The entire family of Wm. Rissell was poisoned at Moore's Hill by drinking coffee that had been ground in a mill that had been used for grinding up som& jimson stalks for a sick horse. Deathly sick, but now out of danger.

David Stout, a farmer living- near Indianapolis, thought a hole in the ground in his cellar was a safer place for his gold than a bank, and now he mourns the loss of $10,000. L. .A. Smart, principal of the Windfall public schools, was arrested the other day charged with committing assault and battery upon the person of Clifford Clark, a 13-year-old scholar. A decision of far-reaching importance has been handed down by the supreme court of this state. Mrs. Mary Haggard owned a residence on College street, Indianapolis. John Steplin bought a lot adjoining and erected a building in which he opened a saloon, having secured a license according to the provisions of the statutes. Mrs. Haggard applied to the county commissioners to have the place closed, claiming it damaged her property. They decided that she had no remedy which they could grant. The ease then went to the circuit court where it was decided that, if adjacent property was damaged by the presence of a saloon, it was such damage that did not lay the saloonkeeper liable. On an appeal to the supreme court the decision was sustained. Recently the court granted a new hearing to Mrs. Haggard with,* the result that it reversed itself on every point previously decided. The court held substantially that, while the law licenses saloons, the law can not establish and maintain that which is admitted to be hurtful to the property of a citizen unless it can be shown that the general public is benefited, and the injury is lost sight of in that greater good. If the saloon causes property to depreciate in Value it is a nuisance within the law and can be abated. Not only 'that, but the person who operates the saloon is liable in damages to the injured party, and the measure of damages is the measure of injury to the property. The license law, says the court, is constitutional, but it was not the intention of the legislature to put the sSle of intoxicants above the rights of the citizen and compel him to bear with a nuisance, and to suffer loss in order for the saloon to exist! In commenting upon the case the court further declares that the business of the saloon is immoral, and it is for this very reason that it is licensed, that the law may afford the citizen protection against the greater evils that would result from its unrestrained sale. Linwooj) has organized a horse-thief protective association. Pool and billiard tables are now taxed $10 per annum at South Bend. The Wabash college trustees met , at Crawfordsville, and decided to add another course, to be known as the liter-ary-philosophical. The exact amount stolen from the National bank. South Bend, by the daylight robbers December 7 is ascertained to be $15,000. !

The wool growers of Wabash county are greatly alarmed at the prospect cf the removal of the duty on wool as provided in the Wilson bill, and, without regard to party affiliations, will take, steps to enter an emphatic protest Messrs. J. K. Haas and Ben Wolf, leading democrats, and among /the largest wool growers in the county, together with Hon. C. Cowgill and J. W. Busick, have issued a call to the sheep owners to meet at the courthouse in Wabash, on December 28, to formulate a protest which will be forwarded to the Indiana members of congress. The call, as published, sets out that the adoption of the Wilson measure means the destruction of the wool growing industry, representing an investment of $200,000,000. Daniel Boswell’s little child was accidentally scalded to death in a tub at Huntington. | The marshal of Bed Key;’while walking along the tracks of the Panhandle ^railroad, saw a package lying near the lend of the ties. He examined it and found it to be the body of an infant jwrapped in paper. It was frozen. It ihad evidently been thrown from a passing train. John Piersol, of North New Jersey, street, Indianapolis, reported to the coroner that while walking along the bank of Fall creek, near Meridan street, he had found a box containing the bodies of two infants.

Catarrh in the Head “For the past nine rears my bead and nasal pass* aces have been clogged up, and In consequence I was unable to breathe through my nose. My breath became very bad and offensive. Powders and medi* clnes we:ensetessand 1 was discouraged. 1 had read considerable about the good being donife by Moodt Hood’s^Cures Sarsaparilla and decided to give It atrial. Iliad not taken more than one bottle before 1 began tc feel benefit and after taking two bottles my expectations were realised. Its effects have been wonderful for I feel like a new man.” A. H. SMITH,W North Twelfth St. Be sure to get Hood’a. Hood’8 Pills are purely vegetable, and do not purge, pain or gripe. Sold bv all druggists.

M¥E CANNOT SPARE healthy flesh — nature never burdens the body with * too much sound flesh. Loss of flesh usually indicates poor assimilation, which causes the loss of the best that’s in food, the fat-forming element. Scott’s Emulsion of pure cod liver oil with hypophosphites contains the very essence of all foods. In no other form can so much nutrition be taken and assimilated. Its range of usefulness has no limitation where weakness exists. Prepared by Scott A Bowno. Chemist*, New York. Sold by all druggists. “German Syrup” My niece, Emeline Hawley, was, taken with spitting blood, and she became very much alarmed, fearing that dreaded disease, Consumption. She tried nearly all kinds of medicine but nothing did her any good. Finally She took German Syrup and she told me it did her more good than anything she ever tried. It stopped the blood, gave hef strength and ease, and a good appetite. I had it from her own lips. Mrs. Mary A. Stacey, Trumbull, Conn. Honor to German Syrup. @

A _W RtR. .WRITE-. •6-JSA. c.PATftoRE\TQ / £qutsviu:e jcr. ELY’8 Catarrh

CREAM BALM Cleanses tbe Nasal Passages, Allays Pain and Inflammation, Heals tbe Sores. Restores tbe ‘ Senses of Taste and Smell.

TRY THE cube. HAY" FEVER A particle Is applied Into each nostril and It agreeable. Price aO cents at Druggists or by malL ELY BROTHERS, « Warren St., New York. “It will all come out in the wash,” if you use PCEflillC,

1,000,000 Com-'Ant In Ulmuaou.

ACRES OF LAND for sale by the Sanrr Paul Jt Duluth Raxlboad Send fox Haps and Ctrcu

Jar*. xney ttui be sent to you Address HOPEWELL CLARKE, Land Commissioner, 81. Paul, Minn. CURES RISING BREAST «i MOTHER’S FRIEND" offered child-bearing woman. I have been a mid-wife for many years, and in each cam where “Mother’s Friend” had beenosed it has accomplished wonders and relieved much Buffering. It is the best remedy for rising of the breast known, and worth the price for that •lone. Mbs. 11. M. Brcster, Montgomery, Ate. Sent by express, chargee prepaid, on receipt of price, *1J50 per bottle. BRADF1ELD REGULATOR CO., fold by all druggist*. Axuuna, Oft.