Pike County Democrat, Volume 24, Number 11, Petersburg, Pike County, 4 August 1893 — Page 7

THE SUGAR KING. »rn Be Damned If We Will Do It,” "Say» the Sugar Kins to Hi* Slave*. Who Ask to be Delivered From a Burning Hell. The terrible power of the trust* to oppress labor is just-now illustrated by the strike in the Havemeyer A Elder refinery, the. largest refinery in the sugar'trust—and that means largest in the wprld. When a trust gains full control of an industry and can, by the aid of a protective tariff, control production and prices, as does the sugar trust, not only must the consumer suffer from extortion; the wtfrkingmen, also, find themselves subject to the tyranny of an almost omnipotent organization. Theoretically the laborer" is still a free man, but if he knows only one occupation he is practically a slave, for there being no competition for his labor he must sell it for whatever the almighty at the head of the trust is willing to pay. The other alternative is starvation for himself and family.

i ne neat in me rooms wncre sugar is melted becomes intense in summer. The unusual heat in which men ard required to work and the small pay allowed them by the trust for their services and risks has driven nearly all Americans out of the refineries. Those employed now are mostly Huns, Poles and Italians, m^ny of mem brought over under contract to work at low wages and to displace the Americans at work in this protected American Industry. Over 2,000 are employed in the great Havemeyer & Elder refinery in Brooklyn. During the excessive heat of last summer the rooms in this refinery approached so nearly to an earthly hades that several hundred laborers were taken from the rooms more dead than alive. It is said that twenty-four could not be resuscitated. If there had been other important refineries not in the hands of the trust, the laborers could have thrown up their jobs individually or struck together, with fair prospects of obtaining employment elsewhere, or of a successful termination of the strike. But as they had to deal with a sugar king, whose word was law in all the refineries of the land, they must either submit to the heat and oppression or see their families starve. They submitted. This year, with the renewal of last year’s conditions—rooms heated to 150 degrees, strong men fainting, ambulances hurrying back and forth from hospitals to the refinery, deaths and funerals the Chief topics of conversation—the laborers naturally begin to think of means of improving their hard lot. The 102 firemen and their helpers who are getting $2.20 a day for twelve hours continuous work, timidly approach the sugar king, tell him of their tgrrible experience last year, remind him'that while they are kept at most severe work for twelvh hours they get less wages than firemen and boilermen on steamships who are only four hours on and eight hours off, and then ask that their hours be reduced from twelve to eight. They say that for this concession they are willing to work four boilers instead of three, as now. The king, who is dressed in a lightcolored summer suit and who is making $2,000,000 a month clear profit, for his loyal faihily, takes his cigar out of his mouth and informs his intruders that it would cost him $40,000 per month to grant their request, and adds, as the impudence of their proposition dawns upon him, “I’ll be damned if we will do it.” “Then,” said Mr. Lyons, the foreman of the committee, “if we were willing to work for 50 cents for eight hours you would not allow it?” “No, I would not,” said the king.— B. W. H.

Mr. Lyons then explains the special reasons for their regnest: “The men cannot work twelve hoars a day during warm weather,” he says. “Last summer, when 500 men were carried from the works, overcome by heat, and there were several dozen deaths, we were told that it was time to strike. But we did pot do it because we considered we would be taking you at a disadvantage. Now when we come to you to save us from a repetition of that experience, you say: ‘I’ll be damned1 if I <%).’” The king is immovable, and as the committee leave the office orders the superintendent to “shut down the misers and call up the police.” The committee turns and tells him that, “we are not going to give- you any trouble; we resign; we do not strike.” The great potentate, however, who can purchase legislation and who thinks the occasion a good one to display his police force, has his refinery surrounded by blue coats for several days. ^Ie announces that it is a particularly fortunate time for a strike, as the tigist has enough refined sugar ahead to last three months an® that the depressed production due to the strike will sustain prices. ’ , The men have been out less than two weeks, but their poverty and helplessness is fast making them willing to again submit their bodies to the burning heat and to the tyranny of their former masters before their places are filled by more submissive, if not fireproof, slaves imported for the occasion. Great is protection and great is the trust king! THE BEST. Ad Vidorem Far Preferable to Specific Duties The One Jut, the Other tnjut. Since the special committee of the Reform elub made public the proposed tariff bill which it had drafted, thousands of criticisms have been made, mostly by republican papers, on the ad valorem system of duties which were adopted by the committee to the exclusion of specific duties. Many importers and manufacturers also wrote private letters to the chairman of the committee, Mr. E. Ellery Anderson, stating that the ad valorem system would lead to undervaluation and fraud, and would put a premium upon dishonesty. These were severe criticisms, and criticisms that the committee expected to receite, even in greater numbers and in stronger language than has ^followed. Nevertheless, at their meeting on June 26 they again went over all ihe ground and conaidared thoroughly all of the objection*

urged against ad valorem duties. Aft before, they came to the conclusion that ad valorem- duties are always preferable to specific duties. They, however, announced that in a few cases where the difficulty of detecting undervaluation was great the ad valorem system should be subject to administrative provisions which should meet the objections urged. The conclusion of this committee, which contains several of the greatest tariff experts in this country w will go far to compel the adoption of this system by the next congress. Many of the great democratic leaders, who may be responsible for the next tariff bill, have also declared themselves unqualifiedly in favor of ad valorem duties. Secretary Carlisle, William L. Wilson and William M. Springer are a few of those mentioned. Briefly stated the objections against specific duties are:

1. They tax by the yard, pound or gallon, and compel the poor who use of cheap goods to pay as much taxes, and a higher rate, than is paid by the rich, who use dear goods. It taxes cloth that costs 50 cents per yard the same as cloth that costs $5 per yard. It is equivalent to taxing land by the acre, in which case the owner of an acre of Kansas prairie would pay the same taxes as the owner of an acre on Manhattan island. The injustice of such a system is so great that a worse system is inconceivable. 2. They increase the rate of tax as prices of articles decline, and thus prevent the consumer from getting the benefit of falling prices, and at the same time yield an increasing amount of protection to manufacturers. 8. They are more easily juggled with by manufacturers and tariff makers who wish to deceive the people Nearly all the numerous "jobs” in the McKinley bill would have been impossible without the aid of specific duties. Thus, if McKinley, instead of adding “2>a cents per line” to the ad valorem duty of 25 per cent, on pearl buttons had proposed to add a duty of 500 per cent, on small buttons, his proposition -qrould never have gotten outside of his committee room. And yet this is what his bill accomplished. Ad valorem duties, especially when high, do encourage undervaluation and discourage honest importers. They are also not always as convenient for the importer and the collector. But the slight inconvenience and injustice to these few cannot be set up against the gross injustice that would be done to the whole people by the use of specifio duties. _ AN INCOME TAX. Why a T»J[ I poll Large Incomes Is Necessary In This Country. The Chicago Tribune argues that Great Britain has an income tax because it is not a matter of choice, but of imperative necessity. Free trade and heavp military expenses make it necessary. The same line of argument will fit the situation in this country. The new democratic administration is pledged to reduce the tariff to a free trade basis, and the deficit thus made in our revenues must be made up in some other way. Then, our pension bill will exceed $200,000,000 a year in the immediate future. We shall require a great deal of money to pay the,expenses of the government, and the only way to raise it is by an income tax. The matter of pensions alone is a tremendous drain upon our people,and it would be a great help if we raised enough money by taxing large incomes to pay this one item. This idea is vigorously advocated by the St. Louis Republia That p»ap>er aays:

”11a a per cent, rate on incomes ot over •10,000 a year will meet the pension expense, then let only 8 per cent, be levied. But if a 10 per cent or a 80 per cent rate is necessary to pay this debt, which, in connection with keeping1 np high tariff taxes, has so often been called “a debt of honor,” then by alljneansjet pur very wealthy men be called on to show even a more exalted patriotism in coming to the relief of their distressed country now than they did in the dark days of the civil war, when they hastened to lend the government their money at such interest rates as the exigencies of the situation and the risk justified.” Let us shift the burden from the masses to the privileged classes who have grown tfich under the favoritism of the government—the bondholding classes, whose greedy coffers have swallowed up the interest on the war debt The taxing power should not spend its force on the poor man's cottage; it should touch the big income of the idle bondholder. We need more justice and equity in our system of taxation.—Atlanta Constitution. High Wt|»9 Cheapest. It is a stock argument of protection monopolists, to compare the “pauper* wages of Europe with those of America, taking care to conveniently forget the relative cost of production, and to credit to McKinleyism the balance in our favor. An interesting illustration reaches us from the Youth’s Companion of a German, trained in America, who has founded an arms works in Berlin. He introduced the American system of working and put in American laborsaving machinery. His 1,000 employes are paid almost double the usual German wages, and as a result, the superintendent says, “It pays us well to pay this high rate ol wages. It is economically the cheapest way. Best paid men produce the cheapest” It has created hostility from other employers, who are losing the best skilled men and cannot compete with these new methods introduced. Discontent has also been Created among their employes. We expect to see some republican paper claim this innovation as a result of MoKinleyism. — Saturday Budget —With reference to Gov. McKinley’s speech before the Ohio republican convention, the Philadelphia Ledger (ind. rep) says: “It is too early to hold the democrats responsible for the ills of the country arising under conditions unchanged since the republicans surrendered power.**

THE FARMING WORLD. SIMPLE REFRIGERATOR. Can Ba Made at Horn* at an Kxpensa of a Few Cents. I saw a refrigerator constructed last summer at an actual outlay of so few cents, which did such good work, both in its economical use of ice and in its preservation of the food placed in it, that it appears little 6hort of a duty to describe it ' Two dry-goods packing cases were secured, one considerably smaller than the other. The size of the inner box will represent the capacity of the ice chest (it is to be remembered when choosing a box for this purpose) while the outer box should afford a space three or four inches all around the box placed within. It should also afford two inches of space between the bottom of the inner box and its own, and two inches also between the cover of the inner box and its own. All these surrounding spaces,

except that above the inner box, are to be filled with dry sawdust. The interior of the inner box should 'be painted white, for :if left in the natural wood butter and some other articles placed in it may have a decidedly “woody” taste. So far the ice chest has cost but a trifle, but now it will pay ,to spend a little for a galvanized iron tray to fit exactly into the bottom of’‘"the inner box, provided with a tube in one end, as shown in the cut, of sufficient length to pass down through the bottoms of both boxes, which will carry off all water from the melting ice. This tray

oan be made oi tin, or even sheet iron, in which case it should be well painted, both within and without, to prevent rusting. The chest mentioned did not have this tray, but it is really very desirable. Cleats are placed upon the inside ol the inner box, and shelves made of slats inserted one above another, with a chance for one such shelf directly over the ice, as it rests in one end of the box. A thick cloth cover kept Well drawn over the top of the outer box will help to keep the ice from rapid melting, though without this in the case mentioned the ice melted but slowly.—Country Gentleman. A T!N CAN SCOOP. Every Farmer Should Make a Few for His Wife. A very convenient little article for the farm is a scoop made of discarded tin cans. Gun the can with a pair of old shears like the cut, sloping back to within about an inch of the bottom. Fit in a bottom made of a block of wood, to give it strength to fasten a handle to. Bore a half-inch hole in the

block for the handle, then punch a hole through the tin and drive the handle to its place. A good handle can be made out of an old chair-rung?' Fasten securely with a wire nail, cut a lid from an old can and tack oil the block inside the scoop. The goods wife will thank you for several of these for her sugar and flour bins, and nothing could be handier around the barn for using in the oats and feed bins, where a small quantity is taken out at a time.—J. A. Shafer, in Farm and Fireside. FACTS FOR FARMERS. Throw open doors and windows. If necessary to guand the flocks against varmints make temporary screens and doors of wire netting. The recuperative power "of clover in restoring fertility and opening passages in the subsoil, is too little appreciated by the market gardener. If a patch of willows or swamp ash. hazel or shrubs of any kind are to be grubbed this year, do it during the hot weather of August. Some practical farmers recommend Bowing grass seed in August as that is the time nature bows it. The ground is, however, seldom ready then. Sow grass on “leachy” soil to prevent great loss of valuable fertilizing material. Do not keep in grain for more than two years at a time. Sow a plot of ground now to late turnips. They will be nice for table use and most excellent for cow or calf feed during the early winter months. Dio potatoes as sdon as they have stopped growing to prevent rot. Store them temporarily in a cool, well-ven-tilated outhouse until cool weather, then transfer to the oellar. Mow the weeds along public roads, pasture fences and turn rows now before the seed is mature enough to grow. Under no circumstances let dock, thistles, cockle burs, jimson, etc., get any older. If pays to spend time in thinking and planning the work and fixtures on farms. Hard work counts for much in all cases, and is indispensible, but is often poorly directed and avails too little.—Orange Judd Farmer,

BOOK-NOTES. A volume of verse by Oscar Wilde is among' the miif>r things which are promised for the eomiteg book season. The story of ‘‘Cinderella’* has been told in S45 different ways. The “glass slipper” editiop has been known since 1897. The story is fonndin the ancient literature of India and Egypt. George Meredith, the author, is said to have published Thomas Hardy’s first successful literary work, “Under the Greenwood Tree,” after several publishers had rejected the manuscript. Florence Mabrtat’s new book, “Parson Jones,” is the sixtieth work of fiction she has written since she began in 1885, twenty-eight years ago. Miss Marryat has done much other literary work and also lectured. Mrs. Deland is spending the sum' mer at Kennebunkport, Me., where she is writing a new novel. Its title is to be “Philip’s Wife,” and the plot, it is-understood, has to do with the life of an uncongenial married couple.

MUSICAL CLIPPINGS. As ordinary piano contains a mile of wire. “God Save the Queen” is sung in nearly twenty languages. The oldest violin in the world was found in an Egyptian tomb, dating about 3000 B. C. Leoncavallo, the composer, is described as being a pleasant young fellow who has been as poor as a church mouse and whose cranium has not been enlarged by success. Patti is now at Craig-y-Nos castle studying the new opera by Sig. Pizzi, which she will produce during her tour of the United States next winter. The opera is entitled “Gabrielle,” and the scene is iq the reign of Louis S-III. Beethoven’s “Immortal Beloved” was Countess Theresa Braunschweig, to whom he was for a long time secretly betrothed. The betrothal was not made public because the countess feared the effect on her mother, who was intensely -proud of her rank and family.

AMERICANS OF DISTINCTION. After forty-six years of life among books the venerable librarian of Brown university, Dr. R. A. Guild, has retired to private life. Gov. Stone, of Missouri, is not wrapt with the majesty that doth hedge about a king, but is guarded at Jefferson City by a big Danish watch-dog. Miss Annie Bayard, daughter of the new ambassador to the court of St. James, is said to have been the most graoeful and spirited rider in Washington. Samuel Edison, the father of the great inventor, is ninety-one years old. He lives in Port Huron, Mich., and has a little daughter nine years old of whom he is exceedingly proud. Justice Blatchford had a great fancy for almanacs find calendars, of which he had collected a very large number during the time he was a member of the supreme court bench. CROWNED FEMININITY. The empress pf Austria has a collection of jewels worth $1,500,000. Queen Victoria brews her own tea, and has a decided fondness for orange pekoe. Queen Victoria has a penchant for patronizing a continental artist when she wants a picture painted to order, but the duke and duchess of York have shown a fondness for insular talent by commissioning Luke Fildes, of London, to take their portraits. Queen Marie Henriette, of Belgium, is the last one of the five noble ladies who have received from the present pope the decoration of the Golden Bose. The others thus honored are the queens of Spain and Portugal, the empress of Austria and the countess d’Eu, of Brazil.

SAYINGS OF SAGES. The only thing which everyone can do, and ttw only thing which anyone need do. is his duty. 0 'tSsuJus for men of business and business for men of leisure would cure many complaints.—Mrs. Thrale. It is a sign of wisdom to be willing to receive instruction; the most intelli* gent sometimes stand in need of it. THE MARKETS New York. July 91. CATTLE—Native Steers. *4 3> © COTTON—Middling. 8 © FLOOR—Winter Wheat. 1 65 © WHEAT—No. 8 Red. 875.© CORN—No. 8. 47 O OATS—Western Mixed. 38 © PORK—New Mess. 18 OJ © ST. LOUIS COTTON—Middling. .... © BEEVES—Choice Steers. 485 © Medium. 4 40 © HOGS—Fair to Select. 5 50 © SHEEP-Falr to Choice. 3 80 © FLOUR-Patents. 3 10 © Fanov to Extra Do.. 340 @ WHEAT—No. 8 Red Winter. . 57 © CORN—No. 8 Mixed. 34K© OATS—No. 8. © RYE—Na8. 4# © TOBACCO-Lugs. 0 50 © Leal Burley. 10 00 © HAY-Clear Timothy. 10 00 © BUTTER—Choice Dairy. 18 © EGGS—Freeh. 8 @ PORK—Standard Mess (new)., 18 00 © BACON-Ciear Rib. » © LARD—Prime Steam. 0 © CHICAGO CATTLE—Shipping.-- 4 00 O HOGS—Fairto Choice. 5 50 SHEEP—Fair to Choice. 3 50 FLOUR—Win ter Patents. 350 Spring Phteuts.. 3 85 WHEAT—No. 2. Spring. No. 8 Red. CORN—No. 2. OATS—No. 2.... PORK—Mess (new). 18 00 KANSAS CITY. v CATTLE—Shipping Steers-... 4 25 I HOGS—All Grades. 5)5 i WHEAT—No. 2 Red. 49 I OATS—No. 2. 20 i CORN-No.2. 20141 NEW ORLEANS FLOUR—High Grade..... 3 10 CORN—No. 2. ... OATS—Western. HAY—Choice. 18 00 PORK—New Mess. BACON—Sides. COTTON—Middling. CINCINNATI WHEAT-No. 2 Red. 54 ( CORN—No. 2 MixaC. 40 ( OATS—No. 2 Mixed. 24 ( PORK—New Mesa. '.... ( BACON—Clear Ribs. 10)41 COTTON—Middling. < issrt 5 06 814 4 00 70)4 48 38)4 18 75 mS* 4 75 5 75 4 50 3 30 2 90 57^ 31* 27 50 13 00 l» 00 13 (4) 19 9 16 25 9* »* 5 25 5 85 4 50 3 90 4 25 59^ 59*. 87* 24 18 92* 5 20 5 65 50 21 30 345 48 35 19 00 17 f0 10* 7H 55 41 25 17 00 10* 8*

At Chicago Royal Leads AIL As the result of my tests, I find the ROYAL BAKING POWDER superior to all the others in every respect. It is entirely free from all adulteration and unwholesome impurity, and in baking it gives off a greater volume of leavening gas than any other powder. It is therefore not only the purest, but also the strongest powder with which I am acquainted\ WALTER S. HAINES, life D., Prof, of Chemistry, Rush Medical College, Consulting Chemist, Chicago Board of Health. All other baking powders are shown; by analysis to contai n alum, lime or ammonia. ROYAL BAKING POWDER CO., 10c! WALL'S!., NEW-YORK.

—There is a/little Japanese garden in one corner of the Horticultural building and a little Japanese house in the Woman’s build iiyj, or rather twofcoms of a house—a library and a boudoir—at the World’s fair. They are made of paper, the walls being panels of blue and gold. The floors are covered with matting, the curtains are bamboo, and an immense cushion is in the center of each of the rooms. Wide Awake. The August number of this delightful magazine is much larger than usual —containing 150 pages of reading matter. Perhaps the “Story of Wide Awake” may be considered the leading article of the number. It is a graphic account of the magazine, from its very beginning to the present time. A fine frontispiece portrait of the late Daniel Lothrop, the founder of Wide Awake, most fitly opens this farewell number. Among the more notable stories and articles may be mentioned “A Race for Life,” by John Willis Hays, a thrilling Indian tale; “The North Chamber,” by Louisa T. Craigin, and “The Thrilling Story of Capt. Noman,” by Charles R. Talbot; “Concord Dramatics,” by George B. Bartlett, will interest all lovers of Louisa Alcott’s “Little Women” stories. With this great Midsummer issue, Wide Awake ceases to be a separate publication, and bids farewell to its thousands of readers. This new departure is explained in the article “The Story of Wide Awake.” The D. Lothrop Company have made arrangements to merge Wide Awake into St. Nicholas. The price of this number is 20 cents. For sale at news stands; or mailed by D. Lothrop Company, Boston, on receipt of price. A woman will forgive a man anything except his failure to ask to be forgiven.— Puck. Pure and Wholesome Quality Commends to public approval the California liquid laxative remedy. Syrup of Figs. It is pleasant to the taste and by acting gently on the kidneys, liver and bowels to cleanse the system effectually, it promotes the health and comfort of all who use it, and with millions it is the best and only remedy. Almost any employe can tell you that some one is liable to be fired when the boss gets hot.—Troy Press. Man’s system is like a town, it must bq well drained, and nothing is so efficient as Beecham's Pills. For sale by all druggists. The young stereotyper’s first impressions of the business are seldom his best ones.— Troy Times.

‘ Thebe's & roomer io the air,” muttered the impecunious seventh-floor lodger^as ke slid down the rope that led from his window io the back alley, “that th« landlord won’t be able to trace, and i’ll bet on it!” . Chossing tee Campos.— itias Pretty— “Oh, I wish I could have jjone to college I"' Soahomore Cousin (bowing again)— “Vfhy!" Miss Pretty—“It must be nice to know so many men 1”— Puck. Miss Phim is of the opinion that no lady* who had any claim to mcdesty would regard undressed food as a delicacy.—Boston Transcript “August Flower” I used August Flower‘for Loss of* vitality and general de bility. After taking two bottles I g ained 69 lbs. I have sold more of your A.ugust Fl ower since I have been in business than any othejr mediei le I ever kept. Mr. Peter Zinville say ; be was made a new mim by the August Flower, recommended by me. I have hundreds tell me that August Flower has done them more good than any other medi line they ever took. Gborgb W. Dye, Sardis, Mason Co., Ky. with Pastes Snamels, and P Unis wbi< h state* ti e bauds, injur* the Iron, anti barn red. The Risinj; Sun Store Polish Is Brflliar I, Odorless. Durable, and the «onsus»?r pays for notte or glass package with e^ery pi renaae. _

An ILLUSTRATED BOOKLET and a TlShCSHZ OUX of FREE! HORSE SHOE PLOG to any one returning this “Advertisement” with a HORSE SHOE TIN TAG attached. DRUMMOND TOBACCO CO., >t. Louis, Ms»

THE POT INSULTED THE KETTLE BECAUSE THE COOK HAD NOT USED SAPOLIO GOOD COQKING DEMANDS CLEANLINESS* SAPOLIO SHOULD be U8e:d in every KITCHEN*. _;:_2... .. —.

BICYCLES Shop-Soiled, one-third off. Secoxd-, Hand, on*-fifth coot. Ordinaries free' with each Safety. Cata. and list .free. \ Old wheels traded for ns Par monthly. Old wheels traded for new. Pnou. put on, j£ H off to editors. KNIGHT CYCLE CO„ St. Laois. DRILL 1WSM.* &X22WL ■wan

ro R maaaanaai Deaaauaapttvn*! an 1 people w ao knt vttk longi or Aath> aoa,ahoalduaa Ptao’i Oara for Onto motion. It III enret tlAOHuidi. It has 1 lot Inlnr art one. It la not bar to taka ltla the boat ooach a; Top. Sold everyrrbere. :)*«, CO.NSI.'WPT |pN A. N. K.. B. i‘5a w* ts WKiTnta TO MTii rntH akita that pan aa» the Mr irttaaan it la