Pike County Democrat, Volume 15, Number 42, Petersburg, Pike County, 26 February 1885 — Page 1

Pike County Democrat. OITIOE, oner 0. E. MOETGOMEBY'S Store, Main Street. VOLUME XV. PETERSBURG, INDIANA. THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1885. NUMBER 42.

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JL PIKE COUNTY DEMOCRAT JOB WORK OF ALL KINDS j Neatly Excpiite c3L —AT— V REASONABLE BATES. NOTICE! ?>er*on8 receivitifr a copy of this paper with this notice crossed in lead pend! me notified tnat t ll(? till'.O Of thole Cllhapr.ntmn V, « --a

NEWS IN BRIEF. Compiled from Various Sources.

CONGRESSIONAL PROCEEDINGS. In the Senate on the 16th about the only really Important 'and conclusive action taken was the passage of the Indian appropriation bill. There was a lengthy discussion upon the action ot the Senate committee in striking out certain amendments, which under the rules of that body, on account of their legislative value, are not entitled to be placed on an appropriation bill.In the House, after consideration of the legislative appropriation bill, Mr. Slocum reporied the bill tor the retirement ot General Grant, and a motion was made to suspend the rules and pass the same, A long debate ensued. Mr. Slocum enumerated the eminent services of General Grant and the reasons why the measure should bo passed. General Rose- - crans was quite severe upon the hero of ' Aupomattox, and announced Iris opposition to the proposition to place him on the retired list. Messrs. I loir and Thomas (Republicans) opposed the bill because they considered it a trap set to catch the executive and embarrass him. They wove in favor of retiring General Grant, but wanted the second bill offered in the Senate sut stituted. The motion to suspend the rules was linally lout. Little other business of general interest was transacted. In the Senate on the 17th there was a long discussion upon the anti-foreign contract labor bill. In which a number of Senators took part. Messrs. Maxey and Coke (of Texas) thought that the hill would keep ou t labor needed by the planters of Texas, and the latter offered an amendment modifying the penalty clause, but it was voted down. Sehatoi-s Vest and Morgan criticised theltepubllean party’s policy, and Mr. Sherman defended his partv. With an understanding that a vole was to be reached on the isth, the Senate adjourned ......In the House, alter the passage of come minor .bills and an adverse .report from tlie committeee on the resolution to appoint a commission to consider the liquor tratlio Of the Vnlted States, the legislative appropriation bill was discussed In committee of the whole and afterwards passed, a tew slight amendments having been previously agreed upon. The senate amendments to the Indian appropriation bill were non-conourred In,fend a new conference committee was appointed. Air. Dorslieimer Introduced n bill to regulate coinage, and to promote the circulation of gold and silver equally. In the Senate on the 18th an original bill was reported to enable the President to negotiate for the purchase from the In dians of their remaining interests iu the Oklahoma lands. Consideration of the contract labor bill war resumed. Air. Plumb’s amendment excepting professional artists) from the provisions of the bill was agreed to; also an amendment by Mr. Lapham providing that the whole of the penalty recovered shall go Into the Unhid States Treasury. The bill then passed: yeas, 50; nays, 1)—In the House the river and harbor bill was considered. Mi'. Bayne opposed the appropriation for the Lower Mississippi, as the money, he said, would be thrown away except to remove snags. Air. X’otter opposed the Hennepin Canal scheme, and declared that it was a state matter, anil Illinois was well able to build the canal, as New York had done in tt»fl case of the Krie. The amendment offered as a sut stltutc for the Galveston Harbor paragraph ivas agreed to. It appropriates ?5')0,000. The McLean-llrondliead conteat was reported In favor of Mr. liroadhead. In the Senate on the 10th there was a Iqng discussion on the Texas Paeille Railroad land forfeiture bill. A number of amendments were offered and debated. The bill w as linally passed. There was very little else of general interest reached.In the House during tho continuation of the previous day’s session the river and harbor bill was eonsidsred, but nothing conclusive was done. A number of amendments were takin up and new amendments were offered. Later, tn the regular session for Thursday, the naval appropriation bill was considered In committee of the whole. There was an animated discussion concerning wooden vessels and the amount of money to be approprinted to build the “New York.” The lions* adjourned, though, before very much progress had been made with the bill. In the Senate on the HOth a memorial if as presented from the Illinois Legislature urging Congress to acquire ownership In the sjlilp canal connecting the waters of Keweenaw Bay With those of Lake Superior. The agricultural appropriation bill was passed. Tho Rost-office appropriation bill was next reached. The i eduction in the amount for Post-office clerks was combatted, but after discussion the committee’s amendment was adhered to. The secticm cl an-ng the rate of-postage w as discussed'at length, anil the Senate dis agreed to the committee amen'-went so fains it related to the letter postage, leaving the newspaper provision to be, acted upon ..In the House much time w as wasted on the Mississippi River clause in the-river and harbor bill. The tr ends of the bill yielded to the Mississippi River claim, there by withdraw ing tl e liepe of contention. The Chair delivered an opinion on the point of order against the Hennepin C nal, sustaining the point that the Committee oil Rivers and Harbors had not original jurisdiction of the subject, and ruled that the claims must be stricken from the bill. An appeal was taken, but was not acted upon durtugthe day’s session. The conference report on the consular and diplomatic bill w as agreed to. The naval appropriation bill was (taken up but no dcilnite action was taken At the evening session fifty pension bills were passed, completing this work for the present Congress.

PERSONAL AND POLITICAL. Speaker Carlisle h»s almost entirely recovered from his recent indisposition. Hon. Samuel J. Randall said on the 17th, in response to an inquiry: ‘‘There never was much danger of au extra session.' I do not think there is any row. There wilbbe no extra session.” In discussing war reminiscences, General Durbin Ward said that if General Albert Sidney Johnson’s death had not happened when it did the result of the battle of Shiloh would have been far different. General Gordon’s trusted messenger, George, has arrived at Abu Klea. He says that almost all the native accounts agree that General Gordon, finding himself betrayed, made a rush for the magazine near the Catholic Mission building. Finding the rebels already in possession, he returned to the Government House and was killed trying tore-enter. Hie rebels were admitted to Khartoum at ten o’clock on the 26th of January. On the evening of the 17th Lieutenant Gchwatka described bis explorations on the Y nkon River in Alaska before the New YortYacht Club. -John K. M'cIver, Secretary of the Detrim (Mich.) Board of Trade, died on the / Mme. Dolbt, the eminent contralto singer, died in London on the 18th. She was born in 1821. Representative Belford, rather than see the suspension of silver coinage brought about, will filibuster in the House, and claims he has plenty of backing. Tits Duke of Cambridge inspected the Guards on the 18tb, on the eve of their departure for Sudkim. The Princess of Wales and her daughters were present. The Illinois State Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic at Peoria, on the 18th, passed a resolution urging the passage of the bill to place General Grant on the retired list. The first formal vote of the Illinois Leg-, islature for United States Senator resulted: Logan, 101; Morrison, 91; Haines, 4; Lawler, 1; J. H. Ward, 1; John Smith, 1. Ho election. The Mahdi secured all General Gordon’s papers and paper money, and is cashing the latter to obtain needed fnnds to continue the warfare. The British officers and men are eagerly buying up these notes, and also leadea medals struck off at Khartoum, which fetch their weight in gold as mementoes of General Gordon. Mbs. James Bussell Lowell, wife of the American Minister, died at London on the ltth. General Stewart, who was recently wounded in Egypt, is reported in a less hopeful condition. On the 19th the Illinois Legislature balloted again for United States Senator, bnt no choice was made. It seems to be generally oonceded that Bayard, Manning and Garland will form a portion of the new Cabinet, bat with regard to the rest there is no end of speculation.

| The New York Medical .Record corrects \ the sensational reports about the sickness of General Grant Mr. Gladstone declares that the policy of the British Government to evacuate Egypt eventually remains unchanged. Jonathan J. Wriqht, ex-Associate Justice of the South Carolina Supreme Court, and the only colored man who ever held the office in thsit State, died on the 19th. General Stbwart, who was wounded at the battle of Abu Klea wells, is reported dead. On the 20th the Prince of Wales ad* dressed and reviewed the Third Battalion of the Grenadier Guards at Windsor, as they were about to start for Suakim. The Queen sent an autograph letter. The Roman Catholic Bishop of Shrewsbury, Eng., has issued a pastoral letter in which he denounces dynamiters as “pests, scourges, enemies of God aud man, and assassins lurking in the dark.” The late S. S. Merrill is to bS(succeeded by Roswell Miller as General Manager of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. faul Railroad, and Jos. Tucker has been tendered the position of assistant. It is claimed that the President-elect, by including Mr. Bayard, intends to give the South three members of the Cabinet. Jay Rtx, of Cleveland, O., whose wife recently eloped with a skating rink man, vows that he will follow the couple and kill the man. General Buller, who had to retreat from Gabut, is intrenched at Abu Klea wells, finding the enemy in too strong force to continue his retrograde movement without serious hazard. On the 20th the Illinois Legislature took two additional ballots for United States Senator, but made no choice.

CKIM1SS AND CASUALTIES. The noted imported stallion Brudont, worth $15,00), and other valuable horses were burned, in a stable near Cheyenne, Wy, T., on the 18th. Fire at the Memphis wharf on the 18th, which started in the Ida Darragh, burned that boat and her cargo, and also spread to the steamer City of Helena, of the Anchor Line, and that was also destroyed together with the wharf boat and contents. The^Helena was valued at $00,090. Total loss, $150,000. The pulp mill connected with William A. Russell & Son’s paper mill at Lawrence, Mass., burned the night of the 18th, with its valuable machinery. The loss is not less than $50,000; fully insured. At the burial ground attache! to the Pisgah Church, five miles from Point Pleasant, W. Va., the sextou on the 18th found a half dozen bodies taken from graves and strewn about on the ground. There is no clew to the perpetrators, nor to their motive. Edward Kyi.and, a well-known forger and check-raiser, pleaded guilty in New York on the 18th, and was sentenced to State Prison for five years. His young wife, Elsie who assisted him in his operations, is now servingatwo-and-one-half-years’ sentence. Fire destroyed the Thomas block at Brazil, Ind., on the 19th. Loss, $39,000. On the 19th the (Irannis block was nearly destroyed by fire in Chicago. The loss is very heavy. By a collision on the Virginia Midland Road on the 19th, several persons were killed, the cars set on fire, and both trains were burned. On the 19th Philadelphia was visited by a disastrous conflagration. A number of scores and warehouses were destroyed, involving a loss of $400,000. The Hamburg plow factory at Hamburg, la., burned on the 20th. Loss, $49,000; insurance, $20,900. On the 29th the Mansion House at Boston was damagod $30,000 by fire. An attempt was made at Sturgis, Mich., on the 20th to blow up a building with an infernal machine. FHie destroyed the Marvin Safe Company’s factory, a huge eight-story building in New York, on the 20th. Loss, nearly $300,000. Over 200 men are thrown out of employment. On the 20th St. Michael’s Orphan Asylum and St. Joseph’s Consent at ^Pittsburgh, Pa., were partially destroyed by fire. The inmates were all rescued with the exception of one Sjster of Mercy. On the 20th an engine on the (iron Mountain Road exploded, killing Engineer Kline and probably fatally injuring Fireman Fred Smith. An accident occurred to an Ohio & Mississippi passenger train near North Vernon, Ind., on the 20th, by which Mr. Edride, of Jefferson, Tex., and one other person were killed, and a number injured. In the accident on the Virginia Midland Railroad, in which the c rs were burned, an enormous amount of mail matter was destroyed, and the safe in the express car was open. The amount of money destroyed is said to be nearly $200,000.

5 HISCiaLl.\GOI)$. At Bloomington, 111., a coal famine was reported on. account of snow blockades on the railroads. The Chicago & Alton Road’s gross earnings during last year were $7,809,2S4, a decrease of !}101,33(i. Mormon emissaries are endeavoring to buy great tracts of land in Sonora, and the people are vigorously opposing the scheme. On the 17th a bill was introduced in the Michigan House of Representatives to prevent non-reBident aliens from holding lands in the State. On the 17th there was a deafening tumult in the German Reichstag while Bismarck was speaking upon the proposed increased duty upon cereals. Late dispatches from Korti say that Arabs art deserting from Meteinneh in large numbers and are entering the British camp at Gubat. Natural gas has been discovered in Essex County, Ontario. Tr® propeller Michigan, which has been missing for several weeks, is stuck in the ice twenty-three miles from the shore off Grand Haven, Mich. The Michigan Legislature is wrestling with the underground wire question as relating to telephone and telegraph cornpan es. The Mardi Gras procession in New Orleans on the 17th, was witnessed by immense crowds. The tableaux represented scenes and incidents in Sir Walter Scott’s novel “Ivanhoe.” The French residents at Shanghai have been placed under Russian protection. The House Committee on Appropriations ha ye agreed to recommend aifurther appropriation in aid ef the New Orleans Exposition. j Officials of the Wabash at New York say that the proposition of Mr. Chamberlain, of London, for a reorganization of the company will bo accepted. At a National League meeting at Dublin on the 18th, speakers advised the Irish people to strike the blow for freedom while England’s hands are full. The New Y ork Socialists met on the evening of the 18th to eulogize and commemorate the memory of the German Anarchists who were put to death for attempting to take the life of the Emperor. Herr Most was among the speakers. Admiral Courbet telegraphs that the French attacked the Chinese squadron and gained a complete victory. Another dispatch says that two Chinese men- of-war were sunk,

The relief party who went to Alta, the Utah town visited by the terrible snow* slide, recovered twelve dead bodies, and rescued those still living. An imaginary infernal machine placed in the Court-house at Qreensburg, Pa., on the 18th, proved to be clock-works of a dancing toy monkey with a singed rope attached. It scared the people, though. Many protests were filed against allowing the Masonic Order to participate in the Washington Monument ceremonies, on the ground that the Masons have no more rights than the Hibernians or any other order. The protests were too late, though, for the committee to act upon. At Columbus, O., two cases of trichinosis have developed, one of which will prove fatal. The Secretary of the Interior has declined to reinstate the land entry of John Talbott, in the Cheyenne district, Wyoming. Talbott’s entry would, if allowed, place him in possession of the land comprising the entire water supply of the city of Cheyenne.

iHE uanaaian voyageurs, wno took General Wolseley’s boats up. the Nile, arrived at Queenstown, Ireland, on the 18th, on their way home. They embarked on the steamship Hanoverian. Ox the 19th the First Battalion of the Coldstream Guards left London for Buakim. There were many affecting scenes as thoy embarked. The Legislature of Michigan wants Congress to pass the postal telegraph bill. The formal opening of the Woman’s Department of the New Orleans Exposition took place on the 19th. The Pennsylvania Senate on the 19th defeated the bill for whipping-posts for wife-beaters. Four thousand Spaniards are desirous of enlisting in tke English army for the Soudan campaign The British Parliament reopened on the 19th. Police allowed no one to pass the gates unless able to show that he had a right to enter. A herd of six hundred cattle were sold at Superior City, Wis., on the 19th, to an Englishman for $39,000. They will be shipped to England. The Russian exiles in Irkutsk, Siberia, revolted recently. They were Only subdued after a desperate contest, in which a number of people were killed and wounded. At Pittsburgh, Pa., a bill has been filed in view of the recent explosions, asking an injunction to restrain natural gas companies from bringing gas into the City. The British Government, since the fall of Khartoum and the death of General Gordon, have deemed it expedient to change the whole plan of tho Soudan campaign. At Washington eight hundred special policemen were sworn in to preserve order during the ceremonies attending the dedication qf the Washington Monument. In many sections of Massachusetts a peculiar and fatal hog disease is raging. The symptoms are loss of appetite,! sight and strength, death invariably resulting in three days. Thousands of hogk are dying. Belgium’s efforts to secure the creation of an international convention for the regulation of duties on sugar failed, owing to the opposition of Germany. The AVashiugton monument was dedicated on the 21st with imposing ceremonies. Three thousand miners are on a strike in the coal district of Mons, Belgium. It is said that El Mahdi is making arrangements fori a heavy attack upon the English. j A bottle containing gunpbwder was exploded on the 20th at the entrance to the Italian Parliament. No one hurt. The production of Bessemer! steel in the United States last year was seven per cent, behind thkt of 1883. The newspapers in Ireland are jubilant over the British reverses in j the Soudan, and one of thein hopes that Success may shine upon El Mahdi’s banners. The British Government hhs at last become alarmed at the situation in the Soudan, and the reserves are to be sent out to assist General Wolseley. The Italian government is preparing for quick action in the event of an alliance with England in the Soudan.' Latest reports from Korti declare that the Mahdi is bolstering the Spirits of his followers by heralding British defeats. On the 20th citizens of Richmond, Va., held a meeting and passed resolutions reciting that the recent decision of the United States Court in the coupon oase3 tended to complicate the State finances and embarrass its officers. The coke pool of Pennsylvania has been signed by ail the parties interested. LATE NEWS ITEMS.

tub Senate held a brief session on the 21st. The Post-office appropriation bill was further considered. Contrary to the recommendation of the committee the legislative provisions inserted by the House fixing the postage on newspapers sent from the office of publication to regular subscribers at one cent per pound was retained, but the discrimination against sample copies was cut out, making a uniform rate for all newspapers sent out by publishers. The House bill appropriating money for the erection of a public building at Keokuk, la., was passed. Senators at 2:15 p. m. repaired to the House to be present at the conclusion of the Washington Monument ceremonies. The House transacted no business. The Educational Congress met at New Orleans on the 23d. An incendiary fire at Anderson, Ind., on the 22d, caused a loss of $12,000. While at church on the 22d Mrs. Henry Ward Beecher had an attack of paralysis. News from Egypt says that the forces of General Buller, Lord Chas. Beresford and Major Wardrop defeated the Arabs at Abu Klea. The report further says that the Mahdi’s forces were routed. Frank Warner, who escaped from jail at Zanesville, O., on the night of the 21st was found frozen to death. At the Washington Monument ceremonies on the 21st there were present a greatAany of the descendants of General W ashington. The police at Dorpot, in the Russ an province of Livonia, made ah import: nt seizure of Nihilist documents. The British Government has instructed its authorities at Hong Kong to relax the regulation of the foreign enlistment act so as to permit French men-of-war to coal and repair in ports under English control. The House Committee on Appropriations held a session on the 22d owing to the urgent business yet to Ire disposed of. Chari.es Connell, an engineer on the Pan-Handle Road, was killed on the 22d by jumping from his engine on account of the breaking of the connecting rod. The Supreme Medical Examiner of the Knights of Honor has decided a case where the member committed suicide. The widow gets the $2,000. [ The engineer and fireman of a West Shore train were instantly killed In a wreck on the 21st. James Stephens, the well-known Fenian, denounces the dynamiters. In a libel suit against the Cincinnati En/virer, Wm. Lee was awarded $1,000 dazniges. The Russians are reported advancing lpon Penjdeh, in Khorassen. Mackin Gallagher and Gleason, the Chicago politicians, were convicted of flection frauds.

THE SOUDANESE WAR;

Death of General Stewart— Departureof the Grenadiers for Snaklm—The Militia Called Out—Boiler In a Bad Bo* at Aba Klea— His Retreat Cut Off and the Rebels Attacking Him. DEATH OF GENERAL STEWART. London, February 20.—The War Office received a dispatch'this morning from General Wolseley announcing the death of General Stewart at Gakdul from the wound received on the 19th ult. while advancing, after the battle at Abu Klea, on Metemneh. The news spread like wild-flrc throughout London. On every side expressions of regret were heard. The names of Gordon, Earl and Stewart are on every lip, and the query of the moment is: Who next^ EMBARKATION OF THE, GRENADIERS. Londox, February 20.—The Prince of Wales, who arrived in London yesterday from a sojourn in the south cf Fiance, t -day inspected the Grenadiers previous to their embarkation to Egypt. After the revioiv the Prince addressed the meu. He landed their Sue appearance, and urged them to remember the gallant record of the regiment during the Crimeaii war. “I have no doubt,” said the Prince, “that the regiment will acquit itself as nobly in the present emergency as then.” The streets and public squares through which the regiment marched were thronged with people anxious to witness the departure. From the house tops along the route flags were flying, while the. windows were filled with people. Shouts for vengeauce and the restoration of British prestige filled the air. : The feelings of the people were greatly intensified by the display of trophies captured by the late General Gordon during his campaign in China. MILITARY- PREPARATION. London, February 20.—Active military preparations contiuue. The War office to-day issued an order calling out the militia for garrison duty, to take the place of the regulars sent abroad. All transfers from the army to the reserves have also been ordered suspended. / BULLER’S RETREAT CUT OFF. London, February 20.—General Wolseley telegraphs the War Office: “On the 16th inst., General Buller reached Abu-lvlea. Here the rapidly increasing numbers of the Mahdi’s forces became so threatening that they menaced the safe conduct of his column back to lvorti, and he was obliged to call a halt. When the messenger left with dispatches for Wolseley, Buller expected an attack at any moment, and his men were throwing up Intrenchmcnts, BULLER’S CAMP ATTACKED. London, February 21.—General Lord Wolseley reports that General Bullcr’s camp at Abu Klea was attacked by an advance force of Arabs, who kept up a persistent aui remarkably accurate firing at long range all night. The sharp-shooters apparently numbered about 400. Three British soldiers were killed and eleven wounded. The British replied to the firing, but did not attack the rebels during the night. General Buller constructed"three new forts and otherwise strengthened his position. By the messenger who brought this information General Buller also . sends word to General Wolseley that his position has become critical. He has, information that countless hordes of Arabs are advancing with El Mahdi himself at the head, The newspaper correspondents have all left the front except Colonel Burleigh, of the Loudon Daily Telegraph, and Charles Williams, of the Central Netcs. The latter was slightly wounded in the leg during the sharpshooting above mentioned. RESULTS OF THE WRECK. The Killed and Injured by the Virginia 'Midland Railroad Wreck—Heavy Loss of ValDuable Mall and Express Matter. Washington, D. C., February 21.— The following is a full list of the casualties at the railroad accident which occurred on the Virginia Midland, between Washington and Alexandria last night. KILLED. Andrew Augur, conductor. Geo. Frere, engineer. Thomas Maloney, fireman. Geo. Miller, brakeman. Thomas Darby, fireman of passenger train. INJURED. W. Miles, flagman. C. L. Stevens, brakeman. John Bruce, engineer. W. A. McNeal, mail agent. C. T. Stewart, postal clerk. J. T. Frane and Thomas Gayler, postal clerks. T Jones, chief clerk of the postal car. R. E. Delette. R, O. Stone, Adams Express agent. Post-office Department officials say the disaster last night on the Midland Road, between Washington and Alexandria, caused the heaviest loss of United States mail that ever resulted from a railroad accident. One hundredyordiuary mail ponches and thirteen pouches containing through registered-tetters from the South for large cities in the East, besides considerable miscellaneous matter, were with all their contents burned up, and with them probably $100,000. As soon as the collision occurred, the freight train caught fire and was consumed. The freight train consisted of thirty-one freight cars and four new passenger coaches, just built for the Midland Railway Company and which were being taken to Alexandria. Twentyseven freight cars were destroyed With the contents. The passenger train consisting of baggage, express, postal and smoking-car was entirely destroyed with their contents. Both engines being in the center of the burning pile were completely destroyed. The safe of the express car, containing $ 100, 000 in cash, was destroyed.

Lost With All od Board. Mobile, Ala., February 20.—News has reached this city of the wreck of the British schooner E. N. Olive, and the loss of all hands, on the cast bank of Dixie Island, off the entrance to Mobile Bay. The wreck was discovered by the lookout at Fort Morgan, and the pilot-boat Lawe sailed out aud took from the rigging of the vessel one man, who died a few mlnuteB after being rescued, and without giving any explanation of the disaster. There was no other person on the schooner, and it is believed that they all perished during Wednesday night. An Infernal Machine at Harvard. Boston, Mass., February 20.—An explosion took place in the yard in front of Sever Hall,’Harvard College, shortly after midnight last night. The shock was felt very plainly in the college dormitories. The explosive machine was placed about one hundred leet away from the hall. It tore up the earth for several feet and shattered a tree. The instrument used was a hollow wooden tube, over a foot long and an inch in diameter, which had evidently been crammed full of some explosive, tightly plugged at each end, and then closely wound over its whole surface with heavy wire. A searching investigation will be made.

THE WAR IK THE SOTJDAK.

SEAT OF THE SOUDAN WAR. Description of Khartoum, the Most Important Military Post on tho t'pper Nile. This map, says the Chicago Standard (to Which paper we are indebted for the above cut), will give our readers a good idea of the seat of war in the Soudan, a region whoso geography has hitherto been but little known to the American people. The city of Khartoum, which has so long been the objective point of public interest, is located on the south bank of the Bahr-el-Azrak, or Blue Nile, a mile above (south of), the junction of that river with the Bahr-el-Abiad, or White Nile, aud the city walls reach to within less than half a mile of the latter, so that the garrison of Khartoum commands both streams. On the other side of the White Nile is the terminus of the great caravan route to Dongo la and the fortified camp from which General Hick’s ill-fated expedition set out Opposite Khartoum is the Island of Tuti, dividing the Blue Nile into two branches. The city is thus the most important post, strategically considered, on the Upper Nile, and is the natural center of military power In the Equatorial Provinces. In one other respect it is even more important to Egypt. It is at Khartoum that the Nilometer records the rising of the waters, and indicates to the farmers of the Delta the influence the melting snow will exercise upon the volume of the stream upon which their prosperity and very existence depend. Its early history is unknown. The ruins in the neighborhood of the present town indicate it to have been an important outpost of the Imperial Governmmentof the Pharaohs. Tlie vicissitudes of centuries finally reduced it to the position of a subordinate town of Senaar, commercially" tributary to Shendy, which, situated more than a hundred miles further 'down the Nile, had become the business - center of the entire Eastern Soudan. In IS 19, however, Mehemet Ali, the great Pacha and first Khedive of Egypt, determined to extend his sway as far as possible. He accordingly sent up the Nile an expedition commanded by his son’s Ibrahim — afterward Khedive for a few weeks—and Ismail—not the Khedive of that name, of course. The result of this expedition was to conquer the Eastern Soudan and annex it to the Egyptian realm, and Khartoum, at first made the base of military operations, became in 1823 the seat of Government and outstripped Shendy in commercial importance. In 1846 Pope Gregory' XVI. founded a mission there, which was long conducted by Dr. Ignaz Knoblecher. Several European consulates were also established there, that of England dating from 1849 to 1864, in which latter year it was abolished under circumstances which- gave rise to much comment The population of Khartoum has varied from 10,000 to 30,000, according to the policy of the Governor; official exactions frequently causing a sudden exodus of onethird of the inhabitants. The town contains, however, about 3,000 houses, mostly of mud and millet stalks, aud in only a few instances arranged in streets or squares. The Governor’s house is the principal building in the city. It stands on the river bank, and General Gordon said it was as large as Marlborough House, London. There have also been constructed some other buildings of importance, for in 18T1 Dr. Schweinfurth says he found there a large number of new brick buildings, a spacious quay on the Blue Nile, and slpme imposing structures on the other bank 6f the river. The land sides of the city are surrounded by a wail and ditch. The drainage of the place is bad, much of it lying below the level of high water in the river; consequently, it is an unhealthful and foulsmelling city. The inhabitants are Egyptians, Berbers, Arabs, Turks, Jews, Negroes and Europeans. DISTANCES. Prom Cairo to Old Dongolo, about 1,000 miles. From Old Dongola to Korti. about 50 milas> From Korti to Metemneh, 185 miles. From Metemneh to Khartoum. 95 miles. Not Alms, but Work. London, Feb. 19.—Sir William Vernon fiarcourt, the Home Secretary, yesterday received a deputation of unemployed workingmen, who assured him that they did not desire alms, but work. They repudiated all sympathy with any socialistic propaganda. The Home becretary was much impressed by the expressions of the deputation and assured the delegates that the Government would look into the matter closely and consider the advisability of stimulating efforts of local philanthropic bodies, with g> view of affording larger temporary relief. In addition he thought that the Government might do something in the way of emigration by communication with the British colonial authorities. Federal Election Expenses. Washington, Feb. 19.—The Secretary of the Treasury, in response to a resolution adopted on the motion of Representative Dockery, has transmittted to the House a statement of the expenses incurred under* the law providing for the appointment of Special Deputy Marshals, Supervisors of Elections and Chief Supervisors. The statement shows that during 1876, 1880, 1882 and 1884 the expenses for Special Deputies were $651,830; Supervisors, $818,834;' Chief Supervisors, $393,752; total, $1,978,

FAST IN A FLOE. A Fleet of Sailing Vessels Imprisoned In the Ice on long Island Sound—Lake Michigan Frozen from Shore to Shore— A Missing Steamer Heard From. New York, Feb. 19.—Many vessels bound to sea went out yesterday morning, but none oF the' small eraft that are believed to be lying off the coast awaiting fair weather, were able to come in. Lower Bay down to Sandy Hook is filled with floating ice, and navigation is conducted under great disadvantages. Off the quarantine statibn the ice has frbzen almost solid. Steamers and 'sailingvessels plying on the Sound have had very rough experience during the past forty-eight hours. A fleet of these vessels lies helpless in the ice above Hell Gate for a distance of twenty-five miles. The Captains of incoming vessels report the water covered with ice floes all this distance from shore to shore. Many of the steam-tugs that ply the harbor are doing a lively business in b-inging supplies to these vessels and disposing of them at their own figures. At nine o’clock a. m. yesterday, the steamers Providence, Stonington and Waterbury passed City Island in company. They moved in single file, the Providence taking the lead and the others following in the wake which she had cleared. At eleven o’clock the Providence reached her dock. Milwaukee, Wis., Feb. 19.—It is believed here that Lake Michigan is frozen from shore to shore. At one time last year the lake was entirely frozen over. That Was the first time, however, in fhany years that this has occurred. It requires an extraordinary season of cold to effect this result. Milwaukee, Wis., Feb. 19.—All doubt in regard to the safety of the propeller Michigan, missing for nine days, was set at rest by a telegram receieed by the agent here last night from Grand Haven. The dispatch announced that the Michigan was imprisoned in heavy ice seven miles off Saugatuck, twenty miles south of Grand Haven. The boat is abundantly supplied with fuel, and with milder weather will easily free herself. Seventeen of the crew walked ashore at Grand Haven yesterday. They were sent ashore in order to save provisions. One of the party, the clerk, had his foot badly frozen during the BURIED DEEP IN SNOW. Thirty Persons Supposed to Have Lost Their Lives in Utah—Twelve Bodies Recovered. Salt Lake City, U. T., Feb. 19.—The relief party which went from here to Alta, the scene of Friday night’s terrible snowslide, returned to the city at a late hour Tuesday night, bringing the bodies of twelve victims. Four of those at first reported dead were rescued alive. They are Andrew White, but little injured, who was under the snow 1 twelve hours; Fred Cuilinin, who was buried sixteen hours, sustained someginjury to his back; Mr. Koist, who was ingulfed six hours, and Mr. Ford. The body of one Chinaman was not found. The bodies, sewed in blankets, were hauled down the canyon on sleds, one of which carried the bodies of the four Ballou children, and another the remains of Mrs. Ford and baby. The latter, on the night of the terrible disaster, vainly begged of her husband that she and her child be taken to a place of safety, as she was sure a slide was coming. At the inquest yesterday nothing new was developed. The funeral services will take place to-day. Five adults and eight children are still in Alta in constant danger from snowslides and a relief party will go there to-day to bring them to this city. Snow-slides in the vicinity of Alta are of daily occurrence. One took place at Superior gulch Saturday, aud, it is believed, resulted in the death of three men who were working" there. Two men from a neighboring camp Went to Superior gulch to see if all was right there. The visitors got within sight of the cabin and tunnel. Just then they saw 'a slide start, and in an instant the cabin and tunnel were obliterated by a sea of snow. The concussion of tiie slide was sufficient to hurl the terrified witnesses to the ground, and they hurried away. In the three slides of last Friday at Alta it is believed thirty persons lost their lives. . *L Riots in Virginia Coal Fields. Lynchburg, Va., Feb. 19.—Trouble Is reported at Pocahontas, Tazewell County, and more is anticipated. Owing to the depression ot business a number of miners were recently discharged from the coal-mines. Since their dismissal several persons, among them Ilia Mayor of the town, have been fired upon in the night, and a negro policeman has been killed. Other persons, including a mine boss, have been ordered to leave town under penalty of death. The citizens held a massmeeting last night, condemned the outrages and subscribed money for the equipment of the police force. —Every penitentiary in Texas is provided with a kennel of three or more bloodhounds for the purpose of hunting escaped convicts.—St. Louis Lost, ■

THE LEADING IDEAS. All the Cobwebs and All the Corruption WUl Be Swept Away. The leading issue of the Democratic party in the Presidential campaign was reform. The Republican party, with its policy of centralism, was fast rivet* ing itself upon the Government, and it was clearly seen that if it was allowed to retain its power much lodger our boasted republican form would prove a failure. An oligarchy was entrenching itself at Washington, and corruption and tyranny prevailed in high places. The office-holders formed an army which the ringsters used to support their evil cause, and it was manifest to all honest, liberty-loving men that unless the Republican party could be overthrown the country would be ruined. The Democratic party had been defrauded and defeated 'so often that many of the older party workers had become almost disheartened; but the brave and patriotic leaders determined never to give up, and in 1881 determined to make another gallant fight. With reform as the issue, and with a tried, trusty and fearless reformer as the standard-bearer, the Democracy put on renewed strength and went forth to win. Honest Republicans who were disgusted with ringism and Republican corruption, allied themselves with the reform party, and did efficient work hf defeating the part}* in power.

xievei was a ^oauuat victory won Dy fairer methods; never did a political victory inspire greater confidence. Democrats who had always kept heart rejoiced; Democrats who had become disheartened over continued defeat rejoiced; Independent Republicans, who cared more for good government than for party, rejoiced. Honest and patriotic people in every part of this broad land sent up huzzas when the election returns showed that the majority of electoral votes belonged to Grover Cleveland. Now what do we understand by reform? In the first place, the leaks in the public Treasury must be stopped. The jobbers, the Star-rbute thieves, and the partisan supernumaries must be gotten rid of. The first step toward this reform will be a Democratic Cabinet, selected from the wisest men in the pavty. Just on the eve of the new administration the party in power is using every effort to thwart the will of the people by appointing partisans to office and making their commissions read four years from date. In every State complaint is being made that Repubans who .were appointed for terms of four years are resigning, so that other Republicans can take their places and entrench themselves behind the Civil-Service law. This highhanded scheme will not work. The holders who engage actively in politics shall forfeit their offices; it provides that men appointed for partisan purposes shall be removed. If the Republicans are allowed to fill all the offices with partisans the object of Democratic reform would be defeated. And this *5nustnofrbe. We have indorsed every utterance of Mr. Cleveland' on CivilService Reform, and we rejoice to know that nothing can swerve him from his policy. The public is indulging in fear for nothing if it is thought for a moment that Mr. Cleveland will not be quick to remove all the Republican appointees who have received their commission from the death-bed Administration for the purpose simply of keeping out Democrats. As we have said frequently there are thousands of Republicans in the Departments who have violated the CjvilService law by responding to the blackmail circulars” of the Republican finance committees. There are thousands who have grossly violated the law by taking an active part in the Republican campaigns. These men are subject to removal. On the other hand there are many Republicans in office who have proved themselves efficient and lawobserying; who have observed the CivilService law to, the letter, These .men will not be removed. But few if any of the appointments made since the election come under this head. * The reform boom will be taken up by Mr, Cleveland on the -itIt of March, and all the cobwebs and all the corruption will be swept away. It may take time to accomplish the great work, but in less than a year we predict that the Federal offices will be so filled and managed as to give the utmost satisfaction to the honest public. —Richmond (Va.) State. .

A COMMON SCOLD. The “New York Herald” on the Failure to Confirm the Nicaraguan Treaty. The New York Herald has shown itself capable of taking a high and independent position and giving wise counsel, and we are the more surprised and saddened, that it should have so far parted from its philosophy as to imagine that President Cleveland’s Administration is a failure before it begins, simply because the Nicaraguan treaty, an ill-vised and ill-timed affair, has just suffered defeat in the Senate. We can not believe that a journal which advances so calmly, if not grandly, amid the shocks and strains of great public questions that are constantly recurring, could be so disturbed as the Herald has shown itself to .be, were the consideration pure concern for the welfare of the Democratic party and the prosperity of the country. It has stood many such disappointments with sweet resignation. It has seen its counsels disregarded and commented upon the fact with only the mildest and most courteous murmurs. What then is the exciting cause of all this present fuss and fury over a question that at least half of the people in the country have not looked upon with approval? Mr. Bayard seems to be the target of the Herald's anathemas, and the inspiration of its gloomiest prophecies. We should even infer that it supposed that Mr. Bayard and Mr. Blaine were in league to ruin the country and destroy Democratic chances four years hence. It says: “It is a notorious fact that Mr. Blaine has used every influence and artifice at his command to defeat these treaties. Why? 'Because he knows that thereby ho stales the Democratic party, and even before Mr. Cleveland enters the White House prepares the way for a Republican triumph in 1888. And Mr. Bayard acts as the assistant of Mr. Blaine, and persuades and bulldozes timid and , ignorant Democrats to follow hiif» into this pit prepared by the wily enemy of the Democrats.” It also exhorts the incoming President to lift up his voice against the fatuity of whieh Mr., Bayard is the head and front, for if the “Democratic party is going to accept the latter’s leadership, it may as wen make up its mind to defeat and disgrace from the beginning. These are extravagant and somewhat reckless' terms; bnt in asking the President-elect

I to take a step that would be manifestly improper at the same time, that is. advise Democratic leaders what they should or should not do before he has assumed the oflioia! right to do io, it also vitiates the force of its attack upon Mr. Bayard, and rises little, if any, above the blusterer and common scold. It overshoots the mark. It arouses suspicion that its disappointment is based upon something that the public cannot see. At any rate, it is so keen that the public cannot understand it or sympathize with it. —Boston Post. THE BAWN OF DEMOCRACY.

An Awakeuing Spirit of Relief aud Confidence. A short time remains of, that selfish, partisan rule which so long has paralyzed the energies of the Nat'on and diverted industry, enterprise and capital from their legitimate channels. The I long night of official ineompeteney and knavery, of mercenary dealings in high places and the degradation of the holiest principles of patriotism to the level of lobby traffic, of the .National Government acting as a decoy duck for Wall street sharpers, and the customs enabling a gang of sharpers to become millionaires, of frauds iu the 1‘ost-Oftiee, frauds in the Navy, frauds in the Treasury, frauds in the Indian Bureau, in fine, frauds everywhere, is drawing to a close, and the dawn of Democracy, that new era of honesty and reform, is at hand. The popular voice having pronounced in favor of those principles and purposes, based on solicitude for the public weal and set forth in tho pithy language of the Democratic platform, the popular heart expands with pleasure as the day draws near for the application of those principles and purposes to our Government. Even the expiring efforts of the spoilers, who have grown insolent and reckless in office, to beset the path of the incoming Administration with snares and difficulties. have no effect upon the popular mind, so general and overwhelming is the feeling of relief for the change. The Republican leaders, under whom partisan lyrautty has been carried to an' extent subversive of the fundamental principles of right and justic >, aud has been characterized by unlimited spoliation in office and venality in legislation, having been served by an outraged and long-enduring Nation with a writ of e'eL-tment.from the office; and power they abused, and now devoting their energies to embarrass their successors. They cling to power to the last, and are not yet able to realize that the day for ill-gotten gains and illegitimate trading in the name of the Government is nearly over, and that in another month every foul spot and .long-concealed nest of official plunder will be revealed in the sunlight of reform and honesty. Already the beneficial influence -of the new regime is making it-clf felt,, and the lobbyist and the treaty maker, the post trader and the contractor, the sly t icker-on to appropriation bills and the Wall street sharp, no longer lift their heads in Washington with that confident air of other days. They recognize the approach of an era at the capital when there will be no place for them, when the Government will be administered, to use the words of the Presidentelect, “in the honest, simple and plain manner which is consistent with its character and purposes.” *■ Tlie uneasiness of the lobby aud other traders in Government patronage is revealed in the petulcnt manner in which they call for information as to the designs and purposes of the incoming administration. One would imagine to read their childish complaints, that they had a so-1 of hereditary right to be first ^ consulted or informed on all important J matters attending a change of Government. They cannot understand the full meaning of a pure and honest administration of National affairs, but al ter the fourth of March they will have every opportunity of learning it. With Re- ■ publican rule will soon pass away tlie period of business depression which basso long prevailed, and there are already encouraging signs— large factories and mills resuming work, orders flowing in and new enterprises being founded. The people will not be long \ before they experience, to thei fullest extent, the blessings of the change of Government and the revivifying influence of the dawn of Democracy at the Gaoitol, after twenty-five years of Republican night.—Albany Argus. REPUBLICAN PREDICTIONS.

uoping . mat Lieveiami s Aumiatsirauou Will Prove Unacceptable. Republican papers, taking counsel ot their wishes, are predicting that the Cleveland Administration will not be acceptable to the “Bourbon” element of the party. They credit the Presidentelect with being a reformer, although they bitterly denied him this honor in the campaign; and they are certain his reform tendency will bring him in conflict with the hungry members of the Sarty that elected him. Even Mr. eecher, while believing the new President’s “efforts at reform will be sustained by the best elements of both par- - ties, thinks they will give offense to '■nffiir» hie rwrrn '* It is very easy to see what the Republican press means by the “reform” it affects to attribute to Mr. Cleveland; it is tenderness toward Republican officeholders. Possibly Mr. Beecher, too, may have some such idea in his head. But it may be well to remember that the President-elect is a Democrat, and was chosen as a Democrat. His election was a declaration that the people had enough of Republicanism and wanted something else. His administration, shaped as it ought to he by this popular decision, will be distinctly Democratic, just as the administrations for twenty-four years past have been distinctively Republican. It will give the country the change it asks for. It will take counsel with Democrats—the best men in the party—not men who are part Republicans, but men who are altogether Democrats. It is to be hoped that the “better element in the Republican party” will sea its way clear to support its policy; but, if by “the better element in the Republican party” is meant such partisans as Mr. Evarts, Mr. Sherman and Mr. Edmunds, we do not believe Mr. Cleveland will go one stepjout of th§ plain Democratic path to secure it. “The better element of tha i Republican party” is mot worth considaringin the matter. The country is very tired of it, and has plainly said so. No doubt Mr. Cleveland would commend himself warmly to the Republican press if he were to allow a large body of Republicans to remain in office. But if this is the hope they are building on they will probably be rudely undeceived. Cleveland is a reformer, indeed; but he will prove it in some Detter way than bj retaining a large body of Republican barnacles in position under a Democratic administration,—Sf. Lauu fie