Pike County Democrat, Volume 15, Number 14, Petersburg, Pike County, 14 August 1884 — Page 4

PIKE COUNTY 'DEMOCRAT. Published Every Th irsday. PETERSBURG. - - - INDIANA. 1 WO GRAY HEADS. Two fray heads at the sate: Lingering kisses, olaspiu* of hands— The grand-daughter there vrith her baby stands; The horses prance. u<\“ 'he tra.-elora wait; Tbo dr.vor shouts We are latel" The hour-glass stays n•}. Its sar ds For the old man and his ma te. They wave “flood-bye! ” from the door flung over with morning-vines, Her soul through her aged features shines. And the sun streams over bis white locks pour;. | They are lover and bride, atiof yore. In their cottage under the pines. Although thov are full four-score. The eyes th it look up to hit. And meet half-way his oaressirg glance— The beautiful, heart-fresh countenance— Nothing t uoroiti doos the bride {room miss Of her maiden tenderness; And the thoughtful years enhance Unto hor nobleness. For three score golden years They have shared life's homeliness and its gtace; Time's plow-mark furrows the wrinkled face But, deep in the channels of long-dried tears, A Ik'ivcCAiniltir irlnuw annnani.. A t»:os«om»njf glory appear:'.; Unfading faith in the pit_ Of transient sorrows and fears. A steady life-time through Soul has beeu unto soul as aguidtng light: They have lived in a realm “wt,ere there is no night, where love is eternal, because It is true: And Heaven will be hardly hew when it breaks on their fa ling sight Through oelestiul morning dew. Two gray heads in the sun; Each in its halo of silvery llgbltl Fair as the mountain-foreheads, whito. Their brews in the purenoss they have won: , „ Some love-tales in tolltng are done; But the Blofy these old lovers writo is a story forever begun. —Lucy Larcnm, tit Conirreputtonalis!. THE BULLS AND BEARS. Observation* from the Gallery of the New York Stock*Exchange—Yatmg Lady VI * <^tora I qulrins for Vanderbilt and Gould — V ltusy Time.

The flutter of pink ribbons and a balmy odor of roses caused the waiting messenger-boys In the YVjdl street entrance to the Stock Exchange to hush their noisy chatter for a moment. A dozen pairs of eyes cast admiring glances upon a bustling party of young people who wore about to'climb t ie long iron st airway. The party included three vivacious young ladies' and two sedate young men. The ladies wore bright spring costumes of blue, and nd olive, the charming effects of pink, and---- w which were- heightened by profuse floral adornments. “Oh, my, what a queer place P’ “Isn’t it splendid?" “Goodness, just hear the racket 1” Such were the ejaculations that escaped from feminine lips in quick succession. One of the gentlemen ted the way to the visitors’ galleries with the air of a person who had a proprietory interest in the building. He was a a jaunty little man. with a brisk, knowing air. A bunch of pauses nestled iin the top but tod-hole of his cutaway coat. The vigilant doorkeeper recognized in him a member of the Kxehange to whom fortune had been kind. ” The squeeze 0i Lackawanna stock a week ago is said to have put a 2ool $30,000 into the pocket of this jaunty little man. A noise like the moan ing of a gale saluted the ears of the visitors wKen they reached the top of the stairway. It grew louder as they advanced through a glass-tkorec vestibule toward a long, narrow corridor. A partly-open door at the left of the vestibule revealed to the curious gaze of the ladies a large, square room , with a high pulpit desk omene side, with two hundred or threeWin * " -- hundred sed.ts arrano'ed ii» amphitheater fashion. Ten or twelve men were grouped around the high desk. “This is the bond room," the young broker explained. “All transact ons in bonds are carried there, and the meetings of the govern committee are also held in tha ing Toora.' The young ladies were impatient t< find out from when 1 e came Their jaunty chaperon led the no se them entire length of the narrow eorrido and, pushing open a swinging leathe door, ushered the 'party into a sms gi.llery.at the south end of iihe buildiw It was two o’clock p. m., and the plat was comfortably tilled. Tike broker e bowed the strangers right and left, at placed his friends close up against tl front, of the gallery, where they coul command an unobstructed view of tl g y't trad'ng-room. roar , ▼oices from below was-H^ilhit an deafening. The market happened I be fairly a tive, and there were pe baps three hundred and fifty brokers o the floor of the Ex hange. They wer divided up into groups of ten, twenl and thirty jiersojs each, and to the pu: zled spectators each group seemed 1 be striving to make more noise than i neighbor. Host of the men on the hoc were young—some mere boys in appeal ance. Here and there perhaps a grai beard might be seen, but nine-tenths 1 the active brokers were apparently ui der forty years of age. A iew'wei bare-headed, and those who wore hai had them lilted back on their heads s though they were in the way. TL more excitable men had also pushe their coat sleeves up above their e bows, and, as they waved Iheir am above the heads of their fellow-broker the rattling of their cuff-buttons coul almost be heard in the galleries. It was a curious and perplexing sigl —as changeable as the shifting views i a kaleidoscope, and as amusing at time as mischievous boys at play. An eaaei jostling crowd, drawn together in "th street by some trivial accident, will ii variably form a picture of more or les interest. Here in the Stock-Exchange do: en such crowds are in view at onci Like eddies in the water, they start u from slight disturbances, expand in nt dulating circles, and then gradual! break away into mild ripples here an there. At no time during busines hours does the noisy activity - vet .Through the length and breadth of great blue-domed hall men he and scramble, rudely pushing and shi ing in their eagernesss to bargain jostling one another in playful sp< "ere at one end of the room brokers swarm like bees around

man with a flushed face and up-lifted arms. He seems to be bristling with indignation, and his voice is heard in terse, piercing exclamations. The men about him press closer anc return his shouts with cries equally shrill. He shakes a clenched hand at them, and immediately a dozen arms are stretched toward him with vicious energy. He increases the violence of hid gesticulations and seemingly hurls defiance at the excited crowd. Then there is an impetuous rush, many voices mingle in a prolonged yell, and in n twinkling the crowd has dissolved, imd two or three brokers are quietly jotting down memoranda in their little books. A few feet away two men meet and exchange mild salutations. A third man comes np and drops a remark that falls like a burning Incifer in a powder magazine. Instantly there is an explosion. The three men jump up and down, beat the air with their arms, and yell like delegates in a convention. In two seconds they form the center of an eager mob, which circles about them like a la the middle of the floor er demonstration is in progress. i of smlmatcd broken; appear to ring a Mar dance around a tall On top of the staff is a framed K the words ‘Denver A A little farther ah staff holds aloft the l»» "Lou whirlwind.

similar staffs:display conspicuous inscriptions. Bach of these staffs his its duster of men. and the hugger clusters are linked together by smaller ones, forming an almost unbroken chain of surging, roaring humanity, extending from one endW the room to the other. The three ybOng ladies gazed with speechless cageinqss upon the turbulent scene until thair bright eyes grew round with wdnderi The youngest, a fairhaired miss scarcely out of her teens, turned to the broker after a while,, and said: “For mercy’s sake, what are they doing down there?’* The young man smiled as he replied: “Why, that’s business." < “Gracious!” said the little ladv. with a pretty frown. “1 don’t see how anybody can do business in such a hubbub,” “That is what all strangers, and especially ladies, say when they come here,” said the young man with an important air. “Nevertheless, in all of this seeming chaos, business proceeds systematically, rapidly, and with a degree of accuracy that knows no parallel m ordinary mercantile {transactions. The men who trade here seldom have disputes, yet they buy and sell millions of dollars’ worth of securities every day. They have no time for written contracts. With them minutes are as precious as diamonds, and seconds are golden. A shake of the finger, a nod of the head, or perhaps only a wink, are frequently the only signs that pass between them in the bargains involving thousands of shares of stocks. -You see quickness and atsolue integrity are essential to the kind of business th t is done here. When the market is lively and stocks a-e changing in value every minute, there can be no hesitating and no repudiating of bad bargains. A broker’s ‘I’ll take it,’is as binding as the most formidable lega.l document ever written, and after a seller has said: ‘It’s your stock,’ the bargain is closed. Occasionally I have known the price of a stock to go up two points within half j a minute after a seller had nodded aflirmatively to a buyer, who was: but one of a score of brokers scrambling for the stock. By simply contending that no sale had tiecn intended at such times the seller might have realized au advance of ten thousand, dollars or twelve thousand dollars on his stoek.

Hut do you think that any member of tho Stook Exchange would dare do such a thing? No, indeed! No member would dare.” “Which is Mr. Vanderbilt?” queried one of tue ladies with charming indifference to her chaperon’s earnestness. “Mr. Vanderbilt never comes here,” answered the young broker, somewhat cttrtly. “He is not' even a member of the Stock Exchange.” “Well, which is Mr. Gould?” “Neither is Mr. Gould a member of the Exchange.” “Why, I am sure that I read in the newspapers a short time ass> that Mr. Vanderbilt and Mr. Goulil were supporting the stock market,” persisted the lady. “And that was true,” replied the young man, laughing Softly at his fair companion’s earnestness. “Those two men have separately and unitedly endeavored to do the atlas act with" the stock market upon various occasions, but in all their piauipulations they are represented here by brokers. There are certain firms in Wall street which are looked upon as Mr. Vanderb lt’s brokers, and certain other firms which are commonly spoken of as Mr. Gould’s brokers, but each of these great financiers does business secretly through firms that are ofteu n rt suspected 'of the.association. When a big'operator desires to make an important turn in the market he can not afford to let ‘the street’ know through whom he is operating. Speculators in slocks watch the regular brokers of Vanderbilt and Gould as closely as the mice in a kitchen watch the family cat. Many a smart broker has had his nejjk twisted | in trying to nibble Mr. Gould’s cheese. I “Did you ever try to get any of Mr. Gould’s cheese?” asked one of the maidens, rougishly. “Well, if 1 have tried I certainly have never succeeded,” was the ambiguous reply. , For a few minutes every member of the quintet remained silent. Suddenly a pair of roving eves, under the brim of-a saucy pink hat, espied a lot of white numbers on tho black front of the gallery at the other end of the room. • “Look! look, girls!” she exclaimed. “See those numbers change over there. The figures *32’ nave just faded away and‘34’is ooming out. Now number ‘o’ up in the corner has gone, and, see, ‘12’ and ‘20’ have just appeared, on tho same row. How funny. I wonder if the same thing is being done on the front of our gallery ” Looking down over the railing in front of her. sho added: “Yes, it ts just the same. What are these numbers for, Mr. C.?” “Those are the signs by which members on tho floor are notified that somebody at the door wants to see them. In so great a crowd, and with so much noise.it is extremely difficult for'a messenger-boy to find any particular Serson. and it is impossible for the oorkeepers, in shouting the names, to make themselves heard more than ten feet away. Each member of the Exchange, therefore, has a number, and whenever an inquiry is rtrade at the door for a member an attendant touches'an electric button and causes the nnmber of the desired man to appear on these conspicuous blackboards. As soon as the member responds to the call another button is touched and the number disappears. The arrangement is on the sanfo principle as the electric calls in hotels.” “But what are those boys In uniform doing?” asked one of the ladies, indicating with her parasol a, number of young men olad in brass-buttoned suits ot gray, who were dodging briskly about on the crowded floor. “Some of them are pages whose services are required by the members, and some of them are employed by the Gold and Stock Telegraph Company to report the sales, prices, etc. AU of the quotations sent out of the Stock Exchange as official are picked up by those active and expert reporters. If you watch closely you will see them, book and pencil in hand, ho vering ou the outskirts of every crowd where trading is going on. They have to be on the alert constantly.”

** Are they expected to record every transaction that occurs?” said the broker's male companion “It does not seem possible that they should be able to do such a thins *.inid all of this noise, confusion and scrambling. “ Of course, they do not, get all of the sales,” replied the broker. “I presume they do not get one quarter of them, but they get all they can, and their reports show pretty accurately the condition of the market. Some days when the trading is uncommonly lively the reporters don’t get more than one out of every ten sains that are made.” “ Do all members of the Stock Exchange get rich?” suddenly propounded the girl with the pink hut The young broker east a searching look into the demure face of the questioner. Seeing nothing there to lead him to doubt the sincerity of the question. he looked thoughtfully up at the ceiling and palled Ins muiitaohe savagely. After a while ho answered: “My unwavering regard far the truth compels me to sav that all of the members of the Stock Exchange ire not rich at present. Many at them, iin fact, are feeling too poor to hold ((ihelr seats. With afew noted exceptions, the mem- ‘ of this board hare fared rather

mission usually look for tlielr profits to buyers outside of the i-efralar Wall street community of specu lators. It has been a long time, however, since any outside buvere have sent In orders. The general pnblie seems to have grown suspicious of Wall street A membership in the Stock Exchange three years ago was worth *35,000. Now member, ships are selling at *21,00 > and *22,000 each, and dunng the recent panic 1 understood that a seat was sold for *20,OOX Brokers that used to live at the rate of *30.000 to $40,0X1 a year ate now exercising the most rigid economy. Why, half-a-dozen fellows that I know have got the retrenchment lever so bad that they will wait mound a corner for ten minutes for one of those cheap yellow cabs to take them up tpwn.v' ‘•How much are the brokers paid for buying or selling stocks for other people?” inquired one of the party. “inthe usual run of business a broker's commission is | per cent, each way. When he buys $5,0J0 worth of stock for a customer he charges i per cent, on that amount. If he sells the same stock he charges a commission of 1 per cent, for making the sale. It occasionally happens that one broker will have more business than he can handle. When such is the case the fortunate broker I gives some other broker a job, and divided the J per rent/'commission with him. Then there is what we call the •two-dollar brokers,’ members who work without capital and buy and sell in the .Exchange at the stated rate of *2 for-each loO shares.” Banff! bang! bang! went the Chairman's little black wooden hammer on the metallic block that forms a part of his high desk. There was a barely perceptible diminution in the noise of voices, and about one-foi»rth of the brokers on the Boor rushed pell-mell to the desk. A score of them ran nn the steps at the side and crowded in behind the Chairman and around him and nis dignified lieutenant Several little slips of white paper were handed to the Chairman, and as he read brief notices from them the men in front of the desk pressed up as cl<>sely as possible in their eagerness to hear. After each notice the Chairman would raise his hammer only to let it fall with a clatter in obe

ctience to a not! or a shout trom some frantic broker in the crowd. “What is the matter now?” asked the three ladies in unison: “Has somebody failed?” ' “Oh, no,” was the young broker’s reply. “it is 2:16 o’clock—the delivery hour—and securities' are being bought and sold under the rule for non-de-livery. The rules of the Exchange provide that where securities are sold in the regular way all deliveries must be made before 2:15 p. m., and when the deliveries are not made by that time the contracts may be closed' under the rule aftier due notice to the defaulting party. Sometimes these transactions, under the rule, are important and significant, but as a general thing they imply either temporary inconvenience or forgetfulness, ” “I uoticed,” said one of the ladies, as the party turned to leave the gallery, “that one of those tall posts down there has a card upon it with the word •Loans.’ Does that mean that whenever brokers are in need of money tn<^ can go there and borrow some?” “Mo, indeed,” promptly answered the broker. “The loan crowd that clusters about that post have stocks and not money to lend. They are prepared to accommodate brokers with loans of securities at daily rates of from | to 1, 2, 3 or 4 per cent. The loaning rate of any active stock, of course, depends altogether upon the transactions in that stock. Sometimes a borrower has to pay an exorbitant rate for the use of stocks which he is obliged to have to meet a sudden call made upon him by somebody to whom he has sold stock without delivering it. Such an occasion is called a ‘squeeze.’” 4*“ What is a ‘bull?’” suddenly asked th& maiden with the pink hat. “A ‘bull’ is a person who has securities to sell, and wants the prices of everything to go up.” “What is a ‘bear?’ ” “ A ‘bear’ is a person who sells securities that he has not got, with the understanding that they are to be delivered at some future time, and he wants the price to go down, so that h6 may be able to buy as cheaply as possible the securities that he must deliver.” Having acquired all of this information the young broker’s four friends walked immediately over to the SubTreasury, and asked Mr. Acton to let them see the gold and silver vaults.—N. T. Times. Zeelauders. Market-day is generally a holiday as well in Holland. On the slightest pretext out come all the antique finery and all the family jewels, and they wear them in profusion, men, women and children, in Zeeland. They pile on the entire hoard on nearly every salient part of their person. The dreiss of the Zeelandere is by far the most complete and elaborate of any part pf Holland. It is rarely nowadays that the men resist the inroads of modern fashion, bat here they keep strictly to the costume of their forefathers. Still, if you take the ensemble of the male “get up,” it is rather mixed in periods and styles. The hat—one shape of it especially— (there are three varieties) with the universal cut of hair and the closely-shaven face, has a purely fifteenth-century effect. Such a number did 1 meet that reminded me of the portraits of the Eleventh .Louis of France, or certain heads in Van Eyek’s pictures! The shirt-collars, often embroidered with black lines, and fastened with large gold button-links, are fifteenth century also. The jacket seems to be a survival of the jerkin of two centuries later. The velvet kneebreeches are evidently a century later still, as the shoes are. The silver buckles on the nether garments are often chased* richly; while as for the four great silver' waist buttons, or rather plates, that half encircle the belt, emoellished often with Scriptural subjects in repousse, there fa a vague sort of impression that they must have survived sincj the wandering Gauls overran the islands of Zeeland. The other style of nether garment is short, wide, ilowinof velvet trousers. On hnth

these there is the same profusion of silver plate, and both styles have on either side, back of the hip, a deep narrow pocket Exactly where the wild Texan Ranger secludes his revolver, the Zeelander carries his brace of sheathknives. They are about the size and shape and usefulness of the sort; of knife that one takes to a good-sized ham. The handles are often of richly-chased silver, or .the more modest box-wood carved in qua’nt old design. These murderous implements, I need not say, are carried out more to complete the costume of the country than for actual service, though they do not say that every proper Zeelander knows well how to use them in case of need. We all know how unhappy the most amiable full-dressed Highlander would be without a few dirks about bis girdle, and pt least one handy in his garter. So doth the genial Zeeland peasant sport his pair of carvers, not nece sarily to use bn a friend, but rather on his broad and cheeae! ~i/arper’s Magazine. —There is an error in *tbe common saying that we ought to speak only good of the dead. We should nay only good of any one, living or dead, unless we are compelled in the fulfillment of » real duty to say what is bail But, whether it be good or bad, we should ipeaktbe |r»th.—The

Farmers as Bayers or Dairy Mack. There in a class of breeders that seems to utterly ignore the common farmer as a purchaser of stock. They do not seem to desire bis patronage. As a result at c>ur stock sales the buyers are mostly what we call professional breeders- The rn’e has been that the money which has been exchanged for purebred stock has gone round in a little i ircle, and breeders and importers have been living off themselves. It would seem as if. that sort of diet would get very monotonous after awhile. In fact it has come to b ■ monotonous to many breeders and they are cultivating the patronage of the common farmer. The larmer is the principal breeder of this country. He is called a farmer and not a breeder, but if be should stop breeding, there would be very little left of the lire stock business as an extensive industry. It has been of late years, and is now the custom to speak of creameries as representing the entire dairy interest. The farmer is pretty nearly lost sight of. But it is the farmer who is the basis of the creamery, and it is the farmer who makes most of the butter. We are always talking of impiovmgthe dairy products, but we shall never have universally good dairy products until the farmer everywhere is interested in the reform. We need lo induce him to get better cows and adopt better methods; and every time we get an inferior private dairy to be superior in character, we have extended the demand for our dairy stock, for every new importation of good dairy stock into a community advertises it and excites an interest in it. In some respects, as it seems to ns, breeders have conducted their business very injudiciously. It is well known that a farmer who has no experience with pure-bred cattle, thinks, or may think, that the high prices which they frequently bring, is extortion and must prove ruinous to the .buyer. That is a natural feeling. Large outlays for what we do not fully understand, appears like taking a leap into the dark. But ■ the breeders and the pjpess to a large extent have seemingly made a studied effort to keep this class of men in ignorance of the-fa t that cattle can be

oougnt at low prices ss well as high. The low priced cattle usually are not as good as the high priced, but they are very much better than none, as we have frequently said; and the Mural and Stockman has tried to encourage the common farmer to attend the public sales by assuring him that rt nearly all of them cattle are sold for less than a hundred dollars a head. Except in the Jtural and Stockman, however, no mention :is ever made of such sales. But we will guarantee that the time wdl come when both breeder and farmer will thank us for this course. Our purpose is to get fanners interested in pure-bred stock. We know that it is to their interest to breed up—that it will be money in their pockets. We would like to see our farms rid of unprofitable cows, and it is going to be no fault of ours if they are not. We do not expect to induce many who have never given attention to the sub'ect of pure-bred stock, to invest hundreds of dollars in a cow or bull. But we do expect to start a good many toward fortune by inducing them to tiegin with a little low priced stock.— Western Murat. Precautions Against Drought. While we can not influence the rainfall we can, at least, mitigate the effects of drought to a certain extent by the proper preparation and cultivation of the soil. It is a well-known fact that when the soil is kept in a loose, fine friable condition'it not only absorbs moisture from the atmosphere, espe dally at night, but allows the downward course of the water during showers instead of a loss by flowing off, as is the case when the surface is hard. A loose, deep soil also permits an upward tendency of water by cap'llary attraction, the loose soil thus storing moisture by its g eater power of absorption when rains are abundant. Wo therefore find in time of severe drought that the frequent use of the cultivator, even when the soil apparently does not require working, is very beneficial, the greenish tinge of the growing corn giving evidence that the constant stirring of the soil enables the crop to derive a certain proportion of moisture that it could not otherwise obtain. The leaves of plants give off moisture very rapidly. When 'we sprinkle a plant with water the moisture is not absorbed by the leaves, as many suppose, but it arrests, temporarily, the rapid evaporation that constantly takes place, which is greatest when the season is very warm. We may safely compare* a growing plant to a pump, which brings the moisture from below and discharges it from the leaves. The moistture is collected by the roots, which spread in every direction, and the amount of moisture given off in a day by a plant, as corn, for instance, is very great. We can not, of course, water a field of corn, but we can at least lessen the amount of water which it gives off. The warmer the soil the more active the plant in search of moisture. Among the agencies used for assisting to retain moisture is plaster, which absorbs moisture to a oertain degree from the atmosphere. Any material that serves as a mulch will impart great benefit to a growing crop, not only by preventing the evaporation of moisture Irom the soil, hut also by keeping the earth cool. ’The only method known, however, for securing the largest proportion of moisture is, as we stated, the deep, constant and thorough pulverization of the soil. Thebe is another fact to be considered. Weeds and grass also give off moisture, and every weed that grows by the side nt » plant intended for cropping d~ I f lvo ilAC'ienjI nl.\„t prives the desired plant of moisture Sometimes the weed or blade of gras requires more moisture than the planl an i nourishes, while the plant dies Clean cultivation, therefore, prevent the robbery of the plant of moisture b destroying weeds and grass. As tw plants of the same kind growing tc gather are rivals, the one strugglinj against the other for supremacy in pr« curing food and moisture, we should b cautious not to have too manyplants t the hill. _ If 'danger occurs durin drought thin out every plant that ca: bo spared in order that the stronge and more thrifty may have better oppoi tunities to mature. A. clean surtac and deop tillage will often savo a croi that would otherwise be lost during ; dry season.—Philadelphia Record.

Soil Exhaustion. Was any soil ever exhausted? A threshing machine is “exhausted ” when, the grain ceases to run into the measure, because the man at the cylinder has stopped feeding. In the same manner a soil is exhausted when a crop is a failure, from the. fact that the soil soil hits not been fed. The soil is a machine for turning out grass, grain, beef, wool and milk, and yon must put it in at the hopper or you need not expect much at the spout. When farming comes down to this “machine basis,” we will have “farming that pays,” in the full meaning of those words. Prof. Jordan is helping on lhat day by showing that all crops are exhaustive, though in different degrees. The amount of food elements removed in a crop is not a perfect measure of the exhaustion, ana this fact complicates mat'ers. but the “machine idea” will “hold water” nevertheless. Yon may play Bharp dodges on a n ew soil, but an old one, long in the service, will not give grain for chaff. No overdrafts an allovred.—Philadelphia Press. —If yon are buying carpets for dura* bility, choose snail figures.

USEFUL AND SUGGESTITE. —Good horses are scarce and dear, and growing- more scarce and dear every year.—Chicago Tribun —It is said that stove polish will be blacker and more glossy when moistened with turpentine than with any other liquid. —If a little powdered sage is mixed with pepper and salt and is scattered over pork' steak while it is cooking it will give an agreeable flavor and will lessen the purely greasy taste so objectionable to most people.— Cincinnati Times. * —Few effects are more beautiful and striking than that produced by planting together climbing roses and clematises. The habits of growth of the two are so similar, and yet their general appearance is so dissimilar, that they group nicely. They both blossom about the same time.—Troy Times. —Few things in the progress of the civilised _ world are more astonishing than the inc reased consumption of wool! This is best shown in the statistical account of tne production, which in the year 1830 was 320.000,000 pounds, while in 1871 it was nearly 2,000,000,000 pounds. Owing to the great progress made in improving the breeds of sheep the quality is also much better than formerly. —Some farmers believe that clovei can be grown indefinitely without exhausting the soil. This is true provided the clover is fed on the farm and the manure returned. There is some’ loss even with this method, as it is impossible to return what goes into stock sold off; but this exhaustion is less than what the clover roots get from the subsod, which would otherwise be unavailable as plant food.— Prairie Farmer. —The amount of the crop of strawberries next year will depend much on the treatment of the bed this year. A strong growth late in summer and during the first half of the autumn will give a good crop next year. Scatter manure between the rows or about the stools, and work it into the surface soil with a steel rake or hoe, if in the garden; or with horse culture in the field. Keep the runners out and a fine growth will be the result—Chicago Times.

—A most excellent pudding is made by stewing one pound of prunes until they are so tender that the stones may be removed without difficulty. Take one quart of sweet milk, and subtract a teacupfnl; into this stir enough flour to make it like thick paste, then mix it with the rest of the milk; beat four eggs very light, and add, and lastlv stir in the primes over which you have first sifted a little flour. Boil or steam for two hours. Serve hot, with some highly flavored sauce; vanilla or wine sauce are preferred.—K Y. Post. —Give your wife an efficient helper. Do not expect her to do the housework, the family sewing, run the dairy, care for the poultry, harvest and preserve fruits and rear a family. If you have not tried the “help** cure, commence now, and an actual money profit will be found in the transact'on. Doctor’s bills will be less. Comfort will reign. The food will be better. The butter will bring higher prices. The poultry will lay more eggs and thrive better. The winter’s upply of preserved fruits will be larger and more varied. Best of all you wJl feel like a larger man.— Cleveland Leader. How to Trim a Fruit Tree. No man should start out to trim a fruit tree on a theory not based on what is wanted from its growth. A good many act and talk about the business just as if a fruit tree were grown for its timber. But the thing wanted out of a fruit treo is its fruit; this is down to the hard-pan as to the purpose of its culture. The way to trim a tree is that which gives us the most luscious harvest. It’s the sun that helps to this return for our care. The right pruning, therefore. is that which leaves the tree spray so that the sun can tint with its pencil, and ripen by the chemistry of its rays, every fruit. Most men begin the work in the lower limbs, and lop them until, year by year, the tree takes a form as lank as a lean and feather-stripped turkey. But the place to begin is at the top, unless the maze of ctiss-cross branches puzzles your downward sight and work. If so, cut out first those interlacing limbs; then, starting from the tree-top, so lop the limbs and sprays as to leave none to chafe its fellows, and that each radiating branch may stretch from the trunk or main limbs outward into a space open to the sun and air' all around its fronds and foliage. It needs, besides the wit to judge about this business, a good dessl of courage to rightly'prune. Most men are timid about the duty; they fear lest the cutting out of so much wood will shorten the crop. Have no such fears; no well-bearing tree does its best unless the fruit is thinned. Though the number will be less, the better size will make the quantity about the same, and the quality far superior. So, if you thin out the branches, you virtually thin the fruit, without the job of picking off the little settings, and, at the same time, open the tree to sun and ' air. There are fewer men who have the courage to thin their fruits than tc prune thoroughly. As to dwarf trees, it nsed to be the plan and counsel of crchardists to cut in first, before much swelling of the Buds, about half the last year’s growth. 1 don’t think “ that counsel wise. A dwarf tree (according to the experience of the veteran nurseryman and pomolo*pst C. M. Hovey) never frnits well till you leave it to shoot up as it lists. All you need do is to stabe it, if the slender roots do not stay its “ wabble ” in the wind, and to thin the fruit sets, if too many for a perfect crop.—General William U. Noble, in Astral New Yorker.

Rye. Where stock is kept upon the farm a good patch of rye should be sown early in the fall, so that it will make a good thrifty growth before cold freezing weather sets in. There is no plant that will furnish as large amount of winter and early spring pasturage as rye, and it is equally good for all kinds of stock, including poultry. I have found it profitable to run a small patch convenient to the poultry yard, so that during the winter the poultry can have access to it, and find that it furnishes a large amount of green food at a very low expense. And with larger stock the result is the same. The soil should be prepared the saute as for wheat, but it should, in order to furnish the largest amount of food, be sown considerably earlier, say about the middle of August, provided the soil is moist enough to induce gemination of the seed. It can be pastured all winter, unless the soil is very soft so that it is injured by tramping into the mud, and yet yield a profitable crop ih the spring, or, if allowed to grow, it will furnish a large amount tS feed at a small cost, if it Is cut and fed’oat to stock Once well established, a plot will furnish a supply of green food for three or four years, if it is not allowed to mature seed, and in ’this way will furnish more green food with less cost than any oUier plant. And when wo realize the value of green food for stock of all kinds during tha winter, and especially in the early spring when cows, mares and ewes are coming in, it is strange that more farmers do not take the trouble to sow a good patch, to be used for feed alone, and especially when stock or poultry is hept and green food is so much as item lows Jtepubticab,

Kindness as aa Investment. We have had two men working for ns, -with teams, on the same farm at the same time. One would take his horses from the stable when they had been refreshed by a few days’ rest, and were feeling well, and because they were pretty frisky while they were being harnessed and the off lio sc did not keep the. in: row well at the first send-off, wonld get out of patience and yell at his team till finally they would break into a trot, when he would throw the Slow to the full depth into the first imimick he could find, bring the team to a lull stop, and by this time they would be well in a “lather” and quive ing with excitement. After he had yelled fo^a few minutes, and the horse f had become fully ir ghtened, they had used up enough strength to move the plow for an hour. 'ihe other man knew better. When he o served, while “hitching up,” that the horses’ heads werfe carried high, and that they were feeling first-rate, he would say to himself: “There is a good head of steam on to-dav, and I shall be able to get a g od day’s work out of these fellows if I save it all to be used to the be t advantage.” Theie-, fore he would speak n as quiet a t ne as possible, would move gently about, and aim to get his team afield without the risk of any rumpus or excitement, and would bear with a few irregularities, such as getting out of the furrow and pulling by tits and starts a :ew times. The consequence would be that when they were warmed up to their Work, they would move on smoothly and at the same time quickly, and at the end of an hour there would be a row of nice Jresh furrows to show as an equivalent for the “steam” the other man had used up in mere fret and fume and worry- and passion. as. iftis with latger animals, so it .is true of fowl-; if jgfe at all times exercise kindness toward them, tuey will doubly repay you for your care and kind attention.—American Poultry I arJ.

The Origin of Mosquitoes. The Ind'ans have a very satisfactory account of the origin of the Montezuma mosquitoes. The Wend runs thus: There were in times of did, many moons ago, two huge feathered monsters permitted by the Maniton to descend from the sky and alight on the banks of the Seneca r iver. 1 heir form was exactly that of a mosquito. They were so large that they dew toward the earth. Standing on cither bank they guarded the river, and stretching their long necks into the canoes of the Indians a; they attero: ted to paddle along the stream, g bbh'd them up as the stork king in the fable gobbled up the frogs. The destruction of life was so gr. at that not an Indian could pass without being devoured'm the attempt. It was long before t he monsters eouid be e terminated, and then only by-the combined enorts of all the warriors of the Cayuga and Onondaga nations- The battle was ■terrible, but the warriors finally triumphed, and the mammoth mosquitoes wdre, slain and left unburied. For this neglect the Indians had to pay dearly. The carcasses decomposed, and the particles, vivified by the sun, hew orf in clouds of mosquitoes, which have filled the country ever since.—Man.niton Magazine. He >^as Dying. “Of all the heartless women i ever saw,*’ < mphatically snapped Mrs. VV heelhorse to i.er husnaud. ‘that Mrs. Fitzgoobcr is the most rank.” “what has come oe’r your fair dreams, now: ' as ed W., li htly. “Why, I passed her on the street a little wniie ago and asked how her husband was getting along. He’s been sick, you know ” “Yes,”- replied W., “and whav did she say?” “.she turned to me,” began the irate lady, aud, actually laughing all the time, said. “Oh, he’s itolng finely; dyin , I reckon, at this very moment. Vi hy ain’t yon with him:*’ I asked, and she just laughed and went on. What a e yon yelling about? have you turned - oof, too. ang ily to Wbeelhorse “Didn't you know.” he mann ed to gasp between his gasps and mirth, * that 1 itz was running a dye-house now. ” !i A frigid wave oivides the househo'tlsof I itzgoober and Wheeihorse at this hour — Mianta ConalUit ion. —Statistics show that the tendency to suicide is much greater among regular gamblers from losses than among bsine.-s men. The sharp strain o the gaming tab e, s ort though it may be, s. oils the nerves, and w. akens fortitude mo. e than the strain of business. C avour, one of the most serene ot men, was within au are on one -treat gambling n ght of throwing half his fortune away rather than call a card, aud only called it, as he relates himself, because a drop of persp.iation rose on his opponent’s forehead.— Ctli uqo 2ime . —-A recent* edition of the New Orleans T.cn-uie was printed on paper m.,de of bagassee, the refuse of sugareane a:ter the juice is squeezed out, and the even: has created quite a stir among the paper manufacturers. The surgar planters of Louisiana, who have buri ed this hitlqnto worthless stuff to get rid of it, now see a p. ssibility of ma.,ing mace/ out of it, and some of the tuore enthusiastic of them think it will be nearly as profitable as the sugar crop.—Chicago lime -. —Sitting Bull is advancing in civilization and is becoming a sthetic. At a uiliner given to him by the officers at F i t Snell ug he expressed his unbounded admiration for the silver forks, canned j caches and the wife of Colonel Andrews.—Ck.eaao Tribune'

THE MARKETS. NEW YORK, August 11.1881. CATTLE—Exports..* # «t> ®» 7 25 CUFTON-Mtdidtinw. IDS® 11* FLOUR—Good to Choice. 3 70 ® # tW WHEAT—No, 2 Red.. »1*« 8S* CQRN-No.2..,... 62*<» «3 OATS—Western MlxiM.. 38 O 38 PORK—New Hess.. .... ® 17 50 ST. LOUIS. COTTON—Middling. 10*® BEEVES—Exports_.... 8 40 ® Fair to Good_ 5 00 ® HOGS—Common to Select_ 5 40 © SHEEP—Fair to Choice....... 2 65 ® FLOUU-XXXtoChoice. 2 65 ® WHEAT—No. £ Winter, New.. 88*® No. 8 “ “ .. 70*® CORN—No. £ Mixed.... 47*® OATS—No. 8... 27 ® RVE-No.8....... 57*® TOBACCO—Lum...... 8 00 Medium Leaf_ 0 00 i lPi 6 70 6 GO 6 10 » 75 3 80 Si* 77* 48* £ 58 10 00 __ _ 1200 HAY-Choiee Timothy.... 12 50 ® 13 50 BUTTER—Choice Hairy. 17 <3 18 EGOS—Choice. 0 & 10* FORK—New Mess.. 17 £5® IT 75 BACON—Clear Rib. .... «S 0* LARD—Prime Steam. 8*® 7* CHICAGO. CATTLE—Exports. 6 50 ® 7 SO HOGS—Good to choice.. 5 70 0 6 10 SHEEP—Good to cho.ce...... 4 00 ® 4 25 FLOUR—Winter .... 4 75 ® 5 90 _ Spring. 8 00 ® 5 75 WHEAT—No. 2 Spring. 70*® 80* _No. 3 Red. . . ® 84 CORN—No. 2. 62*0 63 OATS—No. 2. 28 ® 29 PORK—New Mees. 18 60iA® 17 60 _ KANSAS CITY. CATTLE—Native Steen.-4 75 HOGS-Saiesat. 5 40 WHBAT-No. 2,.... CORN—No.a mixed..... .... OATS—No. a. NEW ORLEANS. FLOUR-High Grades. 4 50 CORN-White. 73 » 6 30T t5 7a* 85* 0 43 ® 23 OATS-Choice Western.. 40 HAY—Choice. PORK—Mess..17 25 BACON—Clear Rib... COTTON—Middling. LOUISVILLE. WHBAT-No. a Red. New. CORN-No. 2 Mixed.*... OATS—Mixed Western.. BiooN^c&r mb; COTTON—Middling. « 17 50 1 a le* ® 10* n 7.1 m , a 34 % MX

—An eel perfectly white was speared in the Susquehanna Riv r near Qrenta, N. Y.» recently, by William Henfer. The strange creature was over two feet long, and weighed four and a half pounds. After beng out of the water a short time the eel changed from a pore white to a cream color, and a small black spot appeared on the tail amt another one on the nose. The fish was preserved in alcohol and sent to the museum of Cornell I niversit).— Synlews*: Journal. “I vxra Swift’s Specific on my little daughter, who was afflicted with some Blood Poison which had resisted ail sorts of treatment. The Specific relieved her permanently, and I shall use it in my practice.” W. E. Bbonte, M. D., Cypress Ridge, Ark. Thx vice which never sticks to young people, thou ;h they are more exposed to it than any other—Advics.—T/ta Judge. ~ Lvoia E. Piskbam's Vegetable Compound strengthens the stomach and kidneys and aid., digestion. Is equally good for both sexes. Furtino on pleasure-vachts is a marrvtitne custom.—Philadelphia Call.

Farmers—Try It I Wells, Rid ardson &Co.’s Improved Butter Color will be found to bo the only oil color that will not become rancid. Test it and you will prove it. It will not color the butter-milk; it gives fhe brightest color of any made, and is the strongest and therefore the cheapest. The barbbr's head-quarters—Twenty-five cents for a hair-cut.—Boston Courier. “Rough on Coughs,” 15c4 at Druggists. Complete cure Coughs, Hoarseness, Sore Throat. Every artist loves his sweot’art.— Whitehall Times. Aft inn-dependent—The, hotel waiter.— T. Journal. 1r yon want a fine looking Face, And a Skir. rosy and clear, . Use “Beeson’s” Sulphur Soap; all Trace Of disease will disappear. IFUTSold by Iruggists, etc., everywhere. The King of Greece—Oleomargarine.— N. y. Graphic. Papiixon Cough Cure cured an infant only a few weeks old, of whooping cough after a consultation of physicians pronounced it beyond recovery. It stops the whoop and allows the breath to return. Kind words are like bald heads; they never iiyo.—Chicago Journal. “ Buchu-naiba.” Quick, complete cure, nil annoying Kidney and Urinaajy" Diseases, |1. "Oor on the fly 1” Is now the cry of the infuriated bald-headed ci is in.—Lowell Citizen. “ Bough on Corns.” 15c. Askforit. Complete cure,har<l or soft covns.warts,bunions. “Soled again,” remarked the cobbler, as he repaired au old pair of boots.—Boston Tost. Glenn's Sulphur Soap Communicates freshness and purity to the t complexion. Hill’s Hair Dye, black or brown, 60c. An able see man—The astronomer.— Marathon Independent. Skinny Men. “Wells’Health Renewer” restores beadth and vigor, cures Dyspepsia^!. A rodsing demonstration—Get1 ing a growing boy out of bud.—BostQA Tost. Dyspepsia., Stomach-ache, Biliousness and Kidney complaints are cured with PapiUon Blood Cure. Getting sou-struck is a rather snm-narv fashion of disposing of a man.—Merchant Traveler. > “ Mother Swan’s Worm Syrup,” for few Briskness,worms,constipation,tasteless. Sc The hous3 of correction—The printing, house. Headache is immediately relieved by the uso of Piso’s Remedy for Catarrh.

IKE GREAT GERMAN REMEDY For Pain! lieticTes and (Macs RHEUMATISM, Neuralgia, SCIATICA, LUMBAGO, BACKACHE Headache, Tootfiaek, SORE THROAT, QUINST^SWKLLINGSt SFKAISS, (t) Soreness, Cnfes^Brabes, FROSTBITES^ Brass, scaurs. And all other bodily aches and pains. fIFTf SCESTS A BOTTLE. Sold by aU Druggists awl Dialers. Directions in 11 languages. The Claries A. Togeier Co. iSwasean H A. TOJtEiXH a CO) Baltsmcre.KA .TT.SA.

HAY-FEVER. My brother Myron and myself urere both cured, to all appearance, of Catarrh and Hay-Fererlaat July and August. Up to this date, Dec. 88, neither hare had any return oi Ely’s > the medicine used. Ca

CANCER Xlf BTIT TJ T 3E2« En^piri 28*2; Incorporated* I&&. -^or th* Core of -- Tttnri'M, Vlcera, 8» in I>it ant! 8 tMSKASX*, without the

«ww» wmrwiiwsvf iiwwh »uu time |wa r ur Bc»o«s»aTIOx, cnctruM AND rkfkkjlncks. address _ *a. f- JL POJiB, Av«ota. CttM IIU hairs Wholesale and mail. Send fop prtce-ltec Is sent C. 0. I>. Wljfit made to order. UliN HAM. VI State Street. Chicago.

A Great Problem. -Take alt the Kidney and Liter Medtctnm. —Take all the BlowI purifiers, —Take all the Rheumatic remedies, —Take all the Ityspepsioand indigestion curt*, —Take aU the Ague, Fetor, and hUlkmo specifict. —Take all the Brain and Nerve force rei’iiwra, —Take all the Great health restorers. —In short, take all the beet qualities of dl these, and the .—beat, —Qualities of all the best medicines In .he world, and yon will find that —Hop —Bitters have the best curative qualities uad powers of all —concentrated —In them, and that they will cure when my or all of these, singly or —combined —Fail. A thorough trial will give positive jroof of this. Hardened Idver. Five years ago li broke down with kidney tnd liver complaint and rheumatism. Since then 1 have been unable to be about stall My liver became hard like wood; my limbs wore puffed up and filled with water. All the best physicians agreed that nothing could cure me. I resolved to try Ilop Bitters; I have used seven bottles; the hardness has all gone from toy liver, the swelling from my limbs, and it has worked a miracle in my case; otherwise I would have S>een now in my gravel J. W. Moisey, Buffalo, Oct. 1, 188L

Poverty and Suffering. **I was dragged down with debt, poverty and suffering for years, ennsed by a sick family and largo bills for doc tearing. “I was completely discouraged, until one year ago, by the adviceof mv pastor, I commenced using Hop Bitters, and in one month we were all well, and none of us have seen a sick day since, and I want to say to all poor men. you can keep your families well a year wHh Hop Bitters for less than one doctor’s visit will cost I know It’*—A Workwoman. tarTfone genuine without a bunch of green Hopson the white label. Sbun alt the vile, poisonous stuff with “Hop • or “Hops" In their name. EDUCATIONAL. i EBDH TCI r CD a Dll V a n. it Atroto'Wlmaa: LEAlfll ICLtunArnl qmu nsr chance ever ottered. Ad. J. 1>. BuoWN, M$r., SedaHa, Uo. IT32&V!a,UfiVLKi lAWt Chlc—o, III. The U Fan Term win begin September il. TKnr circular, iddress U. BOOTH, Chicago, in. BETTIE STUART INSTITUTE, family. Day ud^Boartitaj?^S<&»ol ^r*\'oung Tnllw. Full Course; Thorough Instruction. Send tor Catalogue to MRS. M. McKKE HOMES, S|)rlng(leia, ttl._ 6 Profusion, Instructor*. YALE LAW SCHOOL.! Fall term coinmci sddress PKOF. Tale aenocgSMHemJu few Haven* Caaa. ST. LOUIS A SCHOOL FOR THE HICHER EDUCATION OF VOUNO LADIES, located at Jennings, the mostT^autTfnl suburb of St.Louis. Ntimber limited. Superior• advantages. For catalogue address, B. T. BLEwETT, L.L.D., Jennings, Mo. THE BEETHOVElJ CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC, lbtfi Oil to St., St. Louis. A* Waktaner, Principal. The 14th annual season opens Monday, Sept. 1. All Instruments. Voice and Organ taught by excellent'wo* feemonal Teachers, SEND FOR CAIALOGCE.

OUKfcKhLUUUS HAIR, Moles."Warts, Freckle Moth Patches. Eruptions, ScarH,aud all Dtstttfureiuents ami Imperfect Ions of the Face. Mauds and Feet, and their treatment by Dr. .Jokn H. Woodbury, 3? N. Pe/h *St.. Albany, N. Y. Send 10»\ for book.

"THE BEST IS CHEAPEST." ENGINES. TURCCUCDCSiVULUL [*n*Pn>m i nncontno ctewBuiiw* Fast Potato Dissins

THE KGHARCH POTATO BI6GEB Saves its cost yearty, fit* rmtss Vovsk, to every lamer. Goar* aateed tobte Six Hundred Bushels aDayl

, PT Write postal card tor FREE elegantly illustrated Catalogue, in Six Brilliant Colors, taut cost us ?2M» to publish. , Monarch MaonfaeturiigCo., ggjjSSSiiEa. $1,000 XXTIIX be paid to any one who will And a particle »* ot Mercury, Potash, Iodine, Arsenic, or sol poisonous substance tu Swifts Specific SI ‘I have cured Blood Taint hr the use of Swift's l signally failed with the Men Specific after 1 had most stgnallyl eury and Potash treatment." F. A. TOOMER. M. Be. Perry. 6a. " Witt'S Specific has cured me of Scrofula of 11 years standing. Had sores as large as my hand, and every one thought I was doomed. Swift's Specula cured me alter physicians and all other medicine had railed.” R. L. HlGar^anokeTArfc Our Treatise on Blood and Skin Diseases mailed frea to appUcanta THE SWIFT SPECIFIC CO.. Drawer St Atlanta 6a N. Y. Office. 159 W. Kd St.. H. 6th nnd 7th Asa*. Philadelphia office, 1308 Chestnut St. PAPILLON VOICE OF THE PEOPLE. A. Mantil. Esq* formerly of Chlcag* and now re* swing In St. Paul, it Inn., and connected with the C. M. A St. Paul R. R. Co., writes under date of Feb. A ISTit “PaptUon Skin Cure cured me of salt rheum of twenty years standing. I had the disease so violently that from fan to spring, my hands were helpless, and were kept continuously gloved.” Haxx.vu Youko, Knbbel street, near Thirty-third street. Chicago, writes under date of Nor. 2k 187» “To the praise of your remedy. (Pnplllon Ski* Cure), 1 will simply say that 1 was afflicted with salt rheum for years; two bottles cured me orer four months ages and not a sign of recurrence since.” Dm Jxo. W. Stoic stir, an eminent Uomcspathto physician of Chicago, writes under date of April ». 1880: ” 1 hare used PaptUon Skin Cure on n number of cases of chronjbKcxema with most gratify tog results. Some Tory Obstinate eases hare been cured by its use. I recommend n as a safe and certain remedy.” .1 i Thoxas R. WhmSock, of Shanghai. China, Jan. IS. 1380, sends for one dosen bottles of PaptUon Skin Cure, and says “we can not do without the remedy kr skin eruptions.” “ J. S. Tatlob. m. d„ Kankakee, lit. writes April St tWO: ”1 have prescribed PaptUon Skin Cure for salt rheum and Inordinate Itching of the body, with remarkable results. I recommend It highly nnd coo* slder It a certain remedy. No remedy equals PaptUon Sktn Cure, for all skin diseases; It to a safe and Dost ttve remedy.” For sale by all druggist* ,

It !s ?. well-known fact that most of the I Horse and Cattle Powder sold in this eouaI tty to worthless! that Sheridan's Cendi- | lion Powder is absolutely pore and very I valuable. Nottuug on Earth will bens lay like Sheridan's __ I Condition Powder. Dose, one teaspoonful to each pint of food? CHICKEN CHOLERA, 1 breeders' ose, price tl.(»; by mall, «.*>. Circutora tent KEEL MAKE HENS LAY It will also prevent and cure 8oM every where, or seat by mail (hr Aha furnished In large cans, foe JOHNSON A CO., Boston, Mass.

N° W IS thb time. To prevent and eure att “8 “ and to secure % white, •oft and beautiful I Aromatic Alum Sulphur Soap. SoWbxDraf^M*. One cake »H1 be Mut oa receipt _WM.**DREYW)fpEi!CTMaBUllMtai»f. *8 North From Street. Philadelphia, Pv BEST «*E“ ^ Judetjartnents (clean*jj -- white and tweet) la * aoidhr aU rrocero and Unt-elaM retatteia -PISO S CURl for SSSSi CONSUMPTION; 6UNS C. K. Orwha A. It. k^, B. outtl > the or*. WHEN WRITING TO lift ptoue nj you saw the adnrtMaeat la Utlh paper. Adrertlaera like to kMW when ami what* their l " fajla* lrow«