Indiana State Guard, Volume 2, Number 24, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 April 1861 — Page 1

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VOL. II

THE INDIANA STATE GUARD IS PRINTED AND PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY BY LLJDiJt4 os n A xi A IN Jb iS B, At their Book and Job Printing Oflloe, on Meridian Street, opposite the Post Office, Indianapolis, Ind. ' t !; it n .i . One copy of tlie Ihuiana Stat Guard, 1 year 1 50 Olio oopv " ' " " 0 monllu ' Civeoopiua . . , " " 1 year J mi Ton copies " " " 1 year 12 And duo Copy euro lo tho maker of tlio club. Twontv copies..., 1 yo' 20 0,1 And two copies extra to the maker of tho club. ' TrpAddilloiiscan 1" 'lle 10 "y tlln"' "', ' rates, and for each addillan of ton copies un extra copy will bo sent gratis. IFr'The nuinee will lie written on oil papers, whether tent na "lo In or otherwise, which will save nil trouble of dlslril.il tint; them by tlio person that gets up the club, and secure to oucli subscriber his own paper. , OMN ADVANCE, IN AM, CASKS. H No paper will be sent until paid for, and no paper will bo Continued uflcr tho time paid for expires, unless renewed. I KllllS OF ADVF.UT1SING. Oiiusnunro, (8 lines, or lus,3.10 ms.) for 1 week 050 i , for each subsequent Insertion osu ' fur threo monll , "v en,, ' " forsix months...., J . i for one vear, without alteration. WW ii foroiie year, with frequent chniigoa. ....... 12 1' A small reduction made on larger adverlisemcnts. Luis and Special Notices double the abovo rules. . . TEIIHIS CASH. I.oeal advertisements published at the expense of the Atlornovsord.rinth'm Jind payment Is duo when the pub icnlloil Is made. No extra charge made for furnishing affidavit of publication. Wit will no bo accountable for the accuracy or le(rul advorll-omonls. jpp Advertisements must be handed in by Thursday of each meek, or they Kill be deferred until the next istue. PLATFORM . OK THE ' NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC PARTT. Resolved, That the platform adopted at Cincinnati be affirmed, with the following explanatory resolutions: . 1. That the Government of a Territory organized by an act of Congress is provisional and temporary, and during its existence all citizens of the United States havo an equal right to settle with their property in the Territory, without their rights, cither in porson or property, being destroyed by Congressional or Territorial Legislation. 2. That it is the duty of the Federal Government, in all the departments, when necessary, to protect the rights of persons and property in the Territories, and wherever else its constitutional authority extends. . , . 3. That when the settlers in a Territory, having an adequate population, form a State Constitution, the right of sovereignty commences; and being consummated by their admission into the Union, they stand on an equality with the people of other States, and a State thus organized ought to be admitted into the Federal Union whether its Constitution prohibit or recognizes the institution of slavery. 4. That the Democratic party are in favor of the acquisition of Cuba, on such terms as shall be honorable to ourselves and just to Spain, at the earliest practicable moment. ., 5. That the enactments of State Legislatures to defeat the taithful execution of the Fugitive Slave Law are hostile in character, subversive of the Constitution, and revolutionary in their effect. 6. That tho Democracy of the United States recognize it as an imperative duty of the Government to protect the naturalized citizen in all his rights, whether at home or in foreign lands, to the same extent as its native born citizens. Whereas, One of the greatest necessities of the age, in a political, commercial, postal, and military point of view, is a speedy communication between the Pacifio and Atlantic coasts; therefore be it rem 7. That the National Democratic party do hereby ttwimanltrns tn a SVHrV mPATIfl in their DOWCr to secure the passage of some bill, to the extent of lllCir WUSULUUUIUU mti.uvi ivj, - construction of a railroad to the Pacific ocean at the earliest practicable moment. GENUINE AMERICAN WATCHES! W. P.. BINGHAM & CO., DKALRRS IN Watches, Clocks and Jewelry. Agents for the alo of the GENUINE AMERICAN WATCHES. We get these Watclir direct from; the Manufactory. Wo not only warrant all wesell,bntwe recom mend them to any one in want of a Watch as a durable, rUable. and accurate time keeper. We would rher Warrant a t.csiullie American Walh for years than au English or Swiss Watch '"Tl'e "price of a Kennine Waltham Watch 1 very reasonable, costlnir less by ooe half than an English or Swiss Watch of the same o,ualily. Heware ol Counterfeit. -Wclisve seen seiora persons who thought Ihev had a eni rValtkam Waltk. bill which was only an English or Swiss iinimtation of the American Wnlch. , We h are canstan tlr on hand a arle tv in Gol.l and Silver ( asos. directly from tho Mawofnctnry Also their A7 S'l'e Watch for those who prefer a thin Watch. Our slock of Swim Watches and Jewelry Is verv laro. Composition Lopine Watches. .,o0 In j.otl Composition Hunline Cased Watches, ii..W lo B .5 Silver Honlitir Cased WsP hos, 7.50 lo 18.110. Silver Full Jeweled Watches, S ..HI to0.50. . i,,.l Pure t'oin and Silver Ware; silver Plated Ware; Clocks, Ac . Ac. ,airoj and warranted. U ttlches, sjiocks ana - ' W. P. BIKOII4IW CO., 20 East Washington St. Indianapolis, Ind. JUST RECEIVED BY EXPRESS! WHITE BUFFLtSO, AM, WIDTHS, SARKOW BLACK SILK BHUSSKI.S IACE, Pi AH KOW BLACK SILK GIMPURB LACK. BLACK AMI HROW?I SK1KT BRAIDS, TIDV YARNS. ALL NOS.. BLACK VBI.VKT RIBBONS, BLACK VELVET BUTTONS, Jil.ACK AND FANCY BELT RIBBONS, KID GLOVES, BLACK MUSLINS AND IRISH LINENS, WILLARD'S, feUS- NO. It F.aait Wanning."" St. GOLD PENS!! The Largest and Best Assortment in the State, AT BOWEN, STEWAET & Co.'s HEW AND I5TE RESTING. ELSIE VENNER. A ROMANCE OF DKKTI5T, BY OLITES WEIvDELL HOLMES, 'Job! mwIv1 al M.JJ. . BOtt'M, STEVTIHT "'

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THE CONSTITU

INI)! THE OLD HOMESTEAD, I MRS ." A 1 1 C E C A RT7 When first the skies grow warm and bright, And flash with gold the hours, And in her pale, faint robes, the spring Is calling up the flowers; When children, with unslipnered feet, Go forth witlt hearts of glee To the straight and even furrows Where the yellow corn must be ; What a beautiful embodiment Of ease, devoid of pride, Is the good old-fashioned homestead, With doors still open wide. ' But when the happiest time is come, That to the year belongs, Of uplands bright with harvest gold, And meadows full of songs; -When fields of yet unripened corn, And daily garnered stores, Remind the thrifty husbandman Of ample threshing floorsHow pleasant, from the din and dust - Of the thoroughfare aloof, Seems the old-fashioned homestead, With steep and mossy roof. When the woodsman plods, with axe, Upon his shoulder swinging, , : , And in the knotted apple tree Are scythe and sickle hung; When light the swallows twitter 'Ifeath the rafters of the shed, And the table on the ivied porch With decent care is spread Then hearts are lighte and freer Tlian beat in the populous town, In the old-fashioned homestead, With gables sharp and brown. . When the flowers of summer perish, In the cold and bitter rain, And little birds with weary wings Have gone across the main; When cutis the blue smoke upward Toward the bluor sky, And cold along the naked hills, And white the snow-drifts lie In legends of love and glory They forget the cloud and storm, In the old-fashioned homestead, With hearth-stone large and warm. GIRLS AND WIVES. Somebody has written the following about the girls, and set it afloat: God bless the girls, Blend with our evening dreams; They haunt our lives, Like spirit wives, Or as Naiads haunt the streams. They soothe our pains, They fill our brains, With dreams of summer hours: God bless the girls, God bless their curlsGod bless our human flowersf Somebody, thinking the wives as worthy of a blessing as the girls, adds to the above: God bless the wives, Who fill onr hives, With little bees and honey; They ease life's shocks, They mond our socks But don't they spend the money? When we are sick, They heal us quick That is, if they should love us; If not, we die, And yet they cry, And place tombstones above us. Of roguish girls, With sunny curls, We may in fancy dream; But wives true wives Throughout our lives, Are everything they seem. A Massachusetts Temperance Family. Joe Harris was a merry fellow, and very fond of a glass. After living in New Orleans for many vears. he came to the conclusion of visiting an old uncle, away up in Massachusetts, whom lie had not seen for many years. Now, there is a difference between New Orleans and Massachu setts, in rctrard to the use of ardent spirits; and when Joe arrived there lie found all the people run mad about teraperanoe. He felt bad, think ing with the old song, that "keeping the spirits up bv nourin? spirits down" was one of the best ways to make time pass, ana oegnn vo tear inueuu unu -r.p ,, .c 'ij ,i . lie was in a pickle; Dut on me morning aner ms arrival, while the old man and his sons were out at work, bis aunt came to him and said: 'Joe. vou have been living at the South, and no doubi are in the habit of taking something to drink about eleven o'clock. Now, I keep some here for medicinal purposes; but I let no one know it, as my husband wants to set the boya a good example.' Joe promised, and thinking ne wouia gei no rnore that day, took, as he expressed it to her, I "smasher.',' After he had walked out in the sta ble, who should he meet but his uncle. "Well. Joe," said he, "I expect you are accus tomed to drink something in New Orleans; but you find us all temperance up here, and for the sake of my sons, I don't let them know I have any brandy about, but I just keep a little here for my rheumatism. Will you accept a little?" Joe sitrnihcd his willingness, ana took anoiner big horn. Then, continuing Ins walk, he-came to where the bovs were mauling rails. Alter eonversinsr awhile, one of the cousins said: "Joe. I expect you would like to have a drink; and as the old folks are down on liquor, we keep some out here to help us with our work. Out came the bottle, and down they sat; and he says by the lime they went home to dinner, he was as tight as he could well be, and all from vis iting a temperance family. The Millionaire Widow, fre Urrs Oa,ni i lima described . as she fltv peared at a late Presidential levee, a relative of the family: Her figure is snort ana sugiu; tier weight, perhaps, one hundred pounds. She wore a Quaker-colored watered silk dress, cut low over a full bust; the very short sleeves revealed a finelr-proijortioned and fair white arm, that would ' r r ., i. ii. -c.i t.i n,..i, have graced me Dene oi me assemuij. imiugu her age is about fifty, no one would estimate it over thirty-five. She wore bright gold bracelets upon her wrists. Her hair, which is black and glossy, was confined in a netting of gold lace, and two long bright curls fell one upon either shoulder. Her eyes are black, restless and expressive. Two small ostrich plumes, of white and blue, were partially concealed in tlx dark folds of her hair. Her step is elastic, her manner graceful. She is very conversational with her acquaintances, and her countenance indicates unusual intellectual ability. Thus let your readers form a conception of Mrs. Gaines, as, with a magnificent white camelia upon her boom, she glided round and round amid tlio gay and hsppy throng in.the great east room of the Pnwidoni's mansion.

TION, THE UNION,

AN APOLIS IND , SATURDAY, lAIMUL 20,

Onk of thk "Mkkk and Lowlv." Says the Boston Post: i- ;. .i'm " The Re'v. Mr? Hunting, of Manchester, New Hampshire, said lie would rather "let ten thousand Unions gotohell" than adoptMr. Crittenden's resolutions; yet we have ht'nrd a minister say in his pulpit that the New England clergy Were only to blamo for not discussing politics with morej(ehemence than they had, and endeavored to be satirically sharp upon the press for condemning the spirit exhibited by Hunting and his ilk. Louisville and Memphis Railroad. Two trains commenced running daily between Louisville and Memphis, each way, on Mondny last, making the (rip in eighteen hours. The trains leave Louisville at 12 o'clock in the day and 12 o'clock at night. Two trains each way daily have commenced running on the Edgefield and Kentucky Railroad, between Nashville and the State line, and make .connections with the trains on the Louisville and Memphis road. The Memphis branch will open the quickest and most direct route to New Orleans, the time between Louisville nnd that city being reduced to some forty-two hours, Later from Europe. Portland, April 1(5. The Steamer North Briton arrived from Liverpool with dates to tho 4th, and Londonderry to the Stli. . ' Concession to working meq in London will probably terminate in a strike. The French Navy has been reorganized into divisions; one division is ordered to Syria. Garibaldi was received with great enthusiasm at Turin. The Opinione, of Turin, advocates the withdrawal of the French troops from Home, as the National Italian army will soon perform their duties. . ' Turkkv. The Porte has ordered the blockade of-the coast of Montoncgro. Omar Pasha will be Commander-in-Chief in Bosnia. It is reported that Garibaldi and the Hungarian leaders have a perfect understanding. It is expected that tho Hungarian Diet will call the Hungarian troops from other parts of Austria to concentrate in Hungary, if opposed by Austria, the Hungarians will refuse to pay taxes and ipsurieclions will take place. Carrying the Whip. There is more in the movements of the driver of an ox-team, and in carrying of the whip, than most farmers think. Oxen, however quick in their movements, or upright their walk in the yoke, soon become dull, and get the praclice of "shoving" or "hauling" in consequence of the driver lagging nlong, or, as is often the practice, going ahead of his team, and from time to time stepping back and whipping them, A driver of an ox-team should walk directly opposite the yoke, walk straight, and carry his whip as upright as a soldier would his nun. Use a whip-stalk with a short lash, Bnd touch the cattle only with the lash, and never strike them on the nose or over the eyes. Some men read so much and think srt little that nothing short of forgetting half of what they know would ever give them the use of the other half. Spring Races. The spring season on the Woodlawn Course will beL'in on Saturday, May 1 8th, and continue the following week. The first race is for the chalk-litre vase, valued at $1,000, a four mile heat, f 300 subscription P. P., to name at the post, closedJanuary 1st wun iour suoscnbers, as follows: Zeb. Ward, A. Keene Richards, J. S. and S. J. Hunter. The second day's race, Monday, May 20, is for the Louisville Association, a sweepstakes for three year old colts and fillies, with seventeen entries. The third day is for all ages, two mile heats, for a purse of $500. Fourth day, mile heats for all ages, purse $250. Fifth day, mile heats for all ages, best three in five, purse $300. Sixth day is for the Gait House stake, a sweepstake for colts and fillies three years old, two mile heats, $200 subscriptions, Gait House to add $200 in silver plate, provided two or more start, with fifteen entries. Seventh day, three mile heats for all ages, purse $800. Many of the old favorites of the turf, with many new horses, will be on hand, and the spring meeting, 1861, promises to be one of the best ever known to our magnificent Woodlawn course. Lou. Dem. Lime in Poultry Houses. Lime will keep hens clear of vermin, and in a fine healthy condition. It should be used as dry powder, and scattered occasionally all about the poultry house and yard. On the droppings, however, sulphate of lime (common plaster) or charcoal, or dried muck, should be thrown instead of lime; ashes may be used as a substitute for lime, though the latter is best. The powdered lime is better than white wash, though that'also may be advantageously used upon the sides and ceiling of the room. Barn Itch. Paoli Lathrop, Esq., of Hadley Falls, Massachusetts, a cattle breeder of considerable note in New England, says that an efficacious remedy for the barn itch is, to take a cob and rub the affected part until the surface is smooth, and then apply grease as an emollient. The same remedy is always efficient for scratches in horses, unless the disease proceeds from some general disorder in tho system of the animal, in which case other and more efficient means must be used. Things Wise and Otherwise. Why should a man like a coquette? Because she is a girl after his heart. The best penance we can do for envying another's merits is to endeavor to surpass it. Why should we deny poetry to women? Do not imagination, grace, delicacy and sensibility form their empire? Iron exists in the blood and preserves it; gold, or the love of it, exists in the heart and corrupts it: If you discharge a jest at a friend or a gun at a woodcock, be sure that it isn't out of season. No proof of temperance a man with his hat off at midnight, explaining to a lamp-post the principles of his party. "I bate to hear people talk behind one's back," as the robber aid when the constable called, "Stop thief!" Don't rely for success upon empty praise. The swimmer upon the stream of life should be able to keep afloat without the aid of bladders. Life is a fading tint and fleeting form. It is the blue on the grape, the blush on the rose, tht foam on the wave, the beam on the cloud, the arrow in the air.

AND THE EqUALITY OF THE STATES! ; , v .' ' , - . V .

Proclamation by the Governor. it............ a n -,.,..,! rnhnllinn has been orranirnr.uc.An, jam t o . ized in certain States of this Union, having for its purpose the ovorthrow of the Government of the Uni ted btates, . A .... , u Tim autlinrsi nnd movers Of tlllS TOxxnir v, nr.r,r., .. - bellion have seined by violence various ports and arsenals belonging to the United States, and otherwise plundered the Government of large amounts of money and valuable property, . AND WHKKRAb, rort. oumier, a iuiii 'J,1"6 to the United States, the exclusive possession and jurisdiction over which were vested in the General Government by the Constitution of the United States, has been beseiged by a largo army ana as1... lw.,r n,niif,nulti fttlH rPflllCP.d tO BUOmission, and the national flag hauled down and dtshonoreu, . And whereas, The President of the United States, in the exercise of the power vested in him by the Federal Constitution, has called upon the several t.,a in tliaie nUnrriflnrp.. til aid htm in the enforcement of the laws, the recovery of the , - a1, national property, ami me uiHiiiiA-imuuo us ,i k fill authority of the United States, Now, therefore, I, Oliver P. Mortoiif Governor of the State of Indiana, call upon loyal and patriotic : Ct..,u tr. tLo mimlHir nf nix regiments, to J11C11 ... Ull, KJIAI, .w ....... 0 - . organize themselves into military companies, and forthwith report the same to the Adjutant General, m order that they may be speedily mustered into the service of the United States. The details of the ormnltAtimi are net forth in the instructions of the Adfutant General, herewith published. UljiV,it.I. lVJ.UAY.AVJ.il, UUOI"WBy Lewis Wallace, Adjutant General. Call for State Troops. The following is the form of call on the respec tive State Governors for troops, issued through the War Department to-day: "Sir: Under the act of Congress for calling out the militia, to execute the laws of the Union, to suppress insurrection, repel invasion, etc, ap9flih 17!)fi. I have the honor to request your Excellency to cause to be imme diately detached irom me miniia oi yum am foH in Ihe tnhle below, to serve as infantry or riflemen, for a period of three months. or sooner, it discliargea. iour oiwucncj please communicate tonio the time about which your quota will be expected at its rendezvous, as it will be met as soon as possible, by an officer or officers, to muster it into the service and pay of the United States; at the same time the oath of fidelity to tho United States will be administered to every officer and man. The mustering officers will be instructed to receive no man under the rank of' commissioned officer who is in years apparently over forty-live or under eighteen, or who is not in physical strength and vigor :" DISTRIBUTION OF THE QUOTAS OF MILITIA AND PLACES OE RENDEZVOUS. Reg'ts. New York Albany, Elmira 17 Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Harrisburg. . . . . 10 New Jersey Trenton Delaware Wilmington.. . .......... Maryland Baltimore, Frederick . . .. North Carolina Raleigh . . . ... Vlnrinia Sblllntlin. WlieflinC ...... . . Tennessee Knoxville, Gordonville, Nashville. Arkansas Little Rock. ...... Kentucky Lexington , ... Missouri St. Louis Illinois Springfield, Chicago . . Indiana Indianapolis Ohio Columbus, Cleveland . . Michigan Detroit ......... Wisconsin Milwaukee . . Iowa Keokuk Minnesota St. Paul-...... ., Maine Portland . . . . . . New Hampshire Portsmouth . Vermont Kurlington ..... , . , Massachusetts Sorintrfield. . . . Rhode Island Providence . , . . Connecticut New Haven. Total... ......... .'94 ' It f ordered that each retiimcnt shall consist, on an aggregate, of officers and men, of 780. The total thus to be called out is j.jzu men. The remainder, which constitutes the 75,000 men n,tr 1 1, a President's Proclamation, will be com posed of troops in the District of Columbia. The Main Seat of War. , PENSACOLA. Pensacola is an ancient town, having been founded at an early period by the Spaniards. The houses are built in the olden style, with low, narrow windows and projecting roofs, which in some instances run into a shelter across the sidewalks. In speaking of Pensacola, tho Mobile Advertiser, in a recent issue, says : Pensacola is historic ground, and its historic note is essentially military. Centuries ago the Pwarlike events of which it, with its vicinage, was a scene, gave its name a place on the page ol history. In its time it has known many masters, and none surrendered it except of necessity, few wiihout a struggle, and none gained it except by the power of compulsion. It is a "debateable ground" by its tradition, its chronicle, and its local conditions. Before the days of De Soto it was not the undisputed possession of the aboriginal nationalities ; for our meagre records of those times and peoples show that different tribes came and sojourned on the waters of the bay and made it a sort of common territory a quasi neutral ground, where they could spend a warm season as wo of this day finally have it in its confirmed nomenclature. In later times the Spaniard, the Frenchman, the Britisher and Anglo-American contended foi its ownership, and each and all possessed and held it vi ft armis primarily, and some by treaty right, for a time. There Jackson added something of fame to his name there Briton fought with Spaniard, Spaniard with Frenchman and Indian, and Indian with Indian and now again it is the fair bone of contention between the rival races of Anglo-Americans. In these latter days of its history it is become the point of interest in the eyes of the nation, and may possibly have the eyes of the world directed to il as the Crimea of the New World. Let Us consider this possibility, promising that it if contingent upon the course of governments, and not upon the humors of those concerned in the proceedings of the local: The war between those mighty Powers, Russia, France and England, was fought out on the narrow field of the Crimea, and now it may be considered that, in a large measure, the complexio of our differences may be decided by the course pursued at this new Crimea, the classic "Bay of Ochus," and before this Sebastonol of Pickens. If we get into diffi culties, it may be through the agency of this same troublesome locality, in its proving true lo its tradition.

in fishery, and enjoy tne cool uuu ureezes wiuuu fanned the waves of the bay of "Pensacola" of fl," nf "Panzacola" of "Pensacola",

18G1

a - MG;lnsA Ppnnsncnla is delitfhtns it oviiiiuivi , ioiw.., t, ful ; for the town is pleasant, the drives good, the scenery romantic, the water excellent, and there is a fine breeze from the sea in the hottest day of summer." The sunset scenes are as beautiful as any in the Bay of Naples. PENNSACOLA BAY. . Pennsacola bay is twenty seven miles in length, .... . . . ....i.... : .;,iii, aud in its Droauest part iweive miica m n.u... It lies immediately at the mouth of the Escam nbi river. Running along tne iront oi we uny .oi fourteen leagues, nearly cast and west, is a long . A -.1 rrt l..tu line of sandy shore, narrow, uaneu, sum that in a severe gale tne mail waves uusu ui Pennsacola bay has rare properties as a harbi .-J !, ovollprt nn (he Gulf, if bv any r it. bor, oiiu uniiuu, W vuv.iv . this country. It is accessible lo frigates of large in size, there being twenty-one icet ot watci uu . bar ; and when once inside, all the ships of our navy could ride in safety. The channal runs near the coast across the bar, which is short and easily passed. The harbor is completely landlocked, and the roadstead capacious. The peculiar position of Pennsacola bay makes it desirable as a naval station, as excellent positions for dockyards can be found in the harbor. When the ra'ilroad from Montgomery, now in progress of completion, shall have been finished, the facilities for reaching it will be so much increased that it will present quite nnother appearance. The upper arm of Pennacola bay receives the Yellow water or Pea river, Middle river and Escambia river, eleven miles from the Gulf of Mexico. SANTA ROSA ISLAND. Santa Rosa Island is the great barrier that forms the main or sea enclosure of Pensacola bay. The island is fourteen leagues in length, and, on an average, is not more than one-fourth of a mile wide, although in some places it exceeds this considerably. At high water there Bre many places where the waves run over the land. Upon the extreme western end of the island, and commanding the entrance to Pennsacola bay, stands Fori Pickens, of which we shall speak more in detail hereafter. Near Pickens it is barren for a mile or thereabouts, and then commences a low growth of shrubbery, scraggy pines, live oak bushes and small trees of ilifferen varieties. It is too sandy for cultivation, and is of no manner of use, except to protect Pennsacola from the sea, and to form a reliable roadstead. The island is separated from the mainland one and a quarter miles ; there are two channels for the passage of vessels, one on the side of the mamland, and the other on the Island side. The outer shore of Santa Rosa Island is sometimes dangerous toincoming vessels. The island, however, affords the facility of making regular siege approaches by an attacking force, and yet this force could be excessively annoyed in the daytime by the shot and shell of a squadron, playing upon them in flank from the Gulf or bay. FORT PICKENS. Fort Pickens, the great bone of contention in the Gulf section of the South, is the principal work of defence for Pennsacola harbor. It is built on a low, sandy spot on the westernmost end of Santa Rosa Island, and a little over one mile distant from Fort Mcllea, which forms another sentinel to the bay. Fort Pickens is a first class bnstioned work, built of stone for foundation purposes, with walls of brick and bitumen. Its walls are forty feet in height, by twelve feet in thickness. It is embrasured for two tiers of guns in bombproof casemates, and one tier open or en barbette. The work has all the usual concomitants of a first class work, viz :' covert ways, dry ditch glacis and outworks complete. The guns from this work radiate to all points of the horizon, with flank and enfilading tire in the ditches and every angle of approach. Its guns command Fort Barrancas, Fort McRea, the Navy Yard and the other works now in possession of the Confederate States troops. Tho work was ,i ;n i asm and finished in 1853. It UUIIIIIllll'CU cost the federal government nearly ono million of dollars. vvnen on a war iuuuuB u ........ consists of 1,200 soldiers. Its present armament consists of in bastion, 26 twenty-four pound howitzers ; casemate, 2 forty-two pounders, G4 thirty-two pounders, 59 twenty-four pounders; in barbette, 24 eight inch howitzers, 6 eighteen pounders, twelve twelve-pounders, 1 ten inch columbiad, mounted, and 4 ten inch morturs, in bad order. The possession of this work, therefore, by the secessionists is, of course, of the first importance ; for unless it is occupied by them il will secure to the United States troops a base of operations along the whole Gulf coast, and keep open a road right into the heart of the South, which cannot be obstructed by any fixed fortifications. Once within the gates of the harbor, and an army could be disembarked at any point on the wide bay which it might select. It could run up the Escambia river and land many hours ahead of any opposing force which might be at Pennsacola, besides placing a wide river between it Bnd the latter or even two rivers, the Escambia and Black Water by going far enough up. Hence, with a start of at least forty-eight hours, it could march into interior Alabama. An enemy holding fort Pickens could rendezvous a naval force there and keep up a blockade of all the ports of the Gulf, unless it could be met on the sea. The fort is (inly approachable by land on ono side. Owing to the openess of the country, which is but a barren bed of sand, a party attacking from that quarter would be very much exposed. Tho federal forces now in garrison nt fort Pickens consist of about two hundred and fifty men, under the command of Lieut. Slemmer. If fort Pickens be taken by the secessionists, Pensacola will be the great naval depot of the Southern confederacy. FORT PICKKNS, JR. This is a small outpost of defence or auxiliary of Fort Pickens, erected by Lieutenant Summer's orders. It is situated about one mile and a quarter from Pickens, and commands the Warrington Navy Yard, in possession of the Confederate States troops. Fort Pickens, Jr., is now used as a station for picket guards, and it will answer the purpose of effectually preventing anything like a surprise of the main fort. FORT M'HKA. This work is in the possession of the Confedu,ntua imnn. It in m nnwerful and castleCimv uini,o .nrj,... ( - like masonry structure, built on a low sand spit ... , , i , ,.f fi.o ol me mainland, anu appears iu use u water. It is fartTfer seaward than Fort Pickens, of which it is the vis a-nit across the channel, and a vessel entering must needs run the ...... ntl-i nf its rnn Kpfore annroachinr the lat ter, which, however, of itself effectually closes the harbor against the atfmission of an enemy of even very ncavy lorce. mis iuinm.uu uated on Foster's bank, and guards the west side r .1... ll, r.( Psnssrnls KsV. It is a baStioned fort, built of brick masonry, with walls ., t n-1 I. : k , A1,t twelve in iniciiness. ine un i " of repair, and in view of this fact. Gen. Bragg recently ordered the removal of sixty heavy guns Vnrt M'Rea And distributed W Us rttm-mm .iv. - " - among the new sand batteries. Fort M'Ra is embrasured lor two tiers oi guns uiiutr uvuiu

NO. 24

proof casements, and has one tier, en barbette. Its pfesenl armament consists of lower tier, 22 forty-two pounders; second tier, 12 eight-inch columbiads; 18 thirty-two pounders; in barbette, 62 twenty-four pounders; 3 ten inch columbiads, Bnd, in time of war, requires a garrison of six hundred and fifty men. The work cost the Federal Government about $400,000. Its guns radiate at every point of the horizon. The full armament of the fort is not complete, but a sufficient number of guns are in battery to make a very good opposition to Fort Pickens. Below this fort is a water battery, which mounts some eight or ten guns. The interior of Fort M'Rea is provided with the necessary shot furnaces, officers' and soldiers' quarters, powder magazines, &c. THE CHASE BATTERY- SAND FORT A. This is a new sand battery erected by tho Confederale troops, and is so situated as to rake the front of Fort Pickens. The work has several columbiads in battery, and in case of an attempt to reinforce Fort Pickens these guns would deal out death at a fearful rate to those making the attempt. iront BABHANCAS. Fort Barrancas is on the north of Pensacola Bay, and directly facing the entrance to its mouth. It is a bastioned work, of heavy masonry, and mounts forty-nine guns, all of which are in baW tery and ready for action. It is at present garrisoned by three hundred troops of the regular army of the Confederate States. In the rear of the fort, and a short distance from it, is a redoubt from which Barrancas receives reinforcements in time of action. Some extensive repairs have recently been completed on this redoubt, and flanking howitzers of scarp and counterscarp mounted" In the flank defences of Fort Barrancas 8 twenty-four pound howitzers have recently been mounted. Fort Barrancas contains 288 eigbV inch shells, 993 twenty-four pound balls, and all the implements for working the. cannon. Its present armament consists of 11 thirty-two pounders, 3 eight-inch paixhans, 2 eight-inch columbiads, C twenty-four pounders, 6 eighteen pounders, 2 twelve-pounders, 8 twelve-pound howitzers; flank defence, 2 eighteen-inch mortars. THE SAND BATTERIES. Along the bend from Warrington Navy Yard to the extreme right of Fort M'Rea there are efficient sand batteries erected at suitable intervals, with the guns bearing upon Fort Pickens. They are built at considerable distances apart, so as to scatter the fire of Fort Pickens should an engagement take place with that work. Forces of the Southern Confederacy stationed in the Vicinity of Fort Pickens. COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, Brigadier General Braxton Bragg. V STAFF. Maj. S. II. Lockelt, Corps of Engineer. Maj. W. H. Chase, Volunteer Aid and Engineer. Maj. S. Gurner, Aid-de-Camp. Maj. R. Wood, Aid-de-Camp. Lieut. G. W. Holt, Aid-de-Camp. Capt. Odalnouski, Ordnance Officer. Capt. D. N. Ingraham, Commander of the Navy Yard: Com. T. Brent, second in command. Com. J. Randolph, third in command. FROM ALABAMA. Maj. General J. Clemens, commander State troops. ' STAFF. Col. J. T. Morgan Col. C. Davis. Col. H. P. Watson, Adi't General. Col. E. C. Bullock, Company. ' Stovelisotl Rifles.. . .... South AlsLvBinn Hungers. ... Noxubee Rifles... Prairie Guard Chickasaw Guitril Alabama Light Drugoons... Montgomery True Blues... Ttiskegee Liglit Infantry... Independent KinVs Wotiimpka Light Infantry.. Montgomery Guurd Torrent Rangers ..) Washington Light Infantry Warren Guard Home Guard Inspector General. Captain. Men. .... B. Hagsdale.. 1S5 - Taylor ne Weir , '3 . Huirston 10 Tui-ker 93 ... O'Hara.. ,. TO ..... Andrews 61 ...K. Mays... DS ... Farrls I ...J. H. Loomls 2 ...J. R. Whiting... 9 ... W. LeBarfon S ,,..J. T. Hoggins...., 55 ... W. K. Rhodes 1 ...P. Ueldrleb '2 Total.... FROM LOUISIANA. First New Orleans Zouaves, Second 14 Third ' " ...A. Coppins ... F. )Bordenbara. ...100 ...Hit) ...100 FROM MISSISSIPPI. Brigadier General Charles Clark, command-' ing State troops. Comoany. Lafayette Guard Home Guard Jeff Davis Killcs.... Qtiitmai, Rifle Guard HeD. Bullard Guard... De Soto Irrepressibles l)e Soto Guard Semiloiiie Invinclbles Horn Lake Volunteers .... Panalo Guard Cornlth Rifles South rons Southern Avengers Port Gibson Rifleiuun Madison Rifles Yaxoo Rifles Jakson Hiflcs Vicksburg Cadets Lounds Southrons I'oltimbus Riflemen Quitman Light Infantry.... Lauderdale Rifles.. Enterprise Guard Captain. ,.W. Delav ..Thomas W. Harris.. .S. Benton . R. MrGowan .J. C. Bollard ...I. R. Chalmers..... .S. G. B. Crockett ... ..A. R. Bowdrie ,.J. U. Foster . B. Moore ,.W. H. Kilpatrlclt.... ,. W. B. Wade ,. ,.S. A. Lipscomb ..... McKeever ... R. Havls .... .... .S. M. Philips . Smith ..J. E. White Wade .. Abort. Buck ,. Rea .. O'Karrell Men. 1(S1 .... 97 .... M ,. ..1(16 .... B7 ....llfl .... 9 ....100 .... 70 .... Oil . . . 79 !!.. to .... 75 .... M .... 73 .... 81 88 .... 97 101 .... 7H .... 08 .... 71 .... 75 ...1,5(17 Total FLORIDA. Captain. Company. Men. 40 ..... 71 a TO 05 Silver Greys. Pensacola Rifles Homo Guard Warrington Dragoons. Leon Rifles Jefferson Rifle A. P. Avicker... J. F. Anderson . Total. ,.3M Company. Glynn Artillery Meuman Guard Ringgold Voluntevrs. Cartersville Guard Oglethorpe Infantry Walter Light Infantry .... llahloaega Volunteers Baiubridge I. Volunteers. tciillnian Guard Ility Gale Guard Southern Rights Guard.... Washington Rifles ompany l. South Guard iTlowah Guard Browu Infantry Independent. Volunteers.. Capta itam. Men. 71 m 83 84 M 87 8 SO 91 TH 110 KB 95 IW ....Thos. Burke..... . Hanvey ..H. J. stroybery . .. l.arev Clarke . 4 Camp ... . Harris Evans . Pinkard ... Kssard .., Houxer lone Wilkins.... . Lnrey. ..-- .. Smith Astderbold.. BKCAFTTrLATION. States. Georgia Alabama "' Florida Louisiana. M lasissippi : llllZ.' ' Regular Confederate Stales troops iu gamson.. Men. ...1JOT ...l.lM .... JM .... son ... 85 Total. .iOS BaUac says it is . metaphysical impowibility for a woman to appear lovsble to her husband. A man has never the least difficulty in finding . devoted friend, except wheu be needs one.