Nappanee Advance-News, Volume 91, Number 4, Nappanee, Elkhart County, 20 July 1967 — Page 3

SPOTLIGHT ON SCIENCE

When yo take your first trip on a nuclear-powered airplane daanatirae in the future, remember that the efforts of many scientists have helped put you in the passenger's seat. Or. Sigmund Weissmann, a Materials Engineer at Bulgers University is one of the many scientists cooperating with the Air Force to develop metal alloys durable enough to undergo supersonic flights and reactor materials tig* enough to he used in a nuclear airplane. Dr. Weisanann is working will: the atomic structure of metals. By means of x-ray technology and electron microscopy, be is studying the defects 'found in metal, and testing ways to cancel them out, thus making stronger metals. When a specimen of metal is studied by x-ray or electron mi otoscope, it leaves a “fingerprint”. Graphs drawn by complex x-ra? equipment and pictures taken by means of electron microscope t provide these atomic fingerprints, or characteristic patterns. A met ail may have a pattern in one form, ibut may have a different pattern when something is added to k or done to it to make it stronger. Dr. Weissmann is using x-ray and electron microscope techniques not only to study the defects in metal, but also to discover bow defects are formed. From there he Hopes to learn how to get rid of the defects that make a metal unusable for one purpose or another. In order to find out bow defects are formed, Dr. Weissmann and his co-workers create the specimens of metal which they study. They melt metal, solidify it, add impurities to pure metal, remove impurities from impure metal, and use a technique known as zone refinig in this part of their research.

When the scientists have the metal which they want, they deform it to study the defects that occur. The metal is extended or stretched out, compressed, extended and heated at the same time, and deformed in several other ways. These deformed metals are studied by x-ray methods and electron microscopy. The patterns formed by the deformed metals, different from the patterns of the metal before deformation, give clews into the nature of the defects now in the metal. When Dr. Weissmann and his co-workers know what causes the defects in a metal, they will then be able to do whatever they wish with that metal. Still on, the edge of the first step of this enormous amount of knowledge, there has (been one break-through in improving metals Strengthen By Weakening The researchers have discovered that a metal can be made stronger by adding more defects to it, at least in the case of the fatigue life of metals. Metal fatigue occurs when a metal is in constant vibration, as are the pistons in autos and some parts in airplanes. Just before a metal is at the point of fracture, Dr. Weissmann takes the metal and fatigues it further —= but he fatigues the metal with very slow vibrations. The slow vibrations create more defects in the metal. These new defects act with the other defects —and some of the original defects arc canceled out. Similar results are also obtained by proper heat treatment. When the defects are-canceled out, the final result is to make the metal stronger. Metal fatigued

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In. time ways will last tar times m fang, Dr. WeuanMfin has proved. He hopes to apply throe processes to aluminum to make k feet ten times as long. ’Hie fatigue life of the metal can only be lengthened when the researcher knows what new de-* facts to create. The wrong defects will fracture the metaL This is why this research is concerned with studying defects in the metal, defects that actually occur, on. an atomic level. Nuclear-Powered Planes The knowledge of defects <in metal will have many applications. The Air Force is interested in Ending a supersonic alloy. Such m alloy must be able to wsthand Ugh temperatures, be re-; aslant to corroaioo, not fatigue easily and have many other spec al qualities. JM Such a metal can be mode onlyafter the defects that prevent Jiese special qualities are underilood. When they are understood, Dr. Weissman can then work on finding procedures to cancel out hese defects. And when these undesirable defects are done a•way with, he will have a metal with all the qualities required for a supersonic alloy. ’ Reactor materials are another application of this research. Nuclear fuel for an airplane niust be lighter than that no w used to submarines if a plane is to be airtooume. The airplane itself must be made of metal with Special qualities. These things can. only come about through continued research. , ~, “Engineers must now become concerned with the atomic structure and properties of materials,” emphasized Dr. Weissmann. “It ijs a thing of the past to- take prefabricated materials and find aplications for them. We must build our own materials from knowledge of atomic structure and .pro-, perties.”

AT THE LIBRARY THE BRIDGE OF LOVE By Grace Nies Fletcher This is a biography, but in reality, it’s a fender love story. It deals with Merrell Vories a young American architect who goes to Japan: He eventually starts the Obi Brotherhood, a group of Christians Who live and work together. His first years in Japan are rough until the Japanese realize that 1 the 1 work he’s doing is ,to their great 'benefit. He meets a Japanese girl, Maki HitotSuyanagb l who is from the JaperiesC ‘ iloibitidty. They marry, although bO<th their families strenuously object. ,They had a long, rich life together. When the war comes, he has already taken Japanese citizenship. After the war, he is helpful in bringing about order in the defeated country. He ‘has an interesting relationship with Hirohfito and an interview with Douglas MacAnthur. The book is beautifully written and with great tenderness. The accomplishments of this couple were many and their lives were significant. SHERK FAMILY REUNION 56 attended the 32nd annual Sherk reunion on Sunday, July 16. Jerry Sherk was elected president; Devon Weaver, vice-presi-dent; and Barbara Jo Shell, seer retary-treasurer. The oldest person attending was George Laser, and the youngest was Duane Weaver. The next reunion will be n the third Sunday in July, 1908.

Wa-Con-Ki-Ya Girls Visit Chicago Recently

Over (he trot tiro years, the Wta-Can-Ki-Ya camp fire girls have been planning a trip to Chicago, which became a rroHty starting set 6 a.m. on July il when the girts assembled at the Church of God annex. Their guar dim tor toe past three, years, Mrs. Betty Hepter and her asstotant, Mrs. Helen Ifiltor, chaperoned the trip. FUm May, Jill Hardesty, Gwen Teieschow, Susie Hepler, Patty Stobaugh, Cindy Miller,; Debbie Romish, CaraT Ham sfepr and Sylvia McAndrews made toe trip. The group first went to Elmhurst where they spent five hours at >.a recreation park catted Adventure Land. Thro then went to Obicago where they Stayed at the Eastgate Hotel. Activities included a walk to CBS, shopping at a large dime store, a view of Chicago from the top of the PruBuilding, inspection of toe froi* pages collected over 100 years at the Chicago Tribune. The girts had their breakfast in their rooms toe second day and then traveled Michigan Avenue, stopping' alt Old Town and .visiting a store which sold paper dresses. They spent the rest of the day at the Museum of Science and Industry. They came home via toe toll road loaded with gifts. HA&Mr < ■ Some otf these girts had been together a long-time;in camp fire. Mrs. Miller had led toerif Blue Bird group for tiro years.

NAPPANEE Lions Club CHICKEN BAR-B-Q FRI., JULY 28 5:00 to 7:30 During Sidewalk Days *1“ ADULTS ♦l* CHILD. SERVING ON SOUTH MAIN ST. Ruin bate July 79 ■ i | ■ l ■■ ■ ■ |i ■ i ■■■ ■■■—Xyi...PM... —nil.

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ATTENDS 441 CAMP Committee to attend toe State 441 Conservation Gang) at the Hooeder 441 Leadership Center July 10-14. An all star program of Purdue SjpecitiHte gave instruction in forestry, wildlife, insects, and soil and waiter conservation. Swimming, games, music, motion pictures, tours, and good food were also included. Ed J. Lott, State Extension Forester, Purdue, was toe camp director. Gordon Jones, 4-H Club Department, Purdue, was the assistant director. The Hotosier 4-H Leadership Center is located 12 miles southwest of Lafayette on toe banks of the beautiful Wabash river. Dennis is a member of the Nappanee Variety 4-H Club. He is the son of Mr. mid Mrs. Dale Berger.

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County Fair Plans Big Events A variety of feature attractions are planned for the Elkhart County Fair August 7-12. They will actually get underway at 7 pm. on that Monday when toe parade passes the reviewing stand. That evening will also include the announcement of float winners, the queen contest finals and the presentation of Elkhart County’s poultry princess. The 4-H public dress review will start at 6:45 pm. on Tuesday August 9. On Wednesday at ithe same time the adult dress review will take place. The parade of 4-H champions will be at 6:45 pm. on Thursday. Entertainment will include two performances of Connie Smith,

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•the Sundowners, and 'Red BJanchord oa TMHkgr evening, a variety show on Wednesday featuring Paula Kelly and the Modernaires, Jo ann Castle, Johnny Matson, Don Gtasser orchestra with vocalist Lois Coate Ho, and LaVonne Lear.. The Royal Guardsmen will perform twice on Thursday evening. On Friday, August 11, there’ll be 4-H Citizens hip in Action followed by two performances of the Rotroff Thrill Spectacular. Saturday at 1 pjn. will be a program observing Armed Forces Day followed by Motorcycle races and the Irtwi Horsemen in theevening. Bill Hostetler of the Farm Bureau and Don Sheets of Robinson and Price and Dale Sfcouder, all have tickets available for most of these events.

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LOCKE CENTER SCHOOL REUNION 31 persons attended the 29th annual Locke Center School reunion, which was held on July 46. Harvey M. Ctingdanei was etected president; Roy G. Slagle, vice-president; and Mrs. Harvey dingdanel was elected secretarytreasurer. The oldest person present was Loren KnOwhon, and the youngest was Harvey M. Clingdanel. The next reunion will be on the third 'Sunday in July, 1068. Honesty knows no degrees.

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