Nappanee Advance-News, Volume 10, Number 50, Nappanee, Elkhart County, 6 March 1889 — Page 2

SWORN IN. Benjamin Harrison Takes the Oath jblb President A VAST CROWD VIEWS THE CEREMONY. The New Chief Magistrate Inaugurated in the MUlst of a Pelting Rain-Storm— Vice-President Morton Inducted Into Office. HARRISON AT THE HELM. Washington, March .s.—Benjamin Harrison took the oath of office which made him President of the United States at 13:15 o'clock yesterday. The ceremony took place on the eastern portico of the capitol, on which were gathered thousands of the noted public men of the country. The party stood facing the famous “Peace” monument, which seemed to rise from a blackwaved ocean of umbrellas. The people surged into the plaza in front of the capitol, and as the new President raised his hand from the Bible on which he swore to Obey and preserve the constitution of the

PRESIDENT HARRISON. United States, a cheer Intense in enthusiasm told the waiting' thousands that the formal act of the inauguration had been completed. Vice-President Levi P. Morton was administered the official oath by President Pro Tern. Ingalls at the bar of the Senate before the inauguration of the President. The weather for the inauguration was miserable. Bain was falling all the forenoon, and the Committee of Arrangements at one time contemplated holding the ceremonies in the Senate Chamber, which would have eliminated one of the most interesting features of the day—the administration of the oath to the President-elect in the presence of the people. Senators Cockrell, Hoar and Cullom,representing the Inaugural Committee, called upon Mr. Halford and upon the Presidentelect at 10:30 o’clock, and the finishing touches of the plans for the programme at the capitol were completed. At 10:45 o’clock Mr. Harrison and his party took carriages and were driven to Willard’s Hotel, where they were to meet President Cleveland, who was to escort, according to the usual custom, his successor to the capitol for inauguration. The delay at Willard’s was very brief, and at 11 o’clock the retiring President and the one who was so shortly to be his successor were driven to the capitol, followed by a selected military guard aud accompanied by the Vice-President-elect. The families of President Harrison and VicePresident Morton also followed in carriages and on their arrival all were shown to rooms in the Senate end of the capitol. Adjoining the Senate chamber •re two rooms set aside for the use of the President and Vice-President, elegantly furnished and only a few steps from the Senate chamber. Here the three central figures of the occasion, the retiring President, the President-elect and the Vice-President-elect, remained until the hour set for the great event of the day. THE INAUGURATION. , The ceremonies of inauguration began with the organization of the Senate. At 10 a m. the Senate and House had named the usual joint committee of notification of the President of the readiness of the two bouses of Congress to adjourn. The joint committee having communicated with President Cleveland conveyed his answer to thehf respective houses that he had no further communications to make. “ a The Committee of Arrangements then waited upon Mr. Morton, who was in attendance at the Vice-President’s office at the Oapitol. Having received their notification the Vice-President-elect entered the Senate chamber by the main door. His presence having been announced by the door-keeper, the Senate arose.

VICE-PRESIDENT MOBTON. President pro tempore ' Ingalls, standing, said: “Senators: The chair has the pleasure to announce that the Vice-Presi-dent-elect of the United States is in the Senate chamber, and if agreeable to him the chair will administer to him the oath of office.” The Vice-President-elect, having advanced to the foot of the President’s dais, there took the oath prescribed by law, after which he was conducted to a seat at the right of the President of the Senate. That retiring officer rising, pronounced his valedictory. at the conclusion of which, the great clock of the Senate pointing at the moment of meridian, he declared the Senate adjourned without day. The new President of the Senate the instant his predecessor retired from his seat took the chair. The retiring President delivered to him the ivory gavel, the insignia of the authority of the body over which he presides. The VicePresident of the United States and the President of the Senate, Mr. Morton, after a few introductory remarks, proclaimed the Senate in session by virtue of the proclamation of the President, which the Secretary of the Senate read. Vice President Morton’s remarks were as follows: “Senators: I shall enter upon the discharge of the delicate, and high, and important duties of the office to which I have been called by the people of the United States without experience as a pres id ng officer. I therefore bespeak, in advauoe, the indulgent consideration which you have already been read; to extend to the occupant of this chair. _ “As presiding officer of the Senate, it will be my earnest desire to administer the rules of procedure with entire fairness and to treat each Senator with the courtesy and consideration due at an times to the representatives of great States in s legislative body. “I'hope that our relations, personally and officially, will prove mutually agreeable. May 1 add my confident hope that our duties will be discharged in a manner that will maintain the dignity of the Senate and add to the prosperity and happiness of the people of this great Nation." The newly-elected Senators whose credentials are on file were called forward in alphabetical order in groups of four by the Secretary and the oaths of office admlnistovod* ■She newly-elected President, who had been escorted from his temporary residence at the Arlington Hotel by the retiring Presi-

dent and the Committee of Arrangements and attendant body of soldiers, entered the Senate chamber, accompanied by bis predecessor and the committee, and was shown to a seat in front of the Secretary’s desk, the ex-President and members of the committee sitting on his right The Vice-President then announced from the chair: “ The Serge an t-at-Anns will now execute the order of the Senate relating to the inaugural of the President of the United States.” The persons in the Senate chamber then proceeded to the platform on the eastern central portion of the capitol In the following order: Marshal of the District of Columbia and marshal of the Supreme Court of the United States, ex-President Hayes, ex-V.oe-Presldent Haml n, the Supreme Court of the Un.ted States, led by Chief-Justice Fuller, the Sergeant -at - Arms of the Senate, the committee of arrangements, the Presdent and President-elect, the Vice-President and the Secretary of the Senate, the members of the Senate, the diplomatic corps, tho heads of executive departments, the members of the House of Representatives and Represeuta-ttves-elect, Governors and Ex-Governors of States and others admitted to the floor. Upon reaching the platform on the eastern portico the President-Elect, Chief Justice and Committee of Arrangements occupied seats on a raised dais. It was still raining and the party had to use umbrellas. The President, as soon as the arrangements on the platform were completed, turned facing the Chief Justice, in the presence of the people; the clerk of the Supreme Court advancing between held an open Bible, the President resting the palm of bis right hand upon the open page and repeating after the Chief Justice the oath prescribed by the constitution.*,' Having finished the new President leaned over and kissed the sacred book as a symbol of acknowledgement of his great trust in behalf of the people and their institutions. Chief-Justice Fuller, then extended his hand iu greeting, the Vice-President advanced and extended the same form of salutation on behalf of the legislative coordinate branch of the Government. The moment the President placed his lips upon the Bible in response to a given signal the batteries in the park fired u National salute and the troops presented arms. Then the President delivered his address. A load cheer went up from the thousands of throats when President Harrison ended. The Senate returned to its chamber and formally adjourned for the day. The Committee on Arrangements having charge of the President escorted him to the state carriage, drawn by four horses, awaiting him at the Senate entrance. The President took a position near the head of the column, passing down Pennsylvania avenue to the White House, where he reviewed the great procession from the stand erected for the purpose in company with a large number of prominent officials of the States and Nation and the diplomatic corps. THE PARADE. Fifty Thousand Men Slarch In tho Rain— Tho Imposing Line Reviewed by Fresl dent Harrison as It Passes the White House. Washington, March s.— The inaugural procession, which was one of the longest ever seen iu Washington, was ar-

ranged according to the historical rank of the States represented by the organizations. The military and civic organizations of the State first ratifying the constitution had the first Blace8 lace on the list; then lose of the second State to ratify! and so onto tho endlof the original thit ee n States. Them followed the rapre-

GOVEBNOB BE.VYEB.

sentatives of ail the other States in the order of their admission into the Union. The number of persons taking part in the procession, including civic ana military organizations, is estimated at nearly 50,000, and the display is counted the grandest ever witnessed in Washington on any occasion of this kind.

THE PARADE ON PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. The review of the monster procession occupied a pretty large share of the afternoon, and the President and his party were glad to retire to the White House when ft had passed and partake of the substantial lunch which was awaiting them. This had been prepared at the direction of the retiring President, and was the closing of his formal attention to his successor. When this was over ex-President Cleveland bade adieu to President Harrison and withdrew to his temporary home, while the new President and his wife-retired to their apartments in the White House in the endeavor to secure needed rest in preparation for the events of the evening. EXIT PRESIDENT CLEVELAND. His tut Day in the White House a Busy One—Acts Approved. Washington, March 5. Ex-President Cleveland’s part in yesterday’s ceremonies closed when the party returned to the White House from the capltoL There he was joined by Colonel Lamont, and Hie two entered Secretary Fairchild’s carriage and were driven direct to the latter’s residence on New Hampshire avenue. Mrs. Cleveland preceded them there by about an hour. President Cleveland had a very busy morning. He remained hard at work until 8 o’clock and was up and at work again at 8 o'clock. The members of the Cabinet were with him most of the time. A vast amount of business was accomplished. A large number of bills were approved, the most important being Ctne act amending the InterState Commerce bill, the Sundry Civil Appropriation bill, the Indian Appropriation bill, the Deficiency Appropriation bill, the Post-office Appropriation bill, the Army Appropriation bill, the Agricultural Appropriation bill, and the bill to forfeit lands granted to the State of Michigan to aid in the construction of a railroad from Marquette to Ontonagon. THE CABINET. The Names of President Harrison’s Chosen Advisers Almost Beady to Be Made Public. Washington, March s.—The understanding is that President Harrison will send in the names of the members of his Cabinet to the Senate to-day and that they will be confirmed at once. New Yoke, March s.—The Tribune’s Washington special says that the situation with regard to the Cabinet remains practically unchanged. Nothing has occurred in the last twenty-four hours which in any way would justify a modification of the list as already announced. It is generally believed that the list which will be sent to the Senate to-day is as follows: Stale, Blaine; Treasury, Wlndom; War, Proctor; Navy, Tracy; Interior, Noble culture, Busk; Postmaster-General, Wanar maker; Attorney-General, W. H. H. Miller. Death of the House. Washington, March 4.—The House quietly adjourned sne die at noon. The Senate will as usual, continue In special session until the new President’s nominations are acted upon. There are persistent rumors of existing differences in the British Cabinet,

TO THE PEOPLE. The Ideas of the New President on Vital Topics TEXT OF THE INAUGURAL ADDRESS. He Will Have No Special Policy for Any Section—Stronger Naturalization Laws Needed—The Civil Service, Pension and Land Questions. THE INAUGUBAI* ADDRESS. Washington, March s. —President Harrison delivered his address standing in the rain, with the water dripping from the manuscript from which he read. His face seemed pale, and he was suffering from slight nervousness, which gradually wore off as he proceeded. Most of the people dbuld hear his voice, which, however, was not at its best The address was as follows: There is no constitutional or legal requirement that the President shall take the oath of office in the presence of the people. But there is so manifest an appropriateness in the publio induction to office of the Chief Executive officer of the Nation that from the beginning of the Government the people, to whose service the official oath consecrates the officer, have been called to witness the solemn ceremonial. The oath taken in the presence of the people becomes a mutual covenant—the officer covenants to serve the whole body of the peoplehy a faithful execu ion of the laws, so that they may be the unfailing derense and security or those who respect and observe them, and that neither wealth, station nor the power or combinations shall he able to evade their just penalties or to wrest them from a beneficent public purpose to serve the ends of cistjUy or selfishness. My promise Is spoken; yours unspoken—but not the less real and solemn. The people of every State have their representatives. Surely Ido not misinterpret the sp.ritof the occasion when I assume that the whole bodv of the

TAKING THE OATH. people covenant with me and with each other to support and defend the constitution and the Union of the States, to yield willing obedience to all the laws and each to every other citizenhis equal, civil and political rights. Entering thus solemnly into covenant with each other, we may reverently invoke and conUdently expect the favor and help of Almighty God. that He will give to me wisdom, strength and fidelity, and to our people a spirit of fraternity and a love of righteousness and peace. This occasion der.ves peculiar interest from the fact that ihe Presidential term, which begins this day, is the twenty-sixth under our constitut on. The first Inauguration of President Washington took plaoe in New York, wviefSr Congress was then sitting, on the 30th dtw of April. 1788, having been deferred by reison of delays attending the organization of the Congress and the canvass of the electoral vote. Our people have already worthily observed the centennials of the declaration of independence, of the battle of Yorktown and ot the adopt on of the constitution; and will shortly oelobrate in New York the institution of the second great department of our constitutional scheme ot government. When the centennial of the institution of the judioial department. by the organization of the Supreme Court, shall have been suitably observed, as I trust it w 11 be, our Nation will have fully entered Us second century. I will not attempt to note the marvelous and, m great part, happy contrasts between our country as it steps over the threshold into Its second century of organized existence under the'constitution, and that weak but wisely ordered young nation that looked undauntedly down the first oentury, when all its years stretched out before it. Our people will not fa 1 at this time to recall the incidents which accompanied the institution of Government under the const tution, or to find inspiration and guidance in the teachings and example ot Washington and his great associates, and hope and courage in the contrast which th rty-eight populous and prosperous States offer to thirteeu States, weak in every thing except courage and the love of liberty that then fringed our Atlantic seaboard. The Territory of Dakota has now a population greater than any of the original States except Virginia, and greater than the aggregate of five of the smaller States in 1730. The center of populnt on. when our National Capital was located, was east of Baltimore, and it was argued by many well-informed persons that it would move eastward rather than westward. Y’et in 1880 it was found to be near Cincinnati, and in the new census about to be taken will show another stride to the westward. That which was the body has come to he only the rich fringe of the Nation’s robe. But our growth has not been limited to territory, population und aggregate wealth, marvelous as it has been In each of these directions. The masses or our people are better fed, clothed and housed than the r fathers were. The facilities for popular education have been vastly enlarged and more generally and Bused. The v rtues of courage and patriotism have given recent proof of their continued presence and increasing power in the hearts and over Yhe fives of our people. The Influences of religion have been multiplied and strengthened. The sweet offices of charity have greatly ncreased. The virtue of temperance is held in higher estimation. We have not attained an ideal condition. Not all of our people are hap; y and prosperous; not ail of them arc virtuous and law-abiding. But, on the whole, the opportunit es offered to the individual to secure the comforts of fife are better than are to be found elsewhere and largely better than they were here 100 years ago. The surrender of a large measure of sovereignty to the general Government, effected by the adoption of the constitution, was not aocomplshed until the suggestions of reason were strongly reinforced by the more Imperative voice of experience. The divergent interests of peace speedily demanded a " more perfect union.” The merchant, the sh pinaster and the manufacturer discovered and disclosed to our statesmen and to the people that commercial emancipation must be added to the political freedom which had been so bravely won- The oommerc.al policy of the mother country had not relaxed any of its hard and oppressive features. To hold In obeok the development or our commercial marine, to prevent or retard the establishment and growth of manufactures iu the States, and so to secure the American market for their shops and the carrying trade for their ships, was the policy of European statesmen, and was pursued with the most selfish vigor. Petitions poured In upon Congress urgng the imposition of discr. ruinating duties that should eneourage the production ot needed things at home. The patriotism of the people, which no longer found a field of exercise In war, was energetically direoted to the duty of equipping the young republic for the defense of its independence by making Its people self-dependent. Societies for the promotion of home manufactures and for encouraging the use of domestics in the dress of the people were orgunlzedHn many ot the States. The revival at the end of the century ot the same patriotlo interest in the preservation and development of -aomestlo industries, and the defense or our working people against injur ous foreign competition Is an incident worthy of attention. It Is not a departure but a return that we have witnessed. The protective policy had then Its opponents. The argument was made as now that the benefits inured to particular classes or sections. If the question became In any sense or at any time sectional. It was only because slavery existed In some parts of the States. But for this, there was no reason why the ootton-prodno ng States should not have led or walked abreast with the New England States In the protection of ootton fabrics. There was this reason only why the States that divide with Pennsylvania the mineral treasures ot the great southeastern and central mountain ranges should have been so tardy in bringing to the smelting furnace and to the mill the coal and iron from their near opposing hillsides. Mill flies were lighted at the funeral pile of slavery. The emanol nation proclamation was heard in the depths of the earth, as well as In the sky—men were made free andl material things became our better servants. The sectional element hue happ ly been elim noted from the tariff discussion. We have no longer States that are ncoessarJy only planting States. None are excluded from achieving

that diversification of pursuit among the people whloh brings wealth and oontentment. Tbe cotton plantation will not be less valuable when tbe product is spun in tbe county town by operatives whose necessities call for diversified crops and create a borne demand for garden and agrtcnlturnl products. Kvery new mine, furnace and factory is an extension of tbe productive cnpaelty of the State more real and valuable than added territory. Shall tbe prejudices and paralysis of slavery continue to hang upon the skirts of progress? How long will tbose, who rejoice that slavery no longer exists, cherish or tolerate the incapacities it put upon their communities? I look hopefully to the continuance of our protective system, and to the consequent development of manufacturing and mining enterprises in the States, hitherto wholly given to agriculture, as a potent inflnence in the perfeot unification of our people. Tbe men who have invested their oapltnl in these enterprises, the farmors who have felt the benefit of their neighborhood, and the men who work in shop or field, will not fail to find and defend a community of interest. Is it not quite possible that the farmers and the promoters of the great mining and manufacturing enterprises, whioh have recently been established in tbe South, may yet find that the free ballot of the working-man, wihout distinction of race, is needed for their defense as well as for his own? Ido not doubt that if those men in the South who now accept the tariff views of Clay and the constitutional expositions of Webster, would courageously avow and defend their real convictions they would not find it difficult, by friendly Instruction and co-operation, to make the black man their efficient and snre ally, not only in establishing correct principles in our National Administration, but in preserving, for the r local communities, the benefits of social order and economical and bonest Government. At least until the good offices of kindness and education have been fairly tried, the contrary conclusion can not be plausibly urged. I have altogether rejected the suggestion of r, special Executive polioy for any section of cur country. It is the duty of the Executive to administer and enforce, in the methods and by the instrumentalities po nted out and prov ded by tho constant on, all the laws er acted by Congress. These laws are general ard their administration should be uniform ani equal. Asa citizen may not elect what laws he will obey, no tber may the Execut ve elect which be will enforce. The duty to obey and to execute embraces the constitution in its entirety, and the whole code of laws enacted under it. The evil example or permitting individuals, corporations or communities to nullify the laws because the; cross some seiflsh or ocal interests or prejudices, is full ofdauger, not only to the Nation at large, but much more to those who use this pernio ous expedient to escape their just obligations or to obtain an unjust advantage overotbers. They will presen*.ly themselves be compelled to appeal to the law for protection, and those who would use 'he law as a defense must not deny that use of: tto others. If our great corporations would more scrupulously observe their legal limitations and duties, they would have less cause to comDlai: of the unlawful limitations of their rights or o" violent Interference with the r operations. The community that by concert, open or secret, among its citizens, denies to a portion o' its members their plain rights under the law, has severed the onlr safe bond of social o der and prosperity. The evil works, from a bad center, both ways. It demoralizes those who Practice it, and destroys the faith of those who suffer by it in the efficiency of tbe law as a safe protector. The man in whose breast that faith has been darkened is naturally ‘.he subjeot of dangerous and uncanny suggestions. Those who use unlawful methods, if moved by no higher motive than the selfishness that prompted them, may well stop and inquire what is to be tbe end of this. An unlawful expedient can not become a permanent condition of government. If the educated and influential classes in a community either praotice or connive at the systematic violat on of laws that seem to them to cross their convenience, what can they expect when the lesson that convenience or a supposed class interest is a sufficient cause for unlawlessness has been well learned by tbe igDorant c'asses? A community where law is the rule >f conduct, and where courts, not mobs, ext cute Its penalties, is the only attractive field far business investments and honest labor. Our naturalization laws should be so amended as to make the inquiry into the character and good disposition of persons applying for citizenship more careful and searching. Our ex sting laws have been in their administration an unimpressive and often an unintelligible form. We accept the man as a citizen without any knowledge of his fitness, and he assumes the duties of citizenship without any knowledge as to what they are. The privileges of American citizenship are so great and its duties so grave that we may well insist upon a good knowledge of every person applying for citizenship and a good knowledge by him of our institutions. 5Ve should not cease to be hospitable to imm gration, but we should cease to be careless as to tbe charactor of it. There are men of all races, even to the best, whose coming is necessarily a burden upon our public revenues or a threat to social order. These should be identified and excluded. We have happily maintained a policy of avoiding all interference with European affairs. We hove been only interested spectators of their contention in diplomacy and ready to use our friendly offices to promote peace, but never obtruding our advice, and never attempting unfairly to coin tbe distresses of other powers into commercial advantage to ourselves. We have a lust right to expect that

PASSINO THE CAPITOL. our European polioy will be the American policy of European courts. It is so manifestly incompat Vie with those precautions for our peace ar and safety wh ch all the great powers habitual'y observe and enforce in matters affecting hem, that a shorter water-way between oar Eastern and Western seaboards should be dominated by any European Government, that we may confidently expect hat such a purpose will not be entertai' ed by any friendly power. We shall ir the future, as in toe past, use eve y endeavor to ma ntain and enlarge our frle: dly relations with all the great powers, but .hey will not expect us to look kindly upon an ’ project that would leave us subject to the and ngers of a hostile observation or environmtmt. We have not sought to dominate or abscTb any of our weaker neighbors, but ratherl ) aid acd encourage them to establish free anc stable governments, resting upon the consent of their own people. We have a clear right tc expect, therefore, that no European Government will seek to establish colonial dependencies upon the territory of these lndependen American states. That which sense of justice restrains us from seeking, they may be reas r nably expected willingly to forego. It must not be assumed, however, that our tnteres* a are so exclusively American that our entire i- attentlonto any events that may transpire elsowhere oa nbe taken Jor granted. Our cit rons domiciled for purposes of trade in all countris and in many of the islands of the sea, demand and will have our adequate care In their personal and commercial rights. The necessities of our navy require convenient coaling sta' ions and dock and harbor privileges. These r nd other trading privileges we will feel Tree to btaln only by means that do not m any degree lartake of coeroion, however feeble the Government from wh oh we ask such concession. But, having fairly obtained them, by method i and for purposes entirely cons stent with the- most friendly disposition towards all other v wera, our consent will be necessary to any me liflcauon or impairment of the concession. We shall neither fail to respect the flag of any friendly nation or the just rights of its oitizens, nor to exact the like treatment tor our own. Calmness, justice and consideration should characterize our diplomacy. The offices of an i- telligent diplomacy ot of friendly arbitration in proper cases snould he adequate to the pe iceful adjustment of ell international dlfflcul ies. By suoh methods we will make our contribution to the world's peace, wh ch no nation ralues more highly, and avoid the opprobrium which must tall upon the nation that rr hlessly breaks it. The duty devolved by law upon the President tr nominate and by and with the advice and cc sent of the Senate to appoint all public officers whose appointment Is not otherw se provic and for In the constitution or by act of Congreia. has become very burdensome and its wis acd efficient discharge full of difficulty. The oivil Hat Is so large that ape sonal knowledge of any large numb -of the applicants Is impossible.

The President must rely upon the represents tions of others, and these are often made Inconsiderately and without an; just sense of responslbllty. I have a right, I think, to insist that those who volunteer or are invited to give advice as to appointments shall exercise consideration and fidelity. A high sense of duty and an ambition to improve the service should characterize all public officers. There are many ways In whioh the convenience and oomfort of those who have business with our public offices may be promoted by a thoughtful and obliging officer, and I shall expeot those whom I may appoint to justify their selection by a conspicuous efficiency In the discharge of their duties. Honorable party service will certainly not bo esteemed by me a disqualification for public office, but it will in no case be allowed to serve as a shield of offloial negligence. Incompetency or delinquency. It is entirely creditable to seek public office by proper methods and with proper motives, and all applicants will be treated with consideration. But I shall need, and the heads of departments will need, time for Inquiry and deliberation. Persistent Importunity will not, therefore, bo the best support of an application for office. Heads of departments, bureaus and all other publio officers having any duty connected therewith will be expected to inforce Civil-Service law fully and without evasion. Beyond this obvious duty I hope to do something more to advance the reform of the civiliserv.ee. The Ideal, or even my own Ideal, I shall probably not attain. Retrospect will be a safer basis of judgment than promises. 5Ve shall not, however, lam sure, be able to put our 'civil service upon a non-partisan basis until we have secured an lncumbencw that fair-minded

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THE REVIEWING STAND. men of the opposition will approve for impartiality and integrity. As the number of such in the civil list is increased, removals from office will diminish. While a Treasury surplus Is not the greatest evil, it is a serious evil. Our revenue should be ample to meet the ordinary annual demand upon our Treasury, with a sufficient margin for those extraordinary but scarcely less imDorative demands which arise now and then. Expenditure should always he made with economy, and only upon public necessity. Wastefulness, profligacy and favoritism in public expenditures is criminal. But there Is nothing in the condition of our country or our people to suggest that any thing presently necessary to the public prosperity, security or honor should be unduly postponed. It will be the duty of Congress wisely to forecast and est mate these extraordinary demands, and, having added them to our ordinary expenditures, to so adjust our revenue laws that no considerable annual surplus will remain. We will, fortunately, be able to apply to the redemption ot the public debt any small orunforeseen excess of revenue. This is better than to reduce our income below our necessary expenditures with the resulting cho ce between another change of our revenue laws and an increase of the public debt. It is quite possible, lam sure, to effect the necessary reduction in our revenues without breaking down our protective tariff or seriously injuring any domestic industry. The construction of a sufficient number of modern war ships and of their necessary armament should progress as rapidly as is consistent with care and perfection in plans and workmanship. The sp rit, courage and skill of our naval officers and seamen have many times in our history given to weak ships and ineffic ent guns a rating greatly beyond that of the naval list. That they wifi again do so upon occasion Ido not doubt, but they ought not by premeditation or neglect to be left to the risks and exigencies of an unequal combat. We should encourage the establishment of American steamship lines. The exchanges of commerce demand stated, reliable and rapid means of communicat on, and until these are provided the development ol our trade with the States lying south of us is impossible. Our pension laws should ft ve more adequate and discriminating relief to tte Un on soldiers and sa lors, and to their widows and orphans. Such occasions as this should remind us that we owe every thing to their valor and sacrifices. It i9 a subject of congratulation that there is a near prospect of the admission into the Un on of the Dakotas and Montana and Washington Terntor es. This act of justice has been unreasonably delayed in the case of some of them. The people who have settled these Territories are intelligent, enterprising and patriotic, and the access on of these new States will add strength to the Nation. It is due to the settlers in the Territories who have availed themselves of the invitations of our land laws to make homes upon the public domain that their titles should be speedily adjusted and their honest entries confirmed by patent. It is very gratifying to observe the general interest now being manifested in the reform of our election laws. Those who have been for years calling attention to the pressing necessity of throwing about the ballotbox and about the elector further safeguards, in order that our elections might not only be free and pure, but might clearly appear to he so, will welcome the accession of any who did not so soon discover the need of reform. The National Congress has not taken control of elections in that case over uhich the constitution gives it jurisdiction, but has accepted and adopted the election laws of the several States, provided penalties for their violation and a method of supervision. Only the nefficieocv of the State laws, or an unfa r or partisan administration of them, could suggest a departure from this policy. It was clearly, however, in the contemplation of the framers of the constitution that such an exigency might arise, and provision was wisely made for it. The freedom of the ballot is a condition of our National fife, and no pi wer invested in Congress or in the Executive to secure or perpetuate it should remain unused upon occasion. The people ol all the Congressional districts have an equal interest that the election in each shall truly express the views and wishes of a majority of the qualified electors residing within it. The results of such elections are not local, and tho insistence of electors residing in other districts that they shall be pure and free does not savor at all of impertinence. If, in any of the States, the public security is thought to bo threatened by ignorance among tne electors, the obvious remedy is education. The sympathy and help of our people will not be withheld from anv community struggl ng with special embarrassments or difficulties connected with the suffrage, if the remedies proposed proceed upou lawful lines and are promoted by just and honorable methods. How shall those who practice election frauds recover that respect for the sanctity cot tne ballot which is the first condition and Obligation of good oitizensbip. The man who has come to regard the ballot-box as a juggler’s hat has renounced his allegiance. Let us exalt patriotism and moderate our party contentions. Let those who would die for the flag on the field of battle give a better proof ot their patriotism and a higher glory to their country by promoting fraternity and justice. A party success that is achieved by unfair methods or by practices that partake of revolution is hurtful and evanescent, even from a party stand-point. We should hold our differing opinions in mutual respect, and having submitted them to the arbitrament of the ballot, should accept an adverse judgment with the same respect that we would have demanded of our opponents, if the decision had been in our favor. No other people have a Government more worthy of their respect and love, or a land so magnificent in extent, so pleasant to look upon and so full ot generous suggestion to enterprise and labor. God has placed upon our head ad adem, and has laid at our feet power and wealth beyond definition or calculation. But we must not forget that we take these gifts upon the condition that justioe and mercy shall hold the reins of power and that the upward avenues of hope shall be free|to all the people. I do not mistrust the future. Dangers have been in frequent ambush along our path, but we have uncovered ana vanquished them all. Passion has swept some of our communities, but only to give us a new demons'ration that the great body of our people are stable, patriotic and law-abiding.

No political party can long pursue advantage at the expense of public honor or by rude and indeoent methods without protest and fatal disaffection In Its own body. The peaceful agencies of commerce are more fully revealing the necessary unity of all our communities, and the increasing inter* course of our people is promoting mutual respect We shall find unalloyed pleasure In the revelation which our next census will make of the swift development of the great resources of some of the States. Each State will bring its generous contributions to the great aggregate of the Nation's increase. And, when the harvests from the fields, the cattle from the hills and the ores of the earth shall have been weighed, counted and valued, we will turn from them all to crown with the highest honor the State that has most promoted education, virtue, justice and patriotism amoog its people. THE BALL. A Glittering Scene [at the New Pension Building—Fifteen Thousand Persons Attend the Inaugural Ball—Reception by the New President. Washington, March 5. The shifting scenes of the great inaugural panorama culminated last night in the brilliant ball at the new Tension building. It is impossible here to fully describe the beautifully decorated ball room or the supper room, or the rooms assigned for the use of the Presidential party. It is sufficient to say that they were of the most elaborate kind. From floor to ceiling was presented to the eye a wonderful and harmonious blending of color. The great court which was the scene of such a brilliant gathering made probably the largest ball-room in the world. It is divided into three great sections, 100 by 100 feet, by four immense pillars, which support the roof. Each of these made a ball-room larger than any two halls in the city. Some idea of the quantity of decoration material that is used may be gleaned from the fact that it took 2,716 feet of flags formed in fans, 12,000 feet of laurel, 6,(W0 feet of streamers, and there were 6,700 flags used in the entire building. The ball-room, besides the gas jets that burned on the double row of pillars, 126 in number, was lighted by 2,000 incandescent electric lights. These latter gleamed like stars.' Midway under the arches all around the galleries eight immense chandeliers were suspended from the roof. The electric • lights in these were around squares, circles and stars of gilded piping. From the tip-top gallery twenty calcium lights were thrown with food effect in showing the portraits of the resident and Vice-President., which hung over the east and west entrances to the hall. The big pictures were framed in red plush, were twenty feet high and were conspicuous features of the decoration. The promenade music was rendered by the United States Marine Band, whose flowing red coats, as they sat in their flagtwined pagoda, were in ifcself an element of the picturesque. Its leader, Johu Philip Sousa, is well known as a composer of several bright, sparkling operas and dance music. Beck’s Band and orchestra played the dance music. Its director, J. G. S. Beck, has a national reputation as a musical organizer and director. Harry Coleman, its manager, is the well-known music publisher. Simon Hassler, of Philadelphia, was the dance-master of the evening. There were twenty-three dances on tho programme, and the orchestra which furnished the music for the dancers was composed of twenty-five brass and reed instruments, tweuty-two first violins, fourteen second violins, ten violas, ten violoncellos, twelve contra basses, two harps, two flutes, two oboes, two bassoons, five clarionets, one saxophone, two picolos, four French horns, four cornets, four trombones, one euphonium, two brass tubas, two small drums, one bass drum and cymbals. The Presidential party entered the hall when the brilliant scene was at its height. Looking down from the galleries it seemed as if every inch of space in the diamondtiled floor was filled with people. The grouping of the 100 members of the Committee on Reception at the west entrance was the signal of

SCENE IN THE BALL-ROOM. the expected approach of the honored guests of the evening. A sea of upturned faces watched their entrance and accompanied with longing looks the disappearance of the procession up the stairway. The President was escoried up-stairs by Judge McCammon. He looked pale and a trifle careworn after the fatigue of the day and gave a sigh of pleasant relief when the doors of his reception-room were thrown open and the little party had a few minutes by themselves while they were divested of‘their wraps by the maids in attendance. The Reception Committee entered a short while after, and soon all Its members and their ladles, the gentlemen and ladles of'the Diplomatic Corps and other especially invited guests formed in line and entered the reception room. As the ladies entered each was presented by attendants with a perfumed rosebud tied with ribbons as a little souvenir. President Harrison stood about the center of the room. Judge McCammon made tho introduction. Ex-Mayor Berrett stood on the President’s left, with other members of the committee. The heat and excitement caused the color to come back to the President’s face. His manner was decidedly cordial. He repeated, quietly but dearly, the name of each person, with “I am glad to see you.” The guests passed out Dy a north door and out on the corridor again. Only about 500 were presented. Mrs. Harrison took no part in the reception. She stood an intent and almost breathless watcher of the passing line. Standing against the curtained doorway of the room just back of where the President stood, hf t son and his wife, Mr. and Mrs. Russell Hex* rison, and Mr. and Mrs. McKee stool grouped about her. As the line formed again outside on the gallery the arrival of the Vioe-Presl-dent and Mrs. Morton and their daughters made an interesting break in the ceremony. . ... The Presidential party then proceeded to the main floor. The party, with an escort of the Reception Committee, made a circuit of. the vast hall, the President bowing and smiling in every direction. From the time the President entered the hall until the return of the party again to the reception-room the combined band and orchestra responded with ’’Hail to the Chief.” Then began the dance music, and th© sUpSered feet that had trod for an hour or two t the promenade turned to the serious business of the evening, and the inauguration ball began. Fully 15,000 persons were present, and when the hall closed at 8 o’clock this morning another great social and historical event in the Nation’s record had been aoCO, Ihesui>per-rooms were the suite of eight large rooms at the northeast corner of the buflding. The buffet was open all the evening from 8 until S In the morning. Died in Prison. Joliet, lU., Maroh s.—Newton Watt, one of the men confined in the penitentiary for the great Bock Island express robbery, died In the prison ho-pital yesterday of consumption. He made no disclosures concerning the crime for which he suffered. New Senators. Washington, March s.—The new Senators sworn in yesterday were: Barbour, of Virginia; Higgins, of Delaware; McMillan, of Michigan; Marston. of New Hampshire, and Wolcott, of Colorado.