Marshall County Independent, Volume 4, Number 17, Plymouth, Marshall County, 8 April 1898 — Page 3

HONORED HV OXFORD.

AN AMERICAN RECEIVES DISTINGUISHED RECOGNITION. TroT. Gajrlejr, I ormerly ef Jin- lni ersltj of Michigan, CJiwii tlM !-i;r- f ll)iiiir.i-, PiiUra Work iii-h Led to Hi Present fm. ROF. Charles M. (liiyley of the I'nivcrsiiy f Califorsi in-: a-law täte Bishop &ti Harri has recenty distinguish--tX nl honors confer red upon him by a n E ii 8 1 ish university. Ii is not often that such a mark of distinction tails to the lt of ..serican. and Prof. Oaylej feels ..tural elation that ii iu: come to him. and entirely without his own seeking. It is eustomary in England, and in this country also, to confer honorary decrees on distinguished men, and in the English universities It is said that one man la annually chosen as the recipient of tins honor by eaeh college, a number of colleges forming the components parts of a university. Oxford university, represented by Lincoln college, has conferred on Prof. Gayley the degree of honorary fellow. The work which led to his association with Oxford was in the service of the English publishing firm of Macmillan & Co.. who appointed him editor-in-chief of the preparation of piv-Shakspeare comedies, the scope of the work being to collect and edit these comedies so th.it they would be available not only for literarv reV PROF. CHARLES M. QATLET. search, but also for the genral reading public. Prof. Gayley was born 39 years ago in China, his father being a missionary and a Presbyterian clergyman. His early boyhood was spent in England and Ireland, and later he entered the University of Michigan, from which he graduated in the literary department. His fraternity at Ann Arbor was Psi I'psilon. He soon after became an instructor in the literary department, and succeeded in Obtaining leave of absence to Stttdy in the German universities. On his return to this country, he resumed his duties at Ann Abor as assistant professor of English, till in 1888 he accepted an offer of the ( hair of English literature at the University of California, which position he now holds. Daring his statin Ann Arbor he wrote the song 'Yellow and P.lue," which has become the 'varsity song at Ann Arbor. Ever since be has been at nerkeloy he has been closely Identified with the university extension movement, having at different times lectured all over the state. In 1891 he married Miss Sally Pickett Harris, the daughter of the late Bishop Harris. The University of California granted him a year's leave of absence to cover the ground for his English book, which could be done only in that country, ami in such places as the British museum and the Bodleian at Oxford. The authorities of the latter recognised him offlcl Uly, and gave him the full privileges of the library. When be left America he carried letters from professori and citizens here to many prominent men of letters, and he ras soon made welcome to English literary circles. Mr. and Mrs. Gayley are at present traveling on the continent of Europe. 8m from the C'oUOij; of i I. In reviewing the different method! now in vogue for obtaining illuminating gas and maufa taring or fuel gas the two kinds produced from coul by means of the retort coke oven system Mr. W. O Irwin remarks, apos the great extern attained by this industry. It has been estimated, he .-,avs. that, for each ton of coke produced upward of 8.000 c ubic fee t of gas. are driven off. ami the entire product yielded annually in the United States by the coking of coal, allowing one-half to be consumed in the coking process, is upward of sixty billions of cubic feet, or hut little less than one-founh of the natur.il gas prodoctiou at t!;, height of its most Bourishiag pt rlod. The by-product oven tar is superior to the tar which comes from the ; works it contains less pitch the yield for each ton of cuke varying from forty to 100 pounds, according to the amount of volatile matter contained In the coal.- Cassier's Magazine. Sn. til i.ii-uinpt ion in Parts. The monthly consnmption of snails in Paris is estimated by the million, and there are ion restaurants, md le?!st 3,0M private tables, where they are accepted as a delicacy by their epicurean consume;

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A LAKE OF WINE. Big IfMTNlf Recently (unit rut 1 In Call fornia. It recently took two powerful steam pumps a week to nil the largest wine reservoir in the world. I'roperly speaking, says the New York Herald, it is a lake a lak' of red wine ItM feel long, :!4 feet wide and 24 vet deep. ! course, it is in California, that itatc of big things, that this wonder is to 1m seen- down at Astl by the Rnssian River Valley, and the lake itself is the blending of the Jttices of grapes from ;i thousand vine- As a system of Mending wine ii i.s In this respeti a.- much a wonder as in point of quantity and place of keeping. I is another proof also that necessity is the mother of invention, for if 1; had not q that the colonists could flnd no way to dispute of their wine in ;i profitable manner, owing to i- abundance, it is probable the lake would never have been created and another wonder thus lost 10 the world. Th tun of Heidelberg, which tin- la.-t genera t ion, and even some of the present, learned to think of with wonder. ,Mt a child beside a fullgrown man when compared 10 this California creation. One eould go boating in thi lake very comfortably, although it would 1).- but a short ride. A st. am launch would tind room enoucji to s'cy:,, j.a,. k aRM or; j, Jin, possibly turn ground. This is how the tank was really built: First, an excavation was nude in the rocky hillside. Next a wall of concrete two feet in thickness was put in the tloor and sides. Then came the laying ami glazing of the cement. This tras not all. Had the u,ke been left open at the top Impurities, must have found heir way into it, not to mention the deluge that comes in what California knows as the rainy season. All around the sides

big steel girders were put in place, and ! on these rests the sectional cover of the lake. This is .so constructed that not a ray of light .an penetrate into this vast quantity of win.-, am! it mellows and ripens just as if it were in the most deep down vault that can he found anywhere. BAD ROADS ARE COSTLIEST. iooJ ,1 WeU-Kep Hta;ya P, the fmrmn tin- Beat. Philadelphia Inquirer: When once the fact gets firmly established in the minds of the farmers of the United States that it is more expensive to maintain bau roads than to make and keep in condition good roads they will take active Interest in the question and an era of road building will begin which will add to their wealth, prosperity and comfort, and benefit the country at large as much as has the laying of railroad tracks and the advance of the steam locomotive. Let those engaged in agriculture study such figures as those recently issued by New York, wherein he shows that it costs half as much to haul produce three miles by wagon as it costs to haul i; 5M mils on the railroad. The supervisor tigure.s out that with a system of good macadam roads the farmers would save an amount each year equal to the interest on from $10 to $30 an acre, according to the crop raise!, and would increase the value of their land cither to sell or hold by a like amount. SHE WAS THE PRETTIEST. A popular I fering prise child under 4 tition for the ami 11 yean and was won Dublin. She cratic and lov rish journal has been oflateiy for the prettiest years. A second compeprettiest girl between 4 as just neen unisneu. by Sylvia M. Sheridan of has a singularly aristoelv face, and jrives nromise of being a beauty when she is a . Aft ,'., 14 V I Wl SYLVIA M. SHERIDAN. yoong lady, la spite of the fact that moot pretty girls grow up into homely women. Movntela lut storms. Mr. Pitsgerald, who led an expedition to th indes in order to nib the :i)rti..si mcnntala in America, Mount Aconcagua, describee the peculiar effect of the wind on the upier part of the great peak, whit h he ascended in Ja&nary, 1 s.7. The rock is soft and rotten, and immense clouds of tins- rise from it. at times comi letely obi 1 rating the sky. Itain never j f ills on the mountain, and the wafer tarried up by the climbers for drink ag put pose: w;is frosen, and hud to I 1 . A, J I. A I IT . . mav. eii I ! WBVB Winnen, iti wo hours were sometimes expanded in S ; iti Are to burn. I.:immt Wiilfi. It is not generally known that lavender water la one of the pleasaatest of dllinfectanta It is said that, sprayed through the rooms of a house situated ,ln malarial district, it forms a very r fie ton 1 protection against the disease.

IX TBOlULEb WATERS

YACHTING IN SOUTHERN AMERICAN SEAS. Delightful Krtrrat tor the Harried und Harried i-ni r rh North In himI About the VTrsl tii.ti.- -AaU Heal. -tiftil . i iics. Cuba, the name of which may hpreafter awaken In the hear: of the poet or historian only melancholy echoes, is surrounded by a miniature world, where the busy brain of the hustling nonh may luxuriate in the perfecl rest Of easy, careless existence undisturbed by the sound of w:;r or echoes of the fatal rebellion. How can the nis:ht wanderer, fresh from the whirr of the trolley and the elbowing crowd under the glare of eleftric lamps, appreciate the whiteness of the southern moonlight where the breath of orange and jasmine hangs in layers between the quaint old houses? The eye. trained to sad-colored streets and brick walls, fails to appre late the delicate tinting of these water-colored towns of the Spanish Main and British Antilles Nassau, Jamaica. Martinique, Dominica, and others. Nassau has color charms unequaled by any of the famous Mediterranean cities. The old, stucco covered houses and walls are washed with the paiesf ;tnd most delicate oranges, reds, greens, bines, yellows, and grays, which, with the dazzling whit roads and green latticed balconies, blend delightfully under the mellowing of the flashing sea. Feverish history has woven its romance and memories around every part of .he island. The cruel Spaniard, who carried off the natives to death in the mines of New Spain, has left his dungeons in the foundations of Fort Charlotte. Next came the English rover, half scltler. half slaver, but Wholly practical. For half a century the jolly rover flew at the masthead of many a trim rover in the harbor. French and Vane, and a host of other gentlemen of fortune, found a snug harbor and a hearty welcome at Nassau. The old houses have often been filled with the bewhiskered villains, and many a Spanish doubloon has been exchanged within these valls for nights of roystering and fiety rum. With (he downfall of piracy the island became a 9tWir mu äh ne SOME PICTURES PROM Royal British colony, and the building Of comfortable homes and solid walls W nt bravely on. And during our late war Nassau became the headquarters of sou t hern blockade runners. Today bleaching Wrecks and BOldering repair shops testify when twenty dollar gold pieces were as pebbles in the streets and champagne was the national beverage. When European discoverers first reached the Antilles, they found all the islands covered with deep forests, whose enormous timbers were bound together by an infinite variety of parasitical plants peculiar to the tropics, forming gloomy bowers and impenetrable masses of the deepest shade. The annual fall of leaves in these virgin woods, their decomposition and the natural destruction of the. ponderous trunks which bore them, withered by gge or felled by lightning, rendered the earth : hey covered extremely rich, and forced I prodigious vegetation in those plants which arose as substitute:; for the fallen. The trees springing from cliffs or summits of j mountains, were, for the most part, of the hardest texture: while the valleys, ' fertilized at the expense of the mountains, were filled With timbers of a softer nature: beneath these grew those succulent plants which the earth liberally produced to supply the wants of man. Among them the Caribbean cabbage, the sweet potato and the Igname are Indigenous growths. It is an Inexhaustible pleasure to the traveler from the north ; tudy the vegetation cd these southern clime-:. Nothing is more striking, in ery dry s aBons. than the contrast between the parched and arid lev. lands and the ver- j dant, woody, and crass-grown hills i

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The most picturesque of the Windward islands is indisputably Martinique, a colony of France. Although the population is made up almost entirely of negroes, the language spoken is French, and one is ofttime- in need of an Interpreter. Imagine a town at its bight, picturesque in houses of stone covere.: with earthern tiles, with narrow streets, narrow sidewalks, both of which are covered with people, a medley assemblage of every hue - such is the town of St. Pierre. The colored creoles. rhe women who frequent the streets and market places, are attired in quaint and curious long dresses, gathered up under the shoulder blades, and wuh waist bands drawn tightly just under the arm. If the dresses are gay the turbans ar gorgeous, and sometimes covered with jerveln. Through every street runs a gutter of water fresh from the hills, and if the traveler lands in the morning, near the break of day. he will find these gutters alive with people. He will meet, perhaps, a baby disporting in the water, and kept from being hurried off in the flood by maternal hands; then a pet poodle being soothed in the narrow gutter. The streams being fed from mountain lakes, cleanliness in dress and habitation, even mong the lower classes, is everywhere conspicuous. The town possesses a fine cathedral, a theater, museum and a park with shaded promenades, where a military band enlivens the Sunday afternoons. From the hill, which forms the background of St. Pierre, one may gaze upon striking panoramas on hill overlapping or overtopping hill, stretching into the dim distance, or aspiring to the celestial canopy on sugar estates far down in the plains, looking like gardens: and on a handsome statue away to the right, the st;itue of Josephine, wife of Napoleon, for that Illustrious personage was born in this little town. It is but a short cruise from Martinique to St. Kitts, yet upon arriving there we meet with an entirely different class of people the island i.s an English colony. Passe Terre, the seaport, lies in a fertile valley between a group of high mountains on the north and barren hills on the south. Mount Misery, 4. tub feet high, is an extinct volcano, with a great variety of tropical fruits covering its slope: immediately beneath the cone is the crater with a smoking sulphur deposit.

1 .tiveo -" THE WEST INDIES. On the Carribbean side ()r the island, ten miles from the seaport, is Brimstone Hill, which is so strongly fortified ag to have received and merited, in former times, the nasse of "Gibraltar f ihe West Indies.' The hill is now abandoned and in the possession of monkeys; and a monkey hunt is one of the crowning attractions of the island. Wending one':- way along the Blanonj roads, union? and around the ever-varying hills, and the cottages and villages of the peasantry; gazing upon the precipitous roadside descents, on the one hand, and noon the successive elevations on the other the ample valleys and confluent dreams one may contemplate the loves of the clouds and the mountains, and the abundant progeny of rains, rills, and rivers: one may expatiate, with fancy and feeling, upon the aspects of a land ennobled by freedom and consecrated by religion. Intensifying all the pleas urea Of the islands ..f this semi-tropic world is the rare tonic of the sea air and the clear, nhundanl sunshine. It has been suggested that as a great orchestra carries us with th theme of the opera up and beyond the mere words and actions on the stage, so does sea air and (dear vitalizing RUnlight lift us to an ecstasy Of existence that makes the living scenery and pleasurable companionship but mere accessories. The island of .Jamaica Is becoming more popular each year with a large portion of American tourists. The opening of the .Jamaica railway has mads traveling on the island easier. The railway, built under the SUspices of the colonial government, operates about seventy miles of road; it has re-

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cently been taken under American management, and has been rapidly extended by this enterprise across the island in two directions, to Mont ego Pay on the northwest and Port Antonio on the northwest. Port Royal, situated at the extreme end of a narrow s-trip of land, facing the entire front of the harbor of Kingston and acting as a breakwater, i.s the most melancholy looking town in the Antilles. Prior to the great earthquake. Port Roal was , the finest town in the West Indies and at that time the richest spot in the universe.,, It v.ns the headquarters of the buccaneers and as such the emporium a. id mart of al) 'heir iU-gotten wealth.

INSANITY AND MURDER. 1Ijm F;ir Should the Plea of Pegeiicrjtcjr iW C'arrlei-.' It may well be that a man who could not be called insane, but merely, say, an ordinary member of the criminal classes, with strong passions and feeble intellect, would. In the presence of an opportunity long expected and hoped for, the consequences of which his thoughts had frequently rehearsed, be really for the moment incapable of restraining bis hand, says the London Hospital. We should hang him, neverthelees, without the slightest scruple; and we should waste no compassion upon the absence of self-control. It is, in fact, impossible to frame a definition of irresponsibility based upon absence of self-control without including all t-orts of crimes which at present are punished by the law. For years Lack there has been a sort of feud between the lawyers and the alienists on the subject, so that even the textbooks speak of legal insanity and medical insanity as distinct. To tnke extreme cases, jurists have contended that no degree of insanit should exempt from punishment fot crime unless it has reached such a point that the person is utterly unconscious of The difference between right and wrong at the time of committing the offense, while medical men have very generally held to the opinion that this is not a proper criterion, that many of the insane are fully conscious of the difference between right and wrong, and that to enforce such a test means the hanging of many a lunatic. There can be no doubt that of late years the medical view has met with a wider acceptance than it used to do, and that ever, lawyers have shown an increasing readiness to admit the doctrine of irresponsibility. But it is a very anxious question, especially in view of rccest dogmas as to degeneracy how far this doctrine i3 to be allowed to go. The condition of affairs is much more serious than some peo pie think, and it is highly necessary that those who administer the crimina' law should be on their guard against any insidious establishment of immunity for the violation of its most sacred principles. In any case of murder, the presumption in favor of hanging should he so strong as to le:ve very slender pros... et of escape for any man who. prior to the commission of the crime, had been thought fit to be at larce. If this condition cannot be secured, it will become a matter of grave necessity to take prompt steps for the incarceration of many persons of evil passions who are now at liberty, and to render the utterance of threats a matter to be dealt with by the alien: jt as well as by the magistrate. I efml X Kiit. It is very satisfactory and interesting to know that the Roentgen rays, which at first promised to be only nine days' wonder, are doing such splendid work in the hands of the surgeons. Every big hospital has now its long roll of cases in which the surgeons have been guided in their work by the revelations of the X-ray tube; and now. from the distant Indian fron tier, we hear how the wounded are receiving benefit from this method of diagnosis. In one instance a Sepoy hail been struck by a bullet, which made I flesh wound across his chest. ! and apparently bad found exit at his arm. The case was not an extraordinary one. hut the surgeon was puzzled by the Inflammatory symptoms which manifested themselves, and for which there was no apparent cause. Recourse was had to the Roentgen apparatus, which at once showed thst some aliadow-castlng foreign bodier were lodged in the man's ( best. Operation show, il that these were pieces of lead, the remains of a bullet which seems to have broken up after impact with the bones. Bwfe Woruim These carious little marauders, who inhabit old. una.-' d bool B, are attracted by the paste Is the binding, which is made of a dark brown wheat flour. Here these crawling nuisances find a rich pasture; but they show SS apparent choice for colors, having a decided preference for dark-colored paper, while light yellow paper almost always escapes. The yellow paper is probably colored With Chromate of lead. One of the papers that always escapes is light green arsenical paper. So it appears that these insects may be triumphed over by careful selection of the pape- used In books Perfectly 'tr. When a girl falls in love with a man she didn't Intend to fall in love with, she generally finds she has fallen in love with a man who did intend she should fall In love with him. New fork Press. Salt in mi Swi 1 eale The polar currents contain lesa salt thnn those from tho equator.

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FOR BARGAINS IN

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rnn D FOR SALE OR TRADE. No 1 80 acres in Center township, 3 milas south of Plymouth. 70 sores im proved, 5 room house, barn 20x40, wagoa hed and corn cribs, a good orchard of all kinds of fraita; price $37.50. No 2 SO acres in West township, 8 miles west of Plymouth. 70 acres improved, balance in timber. House 11 nearly new, with 7 rooms, outside cellar, 'air barn, two good orchards, all kinds )f fruit Will trade for good residence property in Plymouth. No 3 G2 sores in West township, i miles from Plymouth. 52 acres iu cultiratioD, balance in timber, a good house uk! barn, a fins orchard, black walnut and; price $2,C00. No 4120 acres 5 miles west of Argos acrea improved, good house with 7 rooms, baru 22x50, other out building! i ad good orchard; will trade for smaller farm and give long time on difference. No 5 11(3 aores '6 miles from Dor -aldson. 79 acree improved, balance iu meadow sod timber, fair bouse and a Zood barn, with o.hdr out buildings; will sell for $21. 50 per acre or trade for city property. N06 100 acres 7 milea west of Plymouth. 85 seres in cultivation, balance in timber, 1 mile from Donaldson; will ell cheap or trade for bn&iness property No 7 80 acres 4? 2 miles west of Plysouth. 70 seres in cult ivation, balance iu timber, good houpe and barn, good orchard and wind mill; will trade for 40 acres or town property; price $40 per acre. Nc 8 -100 acres 8 miles from Plymouth with tics improvements, fruits of all kinds, heavy timbar land; will sell cheap if sold boon. Anyone wanting a farm ?heap can get Hb? calling at once. Nc9 A $4,000 stock of general mershandise in a village near Plymouth, doing a good baeineso; will trade for &c improved farm. No. 10 A fine farm of 135 acres mile from Douelaon, Ind. 70 miles fn ra P'y month, with tine large house, two bag barns and all other outbuildings needed on a farm, with a big orchard of all kindc of fr nts, wind mil!, stone milk house, etc. tofce'her with horses, cattle, hogs, poultry iiupiemeute and grain. Will pell cheap (51500 cash, ba'nn e on time to suit purchaser or will trade for Chicago improved property. No. LI SO acres on Michigan road be tween Plymouth and Argos. Well impr.;Vfd. Will seil cheap or tn.de fot lo.vu property. No. 12 (30 acres In West township near D.jQfdaoD, wuh good impravem-nta. Wdl seil on terms to 6Uit buyer. Cheas. No. 13 80 acrea in Polk townahip near ftohool house, with good improvements. Wood and. Will trade for 120 scn-s and py cash difference. Must be within 3 or 4xiles of Plymouth. No, 14 -217' acres near ligo m wet ; wi s up. A good two-story boosej good l)'ru and other outbuildings. Will trade for smaller farm or town propertj-. No. 15 I bate a new house on West G.rro street, nes barn, a corner lot; will Bf 11 cheap and on monthly payments. No. 16 L use sn two lots on Walnut ttreet near c nrt bemse and school. For ale ut a bargain if taken soon. No. A fine house nar the new school bnddina on rontn aide of river. Will trade for 40, 00 or 80 nor furm and as pume incumbrance from $1,000 to $1.500 No is your obasce, It you want to buv a farm, trade for a farm, sell a farm, or buy or sell town property, I can suit you, having property of all kinds in any part of town, or anywhere in or o it of the state. We will try to suit you if given a chance. Yours for business, S H. JOSEPH.

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