Marshall County Democrat, Volume 2, Number 8, Plymouth, Marshall County, 1 January 1857 — Page 1

i MARSI THE BLESSINGS OF GOVERNMENT, LIKE THE DEWS OF HEAVEN, ?HOULO FALL ALIKE UPON THE RICH AND THE POOR. JACKS O N. vol.. a. I 8.) PIA HOI TIS, Till It KD AY, JANUARY 1, 1857. (WHOLE NO. 0.

lALL

COUNTY

DEMOCRAT

I ft. 1

Itsittsa IHvcctom.

THE MARSHALL DEMOCRAT. nTBUSHLO EVERY THURSDAY MORNING, BY A. C. THOMPSON I P. MeBONALD TERMS: If paid in advance At the end of aix moult delaved until the end c .

. .1 50 ..-2 in . .3 50 1 00 25 5 00 B 91 .13 . B M M .35 00 .1 1 M .24 00 .45 00

dV, ADVERT SING: One square (ten lines or less,) three weeks,. Each additional insertion, i Column three months, Column six months, li Column one year, ..." Column three months, 1 Column six month", I Column one ve:ir Yearly advertisers have the privilege of one change free of charge. " x -j t (Lilt XltlUOCVilt 00 (lttlCC KIJIE S , AND AND ' ilnllRnA LUUUUltu,, Ell. TYPE CUTS, Our Job Department is now supplied with an extonaivA anH wpll fpleetetl assortincn. ' new Styles VK nlnln an1 fnnpv t , , ' . Wl: it'll rnili4 il , rxecute, cn short rrtice and reasonable terms, ftUkiads of Plain and Oniainen- j ti J P It I jV T I ! NEAT "AST AND CHEAP; , sreu ciRccxaas, HANBBILLJ, I.ABKLS, i nimwiiB. And in short, MBaka ef every variety and descnp-1 tion. Call and see sneciraen". j RSH u l c o U NT V n E PI r.LH" X, I bv 1. Mattincly Plymouth, lad. BROWXJ.EE k SHIRLEY. DEALERS IN Drrt;ooU5 and Groceries, first ioor off" BROWtfLEE k SIIIRLEi. DLALKR IN EH-vV'hkI.-and Groceries, Krst door c.ist of M ,i,;n.tt P.r, . 1::!. .ROOK k EVANS DEALEP8 IN DRY T H OGIEBEE k Co., Jvi. Ir.i l. - . . Drr Goods & Gi-oceri.-.-, V--'-a 're Mich-, igan street, - Tt .l T. I l ui I MIS. DUNHAM, MILLINER ft MAN in A M.'.ker Plymouth, Ind.

J Goods and Groceries, corner Hiimfian ami j g ,-.,!,( ailJ Jandingnear Littleton's Island, narrow line of green stone caps them with abeam of ttie brig. liiere was tut a small U Porte street, rc' ,tt'L deposited a boat with a supply of stores, ' natural bttt-emen s. At one place rose the store of vegetables. ThejiickleJ cabbage, C PALMER, DEALER IN OR GOODS i 1 o securing a retreat, in case of dreamy semblance to a castle, flanked with dried apples and pearlies had lost much of . Groceries, south cjrncr La Porte and Mica- b - , , 1 , . j 1 , , iran ,treets PUmoLth, Ind. disaster. j triple towers, completely iaoktd and de-1 their a. iti-scorbu.i': virtue W; constant use.

1'M BROWNJtKALER ia H RDW RW in p-cading the American Flag, hailed reared iself fn.m a crumbled base of sand-: the Doctor from the branches of the crawl.Stove?, Tinware, kc, Plymout'.i, lad j its folds with three cheers as they expand- ( stones, like the boldly chisled ramparts of ing willow, of which a stock had been laid

R D M Y I NN EDGE, WHOLESALE ' A and Retail Grocer,. .Ftrmoath, Ind. w ax L. PIATT, MANUFACTURER OF Cabinet Ware Plymouth, ln.1. M W. SMITiL JUSTICE OF TilE PFACL, , ELLIOTT h C., MAMJr AI n KKKa UJ W irons, Carriages i Plows, Plymouth, In 1. Auim a wirnATA äf ANUF CTURers of dash kc Plymouth, Ind. OHN a ARM3TR0NG, BLACKSMITH, outhof the Bridge Plymouth, Ind. i l B ENJ. RENTS, BLACKSMITH, 4 K. BRIGGSiHLACKSMir, . -- r mill Ti i ' ' E DWARDS- Bi TEL, BY W.C. EDWARDS, pw.uth ln,i ' '

- Atwwxr ,-ADME,v . fönv almost impossible. The pemmiean could r" oi the wilderness, will apprehend the share his taste, and he thus had the freC. CAPRON, AIIOKNLi 11 -v . , , , k. juj i-J . . r m

A selor at Law.. .Plymouth, In 1. C HAS. H. REEVE, ATTORNEY AT LAW k Notarr Public, Plymouth. In-l. GRACE CORBIN, ATTORNEY AT LAW H 1 TLll ! JOHN G. OSBORNE, ATTORNEY AND ÄiÄT' ! 1 --m-rrz r I TRAZER & Hl'GI'S ATTORNEYS AND r1 Counsellors ai E nr, Plvraout!.. Ind. v Counsellor :u Law, Plymouth, Ind. AML. B.'cORBALEY, NOTARY PUBLIC s "ymo,Ml' 1Ild: j R. J. E. BROOKE, PHYSICIAN Ä SUR-, leon' PiymouhPiL p T GEo A Dw'. FHY?ullh, lud I I.IT RRflW PHYSICIAN Jk PI'RGEON, Plymouth, Ind. S . GEON,. 1 Plymouth, ir.d. VJIl.- Jl. .MlLi.tl.liiiJ., ...... .. . . and Jeweler PlymOOth, Ind. : I K LINGER &BRO. DEALERS IN l.L.uut.K etc, Plymouth, Ind. E NRY PIERCE, DEALER IN CLO-1 H thing & Furni-liins Goods, Plymouth, Ind. I AUSTIN FULLER, MANUFACTURER And dealer in Flour Plymouth, Ind. TJENRY M. LOGAN & Co., DE LERS IN i X J. Luuoer, c ..Plja iaaa B ARBERING AND H A IRDR ESSLNG, BY j Alfred Bi'lows, Plymcuth, lud. C LEAVELAND k HEWETT, DUALERS in Dry Good., etc., Flvraoudi, hid. H. CASE, JUSTICE OF 1 HE PL AC '5, Plymonth, Ird. CALOON. BY S. EDWARDS. O Plymouth, fnd. pVR. J. I. YIN ALL, HOMEOPATHIST, m-2Z "wre "himiuui, inn. T KUME, HARNESS MAKER, w m at um, jiiu W w?DShoe?.AHnT I . ' ! AC, STALEY, MANUFACTURER AND! . dealer in Bopts k Shoes, PI; mouth, lad. j s ALOON, BY A. P- GILBERT. PCKiMS Over Thompson's Grocery,. Plymouth, Ind.

DR. KANE'S ARCTIC EXPLORATIONS

The following ample synopsis of Doctor Kane's Arctic Explorations, is from the review of that work by the N. Y. Tribune. Those that wish to read the book in full, can get it any of our booksellers: 'The specific features of Dr. Kane's plan of research consisted in making Greenland the basis of operations, assuming, from the analogies of geopraphical structure, that Greenland was to be regarded as a pe ninsula approaching he vicinity of ihe Pole

: rather than as a congeries of Islands con-1 eel was brought into a sheltered harbor be-i.e.-ted by interior glaciers. On this hy-j tween the islands of the bay, in which she polhesis the course was to pass up Baffin's! had been lying for some time, and.aU hands Bay to the most northern attainable point, prepared for winter quarters. Of their

nartv The expedition which sailed in the' Advance, consisted of seventeen men bo-: . aide the commander. The equipment was 1 simple. A quantity of rough boards to ; serve for housing the vessel ia winter, some 1 -r il A. A I 1 .11 . inci ia niDoer icnis, anu se ei m nuun gJedges, built on a convenient model, com-pletino-the out-fit. For provisions, they 1 took a liberal supply of pemmiean, a par- j c" of Borden's buscuit, some packages of j P . prepared potato, a store of dried fruits and i vegetables, pickled cabbage, the salt bee ; and pork of the Navy ration, hard buscuit and flcmr. A moderate supply of liquors made up the bill of fare, although the party ; were pledged to total abstinence from ; l were pi .1.U nrtie unless disnensed bv sneeial I - ' ' order Leaving New York on the 30th day of Miy. 1 253. the Advance arrived at the j harbor of Fiskernaes on the first of July.

! They proceeded gradually along the coast, I took placeon the 27th. lie reached tho was decided should go on as they had berAMrm.rrs, until, on the 27th of Jul v, they reared the j Great Glacier in safety. The coast of fore. In the ma tafia 1 arrangements, many uurancxxM ! entrance to Melville Bay. Here they en- j Greenland in the vicinty is of a highly pic-! useful hints were borrowed from the Esocaaaaaa; aoauitarad their first serious obstruction turesuue cha.acter. The red sandstones quimaux. The briur was thoroughly lined

SM promptly d-cided ti. i t() attempt a passage through the bay by a ; nevr track, and af.er a rough transit cf eight davs, the wisdom of the plan was confirm- ' javfl t10 xvidom of the pi: J 1 by its suecoss I s . . In less than a week they entered Smith s f 1 . . , 1 . J-. n An a lt,I.i..-.'. Iff. , . . t I vu mc amwiii ciiii; ui ijiiiiu'ii o o- j anA thev erected a cairn, which miht serve as a beacon to anv follow mcr nartv. ' lA ' O L - j Ol woov.j a stnr jrilo ,jie crevieesof the rock 1 ... cd in the cold mid-night breeze. They Im mediately r--uir.ed their coarse, besting toward the north against wind and tide, . goon reions of th.ick -! ribbed ice, where they were compelled to moor the v.s-cl to the rocks. ; Among the petty miseries, which now j 'hey beo;ar. to suffer, was a pack of some ack of some fifty dogs, which formed a very inconveni-: ent appendage to the traveling paity. anim.3 were as voracious as wolves. : I It was no very easy matter to supply such , a hungry family with food. 1 hev devoured a couple of bears in eiht days. Two - pounds of raw flesh every other day was a scanty allowance; but to procure this was not be e spared corn meal or beans they d not touch and salt juuk would have killed them The timely discovery of a deaxl narwlial or uniccrn, proved an excelrelief, affording 9ix hundred pounds of good whok-some flesh, though of rather un- - savory odor. ' ! Tint o emi .no i.ti ., k. I rrv mytmm .io hl tmm n . w vessel bad been released from her moorings , and had fought her way through the ice for several days, when the sky gave tokens of an approaching storm. On the 2Jta of August, the teirpest came on with unmis-' h-k:ible Arctic fl,,''- B-v lhe 22nd of Au" aust. thev had rpchAd tho latifndA of 7ft 3 J ,. uisiance greater man naa Deen oda t j a .1 i i v i tained hy any previous explorer, excent l'erry, in Iiis BpiUtWgen foot tiamp' .vuoui ini urae, some oi me party began . j, r i J mpioms oi uwoonieni The HImd advanceof winter. th dftnrivnii.ina .f r , r rest, and the slow progress of the expedition tended to P depression. One person volunteered an opinion 10 favor of returning to the south, and giving Up the attempt to winter. It was no time for half way measures Dr. Kane at once called a council of his officers, and listened to their views in full. With but a sincrle eTc.mti , . - , inev qeiareu tneir conviction mat a rurtner progress to the north would be impossi ble, and urged the propriety of returning southward to wintest The commander entertained the opposite view. Explaining the importance of securing a position which migl expedite future sledge journeys, he announca ins intention oi warping toward the northern headland of the bay. Once I A I - 1 I J J A .JJL.Äa-ÄiAJ- - . , m i vnere ne couiu ueiermm tue ue.b po.m ,or tl,e P6008 of the ßP"nr' would Put! the brijinto the neatest possible shelter. 6 , i fu a m. "is comrades received the decision with cheerful acqutescence anuzealottsly entered upon the'perilous duties which it involved.

During the process, the gallant little vessel ran aground and in the night had a narrow escape from fire. A sudden lurch

tumbled the men out of their berths, and j threw down ihe cabin stove with a full charge of glowing anthracite. The deck blazed up violently, but by the sacrifice of a heavy pilot-cloth coat, the fire ws smothered until water could be passed down to extinguish it. The powder was not far off. A few moments more might have brought the expedition to sudden close. About the 10th of September, the vosToward the end of April, the arrange - . . . . I ments lor a journey ot exploration were j - completed and leaving the brig in charge ! of a trustworthy detachment, four able-bod-ied and six disabled men, the commander, nritl, trntmrk -.lin.o an v,i r. n . ... .w. pc i u uwjsio, etc uk a nui uiti the ice. His plan was to follow tho icebelt of the Great (iJacier of Humboldt, and and trom that point to stretch along the , tace of the glacier to the north-west, and! .i .. I make an attempt to cross the to cross the ice on the ' American side. Thft Rtoi-ps of t.h nnrir : consisted of pemmiean, bread and tea, a canvass tent five by six feet, and two sleeping bags of reindeer skin. The sledge was light, built of hick ry, and but nine feet Ion sr. A soup ket..e, for mcltincr snow and - .....I making tea, was arrange, to burn with either lard or spirits. A subdivision of the j party with another sledge, started two days before the departure of Dr. Kane, which 1 present an impressive contrast with the - . 1 blank whiteness, associating the cold tints ' of the dreary Arctic landscape with the ' warm coloring of more southern climes. The diderent lavers of tho cliff Iimm tk. I m a . a . appearance ot ji-mted masonry, and the , ii 1 f y . 1 t XT' - .1 I 1 MM M L lM III" l MhT fflVO M'li nl tvtl " , i" ' "'- ot the ' J hrec Brother lowers. A still more striking obiect was a sinirle Cii3 of green stone, nortli of 79 degrees,, which , . , . . a" ancient city. On one extremiy stands a solitary column or minaret tower, si sharply finished as if it had been cast for the Place Vei dome. The length of the shaft alone is four hundred and eighty feet ana it rises on a pli: plinth or pedestal itself two hundred and eighty feet high. "I remcmoer wen, says nr. Ivane, "Hie emo - - Incmber well, says Dr. Kane, "ihe em lio,ls of mY Vavty as il first broke upon our vww- Cold and sick as I was, I brought! bacli a sketch cf it, which may have inter-! .a . . Cö" me uer, though it scarcely suggests the imPosin5 dignity of this magnificent III 1 rm . . -niark'. l hose v. no are happily familiar with the vritings of Tennyson, and have communed with his spirit in the soliinipulse that inscribed the scene with his name-" description can do justice to me ureal "lacier itselt. tttsing in glassy S0'iJ threQ hundred feet above the, " wa-, with an unknown, unalhomable dPth b curved face ? in length from Cape Agassiz to Cape Forbes, vanisliinf into unknown snnce I '.M . .... I a o t lU not ra0i inan a single days railroaO trav'1 u,,n the 1ole- T1;e interior wkh wn,cl1 11 communicated, and from which it j issued, was an unsurveyed sea of ice, ap - pni-eutly of boundless dimensions. i The joumey. however, .failed of success in forcing a passage to north. On the . i . - sixtn day the party were attacked bv scurvv. from which thev had snff..r.J tnriiKU - j the winter. Two of the number were takes with snow blindness, and one was con- ; domiiod as Uttorlv Unfit tO travel. Tri crown their discomfiture, they funnel that the bears had got at their pemmiean casks, and thus destroyed their chances of recruiting their supply of provisions at the several catches. Dr. Kane himself was seized with severe illness: his limbs became ri-id. and certain tetanoid symptoms made their appearance. In this condition ho was unable to make more than nine miles a day. He o '

was strapped upon a sledge and the march it had fairly commenced, the parly succeecontinued; but he was soon so much re-: ded in reaching an old hut which had been a ..11 mm

dtieedastonna the moderate temperature of fcr, ttgntu beiow mm, .n.oler.We Hi. left f.,ot was froaen up to tho ankle Joint, jand the same night it became evident that the difficulty in his limbs was caused by dropsical ettusion. I came delirious, and The nCTt HaT ha h. - 2 7 icu. t-u i.euexer ne 1 . a 1 f . 1 a . .1 1 1 11 was rnnen irom me tent to tne sledge. .y - a. m A I ery man in the party was so far gone as to

make the continuance of the journey im- The only indication of the state of the ! carve out thevfuture from the opportunipossiblo. Scaicelyable to travel, they weatWajaetlie Rind parents and bore their commander back to tho brig, the rcof of the hut. The time -was divided friends have afforded them rare onportuni-

which they reached by frced marches on

the fourteenth. Dr. Kane was entirely .

prostrated ior about a week. Ihe hrst business after his convalescence, was to ar- j range new parties for exploration. They

returned in safety, with ample experience j of a fox to give zest to their buscuit spread . their professors, in all that relates to the j Connecticut was so called from the Inof the perils of Arctic discovery. with frozen tallow It was two days before good interest and success of the institution dian name of its principal rffer. ConnecPasaiog over the remainder of the sum- J they were released from their narrow pris- then, they might be assured, they would tjcut iy Mocbeskanaeew word, signifying mcr without any further extracts from the i on, reckoning the time by the increased al-1 have cause to repent of their folly through j y jj. wag g0 ca0(j jD QQ4t n ref. interesting narrative, we find the little par- titude of the moon. Upon attempting to; long hours of sorrow in after life; for they erenCÖ to the Duke of York and Albany, ty prepared to encounter the terrors of a esunie their journey they found it impos-! could never retrieve the past. Mr. Buch- to whom this territory was granted by t. e second winter in that dVeary region. The ; sible to work through the piles of snow. ! anan said he had been a college boy him- Kijgoi iMgiana. brig was fast in the l:e and every effort to : Sledge, dogs, and drivers, were buried in ( self, and none of the best boyseither, being ; . WS S $ " t ... , , . , , . i , , the Island of Jersev on the coast of t ranee, liberate her proved .unsuccessful. At 0m the attempt. The two travelers harnessed : fond of fun, like themselves. There were tj,e residDCe of the familr of Sir George crisis Dr. Kane called all hands together, Uiemselves to the sledge, and 'lifted, lev-1 many little eccentricities in the life of a col- Carteret, to whom the territory was granand explained to them the reasons which I ered, twisted, and pulled,' but all in vain. ' lege student that might be pardoned or tod. had decided him not to forsake the brig. They were compelled to giva it up, and overlooked: but there was one habit which, Pennsylvania was called m 1G81, after Ho left it to the choice of each man, how- return to the wretched hut. Taking the) if formed at college or in early youth, n, . . A . rMm . . , , ' 3 Delaware was so caned in 1 UJ, Irom ever, to ittempt to escape to open water, or back track, they reached the brig next , would cling to them through after life, and Delaware Bay on which v lies and which

to stand by the fortunes of the expedition, Eight of the seventeen survivors of the party resolved to remain with their comi ..i . . 1 in. j . l I manuei , tne omers were imeu out witu ev-1 a .a. ill i i i ! ery appliance that could be furnished, and ; departed on their almost desperate enterprise. They carried with them very asfillmnpM if "l hvothfp'ft Wlcono llll!ll(l w......v. -. v ... . .. , they be driven back; but it wa& rot till after many weary months ol trial and hard-1 snip mat tney v-ere seen again. The arrangement of the winter quitters ?. j .i . i i . now occupieu tne wnoje ar.enrion oi ir.e nrtin hand. Dr. Kane determined to adhare :! to the routine of observances which, had made up the sum of their daily life. No accustomed torm was tobe surrendered. The importan2C of systematic employment was fully appreciated. The distribution and details of dutv, the religious exercises, 3 the ceremonies of the table, the ii.es, the lights, even the labors of the i -bservatory, and the notation of the tides and the sky, it and padded with tuif and mess. A pile of barrels on the ice contained their supply of water-soaked beef and pork. Flour, beens and dried apples formed a qnadlailgfctar hUwtlr.l. Th -boat a and imm mM. 11 age wfre placed along an venu? opemn tia. ! . 11 ti- . 1 I 11 0 CTiIi'Ot UitVO !l I 1 f ii .1 O !fil lltl.f i vj jj - j wm-m . t, ; mamed but a few small bottles of horse-ra-dish to season the sta:i !in:r fare of beef and pork. A kind of root-beer was brewed by i r. - in some weeks before. The gun procured th.em an cccasi-enal supply of fresh meat Bear's flesh was a favorite dish, but tiavK ver cf the animal proved poisonous. A less noxious article of food was the rat. A perfect warret: of this tribe v.a on board the brig. They had become impudent and tierce with their tnciease of numbers. Nothing could be saved from their fowfc ty. Furs, woolens, shoes, specimens of natural history were gnawed into and destroyed. They harbored among tin? men's bedding in the forecastle, and at last be1 . came intolerable nuisances. Dr. kane took his revenge by decimating them for his private table. His oompauiflAS did not i quent advantage of a fresh moat soup. To inviting fare he asc: ibes his comparative freedom from scurvy. The want of fuel before the close of winter compeneJ thom to relr upon their lamps for heat pork.fat, boiled tOlesscn Vs salt waB tpe substUt0 for oi; and oy the use ' .e .n:.. u . . . ,. i. oi ineuiiuc ie eroetiitiois, u &iutji- y, ich waH sufficient to keen liu aid ten ounces of lard with a surrounding temperature of 30 degrees below zero. Raw meat lias now ' vJ'0,i the nius: agreeable diet. A slice of j blubber or a chunk of frozen walrus-beef uas taken with infinite relish. The liver of a walrus eaten with little slices of fat was . a daiutv morsel. The flesh of that anwnal i.o.u k.. iv.rt .- can swallow." But of these savory viands the party were ;.cw destitute The tick I Hran m, cnfvr r.-f. want f m)wt TIiv were reduced to three days' allowance of frozen BesJ), at the ri e of I ur ounces a day for each man. In this emergency, Dr. Kane resolve on a trip over the ice to ! a settlement of Esauimaux huts at the dis,JnU,u UnUmmA miW 1L A . ' 1 -v,-. ,.o accompanied by Hans Chrislern, a native ! Esquimaux, and five dogs. Dining the journey, a frightful storm came on. Before abandoned by the Esquimaux. Taking in .1, dop, whb ÜJ. WubWr-tap. food and bedding, .hid. formed part of the burden of the sledge, they closed up the entrance .with blocks of snow. They were scarcely I taraMao.l hafnrn tlio Glnrm KfaU !n 11 7 "1 uiy . omp.eieiy cut ou irom tne outer 1 I At I m . m m . m . . , world, they here passe many miserable hours. They could keep no note of time, - 'between - L. pingand preparing coffii, which a . . . i

they drank with a relish. When warned . .

by their instincts of the lapse of twelve hours, they treated themselves to a meal, dividing impartial bits out of tl;e hind leg j morning, and for several days were incapable of the slightest exertion. On the 27th j of February, a glimpse was obtained of the i i i . . , I returning sun. wraon was naked with abuc-j a 9 1 dant joy un uie L'JUi ot May, they were enabled to take up the line of inarch for the settlelUCntS Oil ihft fr Ti'lATI 1 f ?1 f. rnof On AfnvT vviwi. n c , j respite from their incredible sufferings, the 8earcn was continued tor t&t object ot the e.peumon, oui auer various iruitiess at - 1njltaV they were relinquish all hope of L. Mr. i . i fr uave no apace to uetau the perilous i' uniev to the Danish sttlemerit at which they arrived about the 1st of August The expedition underDr. Kane, nhhonorh - , . i- a e not succeeding in the great purpose for which It was designed, has contributed important additions to geography of the Arctic regions. In the different explorations by the members of the party, the northern coast of Greenland was surveyed to its ter -

mination inUhe great Hvmboldt Glaoier; knowwdga of many branches of science, i principal river. The word is said to sigthis glacial mass was examined and descri- Tiiis was of no practical use. lie would : nify 'the river of men.'

bed äe- far as its northward extension into! the new land named Washington, a large I , J? tract of land, forming the extension north ward of the American continent, was cliscovered; and lha existence of an open and ixdess sea toward the Pole, making an area of over 4,000 miles. The discovery of this J ! polar sea is one of the most interesting results of Arctic exploration. It had long

been suspected that such a tract of water He had met with many men of prominence Le-'-n in 1572, because it was discovered was tobe found m the vicinity of the Pole, who had looked at the indexes of a great on E.astr Sunday; ia Spanish, 'Paseua But hitherto rio satisfactory proof of the many books, and had a general smattering Columbia was so called in reference to fact had been obtained. The evidence J of knowlege, but it was all surface work, Columbus. which Dr. Kane has had (he rare good for- and of no practical use. He hoped his! Wisconsin was so called from its x rincitune to collect is founded on facts of imme- young friends present hero would avoid ! pal river. diate observation. falling into this error. Mr. Buchanan re- called from its principal . I river. In conclusion, we cannot but repeat the marked that his election had been alluded j Oregon was so called from its principal expression of our sense of the heroism, en- to, and he might be expected to say some-1 river. ergy, and intelligence cf the intrepid chief; thing on that point. He had been elected Q aft "M of the expedition. His modest narrative ! to the high and responsible office of Pres- TT . c rea cn" . , ,.,,!., . Happening to cast, my eye upon a pn.:has a sort of a auto-biographical fascination ; ident and he thanked them most sincerely ! ted ' of miniatures of portraits, the per-

onconsciously reveming the highest order of manly qualities, while in the interest of its incidents, it is almost superfluous to say i it surpasses the most exciting wonders of; of romance. Tho ethical lesson of these volumes is a no less precious gift to the reader than its scientific instruction and picturesque delineations." SPEECH OF ME. BUCHANAN, In reply to a deputation of te Students of Franklin and Marshall (Jolleic. On Friday, we learn from the Lancasfer Exp: ess that a hundred students of Franklin and Marshall College, paid a formal visit to Mr. Buchanan. That gentleman received them, and iii a reply to. a congratulatory address, said: That ho felt greatly indebted to his vounr friends for their visit. He had the Z iiienua 101 men icit. ne nau me 3 , j . . ance that, at least, their oongratulaassui tions were aincere, as they sprung from the , . . v i j hearts of youth, which liad not vet had time tohecome corrupted and hardened in . e t, 1A , f the ways of the world. The boson of , J . , , e . , . yOUin was tno aooue oi tinceruy, ajiu h was indeed a pleasure and an honor to receive the w arm outpourings of their hearts. He said he had always felt a great solicitude for the interests of Franklin and Marshall College; it was a noble institution, and ho was proud to be the President of its Bjard of Directors. He was extremely gratified to learn that it had fair prospects, not only of a large number of students, but of great usefulness. It was gratify ing

to see so huge a number of young SUM aU iven Ior ine i'siuem or ice ijara oi, ready enrolled on its list of students. n ' Franklin and Mhall College and the Thus thes? four men, who. from the pereferVd to their resnonsihilhv rinrlin.-President elect of the United States. iculiar situation of their portaits, seemed to

i JLi , . .v . r J. , t:,eui inai wr.-n me present generation naa passed away and been gathered to their fathers, on them, the young men of to-day, would rest the responsibility nf formin- , , 1 r a and administering the future government j of the country, and of preserving m facti our glorious Union and Constitution. ; Th was not, he said, a young man among tht.ro however humble his poaition. w,0 miMit not aspire, with at ambition to fill the hi-est o n hononhle rn .,. mco wrhin . Li , , , . . , ... . tnegmoi tne people; outjn order to attain to positions of honor, usefulness and dis - I m JJ tinction. thev must remember that evervJ - mW I thin" depends on themstees. They must ties ef acquiring that knowledge which

constitutes power. If thev neglect, abuse ! r ...... . !

rfcc,.t,.nit; ?f tiw idlo awav the , ' . , V, . . golden hours allotted for their improvement in mind if they are not obedient to : blight their fairest prospects. He referred to the use of intoxicating liquors, and de clared it would be better for that youth, . . . . . n who contracted an appetite tor strong drink , that he were dead, or had never been born, for when he saw a young man entering on j such a career, a fondness for liquor becom I w..l. -- - Mnn1...nn, 1. ,.-,.lJ ,u6 uu iiiiu ;i i'-" ei ii i ii j;3sioh, iic couiu ! see nothing before him but a lifo of sorrow, . and a dishonored grave in his old aire.-- . Many lads, he was aware, considered this! practice a mark of smartness, but he reI ... . .. . . saniert it as an oilense that cannot be par- . d .nfl awwmi1v in a ch.ih.nf of pollorro - and he concluded this earnest appeal by :xoressiny- the hope aud belief that none of ' thp vmimi mn nf FinnlVlin mil UfeMkdl . . r ' - - " - - ..... ... . . . -...... I jj- . i , .i i were addicted to tins dangerous practice. j The speaker then alluded to the course and j j habits of study necessary to insure success1 in a student's life. Many young men pi i- ! ded themselves in running over a great j many books, snd gaining a superficial urge them to learn thoroughly all they undertook to learn: to sret knowledge distinct- , .i . b i, i . .? . .. 1 a .1 1.1 L- 11. i. Ia i ana men mey wouiu oe aois ro use u to some practical advantage in after life. They should apply themselves with di H -'. : gence to their studies by day, reflect at ! nii;ht upon what they had thus acquired,' 1 J 1 ; and appropriate it as their best capital with which to engage in the struggle of life. - for their congratulations; but whether the event would prove to be a matter of con gratula'ion, time alone could determine Without saying which party was right or whicn party was wrong, the fears of ther "Father of his Country" had at last been realized, and we now behold a sectional pr.i ry-one portion of the Union arrayed

in political hostility against the other. The ; of f r,aUonSf ojM object of his administration would be to j iown Upoa a conquered wo:ld. and wept destroy any sectional party North or because there was not another for him to South and harmonize all sections of the i conquer, set a city on fire, and died in a Union under a national and conservative C of.rjSh' - , , , Hannibal, after having, to the astonisGovernment, as it was fifty years ago. m f n J consternatlon of Rome, passed Unless this he done, the time may come Ljie aJm after having put to flight the arwhen these sectional animosities, which i mies cf the mistress of the world, and now uuhappily exist, may break up the j stripped three bushels of gold rings from

feirest ard most perfect fotm of Govern-

ment tne sun ever snone upon, dul heifromhis countrv hated by those trusted that the same Power which had ! whQ OTloe exultin'lv united his name to

. , ,i, y. . . inii : n :ui i watched over and preserved us in the past, that oi their god, and called him Hannibal, , 1 ' tT j- i l.,, ur no Q, administered will rkiifinnö t-v cmila nrin 11a fiji.-l maL'i JTlO CllJU aT ldbl ÜV 0. J , uaiii ui la.ci v.vi

us a prosperous, united and happy people. 1 . , ; r J r., . ! " d f l( COuld any degree be the humble instrument of , . ? . . . . . . , ailavmg this sectional excitement, and re - eni, anu re3 principles -.14 .v. would then storing the Government to the i i: ,r r...i. i.Ä .. J feel that he had not assumed the arduous ; duties of the office in vaia. At the conclusion of Mr. Buchanan's , , ... , . remarks, of which we have t'lvea but a ! raP!d outline, his guests retired, each one receiving a cordial shako of the hand. Af-

ter they had re-formed in the orderfor pro- from the world, yet where he could somecession, three cheers were proposed and times se e his countp 's banne, waving over , A . . r, - the deep, but which could not bnng him

-awOrigin of the NamKs of States Maine was so callerl as early as 1623, from Maine, in France, of which Henrietta j Mafia Oneenof FnTland was at that time Maia Wa.ui of Lngiand, was a that time J. TI" e f Jv t,,! the territory conveyed by tho Plymouth j Compile Captin Job? Mason, bv pa'f ant. Nor, 7th. 189. with reference toVho patentoe, who was t.overnor oi i'ortsmoutn in Hampshire, England, u ' , r, 1 ! V ermont was called V eriV. CU W.l by the inhabitants in their Declaration of Independence, Jan . 14th, 1777. from the French, 'Verdmont:' the Cxreen Mountains Massachusetts was so called from ij.-is.-.i- ' -iy - eh u sott s Bay, and that from the Mas diusetts tribe oi Indians m tne neignoornooa of Boston. The tiibeis thought to have .1 rived its name from the Blue Hills of Mil - ton. "I had learnt" says Roger Willhms

"that the M issschttsctts was so called from tji um

me uiue Jims. Rhode Island as bo called, in 16C4, in , , , , , u, . tuA Mediterranean received its name trom 1 Lord do la War, who died in this bny. Harrland was so called in honor of Hen rietta Mr.ria, Queen of Charles I., in is patent to Lord Baltimore, June 30th, 1702. Virginia wss so called in 1584, after Queen hnzabeth, the virgin tucen ot Eng land. C. r ,' i" g ) call d b the French Tnlionor ;f Kin" Charles IX cf France. (jeorgia was so calle'i ia 1 1 sz, in nonor of King George II. AUhnma wjis so called m 1 Cl-1. from the . . , ' 4 ,.. . Mississippi was so called in 1CG0, from its w- s.' i n boundary. Mississippi is said : to denote the whole river,' i. e., the river formed by the union of many. . - . . , . . . , Louisiana was so called m honor ot Liouis" Vjy cf prarce " Tennessee was so called in 1796, from its principal river. The word Ten-assec is mid to sjjgaiff a 'eurvr-d spoon.' .Ke.nU-ek WM 80 calIed b 1 702' from TlliisV: so called in 1 300, from its Indiana was so called ia 1309, from tb Aa.erican Indians. Ohio was so called in 1302, from its southern boundary. ' Missouri was so called in 1821, from its principal river. Michigan v. as so called in i 805, from its ?- n 4P3. r A.lrnni; rr5 so füllen in 1E21 trom its prj(.jj)ai riu r Florida was so called by Juan Ponce de sonageswho occupied the f.. ur most con spicuous were Alexander, Hannibal. Caesar, and Bonaparte. 1 had seen the same innurieribk timen before, but never did the sasn: s ns .ions arise in mv bosom as my mind hastily glanced over their several histories. Alexander, ff ter having climbed the diz- ; V 01 ,n 3 m . i . ' 1 L! the hntrers 01 ner ?iaun;ereti hia-nut, anu " r r ' o ade her very foundations quake: fled m bv his own hand, unlamentei and unwept, T VT , , 1 m a foreign land. Cesar, after having conquered eight ; hundred cities, and dved his garments i: I . .. . r ' J ... ?.a vmmZZ 1 the blood of one mihion of his to. -s hating tue Mooa oione minion m nw iy:s .i.n pursued to death the only riual he had on 'earth, was miserably assassirfttel bv those i , ' . ... , , iivh.Mvi li.- pint.ii iimH hi enrnest tr:rnds. ; ' .i". x.rv ri, PA th ttainment of : which had been his gratest ambition. . .... J . 1. ! 1 orapar , wr..,e Z , Popes obeved, after having fill ?d the earth 4, .J ,. -ft.- kuU. delud it h tears and blood, closed his . w i .... . . . . - . , days in lonelv banihsmant, almost exiled stand as the representatives ofad those whom the world calls great those four ; who each in turn made the earth tremble to its very center oy nw ataipiaaiuai.i mW . .. t IT , j. 1 orally dtU, one oy imoxica.io.!. or h, some suppose, by poism mingled with his wine, murdered by his friends. and one in lonely exile. How are the mighty IfcHsBi 0Wrfto 4te U K.. ! Vfo'lowioe in rcdT Nn,,..le 'n ffot on tne Iti.iOwmsf in regrru i" III : "Sprung up like a toadstool on a Minn rf hlrnrl he coiild fir no rfK)t8 in ., ' ej ., , nnnnfrT 11 V OVIl V -mmmjm X-The new marriage law which has just been published in Austria, recognizes t.e mat riago of a boy of fourteen with a k ...... . - - J - t rr. , f lweive as vallid, but the parties are j f0 separated until they areot age. ; jC"I suppose you can all tell wha these two lines are put in for.