Ligonier Banner., Volume 73, Number 37, Ligonier, Noble County, 14 September 1939 — Page 2

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ESTABLISHED 1867 Published every Thursday and entered as second class matter at the Postoffice at Ligonier, Indiana. BAYNE A. MORLEY, Editor and Publisher. : SUBSCRIPTION PRICE : One Year . - . - - - $1.50 Six Months - - - . - Ts¢ $2.00 Per Year Outside Trading Area e

BIRDS OF A FEATHER Not a surprise comes the information that the mongy which: supports and controls Republican politics comes from gambling on a gigantic scale. Immediately after the New Deal started, there appeared in the city of Philadelphia a man with 15 millions of cash. He bought the oldest newspaper, shoved its editor aside, kept those who would follow orders and proceeded to become a big shot in politics in the state of Pennsylvania. He became one of the publishers who raised their voices in demanding the “freedom of the press”, and who saw in Senator Minton’s measure to curb the liars and not the press an assault upon all liberties and all freedom. Every day since that purchase he has spread poisom in the state of Pennsylvania against the President and all New Deal. He has been one of the most vigorous supporters of every movement which would destroy it, the most vicious when the New Deal won, the most triumphant when it faced

temporary defeat. He was an important factor in the nomination and the election of a Republican Governor of his State. He had fhe weapons through which the poison squads spread their venom. He was very act'yle in the defense of every enemy of the New Deal. J The Government has traced the source of the 15 millions which he carried to by a newspaper. It has found that it came from the distribution of race track information and the levies he made upon every book-maker in the country. He supplied this information in every city, large and small, and, following the habits and traditions of gamblers, paid in cash, an unprecedented transaction in business and high finance. : 1 There is one significant thing about this astonishing story of “success”. From the day Moses L. Annenberg purchased the paper, its policies have been identical with those of every large metropolitan newspaper which have joined in this villifying of the New Deal. He has pursued exactly the same methods and the same technique in distributing news. He has pursued the same manners in distorting and suppressing news. He has pursued the same means of poisoning public opinion. He is linked with these papers in objectives and purposes. He is a part of the great machine of propaganda which has been set up to capture the Presidency and destroy the New Deal. Birds of a feather flock together. 3 38 88 : “In Boston Landon said: “To be perfectly frank, there are some people who are throwing monkey wrenches into the machinery. There are extremists on the reactionary side —people in the business and political world who are blind to the reality that the duties of government in the U. S. are different and will continue to be different from what they have been hitherto, regardless of what party is in power.” The Republican party badly needs this admonition. There can be no answer to the reactionary prayer. This country is not going back to 1929. The New Deal social program will not be aba:;;iorzlzed.”—Emporia Gazette (Rep.) 2 2

MOUNTING BANK RESERVES Despite all the efforts of those who have determined to stop the New Deal, reports for August show a constantly increasing amount of reserves in the banks of the nation, reaching an all-time high of nearly five billions of dollars.. The gigantic sums, almost unimaginable, grew again during the month of 60 millions, which means that the banks now hold this amount of savings of the people in reserve for any contingency which may arise, ready to be used when the country needs it for new factories and new machinery, to put idle men to work. In the era of mass production, no man can go back to work until some one furnishes him with the machinery with which he can translate his skill and muscle into useful things. So these funds become more and more important to the whole people. : A It is not these dollars which are frightened and scared, for dollars are without emotion. They, alone, are useless and impotent. It is a paradox that the only useful dollar is a dollar spent. It is only when they are changed to machinery, buildings, equipment, that they become powerful. It is only when they are spent for machinery that idle men may be employed. \ To liberate these idle dollars and also to liberate idle men, the President suggested to a reactionary Congress that the government show its confidence in the future of the country by telling the banks that the whole people would stand behind their loans to enterprises which would furnish work for the idle. Unfortunately Congress saw fit to turn away from this plan and so today, the reserves are mounting, month by month, while men are still idle. To those who have little faith or hope in the future, these reserve funds should speak most eloquently. It shows that this country will continue to grow and increase. It shows that the farmers and workers do not intend to stop or quit. ' It shows that the country, as a whole, spends less than it produces. It does indicate that they are willing and eager to spend much more and produce more, were these floods of money released. : ‘While other nations are spending their future for destruction, this country is able to save. The United States, under the New Dgalizis”pointing to a better way. 8 “Editor Frank Gannett, mentioned for the G. 0. P. Presidential nomination, insists that we are in a worse condition now than when Roosevelt took office. We wonder if he remembers the queues of people lined up before every bank in the country trying to get their deposits out before that particular bank toppled, as thousands of others had done? We wonder if-he recalls Gen. Dawes demanding of Hoover $90,000,000 from\, the RFC, with the grim notice that every Chicago bank would close its doors the next day if he didn’t get it, which he did? Has he in mind the miles of shutdown factories, the breadlines and the circumstance that dividends of that date were classed as extinct?” . iatamon Si kR ews (Dent.) ._ . “Most_people doibtless have forgotten the Republican - Program Commitee which was appointed in November, 1937, _ for the purpose of informing the country just what the | W e Desaber, bat that the imgortant sedtions will be [RS iy never be toveald by the Repablisan ~ baggage. —haleigh News & Observer. (Dem.) =

THE LIGONIER BANNER, LIGONIER, INDIANA, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1939

e e K T = e 48 e » _‘(:. n e R 2 === .}E / 1’1: S g B e: 20 *‘-:, : e puments —— P e e e B e e ] By RAY E. SMITH, EDITOR | THE HOOSIER SENTINEL

Keeping up a constant barrage against New Deal spending, the Republican party is waging a campaign for fear to frighten voters to return the G. O. P. to power. *“The future of our democratic form of government depends upon the return to power of the Republican party,”’ is one of the trite phrases of Repub-

lican orators. Voters heard the same chant in 1935 and 1938, and some believed the Republicans—if put back in office—would reduce the cost of government and balance the budget. Republicangs have been in control of government in Wisconsin, Michigan, Pennsylvania aad Massachusetts for almost a year, and they have failed to carry out their elaborate ‘campaign pro‘mises. If Republican Governors do not balance their budgets, is it reasonable to expect that a Republican President would do it? That ig a question which will confront G.O.P. candidates next year when they repeat their promises.

Governor Heil signed a $67,600,000 budget committing Wisconsin to the most costly biennium in its entire history. Wisconsin residents remember sadly of Heil’s promise to cut stats government expenses $15,000,000 and wonder what has happened to the economy that was so blithely assured them. = Governor Saltonstall of Massachusetts went into office committed to a reduction in government costs. But the biennial budget, enacted by a Republican legislature and signed by Saltonstall, is the largest in the state’s history. In Pennsylvania. Governor James is proposing new taxes to ra‘ise $lOO,000,000 to meet state expenses after campaigning on a tax reduction platform. Governor Dickinson of Michigan is worried because of an unbalanced budget, even after reducing the state’s annual appropriation for the care of crippled and afflicted children from $3,000,000 to $BOO,OOO. What has occured in these four states should be a warning against taking Republican economy pledges at their face value.

Thomas Dewey of New York, who rates newspaper headlines as a racket-busting district attorney, went back to the Michigan farm where he worked as a boy. All the press photographers were notified and Mr. Dewey was forthwith snapped in the kitchen of the farm house, talking to neighbors over the line fence and in other sundry poses. When a man leaves the air-cooled enchantments of New York to go pottering among the pigsties at a place called Owosso, keeping the while within easy range of cameras, you can take it that his wife is mentally measuring the ‘Whtie House for draperies and rugs. All Dewey has to do now is to go through the formality of tossing his hat in the ring. Just what value to this campaign are pictures of him milking cows, feeding chickens, picking peaches, etc., is more than we can figure out. The public is tolerant of these expedientg of politics, but with the rumble of cannon and whir of air bombers in Europe, we’re afraid the mustached young prosecutor won’t measure up to the American people’s standard of a President.

Spending money to keep people alive is not money wasted. If it were, all of us would be spendthrifts. The national debt s justifiable if it is going to help humanity, regardless of what Roosevelt haters say. :Five million undernourished school children in the nation will be fed hot lunches during the present school year by the Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation in conjunction with local relief workers. “Surplus” foods, including citrus fruits, milk, cereals, flour, eggs, butter and others, bought by the government in order to maintain prices received by the farmer, will be utilized. This seems the common-sense way to solve the two problems of (1) undernourishd childrn ang (2) surplus foods—bring the two together and let them cancel each other.

[ It was about a year ago that Wendell H. Wilkie, Hoosier-born president of Commonwealth & Southern Corporation, cried: “I haven’t had a damn bit of confidence for five years.” Commonwealth & Southern’s income, after dropping $10,000,000 in the last three years of Hoover, doubled in the first four years of the New Deal. Now we’re happy to report that Mr. Wilkie’s “confidence’” has returned. With Commonwealth & Southern’s net income :up from §7,443,000 in 1934 to $14,675,000 for the 12 months ending July 31, 1939, the head of Commonwealth & Southern announces an ‘‘extra’ $16,000,000 anston- n. This is real xgteve{q:gnt for the New-

/ e "\'\“' s a : vam@ Tiié @ /I/ Whatever the game, and whatever the odds, I.AWY e me winning is all up to you; ‘ “AWH\OW\Q‘ For it isn’t the score; and it isn’t the prize, That counts when the playing is through! In the great game of Life, it’s the purpose to win, And the courage to fight to the end, ')) That determines for you what degree of success \ - Will be scored to your éredit, my friend. The best you can do may not be quite‘ enough To defeat your opponents today; : But you never can lose, and you never can fail, If you “put all you've got” in your play; ~—>* And the greatest reward that your efforts can bring Is the fact that you stood to the test— That you played a clean game, and you fought a good fight, And you always were doing your best! ' Rok ’\l/@}/\ »?‘%\ a 8 o e J RER oNS R S 7o Ny §\\‘\;\\-‘ I .i{ 1 \\"‘ ‘Q\\fi""" fi?,fi ;.’[\? R o SR FEONESAE <\ 'i\\‘ PNEO 230 A “\‘ PNg vt RA R A N % = "\}\\\\/‘(\\\ | / /l§\ = "-:T" S M"" ] ~\—>":".’?"i?‘t s \Ngmited’) [ lige LN WY 2 SN YN 2 Wg‘ IR /l.v], S VA, S =il

ROOSTERS 1 // gt —77‘»:7:7:“»;> 3 ~ > ¢ 331 : | // “;‘:‘}‘:’. ) i T 2 ,t’,/////:g;.,t‘\ (L) () R 1 ”"_‘\ .\:,‘;\\\ ~ i Y | [ | O o \ ‘l2‘ ",.5';"’!1”:'/"’3"1““*\“ ;‘\ S 0 34"'- . »,_l‘ SAOON Y 5 5 By WALTER A. SHEAD Republican leaders and Republican editors have completely lost their equilibrium in attempting to walk a tight rope of deception with reference to reference to recovery and business conditions in the state and in the nation.

* ® ] The nation is going to the dogs, according to them and they print reams of copy and spout dire predictions that business is ruined and yet the financial pages of their newspapers tell the opposite story. ® * ® Here are some facts. .A billion dollar gain in retail trade for first six months of 1989; steel production at peak; electric output at highest point; ~ all large corporations showing increased net profits The Pennsylvania railroad, for instance, shows a three-million-dollar profit compared to a three-million-dollar deficit last year. Every corporation listed on the financial pages show huge increases in their net profits.

- * % % And here’s a laugh. Commonwealth and Southern, the great Tennessee utility, which only this month was taken over by TVA because they could not “‘compete Wwith government owned utilities” reports for the year ended July 31, 1939 a net income of $14,675,850 compared to $12,342,647 the preceding 12 months, *® * * “After allowing for dividends on the preferred stock, the balance totaled $5,678,336, equal to about 17 cents a share on the common stock, compared with $3,345,299 or about ten cents a share the previous year.” * * *®

Commonwealth & Southern was controlled by our own Wendall Wilkie, former Elwood man, who had a story in the Saturday Evening Post recently telling how the government was ‘“ruining” his company and warning all private business to look out for the big bad wolf. Evidently a fourteen million dollar net profit is not enough for Mr. Wilkie. @ * * And just recently the Commonwealth & Southern carried full bage ads in all the = metropolitan papers singing their swan song and attempting to tell the people how they werg going to lose their shirts when the Commonwealth & Southern quit paying taxes in the various communities in which they operated.

*® *® * > l They mneglected to tell the people, however that TVA will sell them the same electricity and power at less than half the rate Commonwealth & Southern charged and that in the long run the people will save about 75 cents in electric rates and pay about 25 cents more ~ taxes, making a net profit for -the people of 50 cents on the deal, = = ; rEe i ‘ “We were forced to sell hecause we could not stay in business against this subsidized government competition,” Mr, Wilie said, andp'e}“ef ‘he made $14,Lg’; Hos. etprofl_« ‘ye,a"r,.." G

But when Mr. Wilkie published the fact that he had almost 40,000 electric customers in Indiana, he let thg cat ocut of the bag as to why the Republican members of the Indiana delegation in Congress, particularly Mr. Halleck, and Mr. Harness stood up on their hind legs and attempted to sabotage TVA.

*® * * It seems that the Southern Indiana Gas & Electric Company of Evansville, operating in Vanderburg, Posey, Gibson, Pike and Warrick counties is a subsidiary of Commonwealth & Southern. Thus the reason why the Indiana G.O.P. congressmen allied themseleves with the power trusts and against government ownership and lower utility rates for the people. ’ & f I But almost 40,000 electric and power users in Southwestern Indiana will get the advantage of low TVA rates. *: @ ® How many of you who have local municipal utilities would go back to the old private ownership of utilities in your town?

* * * The Public Service commission of Indana has slashed approximately $10,000,000 annually from the rates charged by Indiana utilities. And yet, Congressman Rankin, of Mississippi in a blistering speech, scored the Indiana Republicans in Congress for defending the power trusts, when TVA rates, if general in Indiana, would save Hoosier utility customers approximately $20,000,000 annually over present rates.

This Week’s Best Stories and Witticisms

Here’'s one they are telling as having happened in either Germany or Italy, Three men were sitting in a restafrant, one of them reading a newspaper. Suddenly he pointed to an article, shook hig head and exclaimed: ‘“Tut, tut!” The second man looked over his shoulder and exclaimed: ‘Tut, tut, tut!” The third man jumped to his feet. “If you two fellows are going to talk politics I'm going home.” \ . x X x “If some girl wants to marry a man sure to make his mark in the world,” remarks Sensible Sis, ‘‘let her pick out a chap with the ability to invent a salt that will really pour in damp weather.” : :xX x % Hats off to the Winamac lady who reached home from a vacation trip just forty minutes before the time she left seven days previously—and hurried to make it §o she could truthfully say she couldn’t remember when she had’ been away from home a whole week at a time. : : ‘ ; ey X x i

The Long Island society matron arrived home late one night and discovered that her little son had been very naughty, *“‘l'mx sorry, darling,” she said to him, “but you have been a bad hboy and mother must punish you. Go out in the yard and find me a switch.””” The lad disappeared and returned later, begrimed and: weary. Handing -his mother a large rock, he said, “Mom. ¥ couldn’t find that switch, but here’s a brick you can throw at me.” L ‘ A g Lady—Where. can I caichla street car, young man? @/ - Young Man—By the handle of the door is the best place, ;ugy.fi

o WHAT YOU FOLKS TALKED ABOUT YEARS AGO e

10 Years Ago Mrs. Charles Green of Jamestown, N. Y, was visiting in Ligonier. Mrs. Nathan Wertheimer and daughter Mrs. Milton Stern of Kalamazoo, Mich., were in Ligcnier. Mr..and Mrs. R. K. Duke were the parents of a son born that week. | Rev. and Mrs. G. H. Bacheler were occupying the Weaver cottage at Ogden Island. The following left for various colleges: Jane Wertheimer, Hortense Selig, Louise Wemple, Opal Weeks, Virginia Gentry, Florence Cotherman, Bernice Rager, Helen Hyman, Lenore Kunkalman, Ardath Furst, Eva Kiester, Marcile Marker, Harold McDaniel, John Weir, Fred Bowen, James Schutt, and Robert Wigton. Mrs. Earl Taylor and son Buryl Mrs. Chet Hile and Mrs. Jesse Kern of New Carlisle left for Florida to visit Mr. and Mrs. Ernest Franks.

Charles L. Smith had sold his chocolate shop and was working in the Weir hardware store.

20 Years Ago Mr. and Mrs. Leland Thompson of Washington, D. C., were visiting Mr. and Mrs. E. G. Thompson. Robert D. Shobe was in South Bend attending tre fair and visiting his brother George and family in Mishawaka. Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Brown were havng a vacation in Michigan. John Kunkalman badly injured his hand while doing a plumbing job' at the Leon Wertheimer home. ; Dr. C. D. Lane had purcased the Wertheimer home on the corner of McLean and 4th streets.

Again we come to the time of year when one is impressed with the fact that cantaloupes are a good deal like people. You can’t tell by the looks what’s inside. X X' x The young man thought the girl was kind o’ dumb. “I bet,” he hazarded, ‘“that you don’t know the difference between a camel and a dromedary.” ' “Humph,” wag all she said. ¥ Xix : The brute told her he wished he’d thought twice before he married her and she came back sweetly with assurance that she’d be satisfied if she’d thought just once.

Our NEeicHBORS' VIEWwWSs

SOME THINGS THE U. S. CAN ACTUALLY DO—NOW So' dizzily move the events of Europe that it is almost impossible for the United States to have any policy regarding them. Until we know the lineup, it is hard to appraise the game. Will Russia now sign a non-aggresion pact with Japan also? Will Italy %sell the Germans down the river as she did in 1914? What other ‘quick switches and jumps are in prospect? We do not know, and until we know it is useless to speculate. But there are certain things that can be done now—things that cannot fail to benefit the United States whatever happens. No pains should be spared to \lo them and do them quickly.: . 1. The naval building program should be put on a 24-hour a-day basis immediately. The most modern battleship in the fleet is the West Virginia, whose keel was laid in 1920. That of the Arkansas was laid in 1910; she was commissioned 27 years ago. The first of the new ships, the North Carolina, is not scheduled for completion until November, 1914, L If there is war and we hold to our determination to stay out, the ships will help protect our neutral status. If there is a peace conference, and some sort of adjustment of world conditions is made, they will still speak loudly in that conference. Whatever involvements we do or do not get into, a modern, dominant navy is about the most valuable tangible national asset we can have.

2. The program of buying surplus stocks of essential war materials ought to be made effective immediately. Congress provided the first $10,000,000 of a $100,000,000 program of buyling chromium, tungsten, manganese, . tin, quinine, quartz, manila fiber and the like. The purchases ought to be made quickly, from countries friendly to the United States, and in a manner to stimulate trade as much ag possible, Here again, nothing can be lost no, matter what, happens, and much may be gained. : : : “‘ 3. The Panama canal defense program should be brought quickIy up to par.. No onme can interpret canal defense as a threat to them—it will menace no ome. Every effort should be made to

Mr. and Mrs. -Will Cavin of Sturgis, Mich., were visiting his father John Cavin and Mrs. Cavin:

Mr. and Mrs. John Shellanbarger had been visiting their son at Grand Rapids, Mich. Mr. and Mrs. Harry Beazel of Indianapolis were guests of Mr. and Mrs. A. F. Biggs.

30 Years Ago Rev. Lloyd Douglas son of Rev. A. J. Douglas of Columbia City, had been called to a pastorate of Lutheran Place Memorial church at Washington, D. C. Miss Daisy Joray was visiting friends in Angola. : ~ Miss Ruth Mier had returned from New York City where she visited a sister. Mrs. O. B. Wise and Mrs. F. W, Black came home from South Bend where they had been visiting friends. Fred Green was home from the state fair at Springfield, 111. | Hon. James E. Watson, late candidate for governor, was to deliver the address at the Elks on Dec. 5. Mrs. Ike Rose went to Howe, Ind., to see her son Irl who was ill. Owing to the condition of C. M. Kinney’s health he was obliged to’ resign his position at the Citizen'sg Bank.

The Crystal was ‘‘growing in popularity.”” They had just closed an arrangement whereby they were able to get the best and latest films.

40 Years Ago Milton Selig and Sylvester Blackman were in Buffalo that week.,” ° : : : R. D. Kerr and Miss Mae Kerr went to Goshen to attend the funeral of Mrs. Dal Sherwin.

The romantic young son of a retired banker staggered home Oone drawning and reported to his father that he was going to marry an infamous blonde songstress. “I'm mad about her, dad,” sighed the scion, ‘‘and nothing, nothing can stop us from getting married!” “I know just how you feel,”” sympathized the father. “Why son, I was in love with her myself when I was your age.” X X x Wife of Defeated Pugilist— Don’t count up to ten any more, Junior; it makes your father’s head ache.

solidify closer relations with all South America and with Canada. No one in Europe can properly object that any measures of hemisphere defense threaten them., : 4. The United States should make it clear that if any honest effort is made in Europe to set up orderly and sane means of adjusting differences, it will do its part. Few, even among American isolationists, would now go go far as to refuse to bear 2 share in any honest, general effort to replace with a regime of order and sanity the present mad scheme of naked force.—Kendallville News-Sun.

GOING TO “DOGS’? If America is going to the ‘dogs, as some of our darkest pessimists claim, it is doing so in an increa-s ingly comfortable, helpful manner. Some of .industry’s most recent contributions to what the pessimists term ‘“our crumbling civilization’’: :

A device in the shape of a fruit jar which can generate enough steam in a few minutes to sterilize a rack .of soda fountain dishes, heat a barber towel or accomplish any one of thousands of similar jobs where steam in small amounts is needed right now. ;

An electric secretary about the gize and weight of a typewriter which takes dictation, answers the phone and receives caller’s messages. : )

A new alloy—cupaloy—a metal long sought in the industrial laboratory. It’s near-pure copper with the strength of steel. An office dupligraph which in a single operation prints a letter the name of the person to whom it is to be sent and a personal salutation at the rate of 800 an hour.

Glareless - lights, used with great success in illuminating Shibe park in Philadelphia. Their use in business, industry and household is indicated. Chip steaks, though not an invention of industry, are a development from a California butcher gshop. They are scientifically tenderized steaks, a boon to the men and women who crave a juicy sirloin but don’t trust their dentures. : - And so it goes, America marches ahead while ité'_.p'en‘li; mists moan the end is not far off.—Gary Post-Tribume)

Miss Mabel Graham went to Chicago to attend school. Dr. G. A. Whippey was in Goshen visiting friends. C. V. Inks was in Kendallville on business.

Miss Mamie Algeo returned to Chicago after a visit with her aunt, Mrs. G. W. Brown. The school board gave the contract for the new north side school house to Wing and Ma‘hurin, architects. The ‘“new Ligonier band’ seranaded Lon Flemming at the Jacob Sheets home. Mr. Flemming had been the manager of the old Ligonier Military band. The ice houses on Indian Lake owned by George McLean had |been» destroyed by fire.

50 Years Ago Dr. Newton came out with an elegant new horse and buggy which with his fine bay roadster made him one of the finest rigs in the county. ~ The ladies of the M. E. church ‘held a social at the home of Mr. and Mrs. S. M. Braden. The Normal Lyceum was “improving wonderfully.”” The question for discussion at the next meeting was to be, ‘“Resolved that it would be more benefit to the U. S. to admit Canada than Mexico.” H. G. Cobbs was “forcing out the apple juice” in large quantities. . Miss Annie Carey of Van Wert, 0., was the guest of Miss Jennie Kerr.

“*“Last Sunday was a great day for the livery stables. Not a conveyance of any kind could be procured after seven o’clock.” There had been a big railroad wreck west of town, and that, together with the regular Sunday trade, depleted the supply of rigs.

A lady who recently returned from an auto trip with friends is interestd in the idea of a movie camera on the radiator of the car. This, she thinks would be a great aid to the drivers who travel so fast they are unable to look at the scenery. They could take in the sights after they reach home and sit down. Following is a list of beginning pupils in the Perry Township Centiralized school. Dale Lon Brecheisen, Betty Jean Alfrey, Robert Reynolds, Merna C. Manges, Charles Ray Crothers, Kathleen Grace Eash, Ida May Bontrager, Mylan Yoder.

; WAR MORALE. Though attacks on morale and defensive measures to maintain it constitute the heavy fighting in the early stages of the new war, armies, navies and air forc=s are getting into action. Each nation is basing its action upon its fighting tradition, which ia the natural development of its military history. An examination of these traditions ought to give some ingight into what to expect. They are summarized by W. O’D. Pierce in his recent book, SAir War''.

© “In 1914,” he says, ‘“‘Germany entered the war with the best military tradition of the period. Since 1933, Germany has organized her interpretation of the 1914-18 war to show that her armies were really not defeated from the military viewpeint, but were rather betrayed by subversive influences behind the lines.” There can be no doubt that Hitler has machinery for corabatting such influences now. Though Britain may not accept the German thesis in its entirety, the intensity of its war of propaganda indicates that it believes the belated propaganda hastened the end in 1918. ‘‘England,’”” Pierce continues, ‘“‘except during the terrible period of Haig’s command at Paaschendaele in 1917, when the English lost 400,000 men between July 31 and November 6, has based her fighting tradition on her ability to sustain a long-drawn-out wan, The tradition of grim determination, rather than brilliant soldiering, is the basis of English military prestige” France says, Pierce, with its mystical theory of “always attack”, has a fighting tradition of the first order. That it was modified some is indicated by the fact that it lost only 20,000 more men in the last thirty-five months of the World war than the 664,000 it lost in the first sixteen months. But the tradition stil llives, and though France moves cautiously against the Siegfried line at gm. a big offensive may be expected any day. : ¢

Appraisal of these traditions provide little basis for predicting a short war. Most experts say it will last a year, or longer. To make such a forecast, one has to discount reports of unrest in Germany and write down Britain’s estimate of the effectiveness of propaganda. The length of the war will depend a great deal onm* German = morale.—(lndianapolis oWy -0 e