Ligonier Banner., Volume 54, Number 24A, Ligonier, Noble County, 17 August 1920 — Page 3

PEACE KEYNOTE - OF GOX SPEECH OF ACCEPTANCE

Democratic Candidate Would Enter League, Immediately ~ Ratify Treaty and State In- - terpretation of Covenant.

SAYS “BACK TO THE NORMAL"” MEANS REACTION

Failure to Enforce Prohibition s Worse Than Law's Violation—Declares Present Congress Has Not Passed a Single Constructive Law, but Has Spent Time and Millions in Seeking to Make America's Military Triumph an Odious Chapter in History—Favors Repeal of War Taxes, Criminal Prosecution of Profiteers, More Adequate Supervision of Railroads, a National Budget System, and Woman Suffrage. .

Dayton, 0., August 7.-~ln his speech of acceptance today, Gov. James M. Cox, addressing & great crowd, sald in part: ‘ e = “We are in & time which calls for

straight thinking, stralght talking and straight acting. This (£ no time for \_wohtillng. Never In all our history has more been done for government. INever was snerifice more sublime, The most -precious things of_tieart and home were given up ina spirit which guar ‘ln,t‘m's» tltu'}wr}mtul(,\‘- of our institutons—lf the falth Is kept with those Wwho served and suffered. -. - League of Nations.

“The country received with interest o say theleast. the announcenent from Chicago, where the. Republican National convention was assemnibled, that a platform. plank,. dealing ‘with fthe subject of world pence, had been :dru_wu'\ leaving out the Lodige reservafons und yet remaining agrecable to &l Interests, ‘meaning thereby, the Lodge reservationists, the mild reservationists .and -the group of RepubMean senators that openly opposed the League of Natlons In any form.

' “As the platform made no definite committal of policy ‘and was, in fact, 80 artfully phrased as to make alinost 'any deduction ‘possible, it passed through the convention with practical unanimity. = Senator Johnson, however, whose position has been consistent and. whose opposition to the league in any shape is well known, withheld his support of the convention’'s cholce until the candiddate had stated the meaning of the platform, and announced definitely the policy that would be his, if elected. . ; “Senator Harding makes this new pledge of policy in behalf of his_party: ; - ; “‘I promise you formal and effective pence so quickly as a Republican congress can pass its declaration for a Republican exceuttve to sign.’ * “This means but one thing—a separate peace with Germany ! ' “No less an authority than Senator Lodge sald, before the heat of recent 'contgmvrsy,_ that to make peace except in-company with the allies would “brand us everlistingly with dishonor and bring ruin to us.’ . : “And then after peace is made with Germany, Senator Harding would, he says, ‘hopefully approach the natlons of Europe and of the earth, proposing that understanding which makes us a willing participant in the consecration of nations to a new relationship, “In short, America, refusing to enter the League of Nations (now already established by 20 nations) and bearing and deserving the contempt of the world, would submit an entirely new project. This act would either be regarded as arrant madness or attempted international bossism. ok

- “These are fateful times. Organized government has -a definite duty all over the world. The house of civilization is to be put in order. The supreme issue of the century is hefore us and the nation that halts and delays is playing with fire. The finest impulses of humanity, rising above national lines, merely seek to make another horrible ‘war impossible. Under the old order of international anarchy war came overnight, and the world was on fire before we knew it. It sickens our senses to think of ‘another. = : -

Ratification First Duty.

“The first duty of the new adminis- ‘ tration clearly will be the ratification of the treaty. The matter should be approached without thought of the bitterness of the past. The public verdict will have been rendered, and I am, confident that the friends of world| peace as it will be promoted by the| League will have in numbers the constifutional requisite to favorable senatorial action. The captious may say that our platform reference to reser-! vations is vague and indefinite. = Its' meaning, in brief, is that we shall: state our interpretation of"the cove-’ nant as a _matter of good faith to our! associates and as a precaution against any misunderstanding in the future. The point is, that after the people shall bave spoken, the League will be: in the hands of its friends in the sen,-}1 ate, and a safe index as to what they: will do is supplied by what reserva-“ tions they have proposed in the past.: Some months ago, in a contributed article to the New York Times, I ex-l jpressed my own opinion of the situaRultthenm IW‘?“} -4 L ; : : " | ! ““There can be no doubt but that: e '; e ) },‘Ziz’\:‘:} & =N 2 : D ‘. S ” PASIC PUIPOSE WRS PLact ald ROl Coh=

s S L e LB e troversy. Second, they wanted m‘ other powers signing the Instrument’ to understand our constitutional limitatlons beyond which the treaty-mak-ing power cannot go. - Dvaling with thesi two ‘questions In order, 1t has alwayw seemed 1o me that the interpre tation of the function of the League might bave been stated In these words ;- : o :

~ “'ln giving It assent to this treaty, the sennte has In mind the fact that the League of Nations which it embodies was devised®for the sole purpose of maintaining peace and comity among the nations g{ the eanrth and preventing the fecurrence of such destructive conflicts as that through which the world bas just passed. The co-operution of the United States with the League and its continuance as l'

member thereof, will naturally depend upon the sdherenice of the League to that fundamengal purpose’ | * “Such a declaration would nf least express the view of the United States and Justify the course wiich our nation would unquestionabily follow “if the basic purposes of the/feajue were at any time distorted. It would also appear to be a simpler matter to provide . agninst any misunderstanding In the future and at the same time to

meet the ohjections of those who beHeve that we might be inviting .a controversy _over our Constitution rights, by making a senutorinl addition in

wards something Hke these: Tt will of course be understood that in carrying. out the purpose of, the League, the government of the United States must at all times act in strict harmony with the terms and .intent of the United States Constitation which cagnot in any way be altered by the treaty-masing power.' e i Helpful Additions Not Barred. - “Unquestioned friends of the Loague have made other proposals. Our piatform clearly lays no bar against any additions that ‘will be helpful, but it speaks o a firm resclution. to stand asgatnst anything that disturbs the . vital principle. We hv:nr\h sald that interprefations are unnecessary. That may be true, but they will at least be reassuring to many of our citizens, who feel that In signing the treaty, there should be no mental reservations that are not expressed in plain vmrd's; as o matter of good faith to our associates. Such Interpretations possess the further virtue of supplying a base upon which agreement can be reached, and ‘agreement, without Injury to the covenant, s now of pressing {mportance, It was the desire to 'get things started, - that prpmp!pd some members of the senate fo vote for the Lodge reservations. Those who -eonsclentiously voted for them.in the final roll calls realized, however, that they acted under duress; In that a politically bigoted miinority was exercising the arbitrary . power of {ts position: to enforce drastic conditions. Happily the, voters .of the republic, under our system of government, can remedy that situation, and I have the faith that they will, at the election this fall. Then organized government will be enabled to combline impulse and facility In the making of better world conditions. The agencies of exchange will! automatically adjust themselves to the opportunities of commercial freedom. New life and renewed hope will tak?‘ Told of every.nation. Mankind will press a resolute shoulder to the task' of readjustment, and a new ers will have ‘dawned upon the earth. " Federal Taxation, . .

“Federal taxation must be heavily reduced, and it will be done at once, if a Democratle - administration © is' chosen in November, Without hampering essential national administrative departments, by the elimination oft all. others and strict economy every-! where, national taxes can be reduced in excess of $2,000,000000 yearly. Annoying consumption taxes, once willingly borne, now unjustified, should be repealed. The Incomes from warmade fortunes, those of non-producers. and those derived from industries that exist by unfair privilege may be able, to carry their present load, but taxes on the earnings of the wage-earner, of the salaried and professional man, of the agricultural producer and of thc-z small tradesman should be sharply! modified. I believe that a better form of taxation than the so-called excess profits tax may be found and I suggest a small tax, probably 1 to 1% per cent on the total business of every going concern. It is to be understood that the term ‘busineds’ as used does not include income received by wageearners, salaried men, agriculturists and the small business man who should be exempt from this tax. The profiteer and some of the highly capitalized units have used the excess profits tax as a favorite excuse for loading on the consumer by means of highly inflated selling prices many times the amount actually paid the government. A necessary condition to. the natienal contentment and mnd; business ‘is a just propertion betwee fair profits to business and hk‘pnm:‘ to the consumer. L o

‘ Would Halt Profitetripg. | . “The tribe of profiteets has simply multiplied under the favoring circumstances of war. For years, large contributions have been made to the Republican campaign fund for no purjpose except to buy a governmental underhold, and to make illegal profits as the result of preference.- Such largesses are today a greater menace to‘ jour contentment and. our institutions than the countless temporary profity ieers who are making a mockery of honest business, but who can live and| fatten only In time of disturbed prices.: If I am called to service as president, means will be found, if they do not al‘ready exist, for compelling these exceptions to the great mass of squaredealing American business men, to use the same yardstick of homesty that governs most of us In our dealings with our fellow men, or in language ithat they may understand, to suffer, the penalty of criminal law. : "it:gbeen my observation that the loan. who learns our language, yields to. A controlling public opinion and reSpects our laws; besides, in. proporo e T e

THE LIGONTER BANNER, LIGONIER, INDIANA

'defl-lnp- his Interest In the Tmpulsive " processes of revolution diminishes. We must be patient in the work of ullm-! flation and studiously avold oppres. . slve mensures in the face of mere evidence of misunderstanding. The beces'sity for the drastic laws of war days! is not present now, and we should recturn at the earliest opportunity to {the statutory provisions passed in,

timie of peace for the general welfare. - There is no condition now that warrants any infringement on- the right of free speech and assembly nor on the liberty of the press. The greatest messure of individual freedom consistent with the safety of our Institutions should be given. Excessive regulation cayses manifestations that compel restraint. ' : Law Enforcement.

“The legislafive branch of government _js sybjected to the rale of the majorily. The public official who falls to enffree the law I 8 an enemy both to the Constitution and to the American principle of majority rule. It would seem quite unnecessary for any candidate for the Presidency to say that he does not Intend to vielate his cath of office. Anyone who is false to that oath.-is more unworthy than the law violator htmself. T

© “Morals cannot easily be produced by statute. The writ of Injunction should not be sbused. Intended as a safeguard to person and property. it could easily by abuse cease to be the protective device it was Intended to be. © “We should not. by law, abridge a man's right either to labor or to quit his employment. However, nefther labor nor capital should at any time or in any circumstdances, take action that would put in jeopardy the public welfare. . . ; -

“We need a definite and precise statement of policy as to what business men and workingmen may do and may not do by way of comblnhtioq and collective action. The law {8 now 86 nebulous that it almhost turns upon the economle predilections of the Judge or jury. This does not make for confidénce in the courts nor re-

spect for the laws, nor for a healthy activity in production and distribution. There surely will be found ways by which co-operation may be encouraged without the destfuction of enterprise. The rules of business should be made more certaln so that on a stable basis men may move with confidence,

“Government, however, should provide the means in the treatment of its employees, to keep in touch with conditions and to rectify wrong. It is needless to say that in gpder to be consistent, facts should at all times justify the pre-supposition that the government employees are properly compensated. E

“The child life of the nation should be conserved; if labor in immature years Is permitted by one generation, it is practicing unfairness to the next. Adequate Farm Profits. “Farming will not_inspire individual effort unless profits, all things considered, are equal to those in other activitles. An additional check to depleted ranks In the fields would be thé establishment of modern state rural school codes, The federal government should maintain active sponsorship- of - this. Rural parents would be lacking in the element which makes civilizatign enduring if they did not desire for their children educational opportunities comparable to those in the cities. The price the consumer pays for foodstuffs is po indieation of what the producer receives. There are too many turnovers between the two. The farmer raises his crop and the price which he receives is determined by supply and demand. His products in beef and pork and produce pass. into cold storage and ordinarily when they reach the consumer the law of supply and demand does not obtaln. The preservation of foodstuffs by cold storage is a boon to humanity, and it should be encouraged. However, the time has come for its vigllant regulation and inasmuch as it becomes a part of interstate commerce, the responsibility is with the federal government. Supplies are gathered in from the farm in times of plenty. They can easily be fed out to the consumer

in such manner as to keep the demand in excess of that part of the supply which is released from storage. This is an unfair practice and should be stopped. Besides, there should be a. time lmit beyond which perishable foodstuffs should not be stored. v

“Our objective should be.a decreased . tenantry. With the period of occupancy uncertai#, the renter strips land of its fertile elements, and each year dimirishes our national assets. Under the operation of the federal resérve and the farm loan acts, encouragement has come to thousands who find that industry, character and intelllgence are a golden security to the people’s banker, the government of the United States. Multiply our home.

owners, and you will make the way of the seditious agitator more ' difficult. : Rallroads and Waterways. i “Any discussion of the question of food supply leads very quickly to the Closely related matter of transporta‘tion. There is no one thing which brings us so intermittently to critical conditions than. the insufficiency of iour transportation faeilities. Both the railroads and the public are to ‘blame. - There has been no material addition to the total mileage in the ‘last ten years, and the increase in tertmlnnls has been much less than required. At the beginning 6f the war the rolling stock was sadly reduced. and inadequate. The public had not! given In pay for service sufficient reve-: i nues on which credit could be allowed: by the banks. Moral assistance was! withheld because of railroad policies! ‘that did not bring approval. Many of; these corporations had made them-i selves a part of political activities, 10-! cal, state and national. Then there were more or less sporadic instances’ of stock-watering operations, and the’ exploitdtion of utility properties for, - “Abuses were not general, but theyi

they were barely able to limp through the task of the day. Unity In operation, the elimination of the long haul and the merging of every s""' of track and termioal and every car and engine into a co-ordinat-el plan of operation, enabled the govemment to transport troops and supplies, at the same time affording. under great stress, a satisfactory outlet for our mdustries. It should be re membered in this connection that except for the mwotor truck which supplemwented transportation by rail, and except for the great pipe lines which conveyed 01l for commercial purposes, we should pot, in all probability; have been able to throw our deciding strength into the balance and win the war. Any attempt to discredit the federal operation of rallroads during the years of grave emergency is unfair. In the case of those who know the facts It is insincere.. Too much cannot be said in praise of those who directed this work, nor of the men who physicaily kowrnted the lines under the discouriaudng conditions of poor equipment. But all of this is water over the wheel. 'LTha problem of the railroads is still’ with us. The government and the pubHe should render every co-operation In. the utmost good faith, to givethorough test. to private ownership. The riilgnmdfl have had their lesson. Governmént regulation s accepted now as ; not only a safegusard to the publie, but 48 a conserving process to the utility. Financial credit is necessary to phy- ' #ieal rehabilitation and it should be sufficient for the perfods of maximum: demand. We should not lose sight, how‘ever of the vast possibilities of supple-. mentary service by water. The Great Lakes and St. Lawrence navigation project, particularly, should claim the interest of the government. ~ | Federal Reserve System. . “It is almost unuoecessary to speak of the Federal Reserve system in con.nection with the winning of the war, as, next to the consecration of our manhood and womanhood itself, the ‘greatest factor was the marshalling into one unit through the Federal Reserve banks of the stupendous wealth of America. To those of vision who look out beyond our shores into that commerclal domain where we are so Justly entitled to enter In a time of pesce, latent power of the Federal Re-, serve system can be seen promoting in every quarter of the globe an ever‘widening flow of American commerce. We will soon have a merchant marine fleet of 11,000,000 tons aggregate, every ship flying the American flag and carrylng In American bottoms the products of mill and mine and factory and farm. This would seem to be a guarantee of continued prosperity. Our facilities for exchange and credit, however, in foreign parts, should be enlarged and, under the Federal Reserve system, banks should be established in important trading centers. - Reduction of Armament. “I am convinced after considerable study of the subject that the expense of the government can, without loss of efficiency, be reduced to a maximum of. $4,000,000,000, including sinking fund’ and interest on the national debt. Wheén we enter the League of Nations we should at the same time diminish our cost for armament. To continue, expenditures in either the war or the' navy departments on a vast scale, once. our membership in the League is assured, would seem to be a very definite refutation of the: advantages of the| world plan which we belleve it possesses. - An appealing fundamental In the Ledgué method is the reduction of armaments. We cannot afford to do it, until other nations do likewise. If' we do not enter the League hundreds of millions of dollars must be spent for armaments. If we go in, and I believe the people will insist on it, then we can count on economies. :

~ “The Republican leaders who have taken charge-of their party and nominated its candidate are no more possessed of the spirit of the hour than they were in 1912 when they precipltated a revolution within the rank and fille of a great organization. If further proof were needed, the action of the, present Congress supplies it. Not a constructive law can be cited. Money, and time were wasted in seeking to make a military triumph an odious chapter In history—and yet is it not' significant that after two years of sleuthful inquiry there was nothing revealed In that vast enterprise, carryIng billions of dollars in expense, upon’ which they could base even a whisper of dishonesty? . . : ! “The Mexican situation, trying to onr;‘ patience for years, begins to show: signs of Improvement. Not the least of the things that have contributed to! it is a realization by the people of that country that we have neither the lust for their domain, nor disposition to, disturb their sovereign rights. Peace: smiles upon the border and incentive: to individual effort seems to be making' a national aspiration. e ;1

“I feel deeply that the rehabilitation’ dtbedlnbledsoldle;not.memg war is one of the most vital issues be fore the people and I, as a candidate, pledge myself and my party to those yonngAmgflansmdoaulnmy power to secure for them, without unnec-: essary delay, the immediate training which is so necessary to fit them o compete in their struggle to overcome that physical handicap incurred while in the service of their government. I believe also that the Federal Board of Vocational Rehabilitation, as far as possible, should employ disabled soldiers theniselves to supervise the re-, habilitation of disabled soldiers, because of their known sympathy and

understanding. The bodrd itself and all' agencies under it should be bur-: dened with the care of securing for the disabled soldier who has nnlshed, 1‘ his training, adequate employment. 4 “The women of America, in emotion and constructive service, measured npij during the war to every requirement, | and emergency exacted much of them. They\demonstrated not only willingness but capacity. They helped win the war, and they are entitled to the, privilege of voting s a matter of right’

malntalolng whelesome and patriotie policy. It requires but one more state to ratify the nationa! amendment and thus bring s long-delayed justice. 1 have the same earnest hope as our piatform expresses that some one of the remaining states will promptly take favorable action. :

- “There must be an awakened inter est in education. The assumption that things are all right is an error. The plain fact reveals two startiing things, one, & growing decimation in the ranks of teachers and the other, the existence of fiye and one-half million Niiterates. The army of instructors has been more or less demoralized through financial temptation from other activities which pay much better. We owe too much to the next generation to be remiss In this matter,

“There will be no attempt in_ this campaign to compete by dollars with our opposition. So. many people have héen in the money-githering business for the reactionary cause that the milHous already In hand are more or léss a matter of generul tnformation. Al that we ask is that both parties deal in the utmost good faith with the elec torate and tell the plain truth as to the amounts received, the contributors and the items of dishursements,

“The sort of readjust ment which will appeal to our ‘self-respect and ultimateIy to our general prosperity, is the honest readjustment. Any unfalr adJustinent simply delays the ultimate process and we should remember the lesson of history that one extreme usually leads to anothér. We desire industrial peace. We want our people to have an abiding confidence In governel e i

.. a 9 \e » . Vacation Time = Vacation time is here. The P J. Carney store is well prepared to take care of - your wants. Just step in and look: over our line of cool goods for summer. Large line of Traveling Bags just received. Carney Clothing Store o The Store where Most all the People Trade

| Girls and women to learn to sew on power sewing machines on shirts. s $9.50 per week tomstart with, rapid N adyalicement. Apply ; Kahn Brothers Shirt Co.

with it the coufidence of the country. “The inconveniences incident to the war have been disquieting ; the fallure of the Republican Congress to repeal annoying taxes has added to our troubles. The natural !mpulse s to forget the past, to develop bew interests, to create a refreshened and refreshing atmosphere in life. We want to forget war and be free from the troubling thought of its possibility in the future. ' We want a change from the old world of yesterday, where International totrigue made the people mere pawns on the chessboard of war. We want a change from the old todustrial world where the man who toiled was assured ‘n foll dinner pall’ as his only ot and portion. But how are we to make the chauge? Which way shall we go? We stand at the forks of the road and must choose which to follow. Ove leads to a higher citizenship, a freer expression of the Individual and a fuller life for all.” The other le.daj to reaction, the rule of the few over the many and the restriction of tpov‘ average man's chances to grow upward, Cunning dévices backed by unlimited i prodigal expenditites will be used to confuse and to lure. But I have an abiding faith that the pitfalls will be avolded and the right road chosen.

G. O. P. Vigion Reactionary. “The leaders opposed to Democraey promise to put the country ‘back té normal’ This can ooly mean the so called normal of former reactionary administrations, the outstanding feature of which wus a pittasce for farm produce and a small wage for a long day of labor. My viston does not turn backward to the ‘normal' desired. by

) | g\\b— '.o::.}*'s’_‘% T 2 ‘ Callßan | AT Har&i?:afiner ) arx Clothes

the senatorial oligarchy, but to a fhm‘hwmalulhmtnwto«ml opportunity to cultivate a higher stature amidst better environment than that of the past. Our view s toward the sunrise of tomorrow with its progress and its eternal promise of better things. The opposition stands in the skyline of the setting sun, looking backward, to the old days of re“l accept the nomination of ouyr party, obedient to the Divine . Sovereign of all peoples, afid hopeful that by trust in Him the way will be shown for helpful/ufmre." : Photographs at Hieber'’s Stadlo. N - FOR SALE | . FIRST CLASS BATTERY SERVICE STATION DOKNG GOOD BUSINESS WILL SELL AT A BARGAIN. 600 D REASON FOR SELLING, IF IN. TERESTED CALL H. S, HAMILTON, v.‘ilif‘(_)\lll FLOOR BLAZED TRAILL GARAGE, LIGONIER, IND, . < g Sal e - : sSome Come _ # in and see Bills = -