Ligonier Banner., Volume 43, Number 31, Ligonier, Noble County, 22 October 1908 — Page 8

The Ligonier Banner LIGONIER, | : INDIANA.

HAPPENING: OF b WEE

-PERSONAL. A message just received from Dr. Frederick A. Cook, written February 26, says he was making a straight line for the pole. David W. Hill of Poplar Bluff, Mo, Thas resigned as a candidate for the Republican nomination for United States senator. H&ace D. Taft, principal of Taft school at Watertown, Conn., and brother of William H. Taft, refused a nomination for representative in the state legislature. Harry K. Thaw was sent baek to Matteawan, Hospital for the Criminal Insane by order of Justice Mills of the New York supreme court. Col. Ike T. Pryor of San Antonio, Tex., was elected chairman of the executive committee of the trans-Mis-sissipp¥” congress. : Col. William F. Stewart, the Fort Grant “exile,” was retired by direction of the president. e John H. Buckner pleaded guilty of election frauds in St. Louis and was given three years in prison.

BULGARIAN SITUATION. Germany has assured Turkey she will follow the lead of England in the matter of the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, so that Austria-Hungary stands alone. The Servian government believes war will be avoided. Belgrade, the storm center in the present Balkan situation, has quieted After a long secret session, the national assembly has taken no definite action with regard to making war upon Austria-Hungary. The city itself has quieted down, the people apparently realizing that war would mean the destruction of Servian nationality. All the great powers are awaiting the result of the conferences which have been going on at London between M. Iswolsky, the Russian foreign minister, and Sir Edward Gray, the British secretary for foreign affairs, and King Edward himself. Prince Ferdinand, as the “czar of the Balkans,” made his triumphal entry into the capital amid scenes of patriotic enthusiasm. Great Britain receded from her original position and is now willing that the proposed conference of the powers to settle the crisis . in the near east shall take under advisement other questions in addition to those involved in the annexation of Bosnia and Bulgarian independence. A Turkish cruiser and three torpedo _boats arrived at Saloniki on the way ‘to the Island of Samos, a Grecian pos- » session. This is Turkey’s answer to the proclamation by the Cretans of union with Greece.

GENERAL NEWS. Two more of the balloons in the international race for the James!Gordon Bennett trophy have descended in the North sea, and one, the German entry Busley, manned by Dr. Niemeyer and Hans Hiedemann, has not yet been heard from. _ CThicago’s National league team—the Cubs—are still champions of the world. They captured the fifth game &t the series from the Detroit Tigers by a score of 2 to 0, thus winning four games, to one for the Detroits. . Col. William F. Tucker, assistant paymaster of the United States army, on whom a warrant was served at Deecatur, 111., early Tuesday, -charging wife desertion, left St. Louis for Hot Springs, Ark. He is a very sick man and may not survive long. . ; Henry Standing Bear, a full-blooded Sioux Indian, who is a graduate of the Carlisle Indian school and formerly was a fullback on the Carlisle football eleven, was accused of bigamy by Hazel M. Moran of St. Louis, a graduate of Smith college. | Louise H. Chamberlin, a sister of

Perry S. Heath, former assistant postmaster general and later editor of the Salt Lake Tribune, was burned to death an Albuqueque, N. M. ° Thomas Howell, aged 67, shot and killed Mrs. Ben Davis at Drummond, Mont. . The twelfth annual convention of _ the National Grain Dealers’ association opened ig St. Louis. Detroit Tig defeated the Chicago Cubs, Bto3, i} the third ball game of the world’'s chAmpionship series. Harry Cahill, alias James Cole, said to be the son of an Alaskan delegate in congress, was arrested by the Chiecago police on a charge of robbing a bank at Ladysmith, Wis., of $3,000. A madman climbed to the plnnacle‘ of the Brooklyn tower of the Wil- ~ Hamsburg bridge, was cornered in a “small space at the top by two policemen and a bridge employe, and, after a terrific struggle, was prevented from slashing his thrdat and then throwing - himself into the river. : ~ Mrs. George Collier of Occidental, Cal, fell into a vat of wine and was drowned. . Three companies of South Carolina militia fought a mob of 1,000 persons in Spartanburg and saved a negro who was accused of assaulting a white - Greensboro, N. C., began the celebration of the centennial of its foundmual session in San Francisco the g; e g “3;’% &Mm e, &SN s"'&‘*@fii}‘g;

James S. 'Kennedy, a New York banker, has given $1,000,000 to the Presbyterian hospital of that city of which helis president. Baseball writers connected with the leading daily papers of every major league city excepting Brooklyn formed an organization to be known as the Baseball Writers’ Association of America. .

Government chemists were said to have solved the problem of making paper from cornstalks. President Roosevelt issued an executive order that extends the classified civil service to numerous government offices, future appointments to which must be made under civil service rules. I

Fire in Davenport, la., desiroyed a grain elevator and other property, the loss being $150,000. : The silves jubilee of Archbishop P. W. Riordan was celebrated by the Catholics of California. v

Owing to the pacific condition of the country, full martial law has been raised in all the provinces of Poland with the exception of ; Pietrkow, in which the great industrial center of Lodz is located. The American balleon St. Louis, in the international race, descended in the North sea in the night and its pilots, N. H. Arnold and H. J. Hewitt, narrowly escaped death, being rescued by a lifeboat. The America 11., piloted by Capt. McCoy, landed in a tree top a few feet from the steep cliffs on the shore of the Baltic. A ten-pound note of the English colony of New York, issued February 16, 1771, has been presented to Comptroller Metz of New York with a request for payment. Its redemption, with interest, would cost the city about $39,000. John and Peter Bohli, brothers, of Ingalls Crossing, N. Y., were murdered by robbers. E In the fourth game of the world’s baseball championship series, Chicago defeated Detroit, 3 to 0. The Pacific fleet, towing torpedo boat destroyers, arrived at Honolulu from Samoa. / A mob of many thousands of persons, called together by the suffragettes, besieged parliament and kept 5,000 London police busy for hours. The federal court at Pittsburg - ordered the Matteawan asylum authorities to produce Harry Thaw in the bankruptey procee@ings in the former city. i : :

- A large part of the town of Stettler, Alberta, was destroyed by fire, the loss being $250,000. _ William Wirt, aged 83, a well-known resident of Youngstown, 0., was bunkoed out of $5,000 by two swindlers. The large Jenkins lumber mills at Blaine, Wash., were burned, the loss being about $500,000. Chancellor Andrews of the University of Nebraska forbade class fights and other students’ pranks on pain of expulsion. S 5 : The district attorney of Queens county, New York, threatened to close all the courts in his jurisdiction because the funds at his disposal were exhausted. - ‘o Putnam county, Ohio, voted to retain saloons. . = : Albert E. Tucker of Warsaw, Ind., married the divorced wife of his son. Twenty-two members of the “Ilchinhoi,” the pro-Japanese society of Korea, were killed by Japanese gendarmes. Two Chicago men fought a duel with knives for a woman’s love and both were fatally wounded. Capt. Monroe and five of the crew of the British schooner Sirocco, who were supposed to have been lost when their vessel was wrecked off the Florida coast on October 1, were landed at Boston by the fruit steamer Horatius. With all nine justices present, the supreme court of the United States went to work again after a vacation of more than four months. It will continue in session until June of next year. ] §

A. Holland Forbes and Augustus Post, American aeronauts, had an escape from horrible death that was little short of miraculous. They started in the international balloon race from Schmargendorf, near Berlin, and at a height of 4,000 feet their balloon, the Conqueror, burst. For 2,000 feet it. shot down like a bullet, and then the torn silk bag assumed the shape of a parachute, and the rapidity of the descent was checked, the men landing on a house-top, little injured. - Luman Mann, the son of Orville C. Mann, a prominent and wealthy citizen of Oak Park, a suburb of Chicago, is locked up on the charge of being the" murderer of Mrs. Fanny Thompson, who was found strangled and bound hand and foot with a clothesline in a rooming house at 1242 Michigan avenue July 1. Approximately 12,000 deaths from cholera in the Philipipne islands since January 1 of this year are announced in a detailed report made to the public health service by Chief Quarantine Officer McClintic at Manila. All the great events of Philadel.phia’s 225 years were set forth in a historical pageant, the most magnificent thing of its kind ever planned in America and the culminating feature of Founders’ week. ~ The first two games in the world’s championship series between the Chicago National league and Detroit American league teams were won by Chicago. , James Oliver Curwood, the wellknown author of Detroit, Mich., who went into the Hudson bay wilds for a Detroit publishing firm, was killed by Indians in the Lac La Ronge country. Charges of discrimination in awarding the cableway contracts for the Panama canal wére denied by Col George W. Goethals, head of the Isthmian commission, at the inquiry before Inspector General Garlington. The United States circuit court of appeals at Milwaukee, in reviewing the federal court injunction issued several years ago against the striking iron molders of Milwaukee, held that the lower court went too far in prohibiting peaceful picketing. e

Ora Lee, 21 years old, a handsome factory girl, was found shot to death on the rvad between Wadsworth, 0., and the hamlet of Custard Hook. Guy Rasor, whom Miss Lee was to have married, is detained by the sheriff pending developments of the police investigation. Rasor denies all knowl ‘edge of the tragedy.

DFRVER YMCA. HAS ONLY-INSTITUTION OF THE KIND IN THE WORLD JOO CONSLINIPTIVES RESTOREDIN & YEARS " iRt 1, Bt o s :ﬁzliz;. 6 -2 $1 :E'. i %! $ ﬁ % J*‘ N( W : w"‘::,. %Q,wywww% gt s R g e o e S R ;s';7s‘* w« oo PSR TSN e P SOR | gM & o :a‘w‘g:’- e. g “ (ng" W’m« R |e o g R I e e gl ot sulloer, SRR S U e OT T i s o ki Rs S SRR TR ] FAVILIOW, (INEARLY COMPLETEY) 2 HORSE AND (oW BARNS, & WATERTONER, OBJSERVATORY AND SUN FARLORS. 4 ASIENBLY TEN 7 " \l\ SRR i - g v .-:-'.:'~::;~ :‘ ; R e . B P i i ‘,/Q’ o g 0 ﬁﬁ‘;} W“ﬂk)( A %(o : : 1 ¥ ,:‘;,f},., a%Xy E Ciageaviie o o i gE e %Wm&m 3 e i ‘P b : %‘%ﬁ»&ﬁ“w I"» 3?3’ . o 8 f»yg‘;% L Lss e b b i e R ;\ RS - ?\:ﬂ":‘* < ,%&;«%>?%§E¢£;»* % i i P ‘_Bs_; ; % R TR e s S Rt R <v“~<bf?z SR e 2 R R e o M/mm«:\’/%& Gl b N SN e - MO AVENUE BETWEEN CO7 TAGES,. :

-To 'the sacrifice made by a kindhear@ed Colorado farmer and his wife five years ago more than 500 men from 40 states of the union and seven- foreign countries owe their lives, as evidenced by the latest annual report of the Denver Young Men’s Christian Association ‘health farm. The only institution of its kind in the world, this farm, which was the home of David Brothers and his wife, and was donated by them as a haven for the consumptives who were coming to Denverhopeful but surely to be stranded has proved the success it deserves to be; therefore the ‘association representatives who have undertaken to raise $50,000 for enlargement of its facilities anticipate hearty response—they are assured at least that 500 physically-regenerated, newly-hopeful men will gratefully come to their assistance to whatever extent possible and boost with all the power of their re-created lungs. It was long after the establishing of the health farm that it becomeés recognized as an important department of the Young Men’s Christian associations of North America, and the eastern associations began showing their interest in the practical workings of the farm by sending members in need of outdoor life and systematic living to it, and by assisting the project financially. So far, more than $50,000 has been contributed in cash to the maintenance of the farm.

In 1903, W. M. Danner, then general secretary of the Denver Young Men’s Christian association, presented the great need of the association to its friends and the public. It was then that Mr. and Mrs. David Brothers responded by giving to the association their 34-acre farm, on which they had lived many years, and the only condition of the donation was that it would always be used as a health farm for young men of the Young Men’s Christion association needing open-air treatment. The kindly act of the rancher and his wife stirred others. Dr. E. P. George, reading a paragraph commending the idea, promptly subscribed $5,000. Other donations amountingfo $4,000 enabled the association to start the project formally in May, 1903, and the health farm has bee~ maintained ever since as a department of the Denver Young Men’s Christian association.

The health farm is divided into a sanatorium occupying about six acres, and the farm proper consisting of ten acres in apple orchard, ten acres in garden and eight acres in grain and small fruits. The farm proper is being conducted in a most efficient manner. The orchard and truck garden, together with the poultry and dairy, are sufficient source of supply for the table and even has been proving a source of revenue. Not only does it make the table board all that could ‘be desired, but there is an abundance, and the possibilities of the farm could hardly be said to have been fully developed..

THREAD USED IN SURGERY

Different Kinds to Meet the Exigencies of the Wound. Are you aware that the modern surgeon employs in his work dozens of different kinds of thread for sewing up cuts and wounds? Among them are kangaroo tendons, horsehair, silk and very fine silver wire. Many of these threads are intended to hold for a certain number of days, and then naturally break away. The short, tough tendons taken from the kangarpoo, which are used for sewing severe wounds, will hold for about four weeks betore‘ they break away. Silk thread will remain §euch longer, sometimes six months, while the fine silver wire is practically indestructible. | With the entire outfit a sugeon is able to select a thread that will last as long as the wound takes to heal, and will then disappear completely. To accommodate this assortment of threads special varieies of needles are required. Besides the needle craned

The farm {s electrically lighted throughout, has its own water works and sewer sysiem, and, in fact, the sanitary arrangements are so perfect that they have been heartily commended by the state board of health. The sanatorium consists of an infirmary with beds for 16 men, where a patient must spend a few days a week, as the case may demand, in absolute rest. The idea of the management is not to receive men who are in need of hospital attention, but rather to encourage men.who are run down or, because of tubercular trouble, nged a few months’ rest, and who are able to take care of their own tents and come into the dining room for meals. There are 42 of these individual tents into which the patienpts “graduate” from the sanatorium, and these are eomfortably furnished and constructed in the most scientific manner for outdoor living. Each case is given individual study and care by the physician and the results are obtained through’proper food, fresh air, rest and discipline. The health farm is conducted as ' a home wherein the residents themselves adopt a high standard of conduct and honor, and the spirit of the association and the general care of the Denver Young Men'’s Christian association is exercised over the health farm ‘all the while. The social life of the health farm is an attractive feature and constantly being improved, as is the religious feature of the camp. In the assembly tent there is no scarcity of games, and in addition there is a splendid croquet ground which is popular with the men as a healthful outdoor recreation; a splendid library of about 500 miscellaneous volumes is maintained, and donations of books are solicited and are being received from time to time. The definite religious work is receving the proper emphasis. A committee has been appointed among the men who will have charge of meetings, Bible classes, etc.,, and at present two services are held every Sune day, at 8:15 a. m., and a twilight service at 6:45 p. m. These meetings are always well attended and deeply appreciated by the men, and the services have long since proven as helpful as the association men’s meetings in the cities.

The committee of management of the association health farm includes Henry A. Buchtel, governor of Colorado; C. D. Cobb, chairman; Dr. J. E. Kinney, treasurer; Dr. S. H. Canby, J. S. Fabling, Dr. 1. B. Perkins, W. D. Downs, E. H. Braukman, Zeph Charles Felt and F. L. Starrett, general secretary. :

Men from other states—and no Colorado men are admitted as patients because of the outside demand—who seek information about the health farm should apply to General Secretary Starrett of the Denver Young Men’s Christian association or W. E. Edmonds, department secretary of the health farm. :

geons use needles shaped like spears, javelins and bayonet points. Poetry and Prose. A school book publishing company in New York recently received the following, written on a postal card, from a dealer in “General Merchandise” at Indian Trail, N, C.: “Pleas send by return mail without fail to Miss Ida Vail at Indian Trail one copy of Blanks jography.” The publishing house replied as follows: A “We regret that we are unable to acknowledge receipt- of your order of the 17th inst. in language couched in poetical form, our office poet being out of 'the city. Hence you will kindly pardon the prose in which we beg to advise you that upon receipt of $1.25 we will be pleased to accede to your request for one copy of Blank's ‘Geography.” el Z ol e m—— ‘ A man never surfeits of too muel honesty.—German Proverb. gt

THE JOY OF FORGIVENESS

'LESSON TEXT.—Psalm 32. Memory verses 1, 2. GOLDEN TEXT.—‘“Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin isf rovered.””—Psalm 32:1. ; TlME.—David’'s sin and repentance, a little beyond the middle of his reign, about B. C. 1034 according to the margin »f our Bibles. His capital and palace were at Jerusalem. David was almost 50 vears old, successful as a general and a statesman. The author of the Psalm was: srobably David, with possible additions in later times to adapt it to special occasions, as often occurs in our hymns. PLACE.—Jerusalem. Comment and Suggestive Thought. Some time in David's later life, looking back from the Beulah land heights of the restored favor of God, as the Prodigal Son after he had returned to his father’s home and love, King David puts into a hymn his own exverience for the comfort and encouragement of all who have sinned and long to be restored to their father's home and heart. For like Adam and Eve, he had been driven out of Paradise for - disobeying God, and the flaming chertibim had kept him from the Tree of Life. But he had at last found the waters of rest and the green pastures of forgiven sin. So he sings: *V. 1. “Blessed.” The word here, as in Psa. 1:1 and Prov. 3:13, is in the plural, Oh the blessednesses of him whose, ete., “to denote the most supreme and perfect blessedness,” and “to express the manifold nature of the blessedness, at all times, from all sources, in all departments of life, in all circumstances; blessed in body and in soul, in time and in eternity.”

“Transgression . . . sin | . . iniquity” (2). “Sin is here (as in Ex. 34:7) spoken of under three appellations, s 0 as to include the whole idea of sin in all its manifestations.”—Perowne. “Forgiven.” That is given away, removed. “This is, according to the Hebrew conception, the taking up of transgression as a burden, a heavy load, resting upon the sinner, and bearing it away from him to a place where it will trouble him no more.” —C. A. Briggs, in :Int. Crit. Com. “Covered,” so as to hide it and obliterate it. “It is commonly used in connection with sacrifices, as staining and defiling the divine altars, was covered over by the application to them of the blood of the victim of the sin offering.”—Prof. C. A. Briggs. V. 2. “Imputeth not.” ‘“Does not estimate, consider, or think of in connection with the sinner.”—Professor Briggs. “In whose spirit there is nho guile,” no deceit, “who. conceals his sin neither from God nor himself.”— Prof. S. R. Driver. Other Bible words for forgiveness are remit, send away, destroy, wash away, cleanse, make them as if they had never been. V. 3. “When I kept silence.” Trying to hide his sin; refusing to acknowledge it to himself, to others, or to God. “My bones (the most solid and enduring part of his body) waxed (became increasingly) old.” Exhausted, enfeebled, worn out. The secret sin wore him out and made him sick. “Through my roaring all the day long.” “The figure is drawn from the loud and unrestrained outcries of one suffering intolerable and unremitting pain. He was enduring an agony which forced from him sobs and groans that he could not stifle.”—W. H. Green. “A sin concealed is like a hidden fire. It eats into the' very life.”—Van Dyke. o “The Spartan boy hid the fox beneath his coat, and denied the theft until he . dropped dead, the fox all the while gnawing at his vitals. David felt the gnawing of remorse, and it was eating outbhis heart.”—Dr. W. E. Barton.

V. 4. “Thy hand was heavy upon me.” “God would not leave him to go on in sin. God’'s hand was heavy upon him in chastisement in order to bring him into a better mind, as a father chastises his child in love (Heb. 12:6XL “Not merely by its pressure of weight; but, as the context implies, heavy because of heavy strokes smiting hini again and again with his powerful hand, so as to make him roar with the agony of suffering.””—Prof. C. A. Briggs. “My moisture” (v. 4), ete. This sentence Professor Briggs translates: “1 was changed (from a former condition) into misery as when thorns smite me.” The blows of God’s hands are very appropriately compared with the smkting of the body with thorns, as when Gideon taught the elders of Succoth with thorns and briers (Judsg. 8:16.) V. 5. “I acknowledged my sin.” We have seen above how the bitterness of concealment and the reproof of the prophet led David to take this step. “Sin . . . iniquity . . . transgresgions.”” The three forms of sin mentioned in vs. 1, 2. | “Acknowledged . . . not hid . . . confess.” The three words expressing the completeness and thoroughness of the confession. Nothing was withheld. . Forgiveness. : 1. We all need forgiveness, for sin keeps us from nearness.to God; we cannot look him in the face. 2. Forgiveness takes away the barrier between us and God. It is a restoration to God’s family. 3. 'Forgiveness includes the washing away of sin and the love of sin. It will be remembered no more. 4. Forgiveness, whether by God or man, does not remove all the consequences of sin, at least immediately; but it does remove. the punishment of sin in time; it does immediately take away its bitterest sting: ;

Toxin of Baldness. A crystalline body that he calls trichotoxin is regarded by Dr. Delos L. Parker as an active -agent in producing baldness. - It is:carried in the: lungs, and it can be detected in the exhaled air. The fact that females—who breathe more fully—are less affeeted with baldness' than males is cited as evidence supporting the theory. It is concluded that persons who are losing their hair should practice breathing exercises, and the investigation seems to have shown further that turpentine is superior to the usual remedies as a local application. o

ANTS THAT BUILD 03.0 o /ﬁg‘( MOUNDS ‘=i TINY ARCHITECTS OF THE FLARIES -OF TEE WEIT

? . THO 1P !!3 k‘ Lerr LONER JETTS ARE WORH S & Ry 2 .:'-;:-».,?4;::E:E:E:E;43:;r.g~;E:?;E:E-.;:;:3-,;;:;;;:;g;g;;,g:;;:;52;@;@; — &méﬁﬁg #i g v“>.§’~>;¢m‘%+'? “53.;*”\** & g iy ?‘Q‘\\ngw o ‘}\w\ 3 iSS ;:-5:‘2*%:525:333}.\::;;::::3:;:;3:;:;2;;;.;5:\,:::.555325:. o ?ﬁ:::&?E:Ef-,‘fi"gff;::E:;“’-g:'/ : 3 bE "’s‘3Zi::k?:i:!:\-iﬁ::-itji;:-:.;:;:;:4.;,;:_\;;.35:_«,;.,;,‘ 87 e o %3y P ;::;ri:54:5:3;:4;~.-;;;gi;;:;1;55;:;;;::;g;;;;s_‘;gg::;}_f:ﬁ%_’ b g R RS -E;:; ey i 8 ?5.3':3?:::?'7‘:2:-;:5;4:}? g R _.:.....,;.;;.-:_;;;:A i ﬂﬂ, Ret § gﬁs‘{\s@ R évy”\'\'f"":g AR s e s ‘-:;s‘_’e“-:v’f o \é&‘b\ s R ':.’:‘-,.f"-.-' E R % &‘;w&r”‘é”"v, R ok b b Waaire s R >§\«%°§%&t Mo Coae e e o SRR S ..v\*X'ev\ B N AR AN S R AR INE NRLR R G \“ig)f“ﬁ”’« g P e S #‘% LSR i SRR AR AR R RA B o e ,&f\ ﬁg? R B eS AR RS N SR s .-’~s.<s°\”\,_t‘g?s%m@£‘§,,\£\ S RS PDo \ss}(\-.ﬁvc._.,.,.:,.‘:_:,::.:,‘A‘.,',}_:_:_ SR S P c "@:Eafés’?::zaﬁiz;éss;;-z:;::.,-.-zgzg»;:;;-;_:::j::;a o 3 ‘ e 4‘*‘Bl},:“%",‘ 1 SR S :;'-‘_.,:_-\.,_::-:.;:.-;-' \@,;::*;-,}:3:58;:;:‘::,.,;;:..3'_::,,.v FRN i e SRR '-:"*v"-':-:».’»:.-:-.-;:;.‘:-‘/;: RSR e R E;E::E;:i'f':i'»ﬁ?:’»:f-::"fi“:‘j"*_-";':"::?::E'1’:53'::5:5?5?1'-: éi“h .-‘@-:gi;sgz;;.-g;:;:;;-,:’;»-=gzr::":;z:Q-:f-&_’:;é;:-:.1;'7:;‘;;;, *T'3??5??3365:551?i’iI'?:'::fz:":ia;g;.g;;;:3:;;:;;;;&::‘5;:;,::,:;w3;‘_ e e T »’»s;o%ﬁ;%%ﬂ‘f\ L 3 ~\}’l\"3\v§>"’t¥’s\‘ ',:“4“,;‘: ey O AND BED WITH S GALL A LERIES. IMELERS

In crossing the prairies of central and western Kansas the traveler’s attention fis frequently drawn to the gravel-covered mounds that skirt the railways and wagon roads. Located in thé center of cleated circular areas, they stand out prominently, breaking the grassy surface. These mounds dot the slopes of ravines, the banks of streams, and nooks and flats between cliffs apd ridges. They occur along traveled streets and sidewalks, in corrals, and in dooryards. They are present in fields of wheat and alfalfa, in spite of the plowing and disking. They possessed the prairie before the farmer came, and they remain in spite of his operations. The ant whose industry has made these mounds, with their clean-swept dooryards, clings tenaciously to the house which it has built and, so often as the roof is destroyed, laboriously rebuilds it. These ants include a considerable portion of the western plains in their range. They occur throughout the northwestern part of Texas, a considerable part of New Mexico, Arizona, Utah and Wyoming, the western part of Oklahoma, Kansas and Nebraska, and the whole of Colorado. Although some are perfect cones, the mounds usually have an ellipitical base. They are of various sizes and heights, depending on the age, gize and location of the colony. The clearing surrounding the mound is usually circular and regular in form, but occasionally varies from this to ellipitical. It is level, absolutely devoid of vegetation, and usually has the mound as its exact center. The size of the clearing depends upon the age and size %I the colony and the nature of the surroundings. Those in buffalo grass average nine feet-in diameter and those in Russian thistles 11 feet. In alfalfa fields they may measure as much as 20 feet, and the extreme limit of 45 feet was found in a corral The ants cannot tolerate the presence of vegetation near their mounds | and the workers clear it away by use of their well-adapted mandibles. They. doubtless find that vegetation is an obstacle to their going and coming; that it affords concealment to their enemies; retains moisture after a rain, thus favoring the growth of injurious fungi; that its roots penetrate the chambers of their nests and, decaying, form passageways for the entrance of water. - < !

They cover the mound to a depth of from one-half to one inch with a layer of coarse particles selected from the surrounding material, making the slope nearly as steep as the nature of the substances will permit. The dexterity and ease with which ihe workers handle the pebbles wherewith they cover their homes is a gource of constant interest and surprise. A worker will seize a pebble with outstretched mandibles and, with head elevated, holding it well to the front, carry it over the rough surface to the very top of the mound without once stopping to rest. In no, case does one worker help another that happens to have undertaken too heavy a load. We have seen such individuals struggling vainly at. the base while their comrades pass unconcernedly up and down all about them. Beneath the gravelly coating the mound is composed of the local soil, mainly brought up from below, and so firmly cemented together that it forms a rain-proof roof. Except for an unbroken layer just beneath the gravelly surfaci, the whole mound is honeycombed with chambers and galleries. The ants by no means restrict them-

FINGER-BOWLS OF SHELLS

In Use in the South Seas for Many Hundred Years. The author of a recent English book, “In the Strange .South Seas,” being a woman, mentions many things which the ordinary book of travel omits to notice. Miss Grimshaw tells us more of how the people live in their homes and less of head-hunting than books of travel and adventure commonly relate. Among other domestic matters, she describes the fingerbowls of the more refined tables at which she was entertained with true Polynesian hospitality. - _ If we of civilized countries think that we invented finger-bowls either in form or in use, we are mistaken. The South seas invented them a few hundred years before we found out they were necessary to our own deli‘cate refinement. A bowl full of water is handed 'round to every diner in a South sea house. = . . ~ The water is from the river, pure

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selves to their mound, but penetrate the soil directly beneath it to a great depth, sometimes as far as ten or more feet. The circular chambers, with their low arched .ceilings 'and level floors, vary from .one to three inches in diameter and from one-hailf to one inch in height. The connecting galleries have a uniform diameter of about three-eighths of an inch and vary in length with the ‘distance between chambers. Beyond the first three or four inches below the base of the mound the chambers . decrease markedly in number and in proximity to one another. Sealed and unsealed storerooms filled with seeds occur throughout the .nest; larvae, - pupae and young ants occupy inany chambers, and adult members of the colony #se the remainder for working and living rooms.

' The mound building prairie ant shows three distinct classes of individuals—the queens (fertile females), males, and workers (sterile females). Males and fertile females, which are about equal. in number, form a comparatively small portion of the colony, while the workers in large nests seem almost numberless, there being at least 10,000. : The queen is about seven-sixteenths of an inch long, of uniform yellowbrown color, with one pair of small compound eyes and three very smallocelli. Her mandibles are large, black and armed with seven teeth, and she is provided with a sting. -~ The male is about three-eighths of an inch long with head and throax nearly black, abdomen brown and more pointed than that, of the queen. His head is small and bears twe large compound eyes and three ocelli, the middle ‘one of ‘which is much larger] than the other two. He has no sfing.| The workers vary in length from’ three-sixteenths to five-sixteenths of an inch. The head is very large, two or three times the width of the pr thorax. The mandibles are Ilarge curved, and armed with seven teeth They are well fitted for the tasks o seizing, cutting, crushing and Vsawingi The head bears no ocelli and the com pound eyes are small—about th,e siz; of those of the queen. The workers also are armed with stings. They vary in size from a large form known as the worker ‘major to a smaller forqi known as the worker minor. Inasmuch as this distinction is based on characters all of which show such a clea intergrading that ten well-selecte workers may be so arranged that th characters of the worker major gradually shade off into those of the worker minor, there is no good reason for distirguishing the two extremes q: ‘the series by special names. Not on‘lf are there no structural characters but there is no difference in function t{o justify such a distinction. Although these ants are larger tha most species and have two of the most formidable - weapons - know among insects—large, pointed mandibles and most efficient stings—they are .not quarrelsome, and fight only in self-defense. e ’ ; G. A. DEAN, | - Assistant Entomelogist, Kansas.!

: ~ Permanent. o Few of the fruits of civilization may be looked upon as nltimate. For the most part they have their day,/and pass. - S The plug hat, however, discovers #ttributes of permanence, notably that uniformity in variety which best attests an essential fixity of speciZs. Whether in the pot of Paris or the top of Tomkinsville, there is always to be found ° the element of crowning. f;bsurdity which is the character of the plug. -i F = — | Mgreover, religious sentiments ﬁre the 'longest abiding, especially where they are touched with superstitign; and now that no man whose wife considers herself somebody Wwill' venture to walk up the aisle of a Christ’,ian church at the morning service, anyway, without a plug hat deftly supported on the crook of his elbow, we may not expect soon to see the ﬁ#is‘h of this remarkable article Of'hegdqva‘r.

nearly perfect than the most exquisite models of ancient Greece, It is |deli cately hued with pale brown in the inner part and with deep sienna browr outside. 2 | This bowl is half a cocoanut-shell—-beautiful, useful, practically unbreak able, yet not of sufficient worth to pre vent its being thrown away to-morrow and replaced by a fresh one from the nearest palm. Fresh plates and cups for one’s food are a refinement civilization has not yet attained. You must go to savages to look ‘for thpm.—-‘ Youth’s Companion. s Electricity and the ‘Human Body. The average resistance of the hu man body from the feet to the hands, when the soles of the shoes sat urated with water and the hands are wet, is about 5,000 ohms, ahd may be represented approximately by the re sistance of a copper wire about one two-hundred-and-ffty-fourth of an inch

A SUDDEN | - GOLD. 5 .—“\"\ \ e 2. 0000200 PECRECEREL R ; BR e = SAUERBIER 7, MissHE G = Miss Helen Sauerbier, of 815 Main St., St. Joseph, Mich., writes an interesting Jetter on the subject of catching cold, which cannot fail to be of value to all women who catch cold easily.

‘,"‘ ¢ ¥ . It Should be Taken According to Directions on the Bottle, at the ‘First Appearance of the Cold. | ST. JosEPH, MICH., Sept., 1901.—Last winter I caught a sudden cold which developed into an unpleasant catsrri of the head and throat, depriving me of my appetite and usual good spirits. A friend who had been cured by Peruna advised me to try it and I sent for a bottle at onee,and I am glad to say that in three days the phlegm had loosened, Q,nd 1 felt better, my appetite returned and . within nine days I was in my ?sual good health. : [ | —NMiss Helen Saunerbier. | Perunaisan old and well tried remedy for colds. No woman should be without it.

et | NOT THE RIGHT MAN. i 7 3 | Gry e . 163 o 4 » Lk » ‘: e € AT ‘ ﬁ;: 2 N LS : il % . y " ','; ] b , g : il 2, '-":J"‘ | Vgt 1 k i} 7] b AV 3 (il ( %‘{W mi%ﬁi% ;‘ti//‘ - . The Rejected—And will notking make you change your mind? She—M’yes, another man might.

.. Much Power from Niagara. Power generated at Niagara Falls is to be distributed all over Canada. Bids have been asked on 10,000 tons of structural steel for the Canadian government. The steel is to be used for towers which will support the cables used in transporting the current. Al ready power generated at Niagarz is being sent to a distance of more than 125 miles, and it is the intention of the Canadian government to increase this distance, says the Scientific American. Towns in -every direction about Niagara will be supplied. :

Rival Dignities. - An Englishman, fond of boasting of his ancestry, took a coin from his pocket and, pointing te-the head engraved on it, said: “My great-great-grandfather was made a-lord by the king whose picture you see on this shilling.” ; : 1 “What a coincidence!” said his Yankee companion, who at once produced another coin. “My great-great-grandfather was made an angel by the Indian whose picture you see on this cent.”—Ladies’ Home Journal.

You always get full valve+n Lewis” Single Binder straight 5c cigar. Your deafer or Lewis’ Factory, Peorz, Il

The wise man who has a good o;ill—‘ fon of himself keeps it to himsell. '

Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup. For children teething, softens the guras, reduces inflammation, llhyppuln.cnmvhdcuk;. 25ca dottie.

The love of money is the easiest of all roots to cultivate.

"FARMS FOR RENT or sale on crop payments. J. MULHALL, Sioux City, la.

An occasional failure doesa’t discourage a hustler.

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KNOWN sincE 1836 as RELIABLE | 'S TRADE MARK i PLANTE"” BLACK C 2 CAPSULES SUPERIGR REMEDY#os URINARY DISCHARGES £ DRUGGISTS OR BY MAIL ONRECEIPT OF =OO H.PLANTEN & SON SSHENRY STBROOH %

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