Ligonier Banner., Volume 43, Number 16, Ligonier, Noble County, 9 July 1908 — Page 2

@he Zigonier Bamirer LIGONIFR. - - INDIANA

Record of the Most Important Events : Condensed for the : Perusal of the Busy Man.

° PERSONAL. Commander Robert E. Peary completed his plans for another attempt to reach the north pole. . Lieut. (‘}o\". George H. Prouty was nominated for governor of Vermont by the Republican state convention. William H. Taft cleaned up the business of his office as secretary of war, turned over the portfolio to Luke Wright, and turned his attentjon to the presidential campaign. Bert M. Fernald of Poland, Me, was nominated for governor of Maine by the Republican state conyention. Ferdinand Dudenhefer, formerly a state tax collector in- New Orleans, was found guilty of embezzling about $66.000 of state funds. Robert Jardine, ten vears old,.is accused at Lesueur, Minh., of the deliberate murder of another ‘child. Mrs. Philip N. Mooré of St. Louis was elected president of the General Federatioh of Women's clubs. Bishop Henry C. Potter of New York was reported to be near death. Steven J. Adams, fire chief of Budapest. Hungary, is serving as a fireman in New York city. to learn American methods. Robert Ohrnmeiss, Jr., cashier of the Marine Trust company at Atlantic City, N. J.. was arrested charged with a defalcation of $20,500. He made a confession in which he says that he playved the stock market. The shah of Persia proclaimed a general amnesty in order to restore tranquility at Teheran. o Secretary of State Elihu Root went to William Muldoon's health institution at White Plains agdin for a course of medicine ball throwing, hard walking and riding, cold shower baths and plain cooking. John W. Gates visited St. Charles, IL., jto say gO(rto his mother before leaving fo® Europe. He bought a stock farm for "$25,000 and gave it to 'E. J. Baker. - o _ Ralph A. Aldrich, wanted at Nevada, la., on a charge of forging notes amounting to nearly $12,000, was arrested in Springfield, 111., and admitted he was guilty. . .The body of Grover Cleveland was buried at Princeton after brief but impressive services which were attended by President Roosevelt and other notables. ~ .

GENERAL NEWS. Francis G. ‘Bailey, the president of the Export Shipping company of New Jersey, who, together with his brother, Albert W, Bai]gy. Charles H. H. Myers and Capt. Albert Oxley was placed aboard the Norwegian steamer Ut stein at Puerto Cortez, Honduras, in custody. of Lieut. P. W. Beery of the New. York police department, made | his escape in a small boat. The Minnesota Republican convention nominated Jacob F. Jacobson of Madison for.governor and adopted .a | platform indorsing -the work of the Chicago convention and pledging the party in- Minnesota to continue the work of railway regulation. ‘Count Zeppelin outdistanced all world records for steerage balloons. He remained in the air for 12 hours and traversed the greater- part of northern Switzerland, attaining an average speed throughout of 34 miles an hour. _ _ Mrs. Frances Thompson, wife of a Fargo, N. D., school teacher, was found strangled to death, gagged and bound hand and foot with a clothesline, in her apartments in a rooming house in (‘hicglgb. - August Beltzner, aged 65, one of the moest prominent business men of Joliet, 111., was killed while resisting two holdup men in his grocery store.Wilbur F. Parker, a well-known real estate man of St. Louis, committed suicide. ) The Idaho board of pardons commuted the sentence of Harry Orchard, who was under sentence to hang for ‘the murder of former Gov. Frank Stuenmenberg, to imprisonment for life. One man was Killed, three were seriously injured and a half-dozen were slightly hurt in a railway collision at Des Moines, la. ) | Mrs. Julius Krueger and three of her ~children perished in a fire at Milwaukee. Krueger and one son were res.cued, seriously injured. _ An explosion and fire in a San Francisco grocery store caused the death of -four . persons. and the injury of three others. : Mannie Fisher and Miss Anna Taylor were drowned near St. Joseph, Mo, by the upsetting of a boat. ) The California limited on the Santa Fe went through a burned bridge near ‘Hardy, Ariz., two trainmen and a passenger being killed and 20 persons hurt. ' Fire caused by the explosion of a .kerosene lamp destroyed the Green “Mountain Falls hotel, at Green Mountain Falls, 2 summer resort 15 miles west of Colorado Springs, Col. Sixty inmates of the Maryland school for boys revolted and escaped, a score being recaptured. Thomas L. Bagby, while standing at his sweetheart’'s window near Huntsville, Mo., was shot and killed by her brother, E. J. Carter, Jr. : Two men were killed and five persons injured when their automobile ‘was struck by an interurban car at Indianapolis.

Thomas Hill, a welkknown landscape artist, committed suicide at his kome ‘at ‘the entrance of Yosemite valley. , Lorenzo Dow Harvey, Ph. D., superintendent of public schools and superintendent of the Stout Training schhool of Menomonie, Wis., was elected president of the National-Ed-ucation association at Cleveland. Twenty-two starving French seamen cast away on 7~\ntipodes island were Tescued by the' British warship Pegasus.- ) L Oliver P. Ensley of Indianapolis, former county treasurer, was indicted on a charge of embezzling $22.500. Walfer J. Bartnett of San Francisco was sgntenced to ten vears in the penitentiary for having hypothecated bonds and securities to the amount of $205,000 belonging to the estate of Ellen M. Colton, of which he was special administrator. Mae C. Wood, the Omahd woman who. sued United States Senator Thomas C. Platt for divorce, was indicted by a grand jury in New York on charges of perjury and forgery. The 280 employes of the Remington typewriter works at Ilion, N. Y., received $14,000 as the semi-annual bonus distributed by the company to its employes. i Annie Wilson, ninle years old, told in a New York police court of successfully committing mote than 50 burglaries. ’ Attacked by a band of 50 insurgents, government troops at Palomas, Mexico, a small town in Chihuahua, kille{l one rebel and wounded several others. The revolutionists fled to the mountains, pursued by .the-soldiers. Mrs. Louisiana Hobbs Douglass, one of the numerous wives of the alleged bogus “Lord” Oswald Reginald Douglass, was granted an absolute. divorce from “Lord” Douglass at Norfolk, Va. ) Two men were killed, and three tadly injured in the collapse of a livery stable in Minneapolis. - A. Bodth & Co. of Chicago pleaded guilty to accepting concessions from railroads.

In order to escape trial on a charge of being implicated in the robbery and killing of Frank Frorer. millionaire banker of Lincoln, I1l;, William Webber of Springfield entered a plea of Zuilty to another charge of robbery and was sentenced to the penitentiary. The grand jury at Indianapolis returned an indictment against Henry V. Marshall, president of the Western Construetion company, charging him with presenting a false and fraudulent claim against the city for asphalt street” patching done by his company. -

George B. McClellan was declared to have been duly elected mayor of New York over W. R. Hearst, in 1905, by Justice Lambert, and by the justice's "orders the jury returned a verdict to that effect. . Miss Mary Joy ‘Newland of Detroii was married to Count Limberg of Prussia. . 3 i The mobilization of all British warships in home waters for the annual maneuvers brought together 301 vessels with 68,000_officers and men. Mme. Sherstnova, who was confined in the political prison at Kiev, was shot and killed by one of the sentinels who- discovered her signaling with a mirror to some of her co-prisoners.. Women suffragists made a riotous demonstration at the parliament buildings in London and some of them were. arrested. Judges Sanborn, Hook and Adams, in the United States circuit court at St. Paul, made an interlocutory decree whereby they temporarily suspend and enjoin the enforcement of the order of the interstate commerce commission which reduced the charge of certain railroad companies- for the, transfer of live’ stock from the termini -of their roads in Chicago to the Union Stoeck Yards from $2 to $1 per car. By direction of President Roosevelt, Secretary of War Taft issued orders to the commanding general of the department of Texas, at San Antonio, to send a sufficient number of troops to Del Rio, El Paso and other points in Texas to aid the civil authorities in preserving order. This action was decided upon as a result of the request from the Mexican government that the United States do its utmost to prevent any violation of the neutrality laws. Mexican troops attacked and scattered the bandits who raided Matamoras. - At Friedrichshafen Count Zeppelin's airship stood brilliantly "the longest and most searching test it has yet undergone. It remained in the . air for six hours and three-quarters, attaining an average speed of 341% miles an hour throughout. : The Equitable Life Assurance society is to erect in New York an office building of 62 stories, 909 feet high. Ten passengers were injured, none fatally, in Pittsburg, when the controller of a street car exploded, the ‘red-hot debris of the mechanism being blown into the car. ) ) Jealous of his young wife and mistaking*his son for another man, Julius Turner, 68 years of age, a wealthy farmer of Clay City, 111., shot his wife to death, seriously wounded his 15-year-old son and atiempted to commit ‘suicide.

The Swiss Aero club’s ‘balloon Cognac has succeeded in crossing the Alps. - This feat has often been attempted, but never before accomplished. Dr. Peter V. Burnett, a specialist in disedses of the eye, ear and throat, committed suicide by leaping from the roof. 'garden of the Mount Sinai hospital in New York. 2 Seven persons were killed and more than 60 injured by a tornado that destroyed many houses in Clinton, Minn. The town of Pukwana, S. D., was nearly wiped out by a tornado but no one was hurt. ’ - - Matthew Ford, town marshal of Osborne, Mo., killed a robber in an exchange of shots. = Five persons were drowned in a flood near "Wellington, Kan., caused by a cloudburst. : William D. Sloat, a New York paper merchant, committed suicide while despondent ‘because of ill health. Charles R.: Rose, son of James A. Rose, secretary of state of Illinois, .eloped from Springfield, 111., with Miss Blanche Connor of Princeton, 111., a stenographer for the state board of agriculture, and the two were married in Chicago..

TELLS HABITS OF WILD BIRDS

TREE SWALLOWS’ TENACITY IN HOME DUTIES—MALE VIREO | SITS ON EGGS. | CUCKOO IS NOT A BUILDER Lays in Other Birds’' Nests—lnstances of Courage—Partridge Attacks In: | . truder in Fierce Manner, Usually Driving Off Opponent. | BY EDWARD B. CLARK. . (Associate Member American Ornithol--3 ogists’ Union.) . | (Copyright, Joseph B. Bowles.) | If you are looking for luck, put a starch box with a hole in it on your roof and get a tree swallow for a neighbor.. The bird is equally at home above the city streets and above the country streams. All he asks is a place to nest and a welcome. 3 - The Indian held the tree swallow with the purple martin, a mascot of mascots. In the olden days every tepee pole had a gourd at its top for the use of either species, and. the hrave who had no summer bird twittering above his door looked for evil happenings. - ) | The tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) originally dwelt in hollow trees along the water course.. The custom is followed largely to-day, but the bird has found that among men there is protection from its natural enemies, and so it is gradually forsaking old ways and seeking civilization. This swallow is a beautiful bird. It has pure white underparts, while its back and shoulders, when the sun strikes them, are a shimmering green. An experimenting friend of mine put a box on the roof of his city residence. A pair of tree swallows came and dwelt there. The mother bird deposited five pearly white eggs. The experimenter took the eggs. The birds were loath to leave. In a few days there were five more eggs in the box. While his heart smote him, the experimenter took these treasures also. The birds still remained about the box. Four more eggs were laid, and were taken. The tree swallows would not give up. The female laid three more eggs, and the hand of the despoiler was stayed. The birds raised their young, and the next season they returned and were not molested. | . Not long ago a Georgia man wrote to me and suggested that gourds be hung up for the purpose of determining if purple martins would use them for homes in the north as they do in the south. A gourd was swung from a pole in the yard of a friend. The purpleg martins overlooked iit, but a pair of tree swallows pre-empted it, and in ‘the swinging home raised a family. - | There were several feet of cord attached to the little home, and when the wind blew the gourd was thrashed about alarmingly. The mother bird, ‘however, saved the eggs from destruction with the close, soft feathers' of her breast, and before long four little tree swallows peeped out of the entrance hole ready for their first flight. One of our most abundant woodpeckers, the flicker (colaptes auratus), like the tree.swallow, is loath to leave the place it has chosen for a summer home. The flicker nests in a hole which it hollows out of a decayed tree. Persons with callous consciences have taken set after set of the eggs of the flicker, the bird keeping'up 'the laying and the attempt to raise a family until nature was well-nigh exhausted. ’ The flicker has nearly 40 names. It is known in different parts of the country as high, yellow-hammer, pigeon woodpecker, yarrup, ‘yellowshafted flicker, and so on to the end of the list. It is abundant everywhere, and ‘in recent years it has become a bird of the lawns, where it eats thousands upon thousands of destructive ants. An investigator connected = with the biological survey found 1,200 ants in one flicker stomach. The bird needs protection, for everywhere it meets with the persecution of the thoughtless. [ The warbling vireos is a bird with a lesson to teach man. The‘{xusband vireo shares all household duties with his wife. He is on the nest cuddling the eggs fully half of the time, ang, so far from entering complaint, he sings joyfully at his task. Find arwarbling vireo’s nest, -and if master vireo is in charge he will be found “singing at his sitting.” He finds joy in drudgery and is not ashamed to let the world know it. : g The warbling vireo (vireo gilvus) has olive gray upper parts, with wings and tail of dusky brown. The under parts are white shaded, with greenish vellow at the sides.. A white streak runs through the eye. The bird’s nest is hung in the fork of a tree, and is compactly made of inner bark, vegetable fiber and dead leaves. The lining occasionally is made of pine needles. It is one of the prettiest summer homes fashioned by bird kind. - g . [

MARRIAGE WASN’T A FAILURE

And the Ranchman Told the Book Agent the True Reason Thereof. "“During territorial days I was canvassing in eastern Washington for a New York publishing house,” said Lue E. Vernon. “I was showing a book among the ranchers those days which had a title,- ‘ls Marriage a Failure? It was -a popular book and I hadn’t much trouble to sell it nearly everywhere I showed it. But I went up against one rancher that wouldn’t have it at all. He was about 35 and weighed 160; bullt in proportion. Just as soon as he saw the title he shoved it away from him. | “‘I don’t want no book like that,’ he said. ‘I know marriage ain’t a failure, because I have tried It. Now look here at Martha. She builds the fires in the mornin’, gits breakfast, fixes five children ready for school, looks after two more, feeds the hogs, makes the butter; cooks all meals, does all the darnin’ and patchin’, makes the garden, spilts woud, does odd jobs about

The cedar birds are busy in the August season with their young. Something of the character traits of these birds was given in a previous article. A pair of cedar birds have figured in an incident, which is of great interest to the world of “bird science.” A nest was found in an orchard. It contained three cedar bird eggs of gray with brown markings, and in addition three large blue-green

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eggs of one of the species of American cuckoos. S Here was an instance of the reverting to what unquestionably was the habit‘of an ancestor. The . English cuckoo invariably lays its eggs in other birds’ nests. The American cuckoo builds a nest of its own, but the construction of the nest is of such a flimsy nature that it shows housebuilding with the American bird is a comparatively . recent acquirement. One cuckoo at least retrograded and

USE FOR COTTON WASTE

German Manufacturers Put It to Good Advantage. In Germany not only is the cotton waste from all its own mills manufactured into useful articles, but waste is imported from all sections of the globe, the amount purchased from the United States alone being valued at $1,000,000 or more yearly. :

This waste Is worked over into a large variety of articles, and constitutes an important feature of German industry. Some of it goes into coarse towels, digarags, scrubbing -cloths, blankets, quilts, flannelettes, cloth to be printed, twine, rope, bagging, etc., which are then exported back to the United States or sold to the Philippines. ' Germany also utilizes vast amounts of wool waste, which it mixes with cotton waste .in proportions all the way from 2 to 20 per cent..of wool to 98 and &0 of cotton, in the production of cheap hosiery, blankets, vigogne yarn,

the place between times, not to mention Keepin’ up our church work on Sundays. Could I git anybody except by marryin’ ’em that. would do as much as she does? I guess not, mister, and I'don’t have to buy no books to be learnt that marriage ain’'t a failure. I don’t want yer book, but you kin stay to dinner. and sample Martha’s cookin’. Company is all the same to her. “I excused myself, and mounting my pinto cayuse, I headed toward Palouse City.”—Washington Standard. - A Topsy-Turvy World. We find the world made to our hand. The wise men marry the foolish virgins, and the splendid virgins marry dolts, and matters in general are so mixed up that the choice lies between nice things about spoiled and vile things that are not so bad after all, and it is hard to tell sometimes which you like best or which you loathe least.—Gail Hamilton,

imposed its eggs and the care of its young on the motherly cedar® bird. Had a cuckoo’s nest been subjected to the rattling hailstorm assault which two robins’ nests under my observation withstood successfully there would not have been a shred of the building material left to tell the tale. The chances are the bird itself would have fled for thicker shelter when the first pelting bit of hail fell. It was a terrific storm, but strictly local, being confined to about one square mile of territory. One pair of robins had placed a nest at the very top of a tree. The hail tore the foliage and the wind | broke the branches about the littleé home, but the mother robin sat on | her pfecious eggs through- the terror | of it all. The edges of the nest were cut. and torn, but the body of the. structure held and the brave bird] saved her eggs. Another robin with a | home near at hand had exactly the same experience. ' . % There is a vast difference in the courage of birds—the moral courage if one may so call it. The domestic, instinct in some of them is developed[ so highly that they will brave all]| and suffer all rather than abandon]] their homes. Others apparently are| unconcerned when their nests are‘ harried, and even though it be early| in the season they will give over.alll‘E thought of offspring and appear to be| rather glad than otherwise that they| are not to be burdened with the cares) of a family. : ’ - It is pleasant to be able to say"?t’hat! the heartless ones among the songsters are very much in the minority, Man has spent time and study in ‘th effort to fix the reason for the migra tion of the birds. By far the mos poetical, if not the most satisfactory, ‘theory which can be advanced is tha; the northward flying of the birds in the spring is pr@nted by the hom'% love, as strong In most songsters hearts as it is in the hearts of huf mans. . : |

I once saw a female oriole at work building her nest. The male oriole sensibly leaves this work to his mate for his brilliant coloring would attract the attention of the foes of bird life ti: the nesting site. The mother voriol‘e had the nest about half completed. [ noticed \that she labored when she flew and that on the ground the movements weer awkward. A closer i¢spection showed that the bird had ’a broken leg. She toiled away heavily. “Have I not come thousands of miles to the old home scenes?” doubtless was the thought in her bird mind, “and must I not once more swing the cradle for my babies?” ' That devoted oriole worked painfully for an hour within my sight. -She found a piece of string at the last and wove it into the structure at the tips of the elm’s drooping branches. It was a final effort and she fell fluttering and dying to earth. I killed the oriole;, being cruel in order to be kind. ~ Once while passing through a wooded ravine, near the city, I was attacked by a mother ruffled grouse (Bonasa umbellus) locally called partridge. The assault was as sudden as a shot. I knew nothing of the bird’'s presence until I heard a whirr like a mill wheel and a Leavy body struck my knee. Startled, I sprang back and then looked down. There three feet in front of me was the grouse, with every feather on end, while she sputtered and hissed like an angry old hen that she was. Again she came at me, but I had heard of the trick before, and I paid little attention to my antagonist, but looked carefully about the ground for a sight of her little ones that I knew wire scuttling for shelter, while their parent made a diversion in their favor. I saw the last two as they disappeared under the brush. Then the mother was away like a bolt and I walked on gingerly, fearing to tread out innocent life lying close to earth beneath .the fallen leaves and boughs. . . EDWARD B. CLARK.

imitation wool eloths, etec. The aim is to make the finished product resemble wool in appearance, the less the amount of wool used the greater being the profit. The proportions and the art of mixing are kept a secret by the manufacturers. - ; / - The total amount of waste from cotton mills imported in 1907 was 72,379, 360 pounds, and the amount of exports of products from the material was 52,094,098 pounds. Of these respective amounts the United States sold 3,409, 370 pounds and purchased 6,083,701 pounds. ] ‘ There can be no high society where conversation.'is not the chief attraction; and men seldom learn to talk well when not inspired by gifted women. Women are nothing in the social circle who cannot draw out the sentiments of able men; and a man of genius gains more from the inspiration of one brilliant woman than from all the bookworms of many colleges.

* Doing as He Was Told. < It is not the plain or garden variety of huspand alone who gives his wife “as much trouble as all the children.” A very distinguished example figures in “Leaves from the Note Books of Lady Dorothy Nevill.” '“He was a great scholar and had been a traveler in the far east, and one time, after he had become a lion in English society, he was invited to one of the great country houses in which England is so rich. The visit was to last three days.. His wife carefully packed three spotless shirts in his traveling bag, and bade him take particular care to put on one of them regularly every evening. . “1 hope you did as I told you? were his wife’s first words on- his return. : ; “*‘Of course 1 did, my dear,’ he said said. ‘I put on a clean shirt every evening so with the one I started in, that makes four that I am wearing at the present moment.’ "—Youth’s Companion. -

Korean bachelors wear skirts and are not prorhoted to trousers until they marry.

BIG ROCKS GO FAR

HU;!' BOWLDERS SCATTERED OVER NORTHEBN STATES BY WIDE SWEEP OF GLACIER. ICE DECLARED 'MILES LEEP L o Congealed Liquid in Vast Quantities Flowed Far Down Mississippi Valley—Underlying Strata High- : < ly Polished by Motion. ; BY G. FREDERICK WRIGHT, A. M., LoD (Author of “The Ice Age in North America,” ‘‘Man and the Glacial Pei riod.”” Etc.) , (Copyright, Joseph B. Bowles.) ‘The story of the glacial perjod has not been half told. Its wonders are increasing every day. It is the last of the great geological epochs, and has not yet passed away. Greenland is still shivering under the rigors. of glacial conditions. With the ®xception of a narrow belt -of mountains around the southern end, the whole continent, some 500,000 square miles in extent, is stilll buried beneath ice from one mile to two miles deep; while the antarctic continent, with a still greater area, is so completely enveloped in ice that explorers have yet been able to penetrate only : the merest fringe at two or three. points. But during the glacial period proper the ice to a depth of more thanm a mile covered 4,000,000 square. miles of North America and 2,000,000 square miles in Europe. In North America the southern border of this ice field extended into the ocean off the New England coast, rising like a great ice wall out of the water, and westward

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to a Igne running through' Long Island, across New . Jersey and Pennsylvania, to Salamanca, N. Y., where it turned southwestward and, with many minor variations, reached the Ohio river 50 or 60 miles above Cincinnati, crossed Kentucky and southern Indiana, reaching its farthest extent at Carbondale, Ill.; thence northwest, it crossed the Mississippi river at St. Louis, and followed the Missouri and Kansas rivers to Topeka, where it swung northward across the eastern parts of -Kansas and Nebraska, and through 'central Dakota to near the Canada lide; thence proceeding (with a long loop where it crossed the Rocky mountains and the Sierras) to Puget sound and the Pacific ocean. "If one had approached this line during the glacial period anywhere from the south, he would have -immediately struck the conditions of Greenland, and found them continuous for thousands of miles. Alaska still retains the stumps of this great glacier, several hundred square miles being covered by the Muir glacier alone, and a still larger area by the Malaspina glacier, which comes down from Mount St. Elias. In Europe the ice ﬁeldl? radiated from the Scandinavian peninsula, extending across the North sea to southern England, and across the Baltic to central Germany and southeastern Russia. In thinking of the glacial period it should be kept clearly in mind that glacial ice is simply compressed snow. Glaciers are formed wherever there is a snowfall which exceeds the melting power of the warm season. Everyone is familiar with the fact that a snowball may be made as hard as ice by sufficient pressure in the hands. That ice in great masses could flow like cold tar or molasses or any other semi-fluid seemed, until a short time ago, impossible, and did not enter into the thought of mankind. But about 70 years ago it was demonstrated in Switzerland that the ice was actually moving down the vallays, proceeding: not like an avalanche, but creeping with a true flow, and carrying on its back and frozen into its mass fragments of rock of varying sizes, some of them being as large as a small house. Under the lee of one of these rock masses on top of the Aar glacier Agassiz built him a hut, and conducted many of his important observations. The great extent of this glacial movement in former times was shown by the distance which some of these bowlders had been carried. : In North America the transportation of bowlders by glacial ice has been even more remarkable. The backbone of Cape Cod and Long Island, a line:of hills from one hundred to two hundred feet high, and two or three miles broad, is simply a pile of bowlders and small fragments transported from New England to Canada. Ply‘mouth Rock is a glacial bowlder which journeyed from its . northern home thousands of years before the Pilgrims set out from Holland. Bowlders. from the Adirondack mountains are found upon the summits of the Alleghenies in northeastern Pennsylvania. In southern Ohio there are long belts of Canadian bowlders which can be traced to ledges of rock north of Lake Huron. Even in Boone county, Kentucky, a few miles south of Cincinnati, a number of red jasper conglomerate bowlders, some of them two or three feet in diameter, have been found, which came from wellknown ledges in Canada north of Lake Huron. Bowlders of large size from thzs.e same ledges have also been fodnd as far southwest as Keokuk, la. Bowlders from Wisconsin and Minnesota and Dakota abound in norfnern Missouri down to the Misscari river, some having recently been uncovered. Armed with these facts concerning

the former extent -of the BSwiss glaciers, Agassiz went to CGreat Britain, and came to America, and initiated those iavestigations which have shown the spread of glacial ice over the areas already mentioned. -Scandinavian bowlders cover northern Germany, and are found 700 miles southeast at Kief in Russia, .found at Tuscumbia, 60 miles up the Osage river, which comes down from the Ozark uplift to the south. They are also found on the south side.of the Kansas river as far west as Lawrence and Topeka, while windrows of them are found in central Dakota which have been derived from ledges in the vicinity of Lake Superior. = The size of these ice-transported bowlders is certainly surprising. Several in Switzerland which have been moved more than 100 miles. would weigh more than a - thousand tons apiece. The celebrated Pierre-a-Bot, a bowlder above Neufchatel, Switzerland, measured 50 by 20 by 40 feet, containing about 40,000 cubic feet; while another near Monthey contained more than 60,000 cubic feet. Ship rock, .near Peabody, Mass, ~ s a glacially transported bowlder estimated to weigh 1,100 tons; while Mo-hegan-rock in Montville, .Conn., near Norwich,” would weigh 10,000 -{ons. At Madison, N. H., there is a bowlder measuring 30 by 40 by 75 feet, which can he traced to ledges of Conway granite,- about two miles away. The so-called Judge's cave, or -West Rock, near New Haven, Conn., is formed by a transported bowlder weighing 1,000 tons, which can be -traced. to wellknown dykes of trap 16 miles to the north. BEn A granite bowlder near Lebanon, 0.,

which was- brought by the ice from Canada, measures 17 by 13 feet, with eight feet out of ground, and evidently a much larger mass under the ground. But Prof. Orton has described a mass of Clinton limestone in Freeport; Warren -county, Ohios which is = threefourths of an acre in area and: 16 feet in thickness, which has been brought several miles. The central part of northern lowa contains a great mumber of bowlders of exceptional',sfze, brought “from several hundred miles away. One -of them furnished building stone enough to construct an entire church. . - . . e

- Although these transported bowlders are'such striking witnesses to the slow but majestic movement of glacial ice during the glacial period, they are by no means ‘the only ones. ~ As the ice slowly crept. over the surface fragments of rock became frozen into its lower strata, and bowlders, gravel, sand and clay were dragged alony beneath it, furrowing and scratching and polishing the surface of the rock to-an astonishing. degree. Almost anywhere over this glaciated area the removal of the soil will reveal scratched and polished rocks under neath. The direction. of the scratches and the grooves shows the direction «n which the ice was moving at the time they wer‘g made. This was, in the main, outward, toward the margin of the glaciated ‘4rea. which we have described, but there were miny curious variations. ‘ln cenfral Ohie the direction of the glacial scratches is southeast, whereas on the islands in the western part of ‘Lake Erie it is very-nearly west. At Logansport, Ind., extensive grooves and scratches have been found where the movemeiit is toward the north, This variation in the direction of the grooves and scratches indicates that there * were eddies in the ice, such as are found in the current of a deep, slow-movin(z stream of water. The grooves on the islands in the western end of Lake Erie are among the most remarkable in ‘'the world. One groove, in hard corniferous limestone, was about. 20 feet broad and eight feet deep, extending for a long distance across Kelley island. The surface of this groove is most finely polished, corals and other fossils being cut off as sharply as could be done by any graver’s tool. The direction of these grooves in the bed of Lake Erie is evidently due to the fact that the depression of the lake diverted. the ice movement in its closing stages in the direction of its longer diameter toward the mnatural outlet on the west. . . :

On Keeping Happy. : ‘There is no doubt some selfish satisfaction in yielding to melancholy, aand fancying that we are victims of fate; in brooding over grievances, especially if more or less imaginary.- To be bright and cheerful often requires an effort; and in this respect, as in others, we require to watch over and manage ourselves, almost as if we were somebody, else.—Sir John Lubbock. G ‘ " Stone Founts in Gardens. No matter whether your garden is of the wide reaching Italian made sort or is just a natural bit of ground coy?red with untrained flowers, you should have a stone water basin in it. These artistically hewn rocks have become popular with the owners of country places, even small ones. One great merit of the pretty accessory is that it attraets birds. - et Shrewd Anna.. “Has Anna many friends?” “Yes, but she’s only calling o those who own automobiles or sum mer cot* ~es, now.”—Detroit Fres Press. . -

. - AN EARLY VICTIm. : k 4 3 -G < | ; i el &P .- !‘h_,_,\ " “ SR ! 1 R B "3' *What is the matter; Jack?” “Boohoo! .Catherine says she's decided I ain’t he_r affinity after all!™

i\SUFFERED TWENTY-FIVE YEARS. With Eczema—Her wimb Peeled and Foot Was Raw—Thought Amputation Was Necessary—Believes -’ Life Saved by Cuticura. - “I have been treated by doctors for twenty-five' years for a bad case of eczema on my leg. They did their best, but failed to cure it.- My doctor had advised me to have my leg cut off. At | this time my leg was.peeled from the ! knee, my foot was like a piece of raw | flesh, and I had to walk on crutches. [' I bought a set of Cuticura Remedies. | After the first two treatments the { swelling went down, and in- -two | months my leg was cured and the new skin came on. - The doctor was. sur}prised and said that-he would use Cuticura for his own patients. Ihave ! now been cured over seven years, and | but for the. Cuticura Remedies I ; might have lost my life. -Mrs. J. B, Renaud, 277 Mentana St., Montreai, | Que.. Feb. 20, 1907.” |

" Value of Brief Rests. : } It overworked homemakers whose .nerves' are* “worn to frazzle edge” would acquire the habit of sitting or lying absolutely still, relaxed and motionless for five or ten minytes twice a day, they would soon see improve-. | ment. The mind must be relaxed, worries dropped, thoughts wandering te ‘ p]easant things. You * will probably , try this sever:! times before you get it right, ‘but after a little practice you will find that it*yields large re--1 turns, ‘far surpassing the sacrifice of ’ the time it takes to practice it. ' Everybody Pleased But the Consumer. “Yes, “he had some trouble with his eves,” said the,celebrated oculist. “Every time he started to read he would read double.” - “Poor fellow!” remarked the sympathetic person. “I suppose that interfered .with his holding a good 'po- . sition?” . . ‘ : ' ; “Not at all:- The gas company en? | gaged him and gave him a lucrative {job reading gas meters.”—Stray Sto- | ries. . e -

0 An Open Question. Editor—Are you a good critic or & bad speller? ' : Musical Reporter—Why 'do = you ask? B o ¥ 3 : Editor—Because in this report of Signor Growlini you say“he is a base singer and that the orchestra soloist is a vile player. i - Lewis’ Single Binder — the - famous straight 5c cigar, always best quality. Your dealer or é,ewis"Factor)', Peoria, 111. ' With the numerous courts in sesslon these are trying times. " . Mrs. Winslow’s gooth:n: Syrup. For-children teething, softens thd gurus, reduces in flammation, allays pain, cures wind-colic. 25cabottie. People waste a lot of valuable time fn foolish arguments. - s

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