Ligonier Banner., Volume 43, Number 11, Ligonier, Noble County, 4 June 1908 — Page 2

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~—s (O any observing tourist who might journey around the globe the various - types .of sea and Tiver craft that he would see on such a trip are as dis- ; tinctive as are the costumes of many of the countries he would travel through. ) : Few Americans there are who are not familiar with our present styles of water, craft, such as the common rowboat and sailing yachts, but there are many Wwho, if told that these boats set down on some foreign stream would excite considerabie curiosity, would be greatly surprised. ° However, if they would stop to consider that these boats were evolved from the primitive crafts of our forefathers and that the various conditions in different lands would make these boats impracticable, the surprise would be somewhat tempered. First, let us consider the gondola of Italy, renowned in song and story. The gondola has probably beén drawn oftener than any .other boat on record. Crank and black and dismal, with

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the bright steel !beak on the lofty prow, this boat does not appeal so successfully to the nautical mind as it would seem to do to the artistic and poeti{gal one. But on the miles of canals in the city of Venice this craft is peculiarly adaptable. The gondola was formerly the only means of getting about the city, but it is now being displaced in part by small launches. The ordinary gondola is 30 feet long and four or five feet wide, and is flat-bottomed so that the draft is light. The bottom rises slightly above the water at the ends, while at the bow and stern slender ornamental stem and stern pieces reach tosabout the height of a man’s breast. There is a covered shelter for passengers in the middle of the boat which is easily removable. In accordance with ;}nediaeval regulation gondolas are painted black.’’ The gondolier stands erect with his face toward the bow and propels the boat with a forward stroke, making his way through the narrow and often crowded canals with amazing dexterity. < ; ty . Throughout the islands of the Pacific the canoe is a -common sight. Strictly speaking the canoe is a light boat designed to be propelled by a paddle held in the hands withopt any fixed support, although in some cases canoes may be seen that have an auxiliary sail to be used under favorable conditions. 2 The canves most commonly seen in the waters of the Hawaiian islands are built from a single tree trunk hollowed out with an outrigger as seen in the illustration. Wonderful sailors, too, are the natives who in them often undertake long sea voyages, far out of the sight of land, and passing from one island to another. £ : The canoes of Samoa are built of several pleces of wood of irregular shape fastened together and cemented with gum to prevent their leaking. The coasts of the mainland of Siam, Burmah and China also swarm with canoes. While the catamaran s a type of water craft that may be seen .in several coudtries, each type as a rule has its distinctive féatures. The cata-

ODD SOUTH AMERICAN ANIMALS

Ferocious Big Frogs—Huge Rats and & Toothless Curiosity.

Many curious: animals haunt the marshy parts of South America north of the pampas. Frogs big and fesocious (the ceratophyrs) given to making vicious springs when closely approached; the capybara, a cavy “contented with the bulk of a sheep;™ the

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maran is & favorite of the Chinese fisherman and the larger streams of that oriental country are well populated with these boats. They are constructed of two narrow canoes fastened together ‘and propelled from the stern with a long, narrow oar. In its originalform the catamaran consisted of three logs, the middle one being the longest, lashed together. It was used by the natives of the Coromgndel coast, particularly Madras, and ; also in tﬁ%l West Indies and on the coast of South America. ; : ’ The Fiji ' islanders developed the catamaran,' idea in their war canoces, which consist of two parallel logs joined together with a platform on which a mast is placed. These boats are safe and also very swift. ; The ftying proa of the Ladrone islanders is another type of the catamaran xgade with. two hulls of unequal size. The larger hull, which carries the rigging, is perfectly flat on one side and rounded on the other. On this are placed bam-. boo. poles projecting beyond the rounded side, and to their ends is fastened a boat-shaped log one-half or one-third the size of the larger hull. This prevents eapsizing as effectually as the Fiji double canoe. Both ends of the proa are made alike, and the boat is sailed with either end first; but the outrigger is always to windward. Against a head of wind the proa is kept away till the stern approaches the wind, when the yard

WHY THE BOY WAS BAPTIZED

At a little luncheon given on tlge day before his departure for Europe to Joseph Cowen, the English Zionist, the subject of apostasy came up and one man, to illustrate its prevalence, related that only a few days ago the first child in the home of one of New York's wealthiest Jews had been baptized because “the parents hoped by that means to remove an obstacle in the way of the boy’'s progress.” This recalled to another man at the table a story told at Basle by the late

Along the forest margins troops of peccaries are often met with, occasionally the jaguar, sometimes the puma, likewise that toothless curiosity the great ant bear, long in claw, long nosed and remarkably long tongued. Very plentiful too are those’ “little knights in scaly armor,” the quaint, waddling armadilloes; long toed ja canas paee about upon the floating Lr: familiar .Mnt is the great jabi-

ru, a stork with a preference for tue desolate lagoons, where it may often be -observed statuesque on one leg and wrapped in prospection.—Exchange.

Convenient Arrangement. . Dorothy lis five years ‘old and longs supremely to join the gay democracy trooping by every morning to the public school on the next block. Incldentally, she keeps the family informed of school affairs after they have been refashioned in her Infant min¢. The other day she hurried her

== is swung around, and what was the stern be.comes the bow. Proas are from 40 to 65 feet long and six or seven feet wide, and are said to attain a speed of 20 miles an hour. (g The junk is the distinctive type of Chinese marine architecture, a somewhat unprogressive sciencd among the celestials. Even before the Christian era, John Chinaman voyaged from port to port in vessels of this build and rig. The salls are made of matting and are .reefed in much the same way as a Venetian blind is raised. The junk is built along the lines of an oriental slipper with the curved keel for the sole and the drop aft for the heel. The common river boat or sampan is on the even more famillar mcdel of the inverted flat iron. The modern large junk is a good sea boat and will ride a severe typhoon in safety. : On the streams of India may be seen a type of rowboat which somewhat resembles our American craft. It is, however, -of clumsy construction and the oars, which are lashed to

weoden uprights fastened to the sides of the boat, overlap each other. The natives, however, are expert in the handling of the craft. In southeastern India, near the BStrait Settlements, an odd sailing c¢raft may be found. This vessel is rigged with four sails, the larger one set slightly to the front of the center, while two others of still smaller design are set one at the prow and the other midway between the two. The smallest of the sails is rigged at the stern and is intended to aid in steering the craft. On the rivers of England and Ireland may he seen several types of the wherry, which is very popuiar in these waters. - Oars are used to aid the single sail in the smaller boats of this type but the Portsmouth wherry, used in the open sea, has a mainsail and rejoices' in a topmast and a topsall. * The Turkish caique is a familiar object in the Sea of Marmora and among the islands of the Aegean. She is distinguished by her peculiar mainszil, which is a combination of a fore-and-aft sail and a square sail. : . Pages of interesting reading might be written of the many peculiar boats which may be foumd the world over. While the essential principle of boat-building must necessarily be similar, various nations and tribes have developed the idea along different lines until to-day the various styles and types of water craft can be numbered by the hundreds. : : 1 !

Dr. Theodor Herzl. At a dinner party, so went the story, given by Mr. Stocksen Bonds, a precocious child asked the father: “Do all people turn into Jews when they grow old?” ‘“Na, my boy,” answered the father, who had renounced his faith and..gecome a Christian before the little fellow was born; ‘“no, my boy, why do you ask?” “Well, father, we children are all Christians, you and mother are Christians, but grandfather, who just came from Russia. he's an awful Jew.”

mother to the window to observe a very elegant and severe-looking lady passing by. “That’s the very headest lady at the school,” explained the would-be schol: ar, importantly. “They send you to her when you're maughty, an’ she opens the window an’ sticks you hal out, 'n’ 'en she shuts it down on you while she spanks what hangs inside.” ~—Lippinzott's. i Italy a little before Hannibal’s time, was able to send into the fleld nearly

’HOUCE WHERE MARK TWAIN'S i HERO LIVED TORN DOWN. Hannibal, Me.,, Where Place Stood, ‘Unconscious of Its Greatness— Anecdote of House and of the Two Mark Twains. - Hannibal, Mo.—Huckleberry Finn’s ancient habitation in North Hannibal, near the river front, has passed from the earth. Since Hannibal has admitted that Mark Twain was - really a great man it has taken particular pride in the “hoary-héaded” domicile and the revenue derived from postcards showing the structure would havq built a much better -house. R. H. Coons, the owner of the property, recently had the “Huck” Finn home tarn down to erect a row of modern flats, which will have, it is hoped, a livening effect on the ;| somewhat dreamy district of North Hannibal. A characteristic story is told in connection with the house. One summer day a gentleman from the. east came to Hannibal to secure data for a Mark Twain story. He could find Holliday "hill" easily enough without a guide, because it towered up to the sky on the north end, and prevented the town’s further extension unless the good citizens take a notion to tunnel. : An ice man was asked for thé direction to Huck Finn’s cottage. . “Never heard of him,” said the native. ‘“He sure don’t live in these parts.” e The stranger went west a block and accosted a boy with a fishing rod on his shoulder. : “He don’t run with our crowd,” he said. “Maybe he lives down by the bridge.” 3 “I'm not looking for Huck Finn himself,” said the vi§itor.' “He's dead, but

“Then you might try the- graveyard,” replied the boy. ' “It’s up yonder—the stones is marked, I reckon.” Presently a citizen came along who could furnish the information. Huck’s home was onlY two blocks from where the ice man said “he didn’t live in those parts.” In the basement door stood a black “aunty,” with her hands restihg on her hips. She wore a tricolored handkerchief on her head. “I knows,” she said; “you’s one o’ dem relicky hunters.”

“I'm engaged in gathering some material in reference to Mark Twain,”

A gl e Al ﬂi;;a e h”;e% .~ Pl T 3 H— ;el T \R’ : House Where Huckleberry Finn Once Lived. said the easterner, pleasantly, “and as this is—" “Well, you’ needn’'t go no furder,” said the big aunty hospitably. “He’s right heah.” ‘ ‘“Who’s here?” “Mark Twain.” " “In this house?” “To be sho!.” ;

“What’s he doing here?” asked the surprised visitor. . “Ah doan’ know, but yo’ kin cum in an’ see.” :

She led the way to another underground apartment, and, with pride, pointed to something on a pallet. The stranger’s. eyes, gradually becoming accustomed to the semi-light, distinguished an infant pickanniny busily endeavoring to swallow its glossy arm. As the two eame and stoad by the bed it suspended operations and thoughtfully regarded them out of ' two big white eyes. o “Quite a baby,” said the guest. , “How'd you come oto call it Mark Twain?” : :

“Da tole me if Ah did that, Mistah Sam Clemens, wot used to lib heah, would sen’ ’imh sumthin’ nice.” DI heY” : & “Ah reckon Mistah Clemens thot hit was nice,” she said, doubtfully; “he sent ’im a raazer an’ a lookin’ glass.” “Mr. Clemens was grateful?”’ “Mebbe so. And he writted to my ole man sayin’ if the raazer did what he expected he’d be pleased to sen’ a tombstone fer th’ baby.”

Will Breed Alligators.

One thousand alligators, ranging from the length of a lead pencil to monsters that could crushi a man in their jaws have arrived from the southwestern part of Louisiana and were landed loose in a new ‘gator farm in East Los Angeles. They were brought in a specially arranged freight car over the Southern Pacific.—Los Angeles Times.

Cheap Gas Production.

Prof. Blau of Germany has discoveréd a new process of developing illuminating gas that may be bought by the bottle at the rate of 15 cents a pound. A 22-pound cylinder at 15 cents a pound would give a 50-candle power light for four months used four hours a day. That is to say, the cost would be 1 1-7 cents an hour, or, say, $1.25 a month, or even less.—Brooklyn Eagle. _ Future for Egypt. . An Egyptian paper says that the native families pay an average tax of $4.65 an acre, or 28.5 per cent. of the crop. Foreigners and land companies hold 655,000 acres. Through their insolvency and liguidation, and the redistribution of ‘the estates formed since” 1902, it is probable that large amounts of gold may be unhoarded. Much the Best. i “What is the best thing fdr a poet to have?” asked the bardlet, “a deep knowledge of human nature, a temperament that enters into the emotions of others or a natural gift for saying things beautifully?” “All your guesses missed,” replied the veteran rhymer. “The best thing for a poet to have is a job.” e : : ¥ 3 m ' All Keystones. ; - Every stone In an arch is a keystone, though the name is usually ap el sl W O g el

RAILROAD TO FORT CHURCHILL.

Locomative Whistle Will End Romance

of Canadian North.

Ottawa, Ont.—Civilization will agaia reach out a long steel arm of railway to snatch from the Indian and trapper & huge chunk of the wilderness. The dominion house of commons has voted approval to a project to build a line to Fort Churchill on the westward of the Hudson bay. This marks the beginning of the end of the Hudson Bay Company’s rule of the northwest territories, a monopoly which the fur traders have held since 1656.

Sufficient funds for the project will at once be appropriated, in spite of the opposition of the Hudson Bay Company. Its completion means speedy access to all to the furred riches of the frozen north and a new out-

s s> HUDSON 5 y BAY Ny ~ ) &3 - 4STPAULY J/ e * ' W (| LG oLI i Q & . £ PES MOINES| JCHICAGO 20 Terminus of Projected Railroad. - let for the hardy wheat of the Canadian plains. Fort Churchill is one of the few trading posts still maintained and governed by the fur monopoly. It is situated at the mouth of the Churchill river, where the canoes of the trappers from the inland lakes slip silently. down each spriig to exchange their cargoes of pelts for the coin and rum of:his majesty’s servants. It is 900 miles north of Duluth and 400 miles from the nearest railroad station. Water connections by means of the river and a score of inland lakes make the fort the key to the commerce of the provinces of Kunwatin, Saskatchewan, Athabasca and Northwest Alber ta. From Fort Churchill large canoes and small steamers can go 800 miles into the interior. The country is the home of the musk ox, the polar bear, the walrus, the brown bear, the caribou and moose. It is one of the richest game coun_tries in the world. TO REPORT ON ALASKAN COAL. Wallace Atwood, Going to Territory ; for Government. Washington.—Wallace w. Atwood, who has been appointed to estimate the value of coal in Alaska and report on the best site for a coaling station

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in the territory, for the United States geological survey, iis an instructor in geology and physiography in the University of Chicago] He spent two years investigating the mineral deposits and mines of Alaska. Mr. Atwood was graduated from the University of Chicago in 1897 and has held positions iw the United States geological survey and the state geological surveys of New Jersey, Wisconsin and Illinois.

West Has Not Had Due Share.

' Since the United States government began to patronize expositions, down to the Jamestown fair, congress has appropriated a total of $28,752,251 for world’s fairs, of which only $485,000 has,been spent west of the Rocky mountains, at the Lewis and Clark exposition.

From Life.

The Actress—ln this new play I'm supposed to die from a broken heart. Now; how am I to know how-a person with a broken heart behaves? The Manager—Tl'll tell you what to do. You study the author of this play after he sees the first rehearsal.—lllustrated Bits. v : Population of St. Petersburg.. According to statistics just issued the malq inhabitants of St. Petersburg outnumber the female by 124,000. The total population of the capital is now 1,454,704, showing an increase of 230, 000, or nearly 19 per cent., as compared with the census of 1900. ; San Francisco’s Pride. i Since the earthquake and fire at San Francisco 9,800 buildings have been erected and 4,000 others remodeled. The disaster destropsd 28,000

HINTS FOR THE MOME €OOK. eware of Undertaking Menu Beyond -the Capacity. = . Those who know what tastes good -Amnd understand combinations of food that are appetizing often write delightful menus, and close off with the statement that this simple dinner, or luncheon, as it may be, is easily prepared. The experienced will see; however, that the work demanded is far beyond the strength of most mistresses or the skill of the average maid. The impossibility of. " serving the courses where one person must be both waitress and cook is also evident to the initiated. In fact, the available means of serving a menu must be taken into account, ‘as well as the palate and pocketbook. ' Othewise things that should be hot will be cold and cold dishes' will be:unappetizingly lukewarm. : : - When invited guests are expected jt would be better not to serve over three courses and have -each as near perfection as skill and care can make them. When a woman must be her own cook and waitress and act as ‘hostess as well, she should avoid: fried foods and anything that must not be delayed a 2 moment in serving. The young mistress receiving her guests in a light silk and stepping back. intothe kitchen to fry croquettes for their dinner is a pleasing fiction in the chapter on dinner giving made easy, but a dinner of roast beef and vegetables or something -else-that can be kept hot a few minutes without injury is much more practical. *. - If a kitchen is as neat and-clean as a tidy housekeeper is apt to have her own workroom, a pretty white wash waist and skirt are the best to wear when finishing cooking the company dinner. The advice bear reiteration which warns against un&ertaking anything in the menu for guesvs that is unfamiliar, Try it on the family at least once and see if it be within your ability as a cook. i ’ NOODLES FOR THE SOUP. Time Used for Their Preparation ls Spent to Advantage. i The good old-fashioned chicken noodle soup is hard to beat, if -the hoodles are home-made. The trouble is too many modern cooks will not take the time for the necessary -rolling, without which the paste is worthless. To make them, mix two well-beaten eggs, with enough flour to make a stiff dough and knead until smooth. If a very white paste is liked, only the whites of the eggs are used. . Divide the mixture into equal parts and roll each into a;round ball, which is then put on a well-floured board for rolling. A glass roller by its smoothness of surface is excellent for this part of the process, as the noddles must be rolled until the cakes are almost transparent. : : s

The cutting is likewise important. the old-fashioned method of having noodles too long for graceful eating is not to be commended. = :

* Before cutting; dry off each sheet of the paste with a napkin; then divide it into halves and quarters and pile them one on top of the other so the edges aré even. Cut into narrow strips with sharp knife. ‘The more threadlike the noodles are the better. Set them away to dry and they are ready for soup. o For fancy shapes the paste may be cut with shatp tin cutters. e * ' Essential to. Good Slaw. : The first essential of good slaw i the cabbage itself, which must be well bleached and- solid. Then it must be finely shredded and crisped by allowing it to stand in ice cold wdter. Before serving drain off the water, pour over the dressing and toss up lightly with a fork., The best dressing for slaw is made with the yolks of four eggs beaten smooth; add, in turn, and mixing well,-two teaspoonfuls each of salt, pepper and mustard, a liitle cayenne, and one-fourth cupful of sweet cream. Bring three-fourths of a pint of best vinegar to the boiling point; add:one cupful of butter, and stir until mixed with -the vinegar; then pour over the egg mixture and beat thoroughly. Allow this to get cold before using. ; < Tea Biscuit. : For tea biscuit set at one o'clock sponge made as follows: Put into one quart sifted flour a teaspoonful gugar, a heaping teaspoonful salt and a tablespoonful each butter and lard. Scald a cup sweet milk. Dissolve onehalf cake compressed yeast in a little lukewarm water, add to the milk, cooled to lukewarm, and beat into the flour. Mix well, then cover and let rise. When light, roll into a sheet about half an inch in thickness, and with two round cutters of different sizes stamp out an equal number of each, putting the small ones on top of the larger, with a little melted butter between. Let them stand about an hour to rise again, them bake. =

Simple Cleaning Process.

Many of us embroider linen or lawvn shirt waists, or Hnen center pieces and doilies, for our friends. Many of us, too, though naturally neat, will find our . work soiled before it is finished. But if one desires to make up the material or give it to a friend without washing, it may be made perfectly clean by sprinkling thickly with French chalk and rolling’ up for.a few days. ‘The chalk may then be easily shaken out, and an immaculate gift presented without destroying the original finish of the fabric. I know from experience that this is as efficacious as it is simple.—Harper’s Bazar. Spoon Cornbread. ; :

Over half a cupful of cornmeal pour a pint of hot milk and bring to a boil together. Add a saltspoonful of salt and stir in two tablespoonfuls of buts ter. Let it stand till lukewarm ,then add four eggs well beaten, but not gseparated, turn into a buttered baking dish and cook half an hour in a quick oven. This is delicious eatén with maple syrap, - e Eian

Onions (French Style). Peel a dozen small onions of equal size, put them in a well-buttered fryfng pan with a’little soup stock. Let them simmer gently by the side of the fire, taking care to often turn .the onions so as to glve them an even color all round. When cooked urnl with meat. e e

i GALLANTRY. S (= . GF 3\ N ONR2 . D & ; 4\> Y s \ : it _ 4 I /e "& . J \_‘ Weary Willlam—Excuse me, miss, but -I see that you have had a tiff with your lover, apd he has left you. Allow me to escort you home instead. NO SKIN LEFT ON BODY. Por Six .Months Baby Was Expected to Die with Eczema—Now Well —Doctor Said to Use Cuticura.. “Six months after birth my little girl broke out with eczema and I had twe doctors in attendance. There was not & particle of skin left on her body, the blood oozed out just anywhere, and we had to wrap her in silk and carry her on a pillow for ten weeks. She was the most terrible sight I ever saw, and for six months I looked !for her to die. I used every known remedy to alleviate her suffering, for it was terrible to witness. Dr. C—— gave her up. Dr. B—— recommended the Cuticura Remedies. She will soon be t:;'g“ years old and has mever had a 2 of the dread trouble since. We used about eight cakes of Cuticura Soap and three boxes of Cuticura Ointment. James J. Smith, Durmid, Va., Oct. 14 and 22, 1906.”

An Indignant Editor.

Last Saturday evening after sewing two patches em our Sunday trousers and cleaning and pressing them we hung them out to dry. An hour later we found that they had been stolen. This will explain why we were not in our accustomed place in church on Sunday. The human being who will deliberately steal a pair of trousers from the editor of a weekly paper, and knowing that they are his only pair for church-going, deserves a worse fate than our indignation will allow us to mention. It seems to us as if civilization had b turned back half a century.—Ho:ilown (Pa.) Banner,

When death, the great: reconciler, has come, it is never our tenderness that we repent of, but our severity. —QGeorge Eliot. 7 Smokers appreciate the quality value of Lewis’’ Sinﬁle Binder cigar. Your dealer or Lewis’ Factory, Peoria, 111. ; The fairest of all things fair om earth is virtue.—Shakespeare. : 5 ¥ k e ———————

2 of - 3 érh‘»;’”’::ﬁz:, [ y —r? ‘3{; 'v! i - a eag fi A L S A\ . More proof that Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound saves woman from surgical operations. Mrs. S. A. Williams, of Gardiner, Maine, writes: “1 was a great sufferer from female troubles, and Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound restored me to heaith in three months, after my physician declared that an operation was absolutely necessary.” Mrs. Alvina Sperling, of 154 Cleybourne Ave Chlpgago, fll., writes: - et suﬂfere3 from female troubles, a tumor and much inflammation. Two of the best doctors in Chicago decided that an operation was necessary to save my life, Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound entirely cured me without an operation.” FACTS FOR SICK WOMEN. For thirty taiem Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound, made from roots and herbs, has been the standard remedy ' for female nls{ and has positively cured thousandso women who have been troubled with displacements, inflammation, ulceration, fibroid tumors, uteg:’ltannea. periodic pains, backache, that bear- ! %4% rvompn;stmmn. orne Why don’t you try it ? Mrs, Pinkham invites all sick women to write her for advice. She has Asuide(l thousands to health, dress, Lynn, Mass.

CARTERS| SoizFo i They.horelie;c Dis- - m tress from Dyspepsia,inIf IVEg e pen M PILLS. |si “Drowsiness. Bad H Tastein the Mouth, Coasey e . SMALL PILL, SMALL DOSE. SMALL PRICE, CARTERS| Fac-Simile Signature WiVER I IVER | oot ' 'REFUSE SUBSTITUTES. o PNRAT 7 P w PILESESS ‘*ANAKESIS** DT