Ligonier Banner., Volume 39, Number 27, Ligonier, Noble County, 29 September 1904 — Page 7

HIS LETTER TO THE DEMOCRATIC NOTIFICATION COMMITTEE. VIEWS ON PUBLIC POLICIES * . Says the Tariff, Imperialism, Honesty in Public Service and Economy in Governmental Administration “Are Paramount Issues. Judge Parker’'s formal:letter of acceptance to the democratic notification committee is a document of some §,OOO words, and is addressed to:Hon. Champ Clark and Other members of the committee. In the opening paragraph Judge Parker says he wishes his remarks made at the time of his notitication to be considered a part of his formal-response. Continuing, he says: “‘Grave public questions are pressing tor decision. The democratic party appeals to the people with cenfidence that its position on these questions will be accepted and indorsed at the polls. While the issues involved are numerous, some stand forth preeminent in the public mind. Among these are: Tariff reform, imperialism, economical administration and hon“esty in the public servicé. I shall briefly consider these and some others within the necessarily prescribed limits of this letter. . * Imperialism. . ‘“While I presented my views at the notification proceedings concerning this vital issue, the overshadowing importance of this question impels me to refer to it again. The issue is oftentimes referred to as constitutionalism vs. imperialism’ . “1f we would retain our liberties and constitutional rights unimpaired, we cannot permit or tolerate, at any time or for any purpose, the arrogation of unconStitutional power by the executive branch of our povernnient. Weé shouid be ever mindful of the words of Webster: ‘Liberty is only to be preserved by maintaining constitutional restraints and a just division of political powers.’' " Continuing on the same subject, he says: ‘““The people of the United States stand at the parting of the ways. Shall we follow the footsteps of our fathers along the paths of peace, - prosperity and contentment, guided by the ever-living spirit of the constitution which. they framed for us, or shall -we go along other and untried paths, hitherto shunned by all, following blindly new ideals, which, though appealing with brilliancy to the imagination and ambition, may prove a will o’ the wisp, leading us into difficulties from which it may be impossible to extricate ourselves without lasting injury ‘to our national character and institutions?"’ - The Tariff and the Trusts.

Turning to the subject of the tariff, and the democratic demand {or reform in that line, he says: 2 “Tariff reform is one of the cardinal principles of the democratic faith, and the necessity for it was never greater than at the present time. It should be undertaken at once in the interest of all our peole. I)"Th(’ Dingley tariff is excessive in many of its rates, and, as to them at least, unjustly and oppressively burdens the people. It seeures to domestic manufacturers, singly or in combination, the privilege of exacting excessive prices at home and prices far above the level of sales made regularly by them abroad with profit, thus giving a bounty to foreigners at the expense of our own people. ' It levies oppressive and unjust taxes upon many articles forming, in whole or part, the ‘'so-called raw material of many of our manufactured products, not only burdening the consumer, but also closing to the manufacturer”the markéts he needs and seeks abroad. Its unjust taxation burdens the people gernerally, forcing them to pay excessive prices for food, fuel, clothing and other necessaries of life; It levies duties on many articlesnot normally imported in any considerable amount, which are made extensively at home, for which the most extreme protectionist would hardly justify protective taxes, and ‘which in large amounts are exported. Such duties have been and will continue to be a direct incentive to the formation of huge industrial combinations, which, secure from foreign competition, are enabled to stifle domestic competitiomr and practically to monopolize the home .market. - “Even now the-argument most frequently .urged in behalf of the Dingley tariff, and against tariff reform generally, is the necessity of caring for our infant industries. = Many of these industries, after a hundred years of lusty growth, are looming up as industrial giants. In their case, at least, the Dingley tariff invites combination and monopoly, and gives justification to the expression that the tariff is the mother of trusts. ! . : “For the above-mentioned reasons, among others, the people demand reform of these abuses, and such reform demands and should: receive immediate attention. ~ln the words of our platform, we de-’ mand ‘a revision and a gradual reduction of the tariff by the friends of the masses, and for the common weal, and not by the| friends of its abuses, its extortions and discriminations.’ 3 Trust Remedies. “I pointed out in my earlier response the remedy which, in my judgment, can effectually be applied against monopolies, and the assurance was then given that if existing laws, inclu_din% both statute and common law, proved inadequate, contrary to my expectations, I favor such further legislatign, within constitutional limitations, as will best promote and safeguard the interests of all the people. ‘‘Whether there isany common law which can be applied and enforced by the federal courts, cannot be determined by the president, or by a candidate for the presidency. * ; “The determination of this question was left by the people in framing the constitution, to the judiciary and not to the executive.. The supreme court of the United States has recently considered this question, and, in the case of the Western Union Telegraph company vs. the Call Publishing company, to be found in the one hundred and eigln.y-flrst volume of the United States supreme court reports, at page 92, it decided that common.law principles could be applied by United States courts in cases involving interstate commerce, in ithe absence of United States statutes specifically covering the case. Such is the law of the-land.” - - Reciprocity. =

‘He says teciprocity is demanded by the best interest of both manufacturer. and consumer, and that reciprocal trade treaties would enure to both.- He quotes extensively from President McKinley’s last address at Buffalo to show that he appreciated the fact that the so-calléd ‘“‘standpat” policy must give way, and that there must be a reduction of duties to enable our manufacturers to compete in foreign markets. Continuing, he says: “The persistent refusal of the republican majority in the federal senate to ratify the reciprocity treaties negotiated in pursuance of the policy advocated alike by Mr. Blaine and Mr, McKinley, and expressly sanctioned in the Dingley act itself, is a discouraging exhibition of bad faith, - As already mentioned by me, the exorbitant duty imposed on many an imported article by the Dingley tariff was avowedly intended by its author not to be permanent, but to serve temporarily as,

Back Talk. He—lt’s ridiculous for you women to talk of intuition and all that. She-—Not as ridiculous as to talk of a man’s common sense, for any sort of sense in a man would be most uncommon.—Philadelphia Press. . Just Like a Woman. : Biggs—l see that a Kansas man has just married a spinster who owned 900 chickens. Diggs—That’s just like a woman; if she can’t get a husband by fair means shie will by fowl.—Chicago Daily §ews. _Ambiguous. ' - “And so you like Miss Learned, Louise?” : “Yes, indeed,” replied the enthusiastic Louise, who had just returned from an autograph hunting expedition, “and you can’t tell by talking to her that she has a bit of sense, auntie.”—N. O. Picayunea. 2 o , i Easy to Tell. When the woman who has been away for the summer calls on the one who 't, #ven a weary man'ca beuwg' P 4 4 %fifiéflm&fin@ JorlrpalFßEE SRS RGNy Pheie 5

a maximum, from which the federal government was empowered tg offer a reduction, in return for an equivalent concession on tke part of a foreign country. - President MceKinley undertook honestly to carry out the purpose of the act. A number of reciprocity agreements were negotiated, which, if ratified, wou.d have had the twofold result of cheapening many imported products for American consumers, and of opening and enlarging foreign markets tc American producers. Not one of those agreements has met with the approval of the republican masters of the senate. Indeed, they did not even permit their consideration. - In view of the attitude of the present executive, no new agreement need be expected from him. Nor does the republican platform contain a favorable reference to one of the suspended treaties. The reciprocity clauses of the Dingley act seem destined to remain a monument of legislative cogenage and politicil bad faith, unless thHe people take the matter in their own hands at the ballot box and command a reduction of duties in return for reciprocity coneessions.” . Independence for the Filipinos. “In some quarters it has been assumed that in the discussion of the Philippine question in my :response, the phrase ‘self-government,” was intended. to mean something less than independence. It was not intended that it should be understood to mean, nor do I think as used it does miean less than independence. However, to eliminate all possibility for conjecture, I now state that I am in hearty accord with that plank in our platform that favors. doing for tHe Filipinos what we have already done for the Cubans; and I favor making the promise to them now that we shall take such action' as soon as they are reasonably prepared for it. If independence, such as the Cubans enjoy, cannot be prudently granted to the Filipinos at this time, the promise that it shall come the moment they are capable of receiving it will tend to stimulate rather than-® hinder their develor ment. And this should be done not only in justice to the Filipinos, but to preserve our own rights; for a free people cannot withheld freedom from another people and themselves remain free. The toleratipn of tyranny over others will soon breed ‘contempt for freedom and self-government, and weaken our power of resistance to insidious usurpation of our constitutional rights. ‘“The statute relating to civil service is the outcome of the efforts of thoughtful, unselfish and public-spirited citizens. Operation. under it has frequently been of such a character.as to offend against the spirit of the statute, but the results achieveq ' even under a partial enforcement of the law, have been such as to both deserve and command -the utterance of the democratic party that it stands committed to the principle of civil service reform and demands its just and impartial enforcement. Panama Canal.

‘““An Isthmian canal has long been the hope of our statesmen, and the avowed aim of the two great parties, as.their platforms .in the past show. The Panama route having been selected, the building of the canal should be pressed to cempletion with all reasonable expedition. ‘““The methods by which the executive acquired the Panama canal route. and rights are a source of regret to many. To them, the statement that thereby a .great public work was assured to the profit of our peovle is not a sufficient answer to the charge of violation of national good faith. They - appreciate that the principles and healthy convictions' which in their working out ‘have made us free and great, stand firmly against thle argument or suggestion that we shall be blind to the nature of the means employed to promote our welfare. They hold that adherence to principle,. whether it works for our good or ill, will have a more beneficent influence -on our future destiny than all our -material upbuliding, and that we should ever remember that the idea of doing a iwrong to a smaller, weaker nation that ‘we, or even all manqud, may have a resultant good is repugnant to the principles upon which our government was founded. . ‘“‘Under the laws of the United States the duty is imposed on the executive to proceed with due diligénce in the work of constructing the canal. That duty should be promptly performed. Pensions for Our Soldiers and Sailors. ‘“The national democracy favors liberal pensions to the surviving soldiers and sailors. and their dependents, on the ground that they deserve liberal treatment. It pledges by ' its platform adequate legislation to that end. But it denies the right of the executive to usurp the power of congress to legislate on that subject. Such usurpation was ‘attempted by pension order No. 78, and effect has been given to it by a congress that dared not resent the usurpation. It is said that ‘this order was made in the performance of a duty imposed upon the president by act of congress,” but the provision making the imposition is not pointed out. The act to which the order refers, which is the one relating to pensions to civil war veterans, does not authorize pensions on the ground of age. It does grant pensions to those ‘suffering from any mental or physical disability, or disabilities, of a permanent character, Inot the result of their own vicious habits, which so incapacitates them. from the performance of manual labor as to render them unable to earn a support.” This “specified requirement of incapacity is in effect set aside by order No. 78 as to all persons over 62.

“The war closed nearly 40 years ago. In the meantime many of our soldiers and sailors long survived the age of 62, and passed away without receiving any pension. Skillful pension attorneys hunting through the statute failed to find ihere a provision giving a pension to all who had reached 62. Many prominent veterans urged the justice of congressional action giving a service pension to all veterans. Bills to that effect were introduced in congress. And not until March of this year did anyone ever claim to have made the discovery that the president had power to treat the statute as if it read that-when a claimant had passed the age of 62 years he ‘is ' necessarily disabled one-half in ability to perform "“manual Ilabor and therefore entitled to a pension. '““The present pension commissioner indicated his view of the order when in a recent address he thanked the president for what he had done, and advised his hearers to use their influence that a law might be passed to the same effect. Full confidence after all seems not to have been placed on the defense of justification, for it is pleaded in mitigation that a former democratic president did something- looking in that direction. Even if that were so—which is not admitted—our present duty.K would be none the less plain and imperative. Our people must never tolerate the citation of one act of usurpation of power as an excuse for another. The first may possibly be due to mistake; the second, being based on the first, cannot be. In explanation, however, it should be said that the order rellec&,on simply provided that the age of 75 years should be regarded as evidence of inability to perform manual labor. Few men are able to perform manual labor at that age, but nearly all men are at 62. The first order Is based on a fact that experience teaches, the othier is based on the assertion of that which is not true as a general rule. 7 .

‘“The old Inqguiry: ‘What are you going to do about it?’ is now stated in a new form. It is said by the administration, in reply to the public criticism of this order, that ‘it is easy to test our opponents’ sincerity in this matter. The order in question is revocable at the pleasure of the executive. If our opponents come into power they can revoke this order and announce that they will treat the veterans of 62 and 70 as presumably in full bodily vigor and not

The Umpire’s Turn. “Charley, dear,” said young Mrs. Torkins at the baseball game, “doesn't that man in the blue clothes run, too?” “Not till after the game is over. Then he runs and hides.”—Washington Star. : Recognized His Style. Mrs. Newrich-—And who is this by? Picture Dealer—That is a chromo, madam. : 5 . “Oh, yes; of course it is. Now that you mention it, I recognize his style.”— Detroit Free Press. ~ Highly Praised. ~Meeks—Why don’t you try Dr. Quackem’s elixir of life? A friend of mine who took a bottle of it praises it to the skies. Weeks—Yes, and a friend of mine who. took three bottles of the stuff is now up there somewhere.—Chicago Daily News. ; “Feel” to Coral. : Judges of coral say there is a “feel” to the genuine article that the imitation lacks. Real coral has a waxy ‘feeling, while the imitation is as hard ‘as marble to the touch.—N. Y, Post.

entitled to pension. Will they authoritatively state that they intend to do this? If so, we accept the issue.’ “This suggests the suspicion, at least, that the order was made to create an issue—that it was supposed to preésent a strong strategic position in the battle of the ballots. . But as the making of that order was, in my judgment, an attempted, though perhaps unwitting, encroachment upon the legislative power, and, therefore, unwarranted by the constitution; the challenge is accepted. If elected, I will revoke that order. But 1 go further and say ‘'that that being done, I will contribute my effort toward the enactment of a law to be passed by both. houszes of congress and aporoved by the executive that will give an age pension without reference to disability to the surviving herces of the civil war; and under the provisions of which a pension may be accepted with dignity because of the consciousness that it comes as a just due from the people through their chosen representatives, and not as largess distributed by the chief executive. . Reform in Governmental Expenditures. : ‘“Twenty-eight years have passed since the democratic party of the state .of New York in copvention assembled, recommended to the :national democracy tihe nomination of Samue!l J. Tilden as its candidate for the presidency, and declared it to be ‘their settled conviction that a return to ‘the constitutional principies, t‘r_ugal expenses and administrative purity of the founders of the republic is the first and most imperious duty of the times—the commanding issue now before the people of the union.” This strong expression was called forth by the national expendithres for the year 1875, which amounted to $274.000,000—a situation which, in the opinion of a majority of our people, justified an imperative demand for reform in the administration of public affairs. As the expenditures of the last fiscal year amounted to the enormous total of $582,000,000, it is evident that a thorough investigation of the public service and the immediate abandonment of useless and extravagant expenditures are more necessary now than they were then. This astounding increase is out of all proportion to the increase of our population, and finds no excuse from whatever aspect we view the situation. ‘The national democratic platform declares that ‘large reductions can easily be made in the annual expenditures .of the government without impairing the efficiency of any branch of the public service’ Can there be any doubt of the accuracy of this statement? Between the expenditures of the year 1886, amounting to $242,000,000, and those of the last fiscal {'ear —the seventh after Grover Cleveland ceased to be president—aggregating $582,000,000, there is a difference so great as to excite alarm in the breasts of all thoughtful men. Even excluding the sum of $50,000,000 paid for the Panama canal rights, and to the state of Panama, the expenditures of the last fiscal year exceeded the sum of $532,000,000, being more than double the expenditures of the government for all purposes during the first year of Mr. Cleveland's administration, ‘““The expenses of the first four years succeeding the last democratic administration amounted to the enormous average of $511,000,000 per year. This large oxpenditure was due to a considerable extent to the cost of the Spanish-American war, which occurred during that perisd; but the termination of that war brought no relief to the treasury, for the average annual expenses of the government, during the three subsequent years ending June 30, 1904, were about $519,000,000,- which is the largest sum hitherto reached during a like period, since the close of the civil war. T ‘““This draft upon the revenues of the country has had the effect which might have been anticipated, and now we have presented the ‘reverse of the situation, which led to the famous observation: ‘lt is a condition, and not a theory, which confronts - us;' for, although the present incumbent found at the close of the first fiscal year, during which he assumed control of the administration, a surplus of receipts over expenditures of more than $91,000,000, there was an excess of expenditures over receipts at the close of the last fiscal year of $42;000,000, and the official monthly reports made by the treasury department show that the expenditures are continuously and rapidly increasing, while the receipts are diminishing, : “In this connection it is interesting to note the recent administrative orders forbidding government officers from making public .any statement of estimates:- on hich future appropriations are to be based. - “If a man of ordinary intelligence and prudence should find in the operating expenses of his business such a tremendous percentage of ihcrease, would he not promptly set on' foot an inquiry for the cause of the waste, and take immediate measures. to stop {it, especially when trusted employes have been found dishonest and convicted, and a widespread impression exists that a thorough investigation may discover other cases of malfeasance? When the chief executive reported to congress that, ‘through frauds, forgeries and perjuries, and by shameless. briberies, the laws relating to the proper conduct of the public service in general, and to the due administration of the post office department have been notoriously violated * * * [’ there was a general .popular Femand for a rigid, sweeping investigation by congress, in addition to that undertaken by the executiver himself. Such an investigation the republican majority in congress would not permit, although the minority insisted that the interests of good government demanded it. And the minority was right. The liberality, . patriotism and national pride of the ' people should not be made an excuse for waste of the public funds. Official extravagance is official crime. 2 % S =

“There is not a sentence in the republican platform recommending ‘a reduction in the expenditures of the government; not a line suggesting that the increase.in the cost of the war department from $34,000,000 in 1886 to $115,000,000 in 1904 should be inquired into: and not a paragraph calling for a thoroufih investigation of those departments of the government in which dishonesty has been recently disclosed. “Reform in expenditures must be had in both the civil, military and naval establishments in order that the national expenditures may be brought to a basis of peace and the government maintained without recourse to the taxes of war.” Conclusionh. Ameng other things which are touched ‘upon in the letter is the democratic pledge to secure to- all citizens equal protection abroad. The need of careful diplomacy in the management of the foreign relations of the government, and the democratic pledge to administer this department of the government in conformity with the principles laid down by Washington, The need of legislation in aid of Amerfican shipping, so that it may again be commensurate with American commercial interests. He pledges the democratic party to a wise and careful administration of the national statutes concerning the irrigation of the arid lands of the west, and in conclusion says: ‘““The issues are joined and the people mest render the verdict. “‘Shall economy of administration be demanded, or shall extravagance be encouraged? ‘‘Shall the wrongdoer be brought to bay by the people, or must justice wait upon political oligarchy? i SR ‘‘Shall our government stand for equal opportunity, or for special privilege?: ‘“‘Shall it remain a government of law, or become one of individual caprice?

‘‘Shall we cling to the rule of the people, or shall we embrace beneficent despotism? “If it be the wish of the people that I undertake the duties of the presidency, I pledge myself, with God’s help, to devote aél my powers and energy to the duties of this exaited office. Very truly yours, “ALTON B. PARKER.”

A Mean Slap. Miss Oldun (coyly)—When he propoded I'kept him in suspense for at least’ ten minutes. : ; : Miss Critic—Oh, I guess not. I sup~ pose it merely seemed that long to you. —Bt. Louis Republic. ' : Lives of the Literary. ‘ “Poor old Versely died last night.” “Indeed ?” “Yes, he turned ovér and died without a struggle.” “Well, he died easier than he lived, ‘then.”—N. O. Picayune. : . Japs Do Flare Up. A ‘German correspondent at Tokio writes that, while the Japanese as a rule are true to their national custom of not betraying their emotions, whether the news from the seat of war be favorable or unfavorable, there are limits to this reserve. When it became known that the Russians had sunk three transports at Ikishimaand that Admiral Kamimura had not succeeded in capturing the Viadivostok fleet, 4 mob started for the admiral’s house in the Shiba park, and the police barely succeeded in saving it from demolition.—N. Y. Post.

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BUSINESS MEN FOR PARKER They Like Democratic Candidate Because He Is Conservative and a Fine American. Telling evidence of the rapid drift of business men to Judge Parker is furnished by the New York Herald's careful poll of the New York Produce ex‘change. In that organization there is a reputed large preponderance of republican members, and during the Bryan campaigns their support was powerfully directed to McKinley, although the organization as such took no part in the. campa’gn. Whereas the exchange voted almost solidly for McKinley and Roosevelt at the last election, the Herald’s poll shows that “about one to every four and one-half will swing this year from the republican to the democratic ticket.” Six hundred and si¥ty-five members have replied to the Herald’s inquiries as to their voting -intentions; out of which number 141 who voted for McKinley in 1900 announce their determination to vote for Judge Parker. The exchange has some 3,000 members, and it is, of course, impossible to tell from these data how a majority of its. members will vote in coming elections, but, 2s the Herald observes, “these straws show which way the wind blows.” In a critical hcur of national life, when the dangerous imperialistic trend and revolutionary. innovations of the administration threaten the stability of government, an eminently sane, safe and conservative candidate cannot but appeal to the business community. The St. Louis’ Republic wisely observes that if the perilous policies of Mr, Roosevelt should find popular indorsement in November and be carried further to their reasonable and probable conclusion, the business interests of the country will suffer grave disturbance, and the consciousness of this fact by those interests is a powerful influence for Judge Parker. The accessions to Judge Parker’s strength are not marked by loud huzzas and torchlight processions. It is reason which is at work for J;udge Parker; it is business prudence and foresight, and the result is achieved quietly, becoming public only when, as in this instance, special inquiry is made.

In tne republican press the desertions from the Roosevelt standard are reflected by constant efforts to allay fear, and we find the frequently repeated statement that ‘there is no menace to business in this campaign.” Mr. Roosevelt is the ‘“menace to business’” which occasions the alarm and prompts the effort. A president’s riotous ambition to create a great-‘““world power’” and to achieve a crowded hour of glorious life for himself and to emblazon his fame on history cannot result otherwise than in the constant disturbance of business, not to say disaster. When international entanglements and war clouds darken the horizon, business is the instant sufferer. Securities depreciate and enterprise falters. : Business men do not care to see a president of this great commercial nation strut along the danger line of international complications. They do not care to see him flourish the big stick and shout across the hemispheres. They cannot but prefer the democratic candijdate because of his judicial temperament, sound judgment and safe reasoning—a man of quiet dignity and substantial parts, of great strength of character, unafraid to be conservative when conservatism is right; a man with due regard for the spirit of our institutions, for tradition, for precedent, for accepted principles, for law and, above all things else, for constitution.

LITTLE FROM EVERYWHERE. - ——“Let the democratic linesbesteadfed at every point and let our splendid leadership be followed with genuine ‘democratic zeal and stubbornness.”— Ex-President Cleveland. ——lt is said that Senator Fairbanks aever makes a speech without referring to a cemetery. The senator is always thinking about the final outcome of his vice presidential aspirations.—The Commoner. —Those ‘‘enormous gains” in Vermont simmer down to a couple of hundred more republican plurality than they had in 1900. Really, Mr. Cortelyou, was the money of the trusts prudently invested, after all?—Albany (N. Y.) Argus. : ; ——Henry C. Frick, a multj-million-aire associate of J. P. Morgan, also declares for Roosevelt for president. Frick is against letting the democrats fool with the tariff, and for good cause. He is at the top of the, steel trust.— Nashville Amerjcan, ——Republican assurance jis given that “under no circumstances will President Roosevelt seek a third term.” No, he will follow the precedent of dropping out of sight after serving part of a term obtained through aceident.—Los Angeles (Cal.) Herald.

{ THE GOVERNMENTAL § R EXPENDITURES LASTYEAR § B MOUNTED UP TO FIVE Hu ! DRED AND EIGHTY-TWO § MILUIONS, WHICH 13 NOT EQUALLED BY ANY YEAR | SINCE THE CIVIL WAR Winij THE EXCEPTION OF THE VAR i OF THE SPANISH WAR® ; ALTON.B.PARKER | ‘ !

TREASURY IS IN BAD WAY. Effect of Republican Financial Methods Should Set Patriotic Voters to Thinking. The Boston Herald does not. take a very cheerful view of the government’s financial outlook. Republican management seems to have put the treasury in a very bad way. The deficit continues to roll up a balance on the wrong side of the ledger. August shows an excess of expenditures over receipts amounting to not far from $7,000,000. This, taken in connection with the deficit shown in July, will make a total deficit of more than $25,000,000 for the first two months of the current fiscal year. The receipts for August were lighter than those for the same month of either of the two preceding years. This decline, says the Herald, has come very largely through the falling off in the imports of dutiable goods, while our imports of goods on the free list have advanced. In more than one instance the Dingley rates of duty are practically prohibitive—that is, they are so high that, instead of turning in a very large amount of revenue, they produce but a small amount of income for the treasury, owing to the limited amount imported. While the revenue last month fell far below the level for the month of August in either 1903 or 1902, the expenditures have advanced enormously. The gain over the expenditures for August of last year is 18 per cent., an increase of almost onefifth, and yet we supposethe republicans will say that the population of the country hds increased, therefore the expenditures must also increase; and a leading republican organ like the New York Tribune 'will welcome this as another step toward the two billion mark in congressional expenditures. Ours#country is at peace, there has been no material change in the conditions, as far as the country itself is concerned, from what ruled in August of 1903 and 1902, and vet, as we have said, national expenditures have advanced by almost one-fifth in a single year. On any such ratio of progression as that our national expenditures would double even their present figures inside of flve: . years. Even with such a condition to be considered, the republican party and the present administration have as yet made no declaration in favor of either economy or retrenchment. Those words evidently do not appear in their vocabulary. They welcome extravagance, says the Indianapolis Sentinel, as they think it insures the retention of a very high tariff.

HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF. Conditions Which Once Ruined the Democracy; Now Exist in " Republican Party. That was a happy comparison made by Col. Watterson in his speech at the editors’ dinner between the democratic oligarchy of Pierce’s day and Buchanan’s day and the republican oligarchy under Roosevelt, ‘“After 43 years of but twice-broken dominion,” said the eloquent Louisville journalist, “this party oligarchism is proceeding with as high a hand under Theodore Roosevelt as after but a little longer dominion the democratic party proceeded under Pierce and Buchanan, and from the same cause—the belief that it has the world in a sling and may do as it pleases.” Col. Watterson has understated the case rather than overstated it. The new republican oligarchy has powers which even that arrogant democratic oligarchy would hardly have dared to grasp. To be sure, James Buchanan could shake his finger under the nose of Stephen A. Douglas and remind him that no senator who differed from an administration of his choice had ever escaped being crushed, but he could not drive Douglas into line. He could warn Douglas to remember the fate of Rives and Tallmadge, but ‘'he could elicit only the reminder that ‘“Gen.” Jackson is dead.” :

' To-day there is not a republican senator that would dare break with the administration. With the speaker and the committee on rules dominating the house, with a coterie of half a dozen members ruling the senate, and both these coteries of parliamentary despots working hand in glove with the president, -a condition of personal government has been Téached never before known to the history of the United R R i s ok v Mr. Roosevelt did not build up this machifie. ‘But He has controlled it more absolutely, says the New York World, than any. of his predecessors in office ever dreamed of doing. He is his party, his party is the government, the world is in a sling, and they believe, as Col.: Watterson says, that they may 8o with it what they please, ik

WORKINGMEN'S INSURANCE Progress Made in Germany in This Line—Vast System Has Been Built TUp. ‘ State insurance in Germarny has in a comparatively short time attained proportions that are hardly suspected by people of other countries. Itisno long-‘! er to be regarded as experimental, | The London Times in a careful series of articles describing German industrial : conditions, which is being reprinted by | our state department in its consular re- I ports, says that it is impossible to doubt ; that the general well-being of the working classes is in a large measure due to state insurance. | | For 20 years Germany has tried general compulsory insurance of workmen against illness. Different branches of industry—mines, manufactures, building trades and hand trades—have their own insurance funds, and there are also the old registered societies. Then, to cover the remaining industrial population, there are general public funds established for the separate localitfes, grouped in districts, and if these are inadequate the local corporation itself becomes the insurance office. \ The rate of contributions depends on the rate of earnings. It varies from 2 to 3 per cent. of the average earnings of each class of workmen, but in the case of the corporations it is from 1% to 2 per cent. of the wage of the ordinary day laborer. Two-thirds of the amount is payable by the person insured and one-third by the employer. The berefit is payable for not more than 13 weeks; it includes medical treatment, drugs, etc., free, and sick pay beginning from the third day of incapacity or free treatment in the hospital with half pay for the sick person’s family. The enormous total of help rendered is shown by the fact that in 1901 aid was extended to 9,641,742 people for 66,000,000 total days of illness. The average duration of sick benefit was thus a week. As many cases of illness must have lasted a good deal longer, it woula seem that even slight and brief illnesses are compensated for. . - Accident insurance dates back to about the same period as sickness insurance, and both owe their jnception to ‘the initiative of Emperior William - L. Under the new laws the burden of proving liability rests now on the injured only in cases of intentional injury or for amounts exceeding the regular insurance payment. There are special provisions for prisoners and government officials. “Industry’” includes al! workmen and officials with a salary not exceeding £l5O ($730) a year who are employed in specified industrial pursuits. There is no claim for, compensation when an accident is intentionally caused by the injured person. Otherwise compensation is payable so long as the injured is unfit to work; in case of complete incapacity the allowance is twothirds of the previous earnings; in case of partial incapacity it is in proportion to the impairment. In case of ceath the compensation is burial money of not less-than $l2, otherwise one-fifteenth of the annual earnings and an allowance to the family, which varies according to circumstances, from 20 to 60 per cernt. of the annual earnings. : In 1901 of nearly 7,000,000 persons insured 55,000 were injured and 4,979 killed. The compensation paid amounted to $16,337,000. 4 The most recent form of industrial state insurance is that intended to relieve infirmity and old age. It applies ‘compulsorily to all persons in receipt of less than $487 a year of wages and voluntarily to those who receive wages from $487 to $730. Old-age insurance is payable at 70, whether the recipient is infirm or not. In addition to these main provisions payments are made under certain conditions on the occasions of marriage, disabling accident and death.

The allowances are reckoned in five classes, ranging from $27 to $56 in the case of old age andto $36 in the case of infirmity. The average in both classes is a little above $3O. Thetotal payments under the various classes amounted in 1901 to $25,000,000. In all, therefors, $85,500,000 a year was being expended three years ago in various forms of state or state-directed insurance. The sum is probably considerably greater now, possibly near the hundred-million mark.

Somnoform, a New Anesthetic. At a recent medical exhibition 1 London a new anaesthetic, ealled somnoform, was shown. It is a liquid whose boiling point is 23 degrees below zéro. The moment it comes in contact with the air it becomes a gas. The exhibitor broke a glass capsule of somnoform to illustrate its character. As soon as the glass was chipped there was a rush of what looked like steam, and seven pence worth of gomnoform was loose in the Queen’s hall trying to asphyxiate the exhibitors. Its great virtue, from a medical point of view, is that breathing stops before the heart when it is administered. — Philadelphia Inquirer. Policeman’s Pistols. It is for competent judicial tribunals to decide in each case of homicide committed by a policeman whether he acted within the law, his cuty and his rights. But the sentiment of the community, divided as to the desirability of inflicting the death penalty upon even the most gbandoned and dangerous criminal, is wunitedly opposed to the reckless use of firearms by policemen, and discountenances it except in cases of the most extreme urgency. Policemen. capable of tal%x{xg a captured prisoner to the cells afe more desirable than those who kill an accused persom, no matter what crime may be charged agains: him.—N. Y. Sun. =~ :

Swimming Shoes. Cork-soled bathing shoes have found great favor with young women and children who are learning to swim this summer. They obviate the greatest difficulty in the lesson of swimming—that of keeping the feet up. There is just enough cork to float the feet with a little effort on the part of the swimmer. ' Disappearance of Chipmunk, Mr. John Burroughs has called attention to the gradual disappearance of the chipmunk, s loss which he regrets, as does every other lover of the woods, but for which he says he cannot account,— Youth's Companion. : ;

NP W R oM AN r',i-’a'f-‘ léu; - : :S"‘i_) 5 wp LIS o= 3 B [ A\ . (@ &/ o ’ . THE NEAT GIRL'S SECRET. It Comsists in Nothing More or Less Than the Proper Care of All -of Her Clothes, - » We all have among our acquaintances the girl, who, without being in the least good-looking, always manages to look neat and well dressed. Perbaps she has only a small dress allowance, and whenever you happen to meet her she looks smart and attractive, while other girls with twice the money at their command too often look shabby and dowdy. What is the neat girl’s secret? Nothing more or less, says the New York Weekly, than taking care of her clothes; she has a place for .everything, and everything is kept in its place, her ribbons, gloves, handherchiefs, veils, etc., are not-all huddled together in one drawer, neither do they lie about on the tables and chairs until they are wanted. Every article of apparel is put away with the most scrupulous care, first being dusted, shaken or mended as the case may be. . There is a great difference, too, in the way in which girls put on their clothes, and very often a girl dressed in a shirt walist and plain skirt will look twice as neat as one clad in a $5O gown, the reason being simply and solely this: The one has put her dress on anyhow, the other has taken care that all shall be neat and fresh. , It is the ‘duty of all parents to see that their children are taught from their ‘babyhood, to take proper care of their wearing apparel; for the child who lets ' her clothes drop off her and tie in a heap on the floor invariably grows into the \,careless, untidy woman with whom we are so familiar. :

FOR LOVERS OF NOVELTIES. Cleverly Contrived Clocks Which ‘Are . Calculated to Attract Interest of the Public. ' Ingenuity has of late been turmed in the direction of clock making, with the result that -a number. of cleverly contrived timepieces are now in the market. One of these is .the Plato clock without hands or dials. The hours and minutes are shown in large #‘ VY /] 11 | <& N s :;% S s N VR4 D i 1 %l g,j" ‘,./3-,'.:"2; ] / LY Bbsv/ RN - I I '/I | A ‘15{4;&2 Nz e R-k X{::—_‘:_?T S sl = . TWO CLOCK NOVELTIES, Ibold figures upon revolving flaps. The elock is wound and set as an ordinary elock; its special advantage lies in tae fact that the time is seen imstantly and from quite & long distance. The se®ond ingenious novelty is an electrically propelled clock warranted to- go.for 12 months without interference. The battery, it is claimed, is easily replaced by any one. The clock stands on a base of solid wood and is covered with plate glass.—Brooklyn Eagle. Something Quite Unusual. Little Bessie was so accustomed to seeing the baby crawl around the room on his hands and knees that she thcught it was his natural mode of traveling. One day he succeeded in standing up with the aid of a chair. and Bessie, very much astonished, ran to her mother and exclaimed: *Ob, mamma, come quick! Baby is standing up on his hind legs.”

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E gowns here illustrated were l designed for the American Dressmaker by Mmé. Baker and were exhibited at the fall exhibit of the National Dressmakers’ association, recently held at Chicago. .The first is a tailor suit of white mixed and brown etamine, with lines of brown soutache braid for finish; brown satin belt; skirt cut with panel and deep yoke in one

ARTISTIC FLOWER STANDS. Late Designs in Garden and Conservatory Decorations Acdd to ths Beauty of the Plants. -The application of the artistic to the useful, the movement begiun by Ruskin and Morris, has finaily entered the field of garden and conservatory desorations, where it might be imagined from their constant associations with beauty that such ideas would have emanated. The Chicago Journal says that in place of the ugly, unadorned clay pota or their still uglier ornameéntations cf frilled. crepe and tissue paper, or the old style of painted washtubs in uss in conservatories, are now set upoa o Y - G "’ iy g = -y Z P — 2 P 7/ WS <5747 (/ P> ‘9"__.@;;' ./// . /fi? gl TR~ S g_ RTINS (N = “-\lhiufll,"le‘;_f_k“ . /":. {'fi ',(d"“ ‘s' B L —— : lf’*’.@fih R “-\\ .‘_:'-'-'—— j*;:,_:‘__i I E‘E: === I\ A/I'II"—;‘_”::—_"—_:‘L& ARTISTIC FLOWER STAND. « bronze stands tubs of highly polished woods, birded by hoops of brass. The shapes vary, ovals, squares, rectangles and circles being employed ace cording; to their fitness to the plan‘s they hold. Some of the designs in tha bronze work are quaint. Although many are original, others are repro= ductions of medieval work., The lack of monotony is favorable compared to tne old styles. : > One conservatory varies these artistic novelties with wicker baskets of divers-designs, that inclose the clay pots closely, painted green *or whits, their lighter colorings making a pleasing -contrast. under the brilliancy of i the flowers and the shining green col- - orings of the leaves, to the ble/c/k Chinee teakwood and reddish brenze of I these new plant-holders.

A rhodendron in a teakwood tub, with green bronze hoops and supports, is the most admired of all the plants in a north side conservatory. ‘

CAUSES RUSH FOR BRIDES. Canadian Government Cuts Salaries of Unmarried Men in Yukon Territory $5OO a Year. i Society in Dawson will be embellished next winter by at least a sorce of brides. This situation results from the action of the Canadian government in making a difference of $5OO a year in the salaries of married men and single men in the civil service of Yukon territory. Married men are paid that much more because of the greater cost of living where there are two to provide for. ' The new regulation became effective on July 1, when the salaries of all the single men in the Yukon territory were cut $5OO a year. The result of this innovation has been a stampede for brides. Many young men who have been content to endure the hardships of northern winters in single blessedness, while thelr sweethearts in eastern provinces awaited their return in patience, have con-. cluded that, after all, Dawson is a placs where it is not good for a man to live alone. Nearly every mail reaching Dawson containg cards annourcing wedding ceremonies in which government em-< ployes spending annual vacations in the east are participants. A Mind-Reader. “Johnnie, why don’t you ask the little girl to have a piece of your candy?”. “'Cause she looks like she would.” —Houston Post.

piece, lower part circular. The second is a tailor suit of blue pongee; vest of blue and green Japanese embroidery; skirt plain and full, laid in two box plaits in front. The' third is a tailor suit of gray checked suiting, edges piped and stitched with gray silk; vest of white silk, braided with red and gold; skirt in four gores and plaited panels, B 5