Ligonier Banner., Volume 39, Number 26, Ligonier, Noble County, 22 September 1904 — Page 2

Uruguay and Paraguay Follow South American Traditions \ s Insurrection and Violence Has Been the Marked Feature of the History of the Two Nations.

1:-“ OWN in that popularly called } [, #\®\ “hot-bed of revolutions” t> aﬁ, the south cf us, the little reé[Ei ' publics of Uruguay and ParaML L@/ guay are now taking their turn at upsetting of government, are endeavoring to, effect a new order of things by the South American time-honoﬁmeans of insurrection and violence, ich party in each country disturbed by civil strife is in the right, it would be difficult to declare, therefore let us avoid as far as possible discussion of present conditions. Letusnotmeddle in the moment’s broil, but ealmly glance at the past deeds and accomplishments of our friends at the other end of th 2 continent. ; 5 ' Way, way down lies Uruguay, tucked in between the south edge of Brazil and a jutting-out of Argentina. Two sides of Uruguay are coastline, washed to the east by the waters of the Atlantic, to th 2 south by thcse of the great La Plata river, the wonderful river that is 109 miles wide at its mouth. Uruguay is distinguished as being the smallest of the South American republics and the richest land south of the equator. Frank Carpenter thus speaks of it: “‘lts soil is as fat as the valley of the Nile, and the people step high on the stilts of self-es-teem.” Uruguay is a land of flocks and herds, a pasturage famous for wealth of streams and a climate that allows of grazing the year round. Although capable of sustaining a large population,

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thpre are less than a million inhabitants in this “richest’” region. Uruguay is small comparatively. It contains 72.000 square miles of land, an area for possession of whose rich acres vigorous warfare has been waged repeatedly. It has been an independent state since 1825, at which time the treaty of Montevideo dectared it no longer under the control of Brazil. Formerly it was a part of a viceroy of Spain, lying in the region® of the Rio de La Plata, or River of Silver, and therefore coming under notice ' of the fortune-hunting Spaniard. The La Plata was discovered as early as 1515; in 1519 Magellan sailed up-this river, and a few years later Sebastian Cabot explored its shores with the view of establishing a settlement there. In 1534 a Spanish courtier, Don Pedro de Mondoza, founded the town of Buenos Ayres, and in time this spot became the commercial center of the valley of the great river. The natives tried io stop the advance of the Spanish, but ineffectually; and presently (by 1620) all the séttlements south of the confluence of the Panama and Paraguay rivers were

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: A PARAGUAY INDIAN, fformed into a government under the name of Rio de La Plata, with Buenos Ayres for the capital city. But a rival to Buenos Ayres sprang up just across the way, over in what isnow Uruguay. but was known at that timeas ‘the Banda Orietnal (Eastern Border); the Portuguese, who already had possession of Colonia in the Banda Oriental, deciding to extend their enterprise, began an important settlement near Monte Video. but were ousted by the Spaniards, who founded the present beautiful city of Montevideo—"“the Paris of South America, the healthiest city in the world and the cleanest city on the continent.” The Portuguese did not submit tame1y to Spanish aggression, and discord between the two continents for many years. The Portuguese, noted as thzy were for ruthless slave-dealing, were hated and-feared, and finally general hostility made them relinquish their claims in Uruguay. But it was not until 1777, when was signed the treaty of peace between Queen Maria of Portugal and Charles 111. of Spain, that Portugal withdrew from the Banda Oriental. During this period Uruguay was made & province of the vice-royalty of Buenos

DIG GOLD DESPITE WAR

* According to a report received by the state .department from the American legation at Seoul, Igorea, the Korean gold mines controlled by the Oriental Consolidated Mining company are prospering wonderfully, in spite of their being in the center of the war zone. A few weeks ago J. Sloat Fassett and H. D. Perkins, of New York, and Leigh Hunt, formerly of Portland, Ore., applied to the United States government for protection for their property and employes in Korea. In answer to the representations made by the state department

Ayres, and continued ynder Spanish rule until news of Spain’s loss of prestige, caused the colonists to make concerted ‘action against her oppression. John Bull had endeavored, with no great success. to teach this lesson to them along in 1806, when trying to earry out Pitt’s project of destroying Spanish influence in South America by the use of British arms; Buenos Ayres and Montevideo were actually held fcr awhile by the English, but presently the invaders were glad to evacuate and sail away, for home. The knowledge that Spain’s glory was waning was added to when the French were successful over old Spain, and in 1810 the La Plata country made issue with the mother land. A revolution raised its head, and an attempt was made to establish a confederation of the Province of the Plata River. The dream was a great one, but the territory was ‘too gigantic, the people were not at all of one mind, and the federal system collapsed at the end of four years, the revolt beingled in what is now Uruguay. This little land, when the federation was dissolved, fell underthe jurisdiction of Buenos Ayres, whose governor at once set about forming a new confederation. The emperor of Brazil, desiring to annex Uruguay to his own domain, declared war with the Argentine Republic, and in the battles ensuing the Argentines proved themselves formidable foes both on land and sea, so formidable that Brazil was glad to

accept England's intervention and make peace terms, very willing to renounce all claim to Uruguay. The contending par?ies agreed to recognize and maintain the independence of Uruguay, and the little republic came into being. ‘ That was 76 years ago. These years, it is needless to say, have not been marked by undisturbed calm. In 1842-51 Montevideo was besieged by the combined forces of Oribe and Rosas, the latter a despot from Buenos Ayres, but the emperor of Brazil delivered the city irom the hand of the spoiler, and the nation was enabled to continue its career of independence. . ' In the last decade uprisings not a few !have interfered with peace in Uruguay. - In 1896 a plot to overthrow the governs ment was laid by prominent men within the state aided by friends in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande de Suil. For two or three years preparations wereadvanced, munitions of war collected and stored. Many sympathizers in neighboring Argentira joined the uprising, and before long it assumed a general movement against the tyranny of ‘the ruler. In various of the “departments,” government authority was entirely suspended. Montevideo was put . under martial-law, but the city did not fall under attack, guerilla warfare for awhile succeeding the garly military operations. The rebels, however, later continued effective work, and their demands for reform were backed up by no small show of power. Civil war was kept up for months, continued after the assassination of President Borda, who was slain in the street-on his way from

church. At last the country, worn out by the ravages of strife, insisted that peace be made with the rebels, and the latter were granted many of the demands heretofore refused. The new president, President Cuestas, although belonging to the old Colorado party, showed himself friendly to the late rebels, the Blanco party, and at once the Colorados began to make war upon the ruler, whom they adjudged a deserter from their. ranks. Certain officers led a military revolt against the president, and the city of Montevideo became once again the scene of bloodshed. The president came out victorious but. as Mr. Carpenter put it, only to “live upon a political volcano, alwaysin danger of assassination.” - The present executive, President Ordinez, who was elected February, 1903, is experiencing the usual uneasy hold of him that ventures to stand at the helm of Uruguay’s ship of state, and doubt~ less finds his position far from an enviable one. < Paraguay, associate with Uruguay in the early days of Spanish rule and the La Plata confederation, likewise now is going through the throes of revolution. Paraguay is largerin extent than Uruguay (157,000 square miles), but has only half as large a population. Thisinterior South American republic, nestling close to Bolivia, Brazil and Argentina, has had its share of boundary disputes as well as its full quota of internal broils. KATHERINE POPE.

the government was assured by both belligerents that the property was safe from molestation. The report received from the American legation gives some figures from the annual report of the Oriental company. It shows that the company controls 500 square miles of rich territory in northwest Korea under a concession obtained from the emperor by Leigh Hunt, They aré operating eight mines, besides a number of tributary mines worked by Ko;ge@% The total operate ing profit for 1903 was $762,315.84.

GIBRALTAR’S 200 YEARS. Taken from Spain in 1704 as an Afterthought, Now the Pride of ' . Great Britain. : On August 4, 1704 - (new style), the Rock of Gibraltar was captured by Great Britain, and it has remained in her possession from that day to this, Among the many possegsions scattered all over the globe that are comprised in the British empire to-day there is none that the nation holds with greater tenacity for reasons both of sentiment and of material interest and none that it would lose with more poignant shame and.sorrow than the redoubtable stronghold we tcok from Spain at the beginning of the reign of Queen Anne, writes Roland ‘McNeill, in the Nineteenth Century and After. : ' ' The fact that throughout the eighteenth century, when so many conquests in' both hemispheres changed hands backward and forward in successive wars and under successive treaties, Gibraltar remained permanently in the keeping -of England, might seem to prove that British sentiment with regard to it was from the first the same as it is to-day. But thisis far from having been the case. For, although at the end of 200 years of our possession of the fortress, at a time when the imperial instinct of Englishmen had become more consciously developed and more deply engrained than ever before, and at the same time more intelligently appreciative of the true meaning of sea power and alive to the strategical requirements of its maintenance, the retention of the key of the Mediterranean has become an essential article of our political creed, and it was a considerable time before the immense value of the acquisition was fully realized by British statesmen. - !

It seems strange enough to us to remember that King George I..and his ministers were ready to give up Gibraltar merely to secure Spain’s acquiescence in the arrangement by which the quadruple alliance was anxious to make some pettifogging modifications in the shuffle to territories affected by the treaty of Utrecht, but it is still more extraordinary that so clear-sighted, patriotic and high-spirited an empirebuilder as Lord Chatham himself should have made a similar offer as an inducement to Spain to help us to recover Minorca—and this, moreover, at a time when the fortréss had been in our hands for more than half a century and its vital importance to our growing maritime supremacy had already been abundantly proved in the naval wars of the period. Happily the Spaniards were as blind as ourselves to the supreme importance of the position commanding the roads from the Atlantic to the Mediterranean. $ :

The truth is, ias readers of Mahan do not need to be reminded, that the importance of sea power and the nature of the foundations on which it is based were very imperfectly grasped even by England in the seventeenth and the first half of the eighteenth century and scarcely at all by any other European power. Occasionally at intervals some statesman like Colbert in France or Alberoni in Spain had more than aa inkling of the truth, but no nation ex--cept England made deliberate and sustained efforts with a view to maritime development. Even England did so rather by instinet than by irsight. Of this blindness to the true principles of maritime policy the taking of Gibraltar and its history during the following three-quarters of a century afford a striking illustratien. Just as the vast importance of its acquisition was at the time underrated both by England and Spain so its actual capture by the former was an afterthought and (it may almost be said) an accident. It became a British possession in the first instance because at a time when we happened to be at war with one of the royal claimants to the Spanish throne our admiral in the Mediterranean happened to have no particular objective in view,rand, having failed in his only enterprise of that year, was unwilling to return home with a fine fleet that had done nothing for the honor of the flag. So he thought he might as well make an attack on Gilbral‘tar as do anything else. Nevertheless, his action has to be reckoned among the notable ‘“‘deeds that won the empire” ~and one that.on its bi-centenary de- - serves to be had in remembrance. -

IT IS GHASTLY GAMBLING. Risks Taken by English Insurance Companies on the Lives of - Monarchs. “Policies, I'll wager, are already being taken out in London on the life of little Alexis, the new heir to the Russian throne,” said an insurance agent, recentiy, reports an exchange. “The English gamble horribly in life insurance, and Alexis must appeal to them as a wonderful risk. They will pay high for him, though. i

“The insurance rates on all royal lives are a tribute to the power of the nihilists and anarqhi,sts, for they are so huge as to be almost prohibitive The rate on the king of England is enormous, and among monarchs his is the lowest rate of any. That on the Russian czar is the highest. The czar is a bad risk. Many companies would not insure him on any consideration. “But Lloyds, the great London concern, would insure anything or anybody—Prof. Langley going up in one of his flying machines, a Japanese spy about to enter Port Arthur, a Russian battleship going into battle. And hence Lloyds is willing to insure the poor little Russian heiry and a certain class of men, taking advantages of this fact, are procuring policies upon the baby’s life. i

“Gambling on lives is a ghastly form of sport, and I believe that it is practiced nowhere but in England. It ought not be practiced there. The law ought to prohibit it.. At Lloyds, however, it is always going on. Policies at Lloyds are continually being taken out on persons of eminence all over the world.” - ;

Dogs of New York. ; There seems to be no dog democracy in New York. A native says that the reason one sees only well-bred canines in the city is because there are no back alleys'to furnish provender for the wandering curs. Whatever the cauge, it is certain that a “yellow dawg” is as rare a sight in the streets as a cow or a pig. \ . His Favorite Dish, “Stonewall” Jackson delighted in buckwheat cakes, : e

THE SUNDAY BIBLE SCHOOL Lesson in the International Series for°September 25, 1904—Quarterly Review. ; (Prepared by the ‘“Highway and Byway’’ Preacher.) . | (Copyright, 1904, by J. M. Edson) GOLDEN TEXT FOR QUARTER.—"The Lord is merciful and gra.cious.”—Psa(n 103:8. The Quarterly Review. The Kings.—The quarter’s lessons have taken us over about 80 years of the history of Judah and Israel. Three lessons have been devoted to the kings of Judah—Rehoboam, Asa and Jehosaphat—and nine to the kingdom of Israel. Following the splendid reign of David“ and the magnificent reign of David’s son, Solomon, Rehoaboam, the latter’s son, came to the throne, and it was his pride and impolitic conduct which alienated the ten tribes from Judah, (the ruling house. Jereboam, the son of Nebat, became king over the northern kingdom and Rehoboam continued as king over Judah and part of the tribe of Benjamin. Kings of Judah and Israel. The following|diagram gives the kings of the two kingdoms, the length of their respective reigns and the prophets who served in Judah and Israel. Note the great number of kings in Israel and the shortness of their reigns as compared with the Kings of Judah:

SAUL (40 YRS.)R ‘ : SAMUEL j g ; 1 % i -[DAVID (20 YRS . NATHAN, R W SOLOMONGO VRIS S\ "\e"b@ e REHOCBOAM(/7 YRR Y VEroBoA7(22 V7s| SHEMAIAH. zly,}rxg% fgg,o)wr (1 CHRON. /1:2 =% )} | Aarttsan 5 eIV K T ASA. C¥r yRS> | WHE24B (=2 V7Rs) BAASHA (R 4 VRS AZARIGH. JEMU. \ (//C%’O/Y/J"/f?) C/HINGS 16, )~ 4) HANANS ‘ . . (wcwrom. 6 7-10) | WAL LZTES2 ] le JEROsArAT@s ) | 145 G K 75/ i a 7 et i, (W CHRON. 19 R-3) ) Nimcmes 549.:19-2/) The Names of the Prophets are in Black Faced Type. 3 -

The Lessons.—Of the six kings considered in the lessons two were good and four were bad, but even the good kings made grave mistakes which God did not fail to record for our instruction and warning. Note that the general tendency in the two kingdoms is downward, toward the ultimate ruin which engulfed first Israel and then Judah. The events of the lessons naturally group themselves around the kings of Judah and Israel and the prophet Elijah. For _this reason the review may well be made a character study. Note how the character of the kings determine largely the character of the nation; good kings bringing about wholesome reforms and bad kings causing great mcral and religious decline. The .lessons are full of God, of His mercy, patience and judgment on sin; of sin, its beginnings, its progress, its ultimate ruin and death; of prayer, its importance, the character of true prayer, its power and the necessity of prayer. : Review Methods.—lf the review is to be general the superintendent may assign to capable members of the school brief papers on the different kings and Elijah. If it is a class review the teacher may assign such papers to the members of the class. Or each one may be asked to bring in a written list of the kings with their prominent traits of character enumerated; as, Rehoboam—proud, unreasonable, weak yet oppressive. Jereboam—ambitious, unscrupulous, ungodly; Asa—God-fearing, conscientious, energetic, enterprising, brave, etc. Or the scholars may be interested and encouraged to cover the points in each lesson by an acrostic exercise. Take the names of the kings ~and of Elijah and after the following manner tell of the events of the les- ' sons: v

Rehoboam ruptured the kingdom, Exasperated his subjects, Heeded not wise advice, Obeyed false leaders, Boasted of what he would do, Ordered Adoram to a fatal task, Almost }ost his own life, 4 Made a failure of life. Jeroboam built cities, : Established his kingdom. Relfed on his own wisdom, Evil purposes carried out, ' Built golden calves, . $ Ordered people to worship them, Altered the feast days, - Made priests of the lowest of people. Asa allied himself with God, Sought for religious revival, - Applied himself to national problems. The above will’ give the idea and the rest of the lessons can be worked out in this manner. This method would also prove attractive and successful for a general blackboard exercise.

. FLINGS AT BOTH SEXES. Some men are mean enough to make marriage and misery co-equal terms. Many men are best satisfied when they have something big of which they can complain. Every woman likes to believe she is thoroughly honest in her convictions. As soon as ‘a man finds he is out of debq he begins to talk about big purchases. . . The religion professed by many women hinges entirely upon the ability of a pastor. i A man wants to save money for his wedding, but the trouble is finding out what necessaries he can cut out. ' »pét a girl have all the cash she wants and she begins to realize its value. Men allow women to have their way in an argument just to tickle their vanity. ; The woman who talks little usually has listeners when she says something. With the very best tailors using the plain broadcloths and unobtrusive mixtures for the fall costumes, the plaid silk shirt waist will lend a smart touch of color to the gown. Fe e

- PROGRESS IS SHOWN. 1 Manufacturers and Traders Making Preparations to Care for Increased Business. ; New York, Sept. 17.—R. G. Dun & Co.’s Weekly Review of Trade says: “Industrial and commercial progress is. sYow, but none the less definite. Low ‘temperature andfsome injury to crops provided the only adverse influence of the week, and this has little effect upon manufacturers and traders, who have started to prepare for increased business. Buyers of d%ry goods, clothing aixd millinery are notably active in placing orders, and other staple lines also feel the effect of gradually expanding confidence. Even if the offlcial crop estimates of September 1 have to -be moderately reduced because of bad weather since that date, there is full compensation to growers in the enhanced prices and the strength of securities indicates the faith of the financial -~ world. Many mills and furnaces have . resumed because of new orders or adjustment of wage scales, and prices arebsteadier in mést cases, with a general advance in footwear. It is not unusual to hear fall trade spoken of as fully equal to last year’s, although collections are not as prompt at several cities. Freight traffic blockades are not as frequent as they were at this time in 1903, yet there is occasional complaint. “Failures this week amounted to 224, in the United States, against 219 last year, and 21 in Canada, compared with 19 a year ago.”

Bradstreet’s says: ‘“While there are diverse movements in domestic and foreign trade, the tendency as a whole is for improvement along conservative lines. Buoyancy in the stock market, possibly larger manipulated, and the strength of cereal prices-are factors stimulating to trade, but the advance of the fall season, with cooler weather in some sections, and the prospect of good returns to the agricultural interests. despite the heavy shortage in the wheat vield, are all elements tending to encourage buying. The feeling in many lines is that as the season advances and the corn rd) situation beccmes clearer the need of additional 'reorders will result in a fair volume of trade, comparing better with fall business a year ago than did last springs trade with the corresponding period of 1903.

REPLY OF RUSSIA.

Notes of the Powers Regarding Contraband of War Answered by Czar’s Government.

St. Petersburg, Sept. 17.—Russia has given her answer to the American and British notes on the subject of contraband .of war. Her answer was communicated to Ambassador Hardinge Friday afternoon, verbally, by Foreign Minister Lamsdorff. The ambassador was informed in effect that according to the decision of the commission which has investigated the subject the government has agreed to view as of a conditionally contraband character foodstuffs and fuel, and that supplementary instruction had been issued to the Russian naval commanders and prize courts, calling their attention to the misinterpretation which had been placed upon the prize regulations. These instructions, Sir Charles Hardinge was informed, make a clear distinction between the articles enumerated in article six of the Russian prize regulations which are susceptible to dual use, like fuel and foodstuffs, the assumption being that if they are addressed to private persons or firms in an enemy’s port they are not intended for warlike uses; but their innocent character may be subject to suspicion if the ship’s papers and the circumstances are irregular, In effect, the new instructions will place the burden of proof that the foodstuffs, etc., are designed for belligerent purposes upon the captor. The new instructions will involve a reversal of the judgment of the Vladivostok prize court by the admiralty court in the case of the provisions confiscated.

London, Sept. 17.—This morning’s newspapers express great satisfaction over Russia’s decision concerning contraband of War,'presuming that it means the verdict of the prize court in the case of the British steamer Calchas will be reversed, and that the question raised in the specific cases of the British steamer Knight Commander and the German steamer Thea is still to be dealt with by the Russian commission. TRAGEDY IN OREGON. . Man Shoots Wife, Child, Mother-in-Law and Sister-in-Law, and Then Kills Himself. Ashland, Ore., Sept. 17.—0. E. Monroe, a young man employed as a laberer in the street department of the city, on Friday went to his wife’s residence and deliberately shot his wife, her mother, Mrs. Dunlap; his wife's sister, Mrs. Garner; his own littl‘; child, and then shot himself, dying instantly. The child is reported in a dying condition; Mrs. Garner is seriously wounded; Monroe’s wife and Mrs. Dunlap are not seriously injured, receiving only flesh wounds. Monroe’s wife had instituted diverce proceedings against him and sued for the possession of their child. :

Vacancy Filled. Lansing, Mich., Sept. 17.—T. a. ‘E. Weadock, of Detroit, was named at Friday night’s meeting of the democcratic state committee for justice of the supreme court, vice Thomas M. Bogle, of Ann Arbor, who withdrew from the ticket. / ; . Reward Offered. : Pomeroy, 0., Sept. 17.—The county authorities and Treasurer Chase have offered $l,OOO for the apprehension of the robbers who stole-$14,000 from the vault of the county treasury here last week. : Sale Will Be Discontinued. Washington, Sept. 17.—The pust office department has issued a_ general notice that the sale of the commemorative series of Louisiana Purchase exposition - stamps at post offices throughout the country will be discontinued December 1 next. Ready to Pay Money. Manila, Sept. 17. — The civil commission is prepared to pay to the Augustinian order of friars $2,076,000, gold, for the, lands in the islands held by the order. The native constabulary has been ‘reduced\to 1,200 ment.. i

ORDERED TO DISMANTLE. Russian Cruiser Which Entered Port of 2an Francisco Can’t Leave ] : Till War Ends. “}ashington, Sept. 17.—Acting Secretary of State Adee om Thursday gave out the following statement regarding the Russian ship Lena, now at San Francisco: “The president has issued an order, through the "acting secretary of state, directing that the Russian armed transport Lena, now at San Francisco, be taken in custody by the naval authorities of the United States and disarmed. The main features of the conditions prescribed are that the Lera be taken to the Mare island navy yard and there disarmed by removal of small guns. breech blocks of large guns, small arms, ammunition and ordnance stores and such other dismantlement as may be prescribed by the commandant of the navy yard; that the captain give a written guarantee that the Lena shall not leave San Francisco until peace shall have been concluded.”

This action has. been taken upon the written request of the commander of the Lena, addressed to Rear Admiral Goodrich, setting forth that as the vessel is incapable of putting to sea without needful repairs, she must disarm, and asking that needful repairs be permitted after disarmament.

The disposition of the crew will be arranged for later, although most of the members of it express the beliet that they will be allowed to return home under parocle. San Francisco, Sept. 17.—The Russian auxiliary cruiser Lena is now at the government naval station at Mare island, having departed from San Francisco bay Friday afternoon under the escort of the cruiser Marblehead. The Lena is now under the local jurisdiction of Rear Admiral McCalla of -the navy yard, the responsibility of her safe keeping having been transferred from ‘Rear Admiral Goodrich. The entix:e crew of the Lena is aboard of the Russian vessel and will doubtless be detaind at Mare island pending an official decision as to their disposition. 'The work of dismantling- the Lena will be commenced at an early date; and workmen have been engaged to place her in a seaworthy condition. The departure of the Lena was attended with little or no ceremony. -

THOUSANDS LAID OFF. Big Shops at Pullman, 111., Are Shut ‘ Down, and 7,000 Men Are Idle. Chicago, Sept. 15 —The immense Pullman car works at Pullman are shut down, and practically every one of the company’s 7,000 employesidle. Withno idea of wheth work will be resumed and with cold weatherat hand the idle workmen are alarmed. They fear a reduction in force and a cut in wages are behind the closing of the plant. They were told to take their tools with them when they left the works, end from this infer that a considerable period of idleness confronts them. The closing of the big car works at the “model city” came when the 1,500 workers in the repair department were laid off. That had been the only branch of the plantin operation for some time, and its closing left not more than 100 men at work, just enough to put the finishing touches on what little work remained on hand and to keep the many buildings in condition. A number of empioyes. believing that the shutdown of the plant will be of long duration, announced their intention of leaving Pullman and seeking work elsewhere.

The officers and most of the directors of the Pullman company are out of town at present. and little could be learned regarding the intention of the company. The shutdown of the works has been gradual during the last three weeks, two or three departments being closed at a time. .

4 TRAIN HELD UP. Five Bandits Blow Open Express Car Safe in lowa—=Said to Have Secured Large Sum. Muscatine, la., Sept. 14.—Hundreds of men, with bloodhounds, are engaged in a search for the five daring bandits who held up a Rock Island train near Fruitland station, six miles from here, at 12:15 o’clock Tuesday morning and looted the express car. One of the robbers is reported to have been seen on the bottoms across the river, and the Illinois authorities have been asked to look out for him. The highwaymen are known to have fled toward the marshy land along tae river, where natural conditions would aid them in eluding capture. The train robbed was tke through west-bound passenger, which jpft Chicago at 6:05 p. m. Monday. It was held up in a cut known as Whisky Hollow, where two years ago the Chi-cago-car barn bandits committed a similar crime. The robbers covered the crew with revolvers, had the engine and express car taken several miles along the track, blew open the safe, rifled it and fled. The passengers were not molested. The rrailroad \ and express officials say nothing of )value was secured. Others estimated the amount ‘taken at from $lO,OOO to $20,000.

Mining Engineers Meet. Duluth, Minn., Sept. 15.—The twentyseventh meeting of the American Institute of Mining Engineers began here Wednesday at the rooms of the Commercial club, with over 100 members in attendance, and having as guests prominent engineers from °Europe, Mexico and Cuba. Vi Gov. Peabody Renominated. Denver, Sept. 15.—The republican state convention renominated Gov. James H, Peabody by acclamation, Senator Newell withdrawing from the contest. 4 Would Reduce Force. * . Manila, Sept. 15.—1 t has been recommended that the force of American soldiers in the Philippine islands be reduced from its present standing of four regiments of cavalry and nine of infantry to three regiments of cavalry and seven of infantry. : : Minister Slain. ' Liberty, Ky., Sept. 15.—Rev. H. W. Hatter, 2 merchant and postmaster of Poplar Hill, this county, was shot and instantly killed T_uisda.y by Johnson Blliott, a neighboring farmer. The two men quarreled over a road site.

f " : NN .‘{’7% e :»b - 033 ‘\’Q e : LA (BT @e IS Clones : ﬁé@x‘r‘hro - ;1‘ S A\ .(\'l‘\’ ol | %L\ ot ; "‘L)’E"r?‘ g ] -(/ \l\s\ A W s "0 Py A 0 TELESCOPE FOR FISHERMEN' How to Make a Device Which Is Not Only Useful, But Affords Real - | Amusement Besides. | Before yeu decide on a pl‘aée to cast your hook it is best to look -into ‘the water to see whether any fish are there. Yes, certainly, you can look into the water and see the fish that are there swimming about, if you have the proper equipment. What you need is a water telescope.. This device ‘is made of wood or metal with one end of glass. When the glass end is submerged, by looking in ‘at the open end, ‘objects in the water are made plainly visible to a considerable depth.-In Nor}way the fishermen use the water tele'scope regularly in searching for herring shoals or cod. 2 All that -is necessary to make a wooden water telescope is a leng

LBAO Fie. 2 . @/ = - /// e ‘,2 W—— <= e T = PR ,’f/‘;f’ D ——— ‘/'.'r""'- 17‘ - Borrom ~3e— . FIG. I.—-TIN “'ATER TELESCOPE. FIG.2.—WOODEN WATERTELESCOPE.

wooden: box, a piece of glass for one end and some paint and putty for mak-: ing the seams watertight.‘Fix the glass in one end of the box, and leave the other open to look through. The National Tribune says that a tin water telescope is more convenient than the wooden gne, but more difficult to make. ,Th{“principal essential’ for this is a circular piece of glass for. the large end. - }a funnel-shaped tin horn will do for the ®est. Solder in the glass at the large end and. the telzscope is made. Sinkers, corsisting of stiips of lead, should be soldered on or near the bottomi to counteract the buoyancy of .the air contained in the watertight funnel and helps to submerge the big end. The inside of the funnel should be-painted black to prevent the light being reflected on the bright surface of the tin. If difficulty is found in obtaining a circular piece of glass, the bottom may be made square and square glass used. To picnic parties the water. telescope is of great amusement, revealing numerous odd sights in the water which many have never seen before. . - ;

PAPER MAKING IN JAPAN. Artisans of the Orient Are Far Ahead of Their European and Amer-- - . ican Competitors. ; From the bark of trees and skrubs the Japanese make scores of papers, which are far ahead of ours. The walls of the Japanese houses are wooden frames covered with thin paper, which keeps out the wind but lets in the light, aridmwhen one compares these paper-WalLedE“déll houses” with the gloomy bambooTabins of the inhabitants of the island of Java or the small-windowed huts of our forefathers, one realizes that, without glass and in a rainy climate, these ingenious people have solved.in a remarkable way the problem of lighting their dwellings and, at least in a measure, keeping out the cold. Their oiled papers are astonishingly cheap and durable. As'a cover for his load of tea when &-rainstorm overtakes him, the Japanese farmer spreads over it atough, pliable cover of oiled paper, which is almost as impervious as tarpaulin and as fight as gossamer. He has doubtless carried this cover for years, neatly packed away somewhere about his cart. The “rikisha” coolies in the large cities wear rain mantles of this oiled paper. which cost less than 18 cents and last for a year.or more with constant use. An oiled'tissue paper, which. is as tough as writing paper, can be had at the stationer’s for wrapping up delicate articles. -Grain and meal sacks are almost always made of bark p?per in Japan, for it is not easily penetrated by weevils and other insects. © But perhaps the most remarkable of all the papers which find a common use in the Japanese household are the leather papers of which the tobacco pouches and pif)e gases are made. They are almost as tough as French Kkid, so translucent that ofie can nearly see through them, and as pliable and soft as calfskin. The material of which they

are made is as thick as cardboard, but as flexible as kid:—David G. Fairchild, in National Geographic Magdzine. Protective Insect Mimicry. Protective mimicry has a curious iilustration in an insect of British East Africa described by -Prof. Gregory. Some individuals of each sex are bright pink and others are bright green, and as they sit motionless for hours sucking sap, the pink ones c%}lect on the lower part of the stem, wliere they look like drooping flowers, while the green ones take a place further out and are mistaken for foliage. : New Zealand’s Great Geyser. The world’s greatest geyser seems {0 be’'that of Rotorua, in New Zealand. A recent visitor, J. A. Warnock, states that it plays about 22 times each month, the “shots” often reaching a height of 900 to 1,200 feet, and the basin covers about two and-a half acres. One theory is that loose stones fall into the neck of a tunnel filled with hot water, clos--img the passage until the rising steam pressure forcibly ejects them. 3 College Girl. Ernie—Papa may be very bright in business, but I don't think he knows much about love affairs. He asked if my George was a good provider. ) Eva—And is he, dear? ¢ Frnie—Certainly. Why, he’s been providing me with novels, chocolates and matinee tickets for the last two years. Pa didn’t seem pleased, though. —Columbus Dispatch.” < Retort Sarcastie. . . *“l've had ten preposals this summer.” “And you refuséd him every tims?" ~—Chicago American. ] z B 4 Z =

THE MOSQUITO IS DOOMED Scientific Devices for the Destruction of the Insects Are Becoming o Quite Numerous. . A number of curious models of electrical and other devices that have been designed in America and foreign countries and employed to destroy mosquito life are described and illustrated in Popular Mechanics. Sayz this paper: “Fig. 1 gives a general idea of’one of thése devices. What looks like a big

b VR G _ Fig. 1. .

tapers up to G, and is connected to the electrical portions at H. In order to get an idea of the working of the deathdealing affair, reference should be mads to Fig. 2, where are shown the little magnetic coils (I, I). This ponderous lamp shade so-called is set up in proper con‘trivances on pole cdonnection in pools, ‘swamps, yards; or pla'ces where there are enough mosquitoes,- and the proper electrical connections are made with the coil ‘wires. The cails are about 1,000 ohms resistance with a vibrataor (J) between their poles. "A lighting globe is insertedrat the upper portion of the shade and the bright light-against the whitened surfaces is reflected strongly and attracts the unwary mosquito to his | 'doom. The candle-power of the light is about 30. Another feature of the device is the erection of some fine wires inside the shade arranged on the harp plan. . These wires are caused to vibrate just enough to emit musical sounds. ! The music is soft, but it floats on the atmosphere for considerable distance on clear nights. “Theibuzzing sounds are very like 't that ';from th__'e mosqﬁito himself, and the

soft, en- | chanting musie draws ‘ thousands of insects to the lshade. Inside the ‘shade a sticky surface, usually. made

e .

of fly-paper, is arranged. Sometimes, instead of,gummei‘i fly-paper, portious of metallic surfaces are coated with a sticky composition, on which the mosquito is pretty sure to fasten himself by legs or wings while wabbling about with eyes dimned by the strong light and with mind benumbed with the sweet strains of the harp chords. The result is that multitudes of . the insects lose their lives in the shade, and either remain therein, to be scrvaped out- next morning by’ cleaners, or to drop down to the earth of their own weight when dead. Underneath the device one sees numerous mosquitoes dead. The music attracts and stuns and causes death oftentimes. . . .. The musical soundproducing mechanism is . .. . made of a metallic frame across which s strung a set of fine steel wires. The vibrations of these wiresin mid-air, even if caused only by the draughts of wind blowing through, send forth an entrancing music that seems to attract the mos= quito to the trap. . “One of the oddest types of mosquito destroying contrivances late;y devised

I ~ , lﬁ-!i:—;-h |

cone-shaped tunnel made of wood, about four feet in diameter at the open end, tapering to about three feet at the base end, where the suction-propeller is operated. The length of the cone tunnel is about four and a half feet. Itissetup in places where mosquitoes congregate in numbers to breed. The propeller (D) is a.suction-wheel and so arranged that any light object like a mosquito coming near the open end of the cone is promptly sucked into the death-trap. The wheel is speedily revolved by the belt (E) on a wooden grooved wheel. The belt is operated by a motor below. Bhis contrivance is fixed toa post at about the elevation of ordinary tree tops; F is a stand on which is placed poisonous material, the fumes of which rise into the nostrils of the mosquitoes which are so unlucky as to be drawn into the tunnel by the air suction. Soon after starting the affair the mosquitoes accumulate, and before next morning the machine has, as a rule, piled the mosquito dead to a goodly height.” y

The Martindale Radium ‘Clock. The radium clock of Harrison Martindale practically gives perpetual moe tion through the dissipation of negatively charged rays. A small quantity of radium, supported in an exhausted glass vessel by a quartz rod, is placed in a small tube, to the lower end of which is attached an electroscope - of two long strips of silver. The activity of the radium causes an electrie current minus beta rays to be transmitted to the silver strips, which expand until they touch the sides of the vessel, when earthed conducting wires instantly discharge them and they fall together. — This is repeated every two minutes, making time in beats of that duration, and, theoretically, the action will continue until exhaustion of the radium—in this case computed to be 30,000 years in the future.—London TitBits.. ‘ . - Cases That Puzzle Doctors. ; The case of a healthy man of 61 whoss heart beats only 30 times a minute, the normal rate being from 70 to 80, has been recorded by Dr. Seiffert of Berlin. In another case reported, the beats num=bered only 22, but the patient was suffer= ing from heart disease. v A Bad Bargamn. ' _ “Did Wilkey get sway with you ol that horse dicker?” : - ~“No, but the horse did the first time 1 hitched him up.”—Detroit Free Preas,

lamp shade is made of sheet metal, painted white inside, black outside. The diame= ter at the lower edge is something like three feet. T he shade

is one in which the mosqq‘itoes are . sucked in to the deathtrapy showp in Fig. 3. There is &