Ligonier Banner., Volume 38, Number 51, Ligonier, Noble County, 17 March 1904 — Page 7

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R OR your Easter hat choose 5 L]\ anything which you thinkbe(s J coming,-and you will not be Md out of style, so varied are the 7 modes in millinery. But @ though anything is permis- = sable, three ‘shapes stand out in bold prominence and they are the turban, the tricone and the picture. Of the three the last .is by far ‘the favorite. s

For those who can well afford a hat for Easter only, or at least for the few weeks of early spring, there is virtually nothing to take the place of the Gainsborough of moderate crown, but it is vot a hat that will be so grealy in favor for ‘the entire season as some of the, smaller shapes. ' , Of the turbans will set squarely on the head, while others will be slightly lifted at the left side by means of an invisible bandeau. The smaller turbans, such as the «fashionable torpedo Shape, must, as'a rule, be worn rather tow down on the face, and, for this reason and on account of the extreme smallness of the most fashionable torpedo shapes, are less likely to meet with ‘success, as the American face is more adapted to a somewhat larger shape as well as one which is lifted a bit at the side. : The flatiron turban, whether set on straight or lifted at one side, will be used for the serviceable ready-to-wear hat or for the most elaborate confections in plaited tulle, flower trimmed, for dress occasiors. Fancy‘brims of showy combinations of white, gold or champagne on a- transparent ground will be also good for the dress turban.

| The tricorne, which is becoming to many kind of faces, will be worn in mod<rate and large sizes. Indeed, the tri-

SPRING MODES from PARIS

ARIS.—In Paris just now girls are effecting frocks of nunlike simplicity in gray cashmere fastened with an art X nouveau belt at the waistand finished with ,a collar a land cravat of fine plisse muslin or some old embroidered lawn. One simple gown of this description was so preity that it deserves special attention. It was in a soft gray fabric, a little more silky in texture than cashmere. | The bodice was eaught up in the form of a high waist, with a deep corselet band of silk, lacing up the front, with black velvet, and finished with old silver buttons. Just folded over the shoulders in Puritan fashion was a fichu

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of cream embroidered lawn, edged With a tiny Valenciennes lace, showing a\ittle, full chemisette of plisse muslin ayd a high collar finely stitched by hand, a a 2 bow of black velvet tied neatly unde the /chin. The elbow sleeves were finished with frills of accordien-plaited gray chiffen and the under cuff was of embroidered lawn, tied at the wrists with small bows of black velvet. The skirt was arranged in somewhat full plaits on each hip and fell in long, graceful folds round the feet. Black Chantilly lace will appear on the parasols as well as in the veils of the coming season. The en tout cas will be made of black and colored spotted silks, Mut it is early yet to allude to the parasol, for'an absence of sun has been conspicuous all over the continent. It is, indeed, wiser to turn one’s attention to the chiffon muff which is such a delightful substitute for fur. |The chiffon muff is an airy finish to a toilette and yet/ there is a certain

corne idea will be seen in some of the latest and best shapes for the high-class ‘millinery. T The moderate-crowned Gainsborcugh ‘and the low-ecrowned shepherdess will be equally stylish. The baby hat, the lin--gerie hat, come equally under the heading of the picture hat. The majority of the new shapes are adaptations from pictures of ‘the time of Louis XVI., so modified as to be suitable for modern faces and modern customs. Even the straight-brim turban with its quillings of lace or tulle standing up and falling down with a row of flowers t_hrough the centér to conceal the joining is a direct copy of a larger shape worn by some of the leading éourt beauties at ‘that period. | : : Flowers, lace draperies, ribbons and aigrettes comprise the range of trimming except in!the CGase of white hats on. which tasselg, cord and braid will be used. Last summer’s vogue of fruit has entirely disappeared. o ° The picture hat will have the side crowns covered with masses of flowers, particularly roses of the button variety. Then there will be the lace drapery put on as closely as possible to resemble the draped veil. Chip, tulle, lace; crepe de chine and brilliant straw and silk braids are the materials of which the picture hat will be mostly formed. Flowersand foliage will be mostly in the natural tints, the main exception to this heing the blue.rose. Small and moderate sized roses will be used, all fine flowers of the character of forget-me-nots, droopicg sprays on the order of hops, wreaths in long, equal width\ effects, garlands or rings.composed of two 4inds of flowers, such as f_orget-me.—nots and small pink roses. - ELLEN OSMONDE.

amount of warmth in it. 1t is, of course, useful to pin one’s carnations and violets to. ) Muffs have of late become very much a feature of the fashionable toilette, for they are often carried at weddings instead of bouquets. In almost every case the great big muffs of our grandmothers are fitting accompaniments tothe sprirg pelerines. S " These pelerines or fichus, I am glad to say, will have more popularity than those wide, square, inelegant looking stoles of last season. : : Taffeta will be one of the most popular fabrics for the spring and summer, both for day and evening wear. It is produced in beautiful soft shades. It is trimmed with taffeta as well as with contrasting fabrics, and although it has been in vogue for the last three years as long as early Victorian fashions last so long shall we remain faithful to taffeta. ; : !

The taffeta frock certainly requires {0 be plaited, gauged or much trimmed in some way, for, unlike satin, crepe de chine, chgiffon velours,»and such materials, whii_ch fall into folds by their own weight, taffeta has to be weighted, or it wil f)resent anything but a graceful appearapce. ;

I have just seen a pale green taffeta aress, which is worthy of note. The skirt Is arranged in heavy plaits from th'g' waist, and from above the knees, falling in folds round the feet, are enormous tucks headed with ruches. Round the waist is a swathed sash with knotted ends and little taffetaroses. These roses further adorn the pelerine collar, being intermingled with shades of palest green, many pinks, and a soupcon of pale heliotrope. It sounds a little com-, Dlicated, but the shadings are so beautifully worked together that the effect is perfectly harmonious and suits the fair ‘wearer to perfeciton. - -~ ' Then we have not dispensed altogether with the old-fashioned spotted taffeta. A large black, brown or blue velvet spot on a taffeta ground of the same color is always effective. This fabric requires but little trimming, and should be simply made.-

"The 1830 period is suggested in some way or another, in every garment made of taffeta, be it frock, mantle, or redingote. A piping of black velvet on taffefa nearly always requires a softening touch in the shape of chenille or velvet. o R

Some beautiful effects have been arrived at with shot taffetas, decorated with floral patterns in silk and chenille, Such trimmings, -however, are apt to look oid-fashioned, urless they be very cleverly manipulq.ted. Btill, they play a part in the fashions of to-cay. and toMOTTOW, and, therefore, have to be considered. ; . There are some individual womeh rho look charming in. 1830 garb—pale hades of lavender taffeta, old embroiered fichus, with the quairnt drooping ould_er, but the ordinary modern type would do well to avoid these modes. 'Hhe bouncing, healthy, athletic’ young woman of to-day looks terribly out of pface in fashions of the early Victorian era. ANNETTE GIRVY. ———e . His Worst Enemy. Briggs—Here comes C!idson. Let’s Cross over. ' : ‘ Griggs—Why, I thought he was a friend of yours. : Briggs—He used to be, but now he’s my deadly enemy. He’s the unspeakable villain whe recommended a place for me to spend my vacation.—Brookiyh Lite ¢

THE SUNDAY SCHOOL. Lesson in the lnter‘iatlonal Series for March 20, 1904—Jesus Feedsy . the Five Tthousand. : " THE LESSCN TEXT. : (Matt. 14;13-23.) : 13. When Jesus heard of it, He departed thence by ship into a desert place apart; and when the people hag heard thereof, they foilowed Him on foot out of the cities. 14. And Jesus went forth, and saw a great multitude, and was moved with compassion toward them, and He Lealed their sick. : Gt : 15. And when it was evening, His disciples came to Him, saying, Thisis a desert place, and the time is now past;.send the muititude away, that they may go into the villages, and buy themselves victuals. 16. But Jesus said unto them, They need not depart; give ye them to eat. i 17. And they say unto Him, We havehere but five loaves and two fishes. = . 18. He said, Bring them hither to Me, © 19. And He commanded the multitude to sit down on the grass, and tock the five Icaves, and the two fishes, and looking up to Heaven, He blessed, and brake, and gave the loaves to His disciples, and the aisciples to the muitttude. = 20. And they did all eat, and were filled; and they took up of the tragments that remained twelve baskets tull. 21. And they that had eaten were about five thousand men, beside women and chil~ dren, 22. And straightway Jesus constrained His disciples to get into a ship, and to go betore Him unto the other side, while He sent the multitudes away., Z 23. And@ when He had sent the'multitudes away, He went up into the mountain apart to pray; and when the evening was come, He was there alone, * GOLDYEN TEXT.—Jesus said unte them, I am the bread of iife.~John 6:35. : OUTLINE OF SCRIPTURE SECTION. Feeding Five Thousand...... Matt, 14:13-23. Feeding Five Thousand........ Mark 6:30-46. Feeding Five Thousand........ Luke 9:10-17. Feeding Five Thousand........ John 6:1-15. TlME.—April, A.:D. 29. End of ‘The Year of Public Favor.” Very soon after the last lesson. PLACE.—Capernaum (?), then a great grassss7 plain rising trom. the northeastern shore of the sea of Galilee; very likely the plain of Butaiha, not far from Bethsaida. NOTES AND COMMENTS: (Matt. 14:13, 14). ‘““Now when Jesus heard i{:” The story of John the Baptist’s death. ‘“He withdrew ... to a desert place apart:” As to the reasons for this withdrawing, be sure to read }rhe accounts of the other three Gospels. This is the only miracle related by all four. Grief over the fate of the noble man who was gone made Jesus anxious to get away from the crowd to think and pray. The murder of John meant much to Him' in every way—the shadow of the cross was beginning to fall across His own path; witpin a year He was to follow the Baptist. This was His first reason. A second reason, as Mark shows, was the return of the disciples from their mission, enthusiastic but weary. They needed His advice and ccunsel, but anything like privacy and quiet was impossible at Capernaum; the only thing to do was to get away. Itis possible,too, that the stir the new movement was making led Jesus to fear that Herod would mistake it for the beginning of a. rebellion. The account of Mark adds many details notin Matthew. ‘“The multitudes . . . followed Him on foot:”’ Jesus and the disciples went across the lake; the crowds went by land around the head of the lake. It-wasa six or eight-mile.walk. “Saw a great multitude:” He must have béen both glad and sorry to see them. That they came at all indioates the excitement that was abroad in the land.: 3

(Vs. 15-21).". “The place is desert:” Uninhabited; the nearest town was a long way off. “The time is .already past:” The time for the evening meal. “Send the multitudes away:” : For their sakes, that they might get food. The disciples were thinking of their oawn resources; they had nothing to give the people. Jesus was never resourceless. “Give ye them to eat:” A puzzlingcommand to the disciples.. Obedience seemed impossible, but Christ never commanded what we cannot do. When He commands we may be sure, either that wecan make a way, or He will make one for us. .

- (Vs. 22, 23). The first three Gospels tell us that after the miracle Jesns sent the disciples away hurriedly tc tne-other side of the lake and remained behind Himself to dismiss the multitude. This strikes us at once as beirg strange, and we ask: Why? Johr 6:14,15 makes it all plain; the pecple thought because they had been miraculously provided with food that the golden age foretold by the prophets was at hand and that the last Messianic King they had bgen expecting was come. They were about to proclaim Him king. Jesus saw their purpose, knew that such action would be disastrous and that He must take instant measures to prevent it; a single unwise move and their. enthusiasm would flame up and it would be too late. He preferred to manage the crowd en‘tirely alone, and then the departure of the disciples—next to Jesus the most im= portant persons there—would show the people that ino political move had been planned, and would turn their thoughts from a coronation to the fact that it was late and time to be going home. Jesus Himself knew that the Messiah they hoped for would never come. He could not for a momdower His own conception of His mission to make it agree with the Messianic hopes of prophets and people. He put the crown from Him; it was not hard now; that had all been fought out in the wilaerness before His preaching began. But atter it was all over “He went up into the mountain apart topray; and when the evening wag tome He was there slons.* i

CHURCH AND CLERQGY. : One of the most popular preachers in Savannah, Ga., is Rev. Lincoln McConnell, now of the Methodist church, but formerly prosecuting attorney of Atlanta. Before that he had been a detective, in which capacity he traveled a good deal. ‘ At a dinner given by Rev. H. Boswell Bates, pastor of the Spring street Presbyterian church, New York, to 75 men, all wage earners, it was voted that “a minister -has the most influence -who dresses like other men.” Only two men dissented from this opinion. One wage earner gave an account of his great embarrassment when a minister dressed in her clerical coat called on his while at his work. :

Denver, Col., is one of the few large cities in the country that have no Young Men’s Christian association building, but the lack is shortly to be removed. Mr. B. F. Woodward,a publicspirited citizen, having given $15,000 toward a fund of $lOO,OOO, and the committee having already obtained subseriptions of $25,000 more, with go6d prospects of raising the whole amount within a short time. & -

PLANS FOR BEAUTIFYING THE NATIONAL CAPITAL. ON PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE This Will Be Made the Center of Official Washington—Unsightly Conditions That Now Exist . —Other Gossi}p. Washington.—Congress seems to have made up its mind that if any more

-government buildings -are to Dbe erected they will have to be placed on the south side of Pennsylvania a'('enue, in the squares which are now disfigured by long rows of ramshackle buildings, discreditable even to the slums of a i great city. A year ago con- ¢ gress made a bad break in deciding to put the new

'S S<l ,o et/ ) »‘;’ayi;f%‘)fj 'a\\, /j “.\:{j‘ 6 ) OJM%: J’«"@%ﬁ Located the Hall of Records.

$3,000,000 hall of records down back of the war department in a location which is distant from the ordinary Ilines of travel, inconvenient of -access and unsightly. This was done because one.or two United States senators happened to hold real estate in that particular square, and it was contrived in such a quiet way that unless the measure became a law before the fourth of March, certain appropriation bills would Dbe . allowed to fail, thus making an extra session of congress necessary. ;

The general feeling of disgust over this little bit of real estate manipulation has set eongress to thinking, and nothing more of that kind is likely to happen. But there is almost equal disinclination to putting new buildings even in sites which would otherwise be available so long as Pennsylvania avenue remains a reproach to the builders of the Capital city. :

Senator Fairbapks, who reported a bill for the construction of a building to be occupied by the departments of state, justice and commerce, found somewhat to his surprise a very general opposition go the proposal to locate the new building on the square of ground just opposite the war and navy department and the white house, a proposal which would involve the condemnat\%n of an entire square, containing a number of historic houses like the Decatur house, the old Corcoran art gallery and the temporary white house, which witnessed the creation of the coal strike commission. Local sentiment and the sentiment of most of the leading men in the senate was against the proposal and in favor of selecting a site south of the avenue. Unsightly Architecture. At present in the entire stretch from the treasury to the capitol along Penn-

sylvania avenue, a distance of a mile and a half. there: are.only five buildings of any tecturalpretensions - whatever—the post office department, the Washington Star building, the new Willard and Raleigh hotels and the general offices >f thé€Southernrailway. Most of the

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other buildings are either commonplace or. positively disreputable. For nearly half .the distance, both sides of the avenue are lined -with cheap lodging houses, Chinese laundries and places of questionable reputation. Right under the shadow of the dome of the capitol is‘'a nest of shanties so wretched that no picture can give an adequate idea of their abject condition. It is written in the books that all these will have go go in order to make way for the rows of public buildings for which the necessity is growing every year more pressing, and which, when completed, will make Pennsylvania avenue the most splendid thoroughfare in any capital ‘city in the world. To complete these improvements will cost millions of dollars, but the investment will be for all time, and the outlay will more than pay for itself in the saving of rents which the government now pays to private holders of real estate all over Washington who fatten on the housing of departments and bureaus that ought to have permanent abodes. of their own. It is only within three years that the government actually contracted with a private individual to put up a costly building on an agréement to lease it for the use of bureaus in the navy for a period of at least ten years. . Tomb for Scientists. Washington is to have its Westminster abbey, if some of the scientific gentle-

men who were responsible for the transferof thebody of James Smithson.from Genoa to the United States can carry into effect the project which they have mapped out in their minds. It is proposed that the body of Smithson shall be buried in the beautiful building

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which for years has housed the institution he founded. That would be peculiarly fitting, and the building in itself would: constitute as splendid a tomb as

A BUSINESS PROPOSITION

Ancestral graves prove one of the most serious obstacles in railway making in C?l_ina, and wheénever possible the engineers have avoided them. Sometimes, says the Engineering Magazine, exorbitant prices are demanded for the removal of an ancestor’s remains, but through the influence of Chinese inter--ested inh the railway something like uniformity has been arrived at, and the averags price for a _grave is faels four (about ten Shillings). “Fené Shui” presents another obsta-

any man could wish. But with the body of Smithson there it is suggested that it would be equally fitting that the bodies of other scientists who have won great. distinction in the government service should also find a resting place there beside him. o In a short time the Smithsonian building will no longer be necessary for the purposes of, the institution. Congress is preparing to erect a new home for the National museum which is connected with the Smithsonian, and this will afford ample room for all the Smithsonian offices. The original building, one of the architectural ornaments of Washington, will then be available for any purpose to which the government may see fit to put it, and the scientific men who have been closely identified with its work for many years will do all they can to have it transformed into'a memorial hall, to contain the tombs of their most eminent associates. Alexander Graham Bell is interested in the project. So is Prof. Langley. A veginning would be made with the body of Smithson. Then the bodies of Henry, Baird and Goode would follow; and soon the thing would be an accomplished fact. = , It is not. intended that the plan shall include .memorials to men who have grown great in’ politics or war. That would enlarge too far the possible list. — Cockran in Congress. Bourke Cockran; of New York, is once more to be a striking figure in the housa

of representatives. It is ten years now since Cockran was last in the house as a Tammany man. He was regarded then as the most brilliant orator on the floor, and he had to contend §aga'inst him such oratorical stars as William J. Bryan and Isador Rayner. There is something

R 3 \-/ ‘ Bcurke Cockran.

about Cockran’s style that is all compelling' while he is on-his feet. He may not carry permanent -conViction, but the charm of his speaking is irregistible. 'When Cockran was here before he made his biggest hit by a fervid defense of President Cleveland, that fairly swept the house off its feet. That, was in the last year of Cleveland's first term, when the new election was coming on. . Four years later, at the Chicago democratic convention Cockran made another speech, which is perhaps the most extraordinary convention speech ever delivered. It was three o’clock in the morning, after the convention had been a howling mob for hours and after they had hooted down every oratorical light in the party. The confusion was simply indescribable. It was a Cleveland convention, but they would not listen even to those who tried to speak for Cleveland. When Cockran arose he had not spoken three minutes before he had the entire convention of 20,000 people as still as a church, and he held them thus for nearly an hour. It was the most brilliant attack on Cleveland as a candidate .that could be conceived, Yet it did not affect a single vote in the convention. Cockran’s speech ranks with the speeches of Bryan of 1896, of Ingersoll in 1876 and of Conkling in 1880, as one of the half dozen really great convention speeches. As a pure personal proposition it was the greatest of them all, for he mastered and held a hostile audience. Bryan simply voiced the sentiment-of his audience, as nobody had been able to do before. : 2l ; ‘ Gift of the Kaiser, Etec. A problem which is soon coming to the front is the proper disposition of

the statue of Frederick the Great, which is soon to, be landed on these shores. Evwer since Emperor‘ William announced his intention of presenting the statue to ‘the United States the officials of the administration tion have been greatly puzzled what to do with it. The president is extremely anxious that, due

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honor should be paid to the emperor’s gift, for he realizes the meaning of the complimént paid to the United States by the German emperor in mak-: ing the gift. He has talked it over with the secretary of war and the German ambassador, and it has been decided to plage the statue in the war college grounds—the old arsenal grounds down on the river near the foot of Seventh street. That is believed to be the fitting place for it, as Frederick was preeminently a " soldier, but a cmplication has arisen because thz proposition has been made to group with the statue of Frederick the statues of three other great scldiers. The names suggested are Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar and Napoleon. But there is something about this suggestion which does not appeal with. much force to the administration officials who have been considering the matter. In the first place, the proposition is a little too warlike. In the second place, there is a good deal of feeling against the idea of putting up a statue to Napoleoz‘ herein Washington. The statue of Frederick will be dedicated on the 20th of October. The president and the German ambassador will make speeches. | LOUIS A. COOLIDGE. 1 Robby Identifies Himself. “And who is this?’ asked Aunt Clara, pointing to the picture of a chubby child in skirts. “That,” said Robby, who had been wearing knickerbockers for some time, “is me when I was a girl.”—Tit-Bits.

cle. The literdl translation of the term is ““‘wind, water,” but it is best explained as a system of geomancy which rules the daily action of the Chinese as a race from the setting of a date for a marriage or a funeral to the location’of a city. The site of every city, town or village has been fixed by geomancers after consulting the oracles; each community has its guardian dragon or some such hypothetical monster, and Wwoe betide the individual who proposes to cut it in two with tunnel or railway track.

CENTRAL ALASKA SURVEYED o el Traveling Exceedingly Difficult, Game Numerous and Climate More -Kindly Than Supposed. ; Two parties from the United States geological survey spent the summer of 1903 in central Alauska. One party, under the leadership of Mr. T. G. Gerdine, assisted by Mr. R. B. Oliver, effected a topographic survey of the district, and the other, headed by Mr. L. M. Prindle, made a geologic reconnaissance of the same field. The topogzraphic party, which included nine men and 12 horses, left Eagle City, on the Yukon river, on June 21, and traveled westward for about 100 miles. The trail leads up the valley of the middle fork of Fortymile river to Joseph creek, then up this creek to its source. Here the divide is crossed and the trail continues down the Goodpasture river. On leaving the Goodpasture river the party continued westward, crossing the headwaters of the Salcha and Chéna rivers, until th=2 Tanana was reached. A few ‘days be-: fore they arrived at Fairbanks on the Tanana river, where are the newlydiscovered diggings, a forest fire was encountered that proved a serious abstacle. to progress in work and travel. This fire had been raging for several weeks and had burnt over hundreds of square miles in area. From Fairbanks the party proceeded in a northeastward direction, passing‘through the Fairbanks and Birch Creek gold fields and ending their labors at Circle City, on ‘the Yukon river;

- Triangulation was carried westward along this route from longitude 111 degrees to the Tanana river, and - observations and data were collected that will enable the survey to compile a map of a large area lying between the Y n and Tanana rivers in central he geologic party included Mr. Prindle, a cook, a packer and seven horses. Work was begun at Eagle, on the Yukon river, on June 16, ani finished at Fairbanks on September il. The purpose of the work was to gat as clear'an.idea as possible of the present condition and future possibilities of the country from an economic viewpoint, and at the, same time to Ilearn something definite of the geology of specific gold-bearing formations. With this object in view all the active mining camps were visited and many localities were examined where prospecting is in progress.

The region visited includes the mining districts of Fortymile, Seventymile, Birch Creek and Tanana. The Fortymile and Birch Creek gulches were worked long bhefore the days of Dawson and Nome, and many a miner after failure at the latter places has returned to make a living at the old diggings. The Tanana district is a comparatively new field for mining endeavor and has attracted men from all the older camps. " Traveling in this region presented no serious difficulties. The country is of a plateau-like character, furrowed by canyons. By keeping on the broadbacked ‘ridges between the stream courses, good progress was made and the mobility of the pack train was greatly increased. The water was low most of the season and the streams were usually forded without difficulty. There are many caribou in the hills during the fall and winter months. Hundreds of them were seen along the trail from Eagle to Birch Creek, anid from there to Fairbanks Creek, and it was most interesting to watch them feeding quietly fn the green mountain valleys and exhibiting only curiosity in the presence of men. In some camps these animals are killed in the winter and kept in cold storage during the hot summer months in the old mine shafts, where, at a depth of 20 feet, the frozen ngls sgarkle with ice crystals and the ‘conditions are most favorable for the preservation of the meat. The climate of central Alaska is much more kindly than is generally supposed. The guich life of the miner is every year becoming more comfortable, ‘by reason of the increasing frequency of small vegeiable gardens, where lettuce, radishes, turnips and potatoes are grown, which, together with an abundance of the native blueberries, cranberries, and occasional red raspberries, add materially to one of-the greatest pleasures of life in J4\&l.&lska“¢—-a good meal. - ’ ﬂe droug}it of 1903 brought hardsip of more tli;an one kind to the Alaskan miner. (ot only did his vegetab!e garden suffer| but his placer interesis as well.. As +he placer miner is dependent upon| an adequate supply of water, the hdt, dry weather of June and July worf&ed considerable injury to the miners in much of the area traversed by the Prindle party. But in spite of drought, short seasons, poor ~means of communication, high prices, exorbitant freight rates, and duties to ‘ pay at the boundary, many men are ‘making a living in that portion of our possessions and ‘are awaiting more or less impatiently the time when bettcr conditions will prevail. ' The Kiwi. . In New Zealand is found the kiwi, a strange bird of the ostrich family. Ostriches have two toes, but the extinct moas had three toes; so also have the existing emus, cassowaries and rheas or South American ostriches. The kiwi, however, differs from the other struthious birds in having four toes. Further, the kiwi cannot be said to be quite ostrichlike, for in size it is not larger than ‘ an ordinary barnyard fowl. It has a ‘small head, with a Jarge and muscular i neck and a long, slender bill, with the distinguishing feature that the nostrils are placed very close to its tip. The legs are short, but the muscles on the thighs are well developed and the feet are strong and powerful and provided with s%larp claws. It is a bird devoid of any external trace of wings, and there is no trace of tail visible, while it is covered with long, narrow, hairlike feathers, and on the<fore part of the head and sides of the face are straggling hairlike feelers. o :

Translated Brethren. The development of names under the influence of foreign environment is shown in the recent experience of a lawyer who was endeavoring to locate the heirs of a German family named Kline, who had been over hére scarcely more than a generation. Two brothers were supposed to be the sole descendants, and he finally found one in San Francisco under the name of Little and the other in Boston, known as Mr. Small. -

THE PRESIDENTIAL POWER. Ir-portance to the People of the Nomi~ nation of Candidates Who : . Are Safe. : - The United States, when they adopted The constitution, placed extraordinary power in the han@s of the president. To him wa# confided the .veto power, giving him the authority to decide what laws sfiall become operative. He is commander in chief of the army and navy of the United States and of the militia of the several states whem called into service. He has power to make treaties and all the diplomatic power in relation to.foreign nations rests in his hands. He appoints.all the officel’s of the govermment, civil and military. He has power to convene congress. in exiraérdinary session and in case of a {isagreement about adjournment, between the two houses of that body, e may adjourn congress to such time as He shall think proper. The minor powers of the . presideut round out and make almost autocratic the extraordinary/powers above cited. In the hands c{t conservative and well-balanced presicents, . these tremendous powers have resulted generally in the welfare of the people of the United States. The voters have always been extremeiy eareful in putting forward candidates for the highest office, and until party nominations became, the rule no mistakes were made. Partisan polilics'and the ruie of the few, through organization and the expenditure of money, has, since the party rule usurped former -methods, forced the selection®of some presidents who were not up te the high order of former days. »

The voters of the United States only indirectly have to do with the selection and election of president. " They vote for electors, who under-the present party system, are pledged to elect the candidates the party conventions have nominated. Nor have the voters any direct voice in the nominations, they merely elect precinct delegates to county conventions, who in turn elect delegates to district conventions and these select the delegates to the national convention, so the people are three degrees' removed from actual power. o i ;

Viewing the vast prerogative of ore who is elected president. how carefully the voters should watch and ward all the steps necessary to obtain a safe man. ; : . .

The republicans through ring rule, are now saddled with@ candidate that a minority at least do not want and many will not vote for. The .leaders feel they are taking desperate chances -in allowing the nomination of =~ Mr. Roosevelt to go to, him in default of opposition. In forcing him, four years ago, to take the nomination for vice president, they have ~saddled themselves with an old man of the sea that now cannot be unloaded. - The president, with all the patronage and power of his office, 'is now ‘beyond their power to turn down. They will have to grin and bear it. - What an opportunity this offers.to the democrats who, with the twos<thirds vote, can .compel the majority to pay heed to a respectable minority ‘protest. ‘ PROMISE AND PERFORMANCE Repubilcans Do Nothing Beyond Passing Appropriation Bills for Themselves. The claim of the republican party that it is “the party that does things,” hardly a_gree's with the “let well enough alone” policy, upon which the elections were fought last fall. The majority that controls congress is doing nothing but pass the appropriation bills and even many of the promises made in the last republican national platform have not been redeemed. Monopolies have not been restrained; the trusts are still working on full'time. Thereciprocity treaties, made with so much noise and expense by Mr. Kasson, have never been ratified. The bills-for the relief of the laboring men are still being fought over in the committee‘and it is safe to say will, if favorably reported, only pass the house of representatives for political effect. Shipsubsidy, that was promised to the ship trust, has been again postponed until after election; for which the taxpayers must give thanks to the resolute opposition of the democrats who have stirred up the voters so that republican congressmen ‘‘fear the people.” , The pleading of Secretary Taft for {ree trade with the Philippines gets no response. from “the party that does things.” The republican majorityin congress saysi- 2 e . “Yes, we recognize the need; the islands are sadly cramped for want of trade facilities and ina year or so we will do something about it.” 22 There is one thing that “‘the party that does things” never omits and that is, to make extravagant appropriation;. “The old flag and an appropriations” is still the battle cry of these patriots.

THEY CLAIM EVERYTHING. All That Remains for the Repﬁblican Party to Do Is Amend the Old Testament. . o Representative Sheppard, of Texas, was piling it upon the republicans in the excellent speech which he made the other day on the tariff question, for claiming all the prosperity under the sun,saysthe Johnstown Democrat. - “Why, Mr. Speaker,” said.this fervent young Texan, “‘the next thing I expectto see is some republican rising in his place here ard proposing to amend the Old Testament. I expect some prophet of prosperity will rise in his place and move to strike the name of the Deity from the first line of the first chapter of the Book of Genesis, so that it willread: “‘ln the beginning the republican party created the- heavens and the earth.” ” . 0 . : : Here {s just a small part of what the strenuous Mr. Roosevelt has cost the country during his brief but gloriou_s reign: SRR Improving and furnishing white - ROUSE (i iiainio s sliaibivini. 387,000 Refurnishing, Mdyflower, president’s - AYBONES e i e 0000 Office buildirg at white-h0u5e..,..... 65,000 Cost of keeping two ships ready this ; summer for gresident‘s u5e......... 25,000 Refitting Marflower in 1902 and 1903 for president’s use......icviivanse.. . 65,000 COSL IR WORY . o G e 30,000 Cost of keeping Mayflower and Sylph G AR AMBAR el s i i 00,000 He now wants $lOO,OOO more for stables and when he gets them he will think of something else to add tc*the duxury of bis surroundings.. . - .

SHIP-SUBSIDY “G&AFTERS." The Old Gang Planning a Legalized . .Raid on Uncle Sam’s ’ g ; strong-Box.;; A §o - — % =~ 'The fact that the old ship-subsidy gang of grafters have again made their appearance in Washington and are making a more determined éffort than ever before to break-into Unecle Sam’s treasury, and ‘that a commission -will be appointed to-,draft a -plan Tor this congress to pass at its short session, ywhich will legalize: the raid ‘upon the treasury, calls attention to the results of ship-subsidy 'expe'ri;mems in other countries. No countries,’in proportion to their population, have paid greater subsidies to the shipping interests than have France and Italy. And no countries afford better examples than do these of the failure of 'this means of reviving shipping. 2 The French ship subsidy system dates from the year 1881, and was rearranged 'in 1893. The payments in the year 1896 (the latest date containedin the United States special consular reports) were: L 420 y ) . Franes. For bounties to navigation.......... 9,547,729 For bounties to construction:....... 4,106,348 ifor p05ta1.5ub5idie5..................26,183.000 TOtal covirninennieneeseienennsn...29.s64,o6B Thus the yeariy payment from the French treasury for the encouragement of shipping reached in 1896, an average year, the great sum of nearly 40,000,000 franes ($8,000,000). Now let us see the resuit. According to the report of the United States consul at Havre cf September 6, 1899, the total increase of French mercantile tonnage in the five

vears from 1893, the year of the enactment of the new law, until 1898, was 66,961 tons; {‘the increase being limited to vessels wLich receive no benefit from the bounty law- of 1893, while the steam tonnage engaged in meeting foreign competition has actually showed a decrease.” : : — ' After 18 years of bounty paymients a committee of the French parliament in 1898 reported as follows: | . “We do not hesitate to say without fear of contradiction that our merchant marine is in such a statc of decadence that there is reason to be ureasy about our naval fleet.” ) .- This is taken from the report of the United States consul at Havre to the state department of September 6, 1899, who continues as follows; - : “Many other_extracts may be quoted from the reports of various chambers of commerce, from the speeches made in -the two houses of parliament and from lectures celivered by experts in economics, all lamenting the depressed state of tfler merchant ‘navy of France.” " As appears from the figures given above, the French government pays postal subsidies, premiums on the con= struction of Frerch ships and premiums on voyages made by French ships. The effect of this policy is thus deseribed by the United States consul at Marseilles

in.hit report to the state department of July 20, 1899: — ) “The ship owners found the ship builders constantly increasing their prices, until the point was reached where the builders were accused of calculating. the amount which propesed constructioq; would command arnd adding that amount to fneir own . cost price, thus absorbing the pr-mium for navigation and tke one for coistruction.” : _ This consul concludes that “the merchant mariné of France is in-an unsatisfactory condition” and gives it as.his opinion that “the inferiority of the Frénch merchant mdrine is attributable to the timidity or indifference of French capital.” e " The Italian government pays pavigation subsidies and construction bounties, but the United States consul general at Rome in his report to the state department of July -25, 1899, makes the fol‘owing comment: : “In view of the efforts of the Italian government to encourage Italian shipping, the long seaboard, and the ncéessity of shipping to the ecoromical life of the country the results are certainly far from satisfactory.” i

- It remains for the American people to decide whether to adopt the artificial expedient of the subsidy system, which must be continued indefinitely at ever increasing cost, or whether to approve thé more logical principle announced by Mr. J. J. Hill, in the New York Journal of Commerce, November 19: “Whe pins his faith to the natural advantages

of the country and the wide-awake enterprise of its people, and nﬁt the paternal care and coddling of the government which can help one interest only at the expense of others. All that really live business men ask of the government is that it shall not pat difficulties and obstructions in their'way, and shall afford such protection of the laws as will give them a fair field for their energies.” What they cannot then succeed in, they are willing to leave to others.”

2 - MUST LOOK TO DEMOCRACY A ieduction of the Tariff Will Not - -Be Made by the Repub- ’ lican Party. There may be some republican candidates for congress next fall who will promise to -vote to reform the tariff, but if they are elected they will be powerless to carry out any such proposition, says the Indianapolis Sentinel. There are a number- of republican members of the present.congress who ‘gave like promises, but they are either sleeping or perchance have forgetten. They are certainly not trying to accomplish anything in that direction. Only-a short time ago Senator Spooner;-the republican leader in the senate, declared openly that therewould be no tariff legislation at this session of congress, claiming that as a presidential campaign was about to begin, agitation of the tariff would hurt business. He evidently did not speak without a thorough understanding of the attitude of his party in both houses. If those who promised reform before election were in earnest they would join ‘with the democrats in foreing the committee of ways and means to report one of the seyeral dills that are now before the committee, but which the great ma--jority of the republican members do not wish ta vote upen. It would require 15 republicans to join the democrats and force a vote on tariff reform, but they will not do it. The moral to the mf?n, therefore, is, yote only for the candidate ‘who really favors reducing the tariff and not those who promsise to do so merely to secure their election. T