Ligonier Banner., Volume 38, Number 31, Ligonier, Noble County, 29 October 1903 — Page 2

Regain ThHeir Health by Going Without Clothes Peculiar Methods of a New Jersey Coloﬁy of Inva-lids--**Back to Nature" Their Motto.

2~ HE quest for health may PAE 3 drag a man around the & =;7 world; it may tempt him to 774 /{ drink the waters that smell =l7 to heaven and taste of the & other place; it may convert him into a patent medicine repository; it may lead him to set up a health-food cxperiment station; it may plunge him ‘clo the whirlpool of athletic fads and uew fangled physical exercises; it may make him a barefooted disciple of some wwerman doctor, or the bare-headed folinwer of some other school of health urpmoters. Tn fact, there is no telling vhere the man who has lost the companionship of his good' friend Health vill not go in seeking him or what he #ill do to regain his hold upon him. *H{ealth isa priceless.boon. The poet ex¢laims: 0 : “Ah! what avall the largest gift of Heaven, ¢ IWilen drooping health and spirits go amiss? A oy _ Jiow tlasteless then whatever can be given! Health is the vital principle of bliss, And exercise of health.” : The man who has lost his health realizes the enormity of that loss, and is wiiling to go to any extreme in the'ho'pe of regaining %t. And because this is {rue, a curious colony of ‘“‘no clothes” men are found in New Jérsey—men who belleve that Nature's clothing and Nainre’s food are sure health winners. A wvisit to the colony at Milton brings curious sensations. To sit' down at the iinner table with all the other diners

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wearing less than nothing, save perhaps a tan which has been generously spread on the skin by the friendly sun and tke shifting breezes, and to partake of nuts and milk and graham bread, he latter the only cooked food supplied, s certainly unique, but after several hiours spent with the inhabitants the impression grew that there was a good deal of common sense in going back, at least ‘or a season, to the primitive conditions s the prehistoric days of the human race, as they were doing. - The “doctor” who conduects this novel health resort has run the place sow four vears; and during this past summer has had &0 persons as patients spending more or less of the time of the open sea=an in jts susny confines. Between November 1 and May 1 the place is closed. There are 7o acres inclosed within high toard fencing. Entrance is gained ihrongh a gate that ‘is built high and cToses tight., As one steps within the mark, for this is what it really is, a small iake is seen shimmering in the sunYhine, its edges covered with lily pads, and fwo hills rising on either side. On the erest of one of these hills could be seen a small wooden house. This was ke common dining hall, and surround‘v it were grouped beneath the pine irges a number of frame structures covered with weather-worn canvas. Each was entered by means of a screen door and ventilated further Dby triangular transoms at either end, just under the ridge. A glance witlrin showed that each was occupied by two single iron beds. But these shelters are not used at night «xcept during inclement weather, for ihe health-seekers prefer the open air apd the lap of nature beneath the sweet-smelling pine trees to the luxury «f iron beds and confined atmosphere of :he canvas houses. - Cne of the oddest features of the ~rounds was the burial ground at the sront of the teats. A burial ground, we say, for we can think of no more fitting serm to-use in describing the hollows in which the inhabitants daily take part of their treatment. Into these hollow places in the ground the patients crawl and cover themselves with the earth piled up loosely on each side. Itwasa startling almost shocking sight to see here and there a human head protruding from the -mounds of black earth. It vwas very suggestive of the graveyard where the hollows are dug a little deeper and the head sinks from sight forever. But these sun-browned - patients seemed to enjoy the novel burial, and claimed it did them good. The visitor to this strange “back to nature” colony was admitted to the zrounds by a well-formed specimen of man, who did not seem to be in the least gisconcerted at being discovered by a stranger in the dress of his natal day. ‘Walking up and down inside the fence was another man, who proved to be a New York business man. A pair of eye glasses and a cane and a self-satisfied expression on the face were the only physical evidences he bore of the age in which he was living. It was the dinner hour when the visitor arrived, and the “doctor” led the way to the dining hail. There was no plaster on the in- : - Just as Good. “Have you any five-cent stamps?” inquired the lady. ~ ; : “No, ma’am,” replied the drug clerk, absent-mindedly; “but we have something just as goqﬁ." - “Ha, ha! Force of habit! That's where I caught you!” - “Notat all, ma’am. [can give youtwo twos aud a one,”—Philadelphia Press. 7 : ey Valuable Secret Is Lost. 3, ree ?ﬁ%f“-l‘ed . Damaseus 8 ~in" the ‘Britis f‘f‘fﬁaﬂseum‘-‘?hf&@ flexible that the blade of each can be

terior of the wooden ouilding. A long table cccupied the center of the larger of the two rooms into which it was divided. Blue china plates were laid, beside which were placed knives, but no forks, and nut crackers. Baskets of nuts and fruit and dates, plates of graham bread, and pitchers of milk and buttermilk constituted the bill of are. “We believe in getting as near to nature as we can,” said the “doctor,” as he pulled a basket of nuts towards the guest and heaped up the.nuts about his plate. Already several nut crackers were at work. ‘“Nuts are not indigestible when eaten in this way,” he continued. “We have noftooked food, expeht bread. Wil you have some buttermilk or some fresh milk? Take either you like.” The pitcher of fresh milk was passed along and a cupful poured out. ‘““Animals live on this food and are rarely sick. ‘There isno other kind here. The only use we have for fire is to heal water for washing dishes and for heating the building. It solves lots of problems. There is no bother about the menu. Whenever j’ou coms home your meal is ready for you. It’s no trouble to get it, and you don't need servants.” After dinner the “doctor” led the way acioss the open space occupied by the ‘‘graves” to the brow of the hillock and down a pebbled path. - _ “This is the path to the Rockaway river,” he said. “The first thing in the morning, each one comes down here for a bath. Some people don’t like the

bath. This morning I had to nersuade a new patient that it was the thing for him to do. It wasso cold, hesaid. Itold him it would be all right. Then I gave him his bath, and he felt so nice that he was perfectly satisfied. Some people ‘think it shameful to go about undressed. It is more shame to be sick. Of course, if people want to be sick, why, no one can do anything for them.” ¢ As he talked he passed along a path through the pines to another bathing place some distance down the stream. “This the bathing place for the women,” he said. “They have another part of the air park. They have all gone home for thé season now.” Climbing the hill from the river through the woods, the section set apart for the women who take the treatment was reached. “After the bath,” he continued, as he went down the hill toward the head of the lake, *‘the patients walk around until they are dry. We never use soap. If Nature had intended that we should use soap she would have provided it. ‘There is no morning meal. The first one R SRy R e LW M LAY = W/ R e~ Y/ e S 4 fil |ik | 4 (",f . /,, ’( \‘“; 5 "’, : %,.’__ :-v‘:?,‘ }’f | B Tl . GEed 7| [t By ‘ —‘,‘v:SJ:'.".iﬁ{ 77, | W = RSO J‘m@‘ ( e i O A e e ] ONE OF THB SLEEPING TENTS, is the meal at noon. Some of the men receive clay packs. The moist clay is put on the parts of the body which are diseased. The patients lie down in the ‘graves’ for a couple of hours, a thin covering of earth over them. About 11 o’clock they get up and go down to the river and wash off the clay. Then they are ready for dinner. About three o’clock those patients who require it receive clay packs again and lie down in the ‘graves’ for an hour or two. Supper is at six o’clock. Then games are played until bedtime. Most of the patients. sleep out of doors on the grass with a blanket and mosquito hood over them. The sleep you get out of doors is different from that you get in a bed. That is a dead sleep. Out of doors, when one wakes, one is wide awake all at once. When it rains in the course of the night you can see every one taking up his bed and making a bee line for his tent.” , : By the time the visitor was ready to leave the strangeness of seeing persons ‘naked had worn away, and he went away impressed with the thought that health was worth having, even at the expense of the heroic “back to nature” frentment. ' - : | Muslins Made Incombustible. l Muslins and laces may be made quite incombustible by the simpie addition of mixing with the starch half as much whiting. . : , 1 S e curved until it touches the handle. These !weapom were In use long before the {Chﬂstlan\ era, and the secret of producing their extraordinary flexibility, toughi ness and keenness Is lost. e i The Pope’s Humble Origin. ~ Pope Pius X. is of very humbie origin. 'His elder brother is a letter carrier ina iprovlncial town, with a salary of $BO a year. Another brother sells pork and to‘bacco. One sister is married to a man who keeps a wine shop; another is a dressmaker. Still another married a ped-~ dler, :

THE CHINESE AND CUPID.

Little Love God Is Not Very Active ; Among the People of the Confucian Empire.

Below are given some extracts from a letter received from a correspondent of a Kansas City paper in China: ; “Yesterday we all went up to an adjoining temple and called on some Chinese ladies, wife and daughters of a Chiaese official of high rank. According to Chinese etiquette a man should never see 1 woman not his wife and it is thought to be espeeially improper for a girl to be che object of a man’s gaze. But the mother likes Americans very much and wanted her girls to see us. So we all went and took a look at the ‘beauties,’ and they had a look at us, apparently to the mutual satisfaction of both sides. “One girl was 21, one 20 and another 15 years old. The two younger ones were very nice looking but for the horrid paint they always smear on their cheeks and lips. A girl or married woman always has her cheeks painted red and her lips painted a deep cherry color. To us, itis hideous, but they think they are not fit to be seen-without it. It is the fashion and they must do it, whether they like to or not. S

“A widow is the only woman whoispermitted to go unpainted. The reason is that a woman once having been married and her husband being dead, has no further reason for being attractive, and so out of respect to her dead husbhand she no longer paints. :

“But few Chinese widows ever remarry. It frequently happens, since a girl’s engagement is always fixed by her parents when she is quite young, that her betrothed dies before the marriage. In that case it is considered a mark of great virtue if the girl remains through life unmarried, out of respect to her fiance. It happens, too, but not so frequently, that a girl is married to her fiance on his deathbed or even ‘after’ hisdeath, so that she may have the title and dignity of a widow. -

“It is the rule among Chinese that the engaged couple shall not meet or see each other before the wedding day. There is nolove-making, 1o acquaintance,oranything of that nature before the marriage. If there is anything of that nature at all, it comes after the wedding. It is considered a great joke if a young man gets a glimpse of his future wife. So there is little romance or sentimentamong the Chinese. Their system of parental marriage precludes all love and sentiment from their lives. - o “And yet human beings all have more or less sentinient in their make-up. The Chinese, in order to satisfy this demand of their natures, have instituted the system of polygamy, often having as many as six or eight wives, the number depending upon a man’s rank and wealth. A man selects these wives himself and so the element of love enters into these marriages much more frequently than the first marriage. Wife No. 1 enjoys all the social rank privileges and has power over all the other wives, and has the dignity of the household on her shoulders, but she seldom has the affection of her husband. The system is a great failure and tends to reduce the level of the family life. Tts evil effects are everywhere apparent. ‘ ““The Manchu women do not bind their feet as the Chinese do, and as a result they are more active and bett.er looking. The present dynasty being Manchurian, foot-binding by that race is prohibited by law and they even have tried to induce the Chinese to throw the vicious practice aside. The suffering and agony of the little girls while this process is going on is terrible, but as a girl with big feet can scarcely get a desirable husband, the mother is compelled by custom to thus torture her child. Yet lam glad to say that the custom is gradually losing favor anid we all hope that in the next 25 years or so they will have stopped it altogether.” : A WOMAN’S SECRET.

One That Traveled Until It Cost the " Woman’s Husband Sixty : Thousand Dollars.

Sir William Playfair, who has recently died in London, after having been for years one of the leading physicians of England, had a painful, but instructive experience early in his practice, relates Youth’s Companion. A patient confided to him in the course of his illness certain facts about himself. Sir William mentioned them to Lady Playfair, his wife. She passed them on to an intimate friend, also a woman, and in the end they became public property. The patient brought suit for damages against the physician, and recovered the enormous sum of $60,000. - :

The incident has been used hundreds of times by lecturers to medical students to point the danger of violating professional confidence. It might well have been taken to heart by women also. Probably the wife might better remain in ‘ignorance of her husband’s professional secrets. But she who, knowing them, uses them to spice her conversation is surely more deserving of contempt than the confiding husband. 4 :

The “I'll never tell” of a woman was long regarded as a sort of permissible joke—everybody understanding that the phrase meant nothing. Plutarch reports of Marcus Cato that in his whole life he most repented of three things, and the first of these was that he had trusted a secret to a woman. But the twentieth century has nearly outgrown that bitter word. With the extension of women’s education and their responsibilities there has come a tleepening of their sense of honor. They make fewer protests of secrecy, and they practice it more.

Siberian Butter for England.

The influence of the Siberian railway on the butter exports to England is shown from official figures just published. In 1894 the amount of Siberian butter exported to the United Kingdom was 400 poods. In 1898 it had increased to 150,000 poods, regular rallway communication having been opened in 1897. In 1899 the export amounted to 300,000 poods, in 1900 to 1,077,000 poods, in 1901 to 1,861,000 poods, and last year to 2,500,~ 000 poods.

Dangerous or Otherwise,

The long-haired individual with the beer stein grew excited. “I'm looking for royalties,” he shouted. “Give me more to drink.”

“Not until I find out if you are an anarchist or an Indiana author,” replied the innkeepar.—Chicago Daily News.

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GREAT IDEAS IN EMBRYO.

Models at St. Louls Fair of the First Thing of Its Kind in Every Line of invention.

The truth of the rule that great inventions attain their development through the brains of many men will be illustrated by a novel and interesting exhibit which the patent office at Washington is preparing for the St. Louis fair. The exhibit is designed to represent so far as possible by models the first thing of its kind in the line of human invention, states Youth's Companion. : :

Among other things there will be a model of the first cast-iron plow. which was patented by Charles Newbold in 1797. 'The first screw prepeller, which was invented by Robert Hook in 1860, will also be shown by model. It will be news to many that the screw propeller was thought. of so long ago.

The invention of the steamboat is credited to Robert Fulton, vet in the eighteenth- century Denis Papin launched on the Fulda, in Germany, a boat that was run by steam. It is a matter of record that the river bargemen smashed Papin's boat because they feared it would ruin their business. Likewise included 1n the exhibit will be a reproduction of the first printing press and the earliest harvesting machines. This latter dates back to 150 B. C. It was a light, two-wheeled vehicle of wood with a pair of shafts, between which an ox was harnessed with his head toward the wagon. The ox pushed the cart] on the front of which was arranged al series of long knives. As the ox walked along the knives cut off the heads of the standing grain. The severed heads fell into the wagon, and by the ingenious plan of having the 'ox push the cart instead of drawing it, the grain was not trampled beforehand. : There will be a model of the first locomotive ever built, and another representing the earliest steam engine, which was exhibited at the Serapeum, in Alexandria, Egypt, about 130 B. C. The earliest typewriter, patented in 1842, and the earliest practical sewing machine are also to be represented.

EVERY-DAY HEROES.

Commonplace Men Who Faced Death to Warn Their Fellows of Tmpending Destruction.

When the cloudburst wiped.the town of Heppner, Ore., off the map, man seemed powerless before nature. Yet the news of the next day contained two stories which show that brave men did what they could. » The pecople of iwo neighboring towns, Lexington and lone, escaped without loss of life. They owe their safety to the heroism of two men. When the flood swept the town, Karnan, the station agent at Heppner, stuck to his post long enough to telegraph warning to Lexington. Then he tried to escape with his wife and two children and a friend. The friend succeeded in reaching safety with the children, and Kernan and his wife were swept to death. Another hero was Leslie Matlock, who, like Paul Revere, jumped on his horse and spread the alarm. He reached Lexington in time to confirm Kernan’s warning, and the people fled to the hills. Over a hundred people in Lexington would have lost their lives but for these two men.

‘Matlock, continued down. the valley, carrying the alarm to every farmhouse. His horse gave out soon after he left Lexington, but he got another, and galloped through the darkness and the rain to lone. liere he telegraphed down the valley to the raunchers, who passed the word on. His long journey had been a race with the flood, which poured after him almost at his horse’s heels.

Lord Curzon’s School Days.

Like so many men who achieve greatness in after life, Lord Curzon’s school reputation was not of the most promising. “He was clever enough,” one of his old masters said recently, ‘‘but he was incorrigibly lazy and was far more immersed in mischief and practical joking than in his‘books. And yet;although he never did a stroke of work he could by any exercise of ingenuity avoid, he could always somehow manage to hold his own with the other boys of his form.”

Considerate.

“You seem inclined to think well of this titled stranger ‘who desires to marry your daughter.” © “Well,” answered Mr. Cumrox, “I must say this much for him. He consulted me on the subject of the marriage, which is more than my daughter is likely to do.”

COMMISSION IN PARAGUAY.

Colony Founded Nine Years Ago by Immigrants Seemsx to Re

Successfual

About two days’ ride from Villa Rica in south central Paraguay, the second largest town in that republic, is a tract of 1,500 .acres of land on which a few very industrious and intelligent immigrants are making a communistic experiment, states the New York Sun.

They are known as the Cosme colony, and their land is 12 miles from the nearest village. The ' eolony was founded nine years ago and i 3 fairly prosperous, though it is not regarded in Paraguay exactly in the light of a practical experiment. There are just 26 men, 16 women, and 48 -children in the colony. Their little viilage contains 21° dwelling houses, a school, a store, a printing office, a social hall and library, and two or three workshops. They print a small monthly paper called Cosme, ilustrated with photographs of the colony.

Around the village are spread the woodland and grazing land, which they own in common. The pastures afford good grazing, the woodland is rich in marketable timber, the soil is fertile, the community is out of debt: and though it is not getting wealthy, all have plenty to eat and wear, and are living in peace and contentment.

The colony is governed by a chairman and a committee of three men, with a manager, who arranges all the industrial affairs in accordance with the general plan of the committee, which meets weekly. By dint of brawn and perseverance the men have cleared 360 acres of forest and are raising sugar cane, maize, manice, yams, oranges, lemons, bananas, sweet potatoes, peaches and vegetables. As yet the colony consumes all its crops excepting sugar, which was manufactured and sold last year to the value of $1,568. The committee appraised the value of ‘foodstuffs raised at the same amount.

The colony makes its own lumber and tans the hides of its cattle. There ig much division of labor, some colonists tending stock while others engage in carpentry, blacksmithing, boot making, printing and the other industries of the place, the women having their full share of labor; evea the children are useful in various ways. The Cosme colony, in fact, seems to be successful, if thrift, industry and contentment are evidences of well being.

WHAT SHE WANTED.

Obhjected to Being Married Off as Another One of the “Beautiful and " Accomplished.”

She . blushed as she entered the office: of the editor of the society paper, and when she said that she was to be married soon, the reason for her blushes was apparent, writes Elliott Flower, in Brooklyn Eagle. ‘ “But,” she explained; “it is to be no ‘ common wedding.” ' ; |

- “Of course not,” said the editor. ‘“We are not common people,” she persisted.

“I quite understand,” returned the editor.

“We do not care whether there is any newspaper notice of the wedding or not,” she went on; “but, if there is, it must be out of the ordinary. Indeed, I think I may safely say that it will be no ordinary wedding.”

(‘No?l! ; “Oh,notatall. Forinstance, the bride will not be beautiful.”

“What’'s that?” criad the editor.

“Nor accomplished,” added the young woman. “It's so very common to be beautiful and accomplished—in the society ecolumns. And the bride hasn’t queenly grace and she isn’t divinely fair or any of those superlative things—at least not for this wedding.”

“But, really, you—" ““Oh, it’s quite impossible, I assure you. I wouldn’t be common for anything; I would die of mortification, if 1 were—really. I would. And, bedide, it’s so preposterous to add another to the list. Everybody must know that. Why, I've been reading your paper for two years, and there haven’t been any but highly accomplished and divinely beautiful girls married in that whole time. That’s why I came to speak to youn. It’s go common to be all that—in print; and I do so want a little originality about my wedding. Anyhow, you can easily figure it out that you've married off sc many beautiful and accomplished girl: that there can’t possibly be any left **

MINES ARE CLOSED.

Adverse Decision Results in Shut. Down of Amalgamated Copper Properties in Montana. .

Butte, Mont., Oct. 23.—As a result of the handing down of decisions by District Judge Clancy awarding the Minnie Healey mine, one of the richest properties in Butte and valued at $lO,000,000, to F. Augustus Heinze, and then granting an injunction against the Boston and Montana company, the principal property of the Amalgamated Copper company in Montana, ail the properties of the Amalgamated Copper company in Montana have been ordered closed for an indefinite period.

It is estimated by officials of the company that at least 15,000 men will be idle and possibly 20,000 before to-mor-row night. The shutdown is the most complete and extensive ever known in Montana. It is expected that the fires will be drawn from Boston and Montana, Butte and Boston, Colorado and Washoe smelters to-day. The Washoe smelters at Anaconda are the largest in the world and employ. 3,000 men. The effects of this shutdown will be felt in all parts of Montana, as there is hardly a county that the Anaconda company does not ‘operate in in one way or another. Woodchoppers and lumbermen will be idle and coal miners will be out of work in half a dozen counties. Much excitement exists in Butte and the town is thronged with idle miners, blocking the street corners, discussing the situation. .

The officials of the Amalgamated company are reticent in discussing the situation. Supt. John Gillie said: “The managers of the various companies met and discussed,the situation and decided to close down, as there was no use trying to do business in Montana while the local courts were so manifestly adverse to the company.”

FORCED TO RETIRE.

W. H. Landvoight, Chief of Classiflontion Division, Resigns by Request of Postmaster General. '

Washington, Oct. 23.—William H. Landvoight, chief of the classification division of the post office department, Wednesday presented his resignation to Postmaster General Payne. The resignation was requested by Mr. Payne as a result cf the investigation by the inspectors of the charges growing out of the employment of Mr. Landvoight’s son in the General Manifolding company, of Franklin, Pa., which had a contract for supplying patented registry books to the department. Mr. Landveight was chief of the registry division of the department prior to his comparatively recent transfer to take charge of the classification work of the department. Mr. Landvoight presented his resignation to the postmaster general in person. It was brief and merely called attention to the faet that the only criticism of him was the employment of his son Arnold with the company. It was made to take effect at the pleasure of the postmaster general. Mr. Payne expressed his regret at the necessity of the action, but stated that the employment of the son with the company involved a principle which must be enforced. Mr. Landvoight has been in the postal service about 29 years. He began as a clerk and worked his way up. Under a detail of the third assistant postmaster general he went to New York some years ago and reorganized the registry service of that city. Mr. Landvoight said that the request for his resignation carried no intimation of any wrongdoing whatever and that the only question was the principle involved in his son’s employment. .

A HELPFUL SERVICE.

Statisties of the Great Work Accomeplished During Year by Volunteers of America.

New York, Oct. 23.—The Volunieers of America, under the presidency of Ballington and Maud Booth, will convene their grand field council in Pittsburg on Sunday next. A number of the prominent churches and buildings of Pittsburg and neighborhood are secured for seryices. The Volunteers’ annnal report shows that 400 women have been cared for and 3,000 temporarily assisted in homes of mercy; 475 children were received in volunteer homes and 3,400 helped with clothing. The officers have visited and aided 29,084 families during the year. No less than 180,50 persons were lodged in institutions for working and destitute men; 275,428 people received subsiantial meals and 81,900 persons were given temporary relief and food coutside. The organization attracted 1,077,965 persons to its inside meetings, and 2,637,349 persons to outside meetings during the year. Over 14,000 prisoners have joined the league in six years and the Volunteers are in touch by pen and. service with nearly 30,000 men in states’ prisons.

Capturedn;i']imrlﬂexivco.

St. Louts, uct. 23.—A special to the Post-Dispatch from Guadalajara, Mexico, says: Charles Kratz, a member of the St. Louis city council indicted on a charge of bribery, who jumped a $20,000 bond, was arrested by the local authorities on orders from the federal government at City of Mexico. He will be held until officers with requisition papers from the United States arrive.

Thanked by President.

London, Oct. 23.—A cable message has been received in London from President Roosevelt thanking the American comsioners and counsel of the Alaskan boundary tribunal and expressing congratulation in the name of the people of the United States on the result of the tribunal’s deliberations.

King Leopold May Comg'.

Brussels, Oct. 23.—The commissioner in Belgium of the St. Louis exposition says he has great hopes that King Leopold will be able officially to attend the fair. His doing so is apparently only a question of his health.

Injured _ln lj‘gdtlzn}l‘-’f‘:g;_:e.

_St. Louis, Oct. 23.—JohnWithevil, a student of St. Louis university, was.paralyzed by an injury received in a practice game of football here and is lying in a dangerous condition at the hospital. An operation was performed, but the physicians state there is but slight chance for recovery.

Given a Life Term.

Wausau,Wis., Oct. 23.—Arthur Young, charged with murdering his friend, Edward Smith, in August last, pleaded ruilty and was sentenced to life ime prisonment at Waupun by Judge Silverthorn.

78 9 J)'\@ {:Q T ‘ ik ANSY BN S Clone -’b‘lét,% DS :NS =7B .;i,-.¢>,v R T Vi e < 'vg"fb‘ -.’/ ‘-A}\ 2} Xy : - "3 P B MOTOR FOR BICYCLES. Its Inventors Claim That It Can Be Attached Readily to Any Standard Frame, ) The large majority of those who a few years ago took up cycling as an amusement have been unable to replace the bicycle with the autoxpobile, now that the latter has made its appearance, and have had to be content to stick to the wheel, or find some other form of pastime to afford exercise and occupy their spare moments, As a slightly cheaper vehicle than the regular horseless carriage, the motor bicycle has been introduced, and a number of these machines.may be seen.every day in populated districts, but heretofore no provision has been made for attaching a motor to the old bicycle, and it has been necessary to provide an entirely new = \a’ ’ ‘éi‘je S | (ﬁ\;/‘\u‘ \ ‘ " “A c;vc 7 . WM e ] ST f // MOTOR ATTACHMENT. frame to carry the engine which propels the cycle. The usual method of mounting the motor for runningthe twowheeled machine is to place it in-a circular frame in the position occupied by the crank shaft in the regular bicycle However, this is made unnecessary by the invention which we illustrate, which makes possible the use of the old machine with motor attachment. We would suggest, nevertheless, , that the rear wheel be replaced by one of slightly stronger build, as the increased weight and the force of the motor will soon expose any weakness which may "exist in spokes or rim. 'As thHe motor is shown, there is little, if any, added strain placed on the tubular frame, which is a strong point in its favor, when the attachment to old bicycles is considered. The driving hub should be provided with a coaster brake, and a second sprocket wheel is necessary to connect with the motor, while the gasoline reservoir and electric outfit can be arranged as usual on motor eycles.—Louisville Courier-Journal. )

VITALITY OF SEEDS.

Under Reasonably Favorable Conditions It Is Preserved for Indefinite Periods,

Not to speak of the doubtful intsances of seeds taken from the pyramids having germinated, melons have been known to grow at the age of 40 years, kidney beans at 100, sensitive plant at 60 and rye at 40. And there are now living in the garden of the Horticultural society raspberry plants raised from seeds 1,600 or 1,700 years old. The seeds of charlock buried in former ages spring up in railway cuttings; where ancient forests are destroyed, plants appear which have never been seen before, but whose seeds have been buried in the ground; when some land was recovered from the Baltic sea, a carex was found upon it, now unknown in that part of Europe. M. Fries, of Upsala, succeeded in growing a species of hieracium from seeds which had been ig his herbarium upward of 50 y(ars., Desmoulins has recorded an instance of the opening of ancient tombs, in which seeds were found, and on being planted they produced species of scabiosa and heliotropium. And many more such cases are on record, establishing conclusively that under favorable conditions the vitality of seeds is preserved for indefinite periods. _ It seems as if seeds remain dormant so long as the proportion of carbon peculiar to them is undiminished; water is decomposed by their vital force; and it is believed that its:oxygen, combining with the carbon, forms carbonic acid, which is given off. "The effect of access of water is, therefore, to rob seeds of their carbon; and the effect of destroying theer carbon is to deprive them of the principal means which they possess of preserving their vitality.

. . . Be this as it may, it is incontestable that as soon as seeds begin to germinate their vitality is exhausted, and they perish, unless the seed is in a condition to continue its growth by obtaning sufficient food from surround{ing media.—From Linley’s Theory and Practice of Horticulture.

How Water Is Colored.

The usual color of water—greenish yellow to reddish brown—is now known to be due to dissolved substances. from decaying vegetation, but particles in suspension—usually mineral and often containing iron—may be a cause of the color. The depth of tint is estimated by comparison with a mixture of platinum and cobalt, states Dr. A. E. Bostwick, the unit being the color given to 1,000,000 parts of water by one part of platinum. As a rule, water near steep rocks, with few trees, shows less than 20 units of color; near steep wooded or cultivated slopes, 20 to 50 units; near similar, but gentler slopes, 5 to 100; and in swamps, 100 to 500, or even more. In the United States, northern,waters are mare highly: colored- than: southern. Filtering does not remove the color, and, as brownish water—though rarely harmful—is objected to for drinking, the coloring matter is often removed by chemical means, as by coagulating with sulphate of alumfnum. |

Silk Made of Wool.

The threads of silk made from wool in Germany have 18 strands, a single one of which is hardly visible to the naked eye. Real silk is two-thirds stronger . :

CEREAL FOOD MAKING.

Cooked Grains Are Separated, Passed Between Rollers and Fliattened. Into Flakes.

The superintendent of a much-ad-vertised breakfast food recently stated that he ate a pound of his product every day. “You see, our brand is a new one,” he explained to a friend. *“I want to see that every package is up to the top standard before it leaves the factory; so I taste a lot of the stuff to see if the men are making it correctly.”

According to this sugierintendent, cereal breakfast foods do not require very much complicated machinery.

The first process is to wash the ins of the cereal out of which the f{n flakes are to be made. Then it is stpamed for several hours in big caldrons, the bottoms of which have holes in them like a sieve.

" The next step is to transfer the cooked grains from the vessels to s series of flat, perforated sifters, and the mushy mixture cf grains is forced through- in such-a way that. different grainz-are‘separated and stand out distinctly from one another. At this stage the grains are passed between great metal rollers, which flatten them into flakes. - ’

These flakes, still containing considerable moisture, are finally dried om wire netting by means of hot alr. Then, last of all, they are packed into their pasteboard boxes, ready for shipment by the case of twenty-four boxes. )

“That’s all there is to it,”’ said the superintendent.

“In my factory we are just making a start, but we’ll increase the size of the plant before long. You have no idea how easy it is to boom a new breakfast food.

“To tell the truth, sbout the largest expense item on our books éach month i 3 the price of fancy advertising cards and other announcements. " “We have found thus far that our sales are proportionate to the activity of our. publicity bureau.”—St. Louis Republic.

SWIMMING MADE EASY. Apparatas Invented l;y Chicago Mamn ' Makes Use of Bicycle Pedals and Screw Propell’er. The majority of bathers find more pleasure in paddling leisurely about and sporting in the surf than in exerting themselves to the extent necessary to acquire any speed in the water, but to the athlete this is rather tame, and only muscular exertion affords satisfaction. Were it not for the training necessary to become rapid swimmers no doubt more people would enjoy the exhilarating sensation of propelling themselves rapidly through the water by the aid of the hands and feet. The physical training is made unnecessary, i Gy =S ot i i S e : . T AT e d UYL A ] : / i L 6 e o T , L\ SO - | " SN A : | -,,i;:‘r\ == D L . Ti e NEW SWIMMING MACHINE. however, by the machine which has just been invented by a Chicago man, and which we have illustrated in the picture. It is nothing more nor less than a screw propeller, attached to the man instead of to a boat, and the man who is a good bicycle rider should soon become proficient in the use of this swimming apparatus, as the movement of the feet is exactly similar to that required to drive the Wwheel on land. Probably the only difficulty the beginner would have with this machine would be in maintaining the body in the correct position to obtain the best results with the.propeller, but with a little practice the hands are soon taught to poise the body at the proper angle and guide the swimmer through the water. It is unnecessary for the hands to aid in the propulsion, as the serew will furnish sufficient power for the werk.—Chicago News. =

ITELEPHONE AS WINE-TESTER. "Electrie Current Put to a New Use in Paris—Adulterations Made to Talk. ' One hears of wonderful new applications or uses for the electric current—'some of real value, others nonsensical, but probably one of the latest is the testing of wine by means of the telephone. ‘Accordig to the Paris corre.spondent of a ndon daily paper, a M. Maneuvrier, director of the laboratory of researches of the Paris Faculty of Sciences, has discovered an infallible method of ascertaining by means of the telephone how much a given quantity of wine has been watered. The principle on which the inventifn rests is the variable conductivity of different liqiuds, notably wine and water. The originality of M. Maneuvrier's ingenious application is his use of the telephone to determne to what degree the liquid under.observation is a condne-. tor. He has constiructed an apparatus, the details of which are not given, which is said to achieve this object satisfactorily " and accurately. - The apparatus works as follows: Two vessels, one _containing wine known to be pure, and the other the same quantity of the wine to be tested, are placed on an instrument outwardly resembling a pair of scales. The telephone is in contact with both liquids. If the sample of wine under observation i{s as pure as the standard used for comparison no sound is heard; if, on the contrary, it contains water, the tell-tale telephone “speaks,” and the greatar the proportion of water the loudés the instrument complains. .

Paint Spots on Wood.

-~ Cover the spots with a paste made of soda, lime and cold water, which leave on for 24 howurs, and then wash off with hot water. If the spots have got very dry this treatment may need to be repeated.