Ligonier Banner., Volume 35, Number 37, Ligonier, Noble County, 13 December 1900 — Page 2

The Important Dates of the Nineteenth Century in the United States

17801. Feb. 18—Thomas Jefferson elected president - by vote of the house

of representatives because of tie in electoral vote between himself and Aaron Burr, the latter becoming vice president. June 10—Tripoli declares war against United States. Dec. —President Jefferson inaugurated system of sending written messages to con_gress. Since this - date no president has addressed congress orally. The second census was taken in ]800;

BB AT ~‘/r:."‘i‘ 7% & = ‘{:*‘?i‘ T, Y v - IR s - R . </ G N N~ NG T T NS M k 7N ‘l,l. A %@//)zll / ‘Q‘;V’.-/")f./ AN ////’ﬁ.-ﬂ ”/”Iﬂ e ;‘ | i i RODBERT FULTON Born in 1765.-—Died Feb. 24, 1815.

but the total of the enumeration was not announced until 1801. It was 5,308,483. 18062, - March 16—Law passed establishing military academy at West Point. Same law reduced standing army to one regiment of artillery and two of infantry. April 14—Present naturalization laws passed April—Library of congress first catalogued. It contained 964 volumes and nine maps. May—_-t\Vashington, D. C., incorporated as a.city. - o .

1803. Feb. 19—Ohio admitted to the nion. April 30—Territory of Louisiana purchased from France for $15,000,000. Territory consists of 1,171,931 square miles. - . Oct. 31—United States frigate Philadelphia captured by Tripolitans in harbor ‘of Tripoli. ; . 1804, Feb. 16—United States frigate Philadelphia burned by Lieut. Stephen Decatur and American crew in harbor of Tripoli. Feb.—lmpeachment trial of Samuel Chase,: associate justice of the supreme court, began. He was acquitted in March, 1803. May 14—Lewis and Clark expedition started from Mississippi river for Pacific coast. July 11—Alexander Hamilton killed in duel with Aaron Burr at Weehawken on the Hudson. - Sept. 25—Twelfth amendment to constitution adopted. ) 1803, ' March 4—Thomas Jefferson and George Clinton inaugurated. B . June 3—Treaty of peace signed belween Tripoli and the United States. June 30—Territory of Michigan forméd from Indiana. : : ' 1806. March 29—Congress authorized the build_ing of a national road from Cumberland, Md., to the Ohio river. : The tailors formed first trade union in the United States. 1807. July—American ports closed to the British and British ships ordered from American waters. Aug. 11—Successful voyage of Robert Fulton’s steamboat Clermont from New York to Albany. Sept. I—Aaron Burr acquitted of charge of treason for attempting to organize new empire_in northern Mexico. Dec. 21—Embargo act passed forbidding American vessels to leave for foreign ports. - ! _ ISOB, , Jan. I—Act prohibiting importation of slaves into country became law. ° = . 1809,

March 4—James Madison and George Clinton inaugurated. . March 15—Embargo act, excepting as to Great Britain and France, repealed. e 1810. : April 30—A general post office established in Washington under the postmaster general. i May 10—First agricultural exhibition in United States held at Georgetown, D. C. June — Third census 'taken; population, 7,239,881, . . 1811, Nov. T—Battle of Tippecanoe fought by Gen. Harrison. : ises. . April B—Louisiana admitted to the wnion. J\fnedls——U. S. declared war against Engand. " June- 26—Strength of the regular army raised to 36,700. Aug. 15—Fort Dearborn massacre on present site of Chicago. Nov. 4—John C. Calhoun made his first appearance in congress. 1813. March 4-James Madison and Elbridge Gerry inaugurated. : Aug. 31-Indians massacred garrison and women and children at Fort Mimms, Ala. Sept. 10—Com. O. H. Perry defeated British sgquadron at Put-in-Bay, Lake Erie. : 1814, April 14—The embargo act repealed: by congress. Aug. 25—Washingtcon burned by the Britich. Sept. 13—‘The Star Spangled Banner’” written by Francis Scott Key while detained on board the British chip Minden during the attack on Fort McHenry at Baltimore. It was first sung at a Baltimore theater in October of the came year. Nov. 23—Vice President Elbridge Gerry died at Washington, aged 70. Dec. 24—Treaty of peace signed between . Great Britain and United States at Ghent, Belgium. 1815, : Jan. B—Dritish defeated by Americans at Fh‘*oews O{le%ns. g ; ‘ eb. 15—U. 8. declared war against Algiers June 30—Peace treaty signed betgweeri United States and Argiers. ‘ . 1816, April;lo—United States bank chartered by

O P 31 e ] congress for 240 years;capital, $35,009,000. April 27—First protective tariff bill Passed by congress. July s—lce a quarter of an inch thick formed in Pennsylvania, New York and New England states. § : Dec. 11—Indiana admitted to -the union. Dec.—American col- . onization society organized in Frineeton,- N. J. This society found‘ed the negro state of LibLe_ljiz‘a. iq Af-

S P (e S 5l ’i"“% et ey S ',‘s ;:6'-:”",-'7)""‘" T ?m)‘ % s o ’ 4 vl K’? % ﬁ?.;‘. RN Ot |s4 Y BT R~ e W i) oS L T SHE s A ESS A NG =\ W 1o e FER ~_'7 SRS /" GOMMODORE PERRY Born August 23, 1785—Died August 23, 1819.

rica, ifs object being to establish a home for free American negroes. a . S 1817, Jan.~The United States bank began oper? ations. March 4—James Monroe and Daniel D. Tompkins inaugurated. Dec. 10—Mississippi- admitted to the union. e T IRINC March 18—First general-pension bill for revolutionary war veterans passed by COngress. April 7—Gen. Jackson captured the Spanish torts of St. Marks, Fla. At this time he captured Arbuthnot and Ambrister and executed them for complicity in the In- ‘ dian wars on April 30 of the same year. April 14—President approved act establishing flag of United States at 13 stripes and a star for each state. Aug. 24—Center foundation of the capitol at Washington laid. - Dec. 3—lllinois admitted to the union. . 1819, Feb. 22—Spain ceded Florida to United States for consideration of $5,000,000. May 24—First ocean ste%rpship', the Savannah, left Savannah, Ga., for Liverpool. Trip completed in 26 days. o June. 19—Maine separated from Massa- ~ chusetts by Massachusetts legislature. Aug. 23—Com. O. H. Perry died at Trinidad, West Indies. - '~ : Dec. 14—Alabama admitted to the union. i 1820, - 2 March 15—Maine admitted to the union. Sept. 26—Daniel Boone died at Charrette, Mo., aged 85. . : . - aBz, ; March s—James Monroe -and Daniel D. Tompkingfinangprated president and vice . president for second term. Aug. 10—Missouri admitted to the union. e 1822, T March 28—Independence of Spanish provmc?; lép South and Central America rec_ognized by United States. < May 4—President Monroe vetoed appropria- ~ tion bill providing for goveé‘xiggent imc g‘:?emgentson the Cumberland road, and _transmitted to c,onfress a 4 message em- ~ bodying his objections to national ap- . %@gﬂﬁhﬂ fons for internal improvements. 2 This ,u_;‘ﬁcggly)clgngetd zhe pciliicy of the% - govertiment regarding internal improves ents excepting as Tegards rivers and

¢ 1823, : : Jan. 27—Congress petitioned to send an expedition to the north to'investigate the Symme’s theory that the earth was hollow, being opened at the poles for the admission of light and air, and inhabited inside. ' ¢ 1 Dec. 2—Prog¢lamation by President Monroe declared that for the future the American continents were not to be con- . sidered as subjects for colonization by any European power. This -constitutes the ‘““Monroe doctrine.” ; G 1824, \ March 13—Convention signed between Great Britain and United States for suppression of slave trade: Aug. 15—Gen. Lafayette landed in New York for vigit to America. Nov. 9—Tenth presidential election. Of popular vote John Quincy Adams received 105,321; Andrew Jackson, 152,899; W. H. Crawford, 47265; Henry Clay, 47,087. No candidate for president received a majority of electoral votes and election devolved upon house of representatives. John C. Calhoun elected wvice president. : 1825, Feb. 9—House of representatives voted for president, each state having one vaote. John Quincy Adams received 13, Andrew Jackson, 7, and William Crawford, 4. June 17—Corner stone of Bunker hill monument laid by ILafayette. Oct. 29—Erie canal operned from Buffalo to Albany. ) : 1826, )

Feb. 26—Biela’s comet discovered. May 10—American Home "Missionary so-= ciely organized in New York. July 4—Ex-Presidents John ‘Adams, Quincy, Mass., and Thomas Jefferson, Monticello, Va., died. : Sept. 12—Wiiliam Morgan abducted from Canandaigua, N. Y., This gave rise to the anti-masonic party that played a prominent part in national politics for a’ short time. 1827, First railroad in the United States began operations. It extended from Quincy, Mass., to the Neponset river and was operated by horse power. 1828, May 19—Tariff revision 'bill, placing high duties on woolen and cotton goocds, approved by president. Nov. 11—Eleventn presidential electicn. Andrew Jackson received 658,028 popular and 178 electoral votes; John Quincy Adams received 512,159 popular and 83 electoral votes. . - 1829, . s March 9—William T. Barry appointed postmaster general in Jackson cabinet. Previous to this time the postmaster general was not considered a member of the cabinet. : Aug. B—First railway locomotive operated in America started at Honesdale, Pa. 1830. Jan. 25—Robert Y. Hayne, S. C., in speech in congress on Foote resolution on public lands announced nullifieation doctrine. May 24—First 14 miles of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad opened. Sept.—Anti-masonic party held the first national political convention in' United States at Philadelphia. 1831. Jan. 15—South Carolina railroad, first passenger ‘and freight railroad in United _ States, opened for traffic. :

July 4—Ex-President James Monroe died in New York, aged 73. . July 26—F'irst successful reaper, invention of Cyrus H. McCormick, tested at Steele’s Tavern, Va. : Chloroform discovered by Samuel Guthrie, of Sacket Harbor, N. Y. i . Matches first used in United States. : 1832, : March —Black Hawk war begun.

June 22—First death fromcholerain the United ®tates oc- * curred ' at © New York. July 13—Source of Mississippi discovered by Henry R. Schooleraft. July 14—Tariff measures of 1828 partially repealed. Nov. 12—T welfth presidential election. Andrew Jackson received 687,502 popular and 219 electoral votes, and - Henry Clay 530,189 popular and 49 electoral votes. Nov.ll4—CharlesCar-

R FEETT Sy -f:«"‘?-i/\‘,-“.t:?ffi‘}'t i el N A == l‘é‘ﬁ"ﬂi— 4 I\ e B 3 Ry N = 3 BERYTY sl ZE UL BN s = re s Z et ‘_;ji%:_:-‘l_ e N «r 5 ,:.f:;‘.'«' T s I PRI T b AR e 4y I ?ﬁy. Ry INK 1Y 2 By Ny X e i S VA v Qb ) GYRUS R MSGORMICK Born Feb. 15, 1809.—Died May 13, 1884,

rol, last surviving signer of declaration of independence, died at Baltimore, aged 95. Nov. 19—Convention at Columbus, S. C., adopted resolutions declaring tariff acts null and void. 1833. : March 16—South Carolina repealed nullification resolution in convention. . Sept. 26—President Jackson directed remcval of $10,000,000 of government funds from National bank to be deposited in state banks. : - Nov. 12—Great meteoric display visible in North America. . Dec. 6—American Anti-Slavery society organized in Phiiadelphia. - L 1834,

June 30—Indian territory established by act of ‘congress. : Dec. —President in annual message announced extinguishment of national debt. ’ 1835. Dec. 16-18—PBusiness portion of New York city. destroyed by fire; 648 buildings destroyed: loss $18,000,000. Dec. 28—Seminole Indian war began. Thomas Davenport, of Braddon, Vt., built first electric’ railway motor at Springfield, Mass. : 18386. - March 2—Texas declared its independence. March 6—Massacre at the Alamo, San Antonio, Tex., by Mexicans under Santa Anna. i May M—Mexico acknowledged independence of Texas. June 15—Arkansas admitted to the union. June 28—IEx-President James Madison died at Montpelier, Vt.,, aged S 5. Oct. 22—Samuel Houston elected first president 'of Texas. - Nov. §—Thirteenth presidential election. Martin Van Buren elected president with 761,549 popular and 170 electoral votes, against 73 electoral votes for his nearest ° competitor, - William Henry Harrison. Total popular vote, 1,498,205. Nq_ vice president chosen because of lack of majority of electorgl votes. Senate chose Richard M. Johnson. ‘ : . 483 T. Jan. 6—Michigan admitted to the union. May 10—All banks in New York city suspended specie payment because of financial panic. - 1838, : May 10—Banks in New York resumed specie payment. . ; - 1839, Oct. 10—United States bank = suspended, causing financial panic. : 1840, ? Jan. 19—Lijeut. Wilkes discovered Antarctic continent. June—eg‘ifth census taken. Population, 17,N(())?g 10—Fourteenth presidential election. William Henry Harrison received 234 electoral and 1,275,017 popular votes, and Martin Van Buren 60 electoral and 1,128,702 popular votes. I i 1841, : April 4—President Harrison died, aged 68, April s—Vice President Tyler took oath of office as president. A July 6—Act to distribute money from sales of publie lands among the states passed. July 15—Independence of Egypt acknowledged by Turkey. = e ; : 1842 Bl s Jan. 24—Petition from citizens of Haverhill, Mass., asking for peaceful dissolution of the union, presented to the senate by Mr. Adams of that state. Caused violent debaite, gnd the reception of petition was refused. L 1 May 2—Col. John C. Fremont's first expedition started for Rocky mountains. = = Aug. 14—End of Indian war in Florida proclaimed. = : ; ey q&'; b Aug. 20—Ashburton reaty, settling Maine boundary dispute between United Stat,eg and Erigland, ratified by 's_enﬁtef? jie : Oct. 18—PFirst submarine cable laid by Prof. Morse in New York harbor.. B s o AN4R, - & h Jan. 10—Resolution for imj 'em:@ant of Pre.vszeenﬂrﬂeroﬁewdbg%ohm . Eotts, of ;ig.j;gx'la‘,»regect%%by the house. . J ﬁﬁé;ﬁiﬁftfagﬂs 8. Key, author _of “Starsg’&?%‘“ - Banner,” died at Baltimore, Féngeg; ":cnmgtése‘eéi; at noon by nn%e €. H&r 1 Americad. . June 1 -»gwnket ] ~t{fl,“mo!z?ume'nt'ﬁedieat;¢q;

- 1844, May 27—First telegram sent over a land line from Washington to Baltimore. June 27—Joe and Hiram Smith, Mormons, murdered by mob'at Nauvoo, Il July 3—First treaty of commerce between United States and China signed. Nov. 12—Fifteenth presidential election. James K. Polk received 170 electoral and 1,335,834 popular votes. Henry Clay received 105 electoral and 1,297,033 popular votes. 1845, Jan. 23—Congress appointed first Tuesday following first Monday in November national election day. - Feb. 28—Texas annexed by joint resolution. March 3—Congress fixed postage on letters at 5 cents for 300 miles or under and 10 . cents for over that distance. : March 3—Florida admitted to the union. June BB—Ex-President Andrew Jackson died, aged 78. Dec. 29—Texas admitted to the union as a state. =y ‘ - 1840, s April 25—Hostilities between Mexico and

United States began by capture of small force of U. S. troops by Mexicans. May 11 — President - Polk announced that state of war .existed between : United States and Mexico. : Junels—Treaty - signed with Great Britainsettling the the Oregon bound.ary dispute. July 6—Com. John D. Sloat, U. S. N., occupied Monterey, Cal.. and declared country annexed to United States.

4 =0 6 1 ’»?,,.‘f 3 2. ‘7‘\%% %» By e \ i»‘v}y:_." ;“». },?(‘ LR iy - NN 3 o \:4/ ‘e }%’ 1 (‘// &) S F B. JAGRSE Born April 27 1791 -Diel April 2, 1872,

Sept. —Elias Howe patented first successful sewing machine. Dec. 26—Iowa admitted to the union. 1847. ' Feb. 22-23—Battle of Buena Vista fought; 20,0600 Mexicans defeated by 5,000 Americans. . : . July 24—Salt Lake City founded by the Mormons. Sept. 12—City of Mexico occupied by American troops. During the year the. cylinder printing press was invented by Richard M. Hoe. 1848, Jan, 19—Gold discovered near Coloma, Cal.,, bv James Wilson Marshall. Feb. 2—Treaty of peace between United States and Mexico signed at Guadalupe Hidalgo. United States paid Mexicp $15,000,000 for New Mexico and California. Feb. 22—Ex-Fresident John Quincy Adams died at Washington, aged 81. March 29—John Jacob Astor died in New York, aged 85. May z9—Wisconsin admitted to the union. July 4—Corner stone of the Washington . monument laid. : Nov. T7—Sixteenth presidential election. Zachary Taylor received 163 electoral votes, and Lewis Cass, -of Kentucky, 127 electoral votes. Dec. 15—Postal treaty signed with Great Britain. . 1849,

March 3—Department of interior created by congress. ) June 15—ExPresident James K. Polk died at Nashville, Tenn., aged 54. 1850. March 31—John Calhoun died at Washington, aged 68S. April 19—Bulwer-Clayton treaty for joint occupancy of canal across Central America signed. June I—Seventh census taken; population, 23.191,876. : : July 9—President Taylor died at Washington, aged 66. July 10—Vice President Fillmore took oath of office as president. Sept. 9—California admitted to the union. Sept. 20—*“‘Omnibus’’ bill passed by congress. . 1851. March 3—Letter postage reduced to 3 cents for distances of 3,000 miles and less if prepaid; 5 cents if not, and double rate for longer distances. April 29—Trial of electric locomotive built by Alfred Vail with congression{al appropriation on B, & O. Ry. It attained a speed of 19 miles per hour. Oct. s—Hudson river railroad opened from New York to Albany. ) Dec. 24—Congressional library at Washington and contents destroyed by fire. 1852. June 29—Henry Clay died at Washington, aged 75. - Nov. 2—Seventeenth presidential election held. Franklin Pierce received 254 electoral votes, and Gen.. Winfield Scott 42 electoral votes. 1833 March 24—Oath of office as vice president administered to William R. King by Consul Sharkey at Cumbre, Cuba. Allowed by special act of congress. : April 18—Vice President William R. King died at Cahawba, Ala., aged €7. Dec. 30—Treaty providing for purchase ot territory south of the Gila river from Mexico approved. Extent of purchase, -45,535 square miles; consideration to Mexico, $10,000,000. Chicago and New York connected by railway. : 1854, \ March 31—First commereial and diplomatic treaty with Japan concluded by U. S. May 30—Kansas-Nebraska bill passed by congress. 1t repealed Missouri compromise act of 1820. ; June s—Reciprocity treaty with Great Britain signed. . ! June 7—First reciprocity treaty concluded between United States and Canada. 1855. I'eb. 10—Rights of citizenship to children of citizens born in foreign countries granted by act of congress. Sept.! 13—Dr. Kane and his companions, arctic explcrers, rescued by Lieut. Hartstene, U. 8. N., at the island of Disco, Greenland. 1836.

Jan. 24—Pro-slavery legislature in Kansas recognized by President Pierce. Proc‘lamation classes attempt to establish free state government n act of rebellion. May 21—Capture and sack of Lawrence, Kan., by pro-slavery party. - Nov. 4—-Xighteenth presidential election held. James Buchanan received 174 electordal votes, John C. Freemont 114 and Millard Fillmore 8. S H. Bessemer invented process of making steel by passing cold air through liquid iron. Known as the ‘“Bessemer process.’”’ 1857. ; Jan.” 6—Free state legislature in Kansas dispersed by federal troops. - March 6—Dred Scott case decided against plaintiff by United States supreme court. July B—The cup won by the yacht “America’” in England, Aug. 22, 1851, presented by the owners to the New York Yacht club as an international trophy. Sept. 11—Mountain Meadow massacre perpetrated near Cedar City, Utah. Thirty families practically annihilated by Indians and Mormons. Sept. 15—Brigham Young, governor of. Utah,, ~declared martial law and ordered government troops not to enter Salt Lake City. e : . : 1838. May 11—Minnesota admitted to the union. Aug. 2—First street deposit boxes for letters used in Boston. Fode Aug. s—First Atlantic cable completed] Oct. 9—Donati’s comet attained its greatest brilliancy. Oct. 9—First overland mail from San Francisco reached St. Louis. Time, 24 days, 18 hours. . 1839, Jan. 4—New senate chamber occupied. Jaéx.lls—(}old discovered on Boulder creek, 01. Feb. 14—Oregon admitted to the union. Oct. 16—Government arsenal at Harper's Ferry seized by John Brown. ! Oct. 18—John Brown captured by govern;qme.‘nztB tr%gps-ﬁ?ndfr CIol; F' ‘E. Lee. ov. 28—Washington Irving dieqd - Dtowxzm, § .hY;, Baged 7% ¥ At Terry ec. 2=John Brown hanged at Ch ) W Va, A g ‘ arle"ston, e 1860. : . May 18—Abraham Lincoln nominated for

bresident on fourth ballot at Chicago. June—Eighth cen - sus taken: Population, 31,443,321, Nov. 6—Nineteenth presidentiz‘l election held. Abraham Lincoln ' received 180 electoral and 1,866,352 popular voles: John: i . Breckenrfdge, 72 electoral and 847,514 popular votes: -John 'C, :Bell, 89 electoral and 587,830 pogular votes, and tephen A, Dou¥las 12 electoral and 1,375,157

R T il an o : 9///"_;\ RN e 8 {; N f’fé‘?ﬁ&. o WX\\ (\:}»’:.“ S\‘}‘}’ SN &\‘.\t‘y \.4({4\ \\ ; Y/ N\ N \ fe & DN VR ELIAS HOWE Born July 9, 1819.—Died L June 1, 1873,

: popular votes. Dec. 4—President Buchanan in annual message to congress said southern states had no legal right to secede, and government no gower to prevent secession. Dec. 20—South Carolina seceded. * 186G1. Jan. 9—Steamer Star of the West with reenforcements for Fort Sumter fired . upon by South Carolina troops from Morris island and forced to retire. g Jan. 9—Mississippl seceded. L Jan. 10—Florida seceded. Jan. 11—Alabama seceded. - Jan. 19—Georgia seceded. Lo ; Jan 26—Louisiana seceded. Kansas admit_ted to the union. 3 : Feb. 1-—-Texas geceded. e Feb. 4—Confederate congress met at , Morgtgomery, Ala, Six. states represented. - : e

Feb. 9—Jefferson Davis chosen president ard Alexander H. Stephens vice president of Southern Confederacy. April 12—Fort Sumter fired upon. First gun fired by Edmund Ruffin of Virginia. He committed suicide soon after close of the war. : April 14—Fort Sumter surrendered. April 15—President called for 75,000 troops. April 17—Virginia seceded. . April 19—President proclaimed blockade of southern ports. : May 6—Arkansas seceded. May 21—North Carolina seceded. June B—Tennessee seceded. ‘July 21—Federal troops defeated at battle of Bull Run. Nov. B—Confederate envoys Mason and Slidell captured on British steamer Trent, by Capt. Wilkes, U. S. N. . 1862. - Jan. Il.—Government suspended specie payment. Feb. 6—Fort Henry, Tenn., captured by Gen. Grant and Com. Foote. Feb. 16—Fort Donelson surrendered to Gen. Grant.. March B—U. 8. frigate Congress and U. S. sloop-of-war Cumberland destroyed by confederate ram Merrimac at Hampion Roads. i March 9—Battle between Monitor and Merrimac at Hampton Roads. April 26—Admiral Farragut occupied New Orleans. Mﬁlyhli,l——Department of agriculture estabshed. - May 20—Homestead act approved by the president. June 19—Slavery forever prohibited in the territories. June 26-July ‘2—Seven days’ fighting. Army of the Potomac retreated from before Richmond. July I—President approved act for building railroad and telegraph line from Missouri river to Pacific ocean. July 24—-Ex-President Martin Van Buren died at Lindenwold, N. Y., aged 80. Aug. 19—Sioux Indians attack frontier settlements of Minnesota. : Aug. 25—Enlistment of 5,000 colored volunteers ordered. First permission of the government to employ negroes as soldiers. Sept. s—Confederate forces crossed the Potomae into Maryland. - Sept. 16-17—Confederates defeated at Antietam. They retreated into Virginia the following day. : Dec. 31—West Virginia admitted to the union to date from June 20, 1863. 186G3. Tan. I—President Lincoln issued proclamation freeing slaves in confederate states. They numbered about 3,120,000. Feb. 25—National currency secured by U. S. bonds provided for. May io—Stonewall Jackson died. Wounded May 2 at Chancellorsville. June 3—lnvasion of the north began by Gen. Lee. July 1-2-3—Confederate army, numbering 82,000 men, defeated at Gettysburg by federal army, numbering 73,500 men. - July 4—Vicksburg surrendered to Gen. Grant. . July 13-16—Draft riots occurred in New York city. July 25—Samuel Houston, Texas hero, died at Huntersville, Tex., aged 70. Bept. 15—President Lincoln suspended writ of habeas corpus. AR Sept. 19-20—Federal army defeated by confederates at Chickamauga. Nov. 23-24-25—Federal army under Gen. Grant defeated confederates at Orchard Knob, Missionary Ridge and - Lookout mountain. ; 18G4, March 10—Gen. Grant placed in command

of the federal armies. i May 4—Federal army, numbering 130,000 men, crossed the Rapidan to attack L.ee. May s—Struggle between federal and confederate armies in the Wilderness and at Spoftsylvania began. In these battles the federal army lost 40,000 men. May 17-Postal money order system established. May 19 — Nathaniel Hawthorne died at Plymouth, N. ~

T T Sl R VIR T e Risee I A= >\s # S RN L T N 72~ e NI YT 3 ,;‘;s\'/( = %kh ¢ o 2 N\ . (ORI | cnst. Yty TS BT "f"'-“z""A : LY i AR ~, . - * \). At BAORR™ T o AOR. LD DR ket L, X ﬂ\?‘_ 1"2{;// R SR Y e U ST2NNND ABRAHAM LINCOLN Born Feb. 12. 1809.—Died April 15, 1865.

aged 60. June 7—President Lincoln renominated at Chicago. ’ June 19—Federal cruiser Kearsarge captured confederate cruiser Alabama off Cherbourg, France. o July 16—Gold reached the maximum, 28 per cent. Sept. 2—Atlanta captured by Gen. Sherman. Oct. 31—Nevada admitted to the union by proclamation of president. Nov. B—Twentieth presidential election. Lincolnand Johnson carried 22 states; Mc- . Clellan and Pendleton, 3; 11 not voting. Nov. 14<Sherman’s march to the sea began. Dec. 21—Savannah captured by Gen. Sherman. s ISG3. . Jan. 15—Edward Everett died at Boston, aged Tl. . Feb. 18—Gen. Lee placed.in command of all confederate forces. 5 e ‘March 3—Confederate debt disowned by act of congress. ) March 18—Confederate congress adjourned sine die. April 2—Richmond evacuated by confederate army. . April 9—Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox. April 14—President Lincoln shot by J. Wilkes Booth in Ford’'s theater, Washington. : April 15—Presidpent Lincoln died at 7:30 a. m. Vice President Johnson took oath of office as president same day. April 15—Military Order of the Loyal Le- - gion formed. April 26—J. Wilkes Booth shot in barn near Bowling Green, Va. . May 10—Jefferson Davis captured by mem_bers of Fourth Michigan cavalry at Irwinsville, Ga. B

May 13—Last battle of the war fought. Federals defeated by confederates near Palo Pinto, Tex. The total number of enlistments in the federal service were 2,859,132; total number of engagements fought between the two armies 2,261; in the federal army the total loss by death was 279,735; the confederate government existed 4 years 1 month and 14 days. May 22—Southern ports opened by prociamation of president. May 22-23—Grand review of federal armies at Washington. July 7—Lewis Payne, G. A. Atzerodt, David E. Harold and Mary E. Sturratt, implicated in murder of President Lincoln, executed. ; : Dec. I—Habeas corpus restored in northern states by proclamation. Dec. 18—Thirteenth amendment to constitution declared adopted by the several states. 18G6. April 6—First post of grand army organized at Springfield, 111. April 9—Civil rights bill passed over the president’s veto. - May 29—Gen. Winfield Scott died at West Point, azed 80. : ; July 24.—Tennessee readmitted to the union. 186G7. Feb. 3—Nebraska admitted to the union. March 2—Military reconstruction act March 2—Department of education established by congress. ; passed over president’s veto. May 13—Jefferson Davis admitted to bail. June 20—U. S. acqulred Alaska from Russia. Consideration $7,200,000. Extent, 677,390 square miles. 1868, Feb. 24—House of representatives voted to impeach President Johnson. May s—Grand army instituted Decoration day, designating May 30. May 26—President Johnson.acquitted of impeachment charges. June I—Ex-President James Buchanan died at Wheatland, Pa. June 22—Arkansas readmitted to the union. June 25—North and South Carolina, Alabama, Florida and Louisiana readmitted to the u%on. : July 28—Faurteenth amendment to consti- * tution declared adopted. Nov. 3—Twenty-first presidential election. Ulysses S. Grant, 214 electoral and 3,015,071 {)opular ‘votes, and Horatio Seymour 80 electoral and 2,709,613 popular votes. Dec. 25—Amnesty proclamation granting unconditional pardon to all concerned in confederate rebellion issued. ; 1869. . May 10—Union Pacific railroad opened for traffic. : July I—Soldlers’ national monument at Gettysburg dedicated. Sept. 24—''Black Friday.” Culmination of financial panic in New York. Gold quoted at 1621, Oct. B—Ex-President Franklin Plerce died at Concord, "N. H., aged 65. 3 Nov. 24—American Woman’s Suffrage association formed at Cleveland, O. Dec. 10—Wyoming gave women the right to vote and hold office. . Dec. 24-Edwin M. Stanton died at Washington aged 55. : 1870. o e Jan. 26—Virginia readmitted to the union. Feb. 9—Congress authorized the establishment of the weather bureau. . Falr)l.io?f«—Misﬁssippi readmitted to the March 30—Texas readmitted to the union. April 9—American Anti-Slavery society, _ after existence of 37 years, dissolved, - March 30—Fifteenth amendment to constitution declared adopted. ~.,r{%g%&ggfth census taken. Population, | ,»Jggiyss-ﬂh_%qoi‘ﬂa. ‘readmitted to the union. §%&w ~L!,‘&i;,thmugx, car from the Pa- - eific reached New York. con

Aug. B—American yacht ‘“Magic’’ defeated English yacht “Cambria’’ in race at New York for the ‘“America’s’ cup. Aug. 14—Admiral David C. Farragut. died at Portsmouth, N. H., aged 6). ; Oct. 12—Gen. Robert E. Lee died at Lexington Va., aged 62. - Dec. 16—Colored Methodist lEpiscopal church in America organized. ! IS7I. ‘ Jan. 16—Supreme court decided legal tender act of 1862 constitutional. i March 3—Act establishing Centennial ex» .position at Philadelphia passed by con.Bress. . March—First civil service commission ap.pointed. Oct. 8-9—Fire destroyed:2o,ooo buildings in Chicago; 98,500 people made homeless; loss. $192.000.000. : Oct. 16—American yacht “Columbia’ defeated English yacht ‘“‘Livonia” in race for ‘““America’s’’ cup at New York. The “Livonia’’ was again defeated on Oct. 21 of the same year by the American yacht “Sappho.”’ 1872, March I—Yellowstone national park established. March —Strike for an 8-hour day, in-

vo.ving 100,000 men, began in New York. It lasted three months and resulted success- ~ fully for the strik- |- ers, .Sept. 14—Geneva tribunal awarded ‘ United States ~ $15,500,000 from Great Britain. Nov. s—Twenty-sec-ond presidential election. Grant received 286 electoral and 3,597,070 popular votes. Remainder of electonal votes divided as follows: B. Graitz Brown, 18; ’l‘Tbomg,s

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A. Hendricks, 42; Charles J. Jenkins, 2; David Davis, 1. Combined popular vote - of Greely and Brown was 2.834,079. Nov. 29—Horace Greeley died at Pleasantville, N. Y., aged 61. . Dec. 12—-Edwin Forrest, a tragedian, died at Philadelphia, aged 68. 1873, Feb. 7—“ Trade dollar’ ordered and silver demonetized by act of congress. Feb. 21—Oakes Ames, of Mass., and James Brooks, of N. Y., censured by congress for connection with Credit Mobilier. May I—One-cent postal cards first issued! Mzay 7—Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase died at New York, aged 65. Sept. s—The ‘“Alabama’’ award of $15,500,000 paid by Great Britain to the United States. Sept. 20—Panic_on New York stock exchange; exchange closed; reopened Sept. 30. . : Jov. 19—William H. Tweed convicted lin New York; sentenced to 12-years in the penitentiary. 1874. March 3—President’s salary fixed at $50,000. March S—Ex-President Millard Fillmore died at Buffalc, N. Y., aged 74. ! July-Oct.—Grasshoppers infest "Western and Northwestern states. . Aug. 28—Rev. Henry Ward Beecher ac- ~ quitted of charges preferred against him by Theodore Tilton by a committee of his church. : y Oct. 15—Lincoln monument at Springfield, 111., dedicated. Nov. 19—National Woman’s Christian Temperance union organized at Cleveland, O. 1875, ‘ May I—Whisky frauds exposed. Loss to government in revepue stamps, $1,650,000. July—Alexander Graham Bell constructed first successful telephone. July 31—Ex-President Johnson died near Jonesborough, Tenn., aged 67. Nov. 22—Vice President Henry Wilson died at Washington, aged 63. 1876. ] May 10—Centennial exposition opened at Philadelphia by Pres. Grant and Don Pedro 11. of Brazil i June 25—Gen. George A. Custer and 276 men massacred by Indians under Sitting Bull near Little Big Horn river,

Montana. 2 Aug. I—W. W. Belknap, secretary of war, acquitted of impeachment charges. Aug. I—Colorado admitted “to the union. Nov. T7T—Twenty-third presidential "election. Hayes received 185 electoral and '~ 4,033.295 popular votes: Tilden 184 electoral and 4,284,265 popular votes. 187%.

Jan. 17—Joint congressional commitiee agreed upon a plan for counting electoral vote. Electoral commission appointed by this commission awarded 3 disputed votes from- Florida to republicans Feb. 9: vote of Louisiana to republicans Feb. 16; vote of Oregon to republicans Feb. 23; vote of South Carolina to republicans Feb. 27. July 16—QGeneral railroad strike began in Pennsylvania against reduction of wages. It lasted three months, spread throughout the eastern and central states, and resulted disastrously for the men. Aug. 11—Satellites of Mars discovered by Prof. Hall, of Washington. Aug. 29—Brigham Young died in Salt Lzke City, aged 76. -» IS7B. Feb. 28—Bland silver bill passed over the president’s veto. June 12—William Cullen Bryant died in New York, aged 84. : July 10-15—Yellow fever epidemic began at New Orleans. Dee. 17—Gold down to par in New York, first time since Jan. 13, 1862. , 1879. Jan. I—Specie payment resumed by the government. - Feb. 15—Act permitting women to practice before the supreme court passed. July B—Yacht Jeanette sailed from San Francisco on 'voyage of arctic exploration. . . . 1880. May 31—League of American Wheelmen organized at Newport. June— Tenth census taken. Population, 50,155.783. Nov. 2—Twenty-fourth presidential election. Garfield received 214 electoral and 4,450,421 popular votes; Hancock 155 electoral and 4,447,888 popular votes. . 1881. June 24—Secretary of State Blaine notified American ministers at Eurcpean courts thqj;;) any attempt to guarantee neutrality of Panama canal would be considered un-called-for interference. July 2—President Garfield shot by Guiteau in Baltimore and Potomac depot at Washington. - Sept. 19—President Garfield died at Elberon, N, J., at 10:35 p. m. > Sept.—Forest fire in Huron and Sanilac counties, Mich., rendered 2,900 families homeless, caused loss of 138 lives and spread over 1,800 square miles. : 1882, ts March 24—Henry W. Longfellow died at Cambridge, Mass., aged 75. March 25—Edmunds law excluding bigamists and polygamists from holding office passed. b April 27—Ralph Waldo Emerson died at Concord, Mass., aged T 79. May 13—Lieut. Lockwood and Sergt. Brainard, of Greeley expedition. reached 83 degrees 23 minutes 8 seconds. 1883. . .- May 24—New York and Brooklyn bridge opened. - ; : June 14—Verdict returned of not guilty ' in Star-Route case. July 19—Strike of telegraph operators began at Pittsburgh, Pa., and spread throughout the country. It involved 67,000 men who asked for 15 per cent. increase of wages. Lasted 30 days and was successful. Sept. 9—Northern Pacific railroad finished. 1884, May 6-7—Firm of Grant & Ward and Marine bank faile%in New York. M%y }(L—Financial crisis occurred in New ork. { : Nov. 4—Twenty-fifth presidential election. Cleveland received 219 electoral and 4,911,017 popular votes; Blaine 184 electoral and 4,848,334 popular votes. 18835. ‘Feb. 21—Washington monument dedicated.

First foundation stone was laid July 4, 1848. Feb. 28—Contract labor law passed. - March 3—President Arthur approved act appropriating $1,890,000 . for new ships for U. S. navy. This was the beginning of the present navy. Sept. I—First electric railway line in America from Baltimore to Hampden, Md., distance .2 miles, opened. Oct. 29—Gen. George 1 B. McClellan died at "Oxégn‘ge, Niody,;

, ,;\‘} R S Yy =~ AN 4 \-‘;,, 4’// yT ! A‘\\Q _:_'.‘;". .‘7 ,/( “ . }\_‘:”\\.ﬂ T 0 7% N (/(I; 41 VR ;: . \ "‘»,' N\ i ‘\h \\ GEN U 3 GRANT Born AJprll 27, 1822 —Died uly ’{3, 1585.

. aged b 9. Nov. 26—Vice-President Thomas A. Hen- ' dricks died at Indianapolis, Ind., aged 66. : 1886. March 6—Knights of Labor struck on southwestern railroads. - May 4—Anarchist riot and Haymarket massacre took place in Chicago. Aug. 31—Charleston, 8. C., and other south- ! .ern points visited by severe earthquake. Sept. 4—Geronimo., Apache chief, surrendered to Gen. Miles at Skeleton canyon, Arizona. ‘ : ; 1 Qct. 12—Disastrous gale along Texas coast destroyed 250 lives and ‘left 2/000 . people Homeless. Oct. 28—Liberty statue in New York har- l - bor unveiled. i

Nov. 18—Ex-President Chester A. Arthusdied at New York, aged 56. . Dec. 26—Gen. John A. Logan died- at Washington, aged 60. 1887, . Jan. 29—Mexican war pension bill approved. S : Feb. 11—Dependent pension bill vetoed. March B—Henry Ward Beecher died at Brooklyn. March B—John B. Eades, engineer, dieé¢ at Nassau, N. Y., aged 67. R March 22—First interstate commerce come mission appointed. June 17—Heavy snow fell at Lynchburg, Va. . Aug. 11—H. S. Ives & Co., New. York brokers, failed; liabilities, $20.000,000. . Sept. 27—American yacht “Volunteer’ defeated the Scottish yacht ‘“Thistle” in race tor ‘‘America’s”’ cup. 1888, ) March 6—Louise M. Alcott died at Boston, aged 56. Her father, A. Bronson Alcott, died two days before her, aged $9. March 23—Chief Justice Morrison B. Waite died at Washington, aged 72. - Aug. s—Gen. Philip H. Sheridan died at Nonquit, Mass., aged 57. Sept. 12—Act prohibiting immigration of Chinese into United States approved. Nov. 6—Twenty-sixth presidential election. Cleveland received 168 electoral and 5,540,329 popular votes; Harrison 233 eléctoral and 5,439,853 popular votes. i % ISS9. Feb. 9—Department of agriculture created as executive department. Norman J. Coleman appointed first secretary Feb. 12, Feb. 20—Act to create Maritime Canal company passed by congress. ) Feb. 22—Dakota territory divided. March B—John Ericsson died at New York, aged $6. ) April 22—Oklahoma opened for settlement. and city of Guthrie established. May 31—Disastrous flood at Johnstown, Pa., caused loss of 2,142 lives and property to amount of $9,674,105. ) Oct. 2—Pan-American congress.organized in Washington. i Nov. 2—North and South Dakota admitted to the union. . Nov. B—Montana admitted to the union. Nov. 11—Washington admitted to the union. Dec. 6—Jefferson Davis, confederate president, died at New Orleans, aged 81. . 1890. Jan. 1-Horatio Allen, first locomotive en= gineer in United States, died at Mone~ trose, N. J., aged 3. ) Jan. 25—“ Nellie Bly” completed trip around the world in 72 davs, 6 hours, 11 minutes. April 2—Australian ballot system first in--troduced into United States at election in Rhode Island. June 2—Eleventh census taken; population, 62,622,250, July 3—ldaho admitted to the union. July 10—Wyoming, the 44th state, admitted to the union. . July 14—Act authorizing purchase of 4,500,000 ounces of silver per month and for coinage of 2,000,000 ounces per month until July 1, 1901, passed by congress. < Oct. I—McXKinley tariff bill approved. Oct. 6—Polygamy abolished by the’' Mormons. : f Dec. 26—Battle with the Indians at Wounded Knee, S. D. 1891, Jan. 17—George Bancroft, historian, died at Washington, aged 91. Feb. 13—Admiral David Dixon Porter died at Washington, aged 77. Feb. 14—Gen. William T. Sherman died at New York, aged 71. S March 3—lnternational copyright act approved. : March 14—Eleven Italians, just acquitted of murder of Chief of Police Hennessy, killed in New Orleans. March 21—Gen. Joseph E. Johnston died at Washington, aged 84. o Aug. 12—Tames Russell Lowell died at Cambridge, Mass., aged T 72. : - 1892, June 4—Secretary of State Blaine resigned. July 12—Cyrus W. Field died at Ardsley, N. Y., aged 73. : Sept. 7—John Greenleaf Whittier died at Hampton Falls, N. H., aged 85. . Nov. B—Twenty-seventh presidential election. Cleveland received 277 eléctoral and 5,556,533 popular votes; Harrison, 145 electoral and 5,440,216 popular votes; Weaver, 22 electoral and 1,122,045 popular votes. ) 1893. Jan. 11—Gen. Benjamin";i‘. Butler died at

_\"_Vashington, -aged {O, Jan. 23—Judge L. Q. . C. Lamar, soldier, statesman, jurist, died at Macon, Ga. Jan. 27—James G. Blaine died at gg'ashlngton, aged Feb. 20—Gen. P. T. G. Beauregard died at New Orleans,. aged 75. Feb. 22—Inman line steamers City of . New York and City of Paris transferred from British to American registry. ) March2—Act to.com-

S {ﬁ A VY2 R 7 - ¢ A o N TRy < A s gty o 7 R E A T R . S MO e e 35 ’1 ) \\\\ Nk 7 \\ ‘l]} Y A VI e I i ADMIRAL DFWFY Born in Montpelier, Vt., ) Dec. 25, 1837. i T Y Y b e

pel railroads to use automatic couplers and air-brakes on all cars approved. April 12—American Railway union organized at Chicago. May I—World's Columbian exposition - opened at Chicago. Aug. 15—Behring sea court of arbitration reported. Right of U. S. to a closed sea denied. . Aug. 28—Severe hurricane in South Atlantie states: more than 600 lives lost. Oct. 2—D§structive storm on Gulf of Mexe ico caufed;loss of over 2,000 lives. Oct. 30—Wogrld’'s Columbian exposition closed. Total number of admissions, 27,529,400. Nov. I—Act repealing silyer purchase law approved. ’ : 1894, . : March 25—J. S. Coxey’s army of the come monweal started from Massillon, 0., for Washington. April 23—General strike .of mine workers throughout the country against a reduction of wages. It involved nearly 200,000 men, and was partially successful at the end of two months. June 26—Sympathetic strike ordered on all western railroads by American Railway ~ union. It lasted two months. June 28—Act creating ‘“‘Labor Day,’”’ first Monday in September, approved. Oct. 7—Oliver Wendell Holmes died at Bose ton, aged 86. < 1895, . May 20—Supreme court decided income tax law unconstitutional. ’ May 28—Secretary of State Walter Q. Gresham died, aged 63. ) - Oct. 7—Wm. Wetmore Story, American %Culptor and author, died in Italy, aged Dec. 26—New tariff bill passed. 1896, March 2—Cuban insurgents recognized as belligerents by concurrent resolution of. house and senate. June 18—United States and England agreed to arbitrate Venezuelan boundary dispute. . L July é——Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe dled, aged 84. _ Aug. 17—Gold discovered in Yukon dis‘rict of Alaska by Geo. McCormack. Nov. 3—Twenty-eighth presidential election. William McKinley received 7,107,822 popular and 271 electoral votes; William Jennings Bryan, 6,511,073 popular and 176 electoral votes. 1897. - Jan. 11—Arbitration treaty between United ~ States and Engiand signed. : - July 7T—Dingley tariff bill passed. . 1 Junel6é—Hawaiianannexation treaty signed ~ at Washington. Islands formally annexed - July T. | 1898, ' Feb. 15—Battleship Maine destroyed in Ha< ~ vana harbor by explosion; 266 officers and men killed. April 20—Spanish minister, Polo de Bernade, given his passports. . A April 21—Minister Woodford left Madrid. April 22—Blockade of Cuban ports began:: April 23—President calls for 125,000 volun--teers. T May I—Spanish squadron destroyed at Mae- " nila by American squadron under Com. Dewey. Spanish loss, 400; American loss, none. 7 . June 22—Gen. Shafter with 6,000 troops landed in Cuba. Ha June 24—Advance against Santiago begun by Gen. Shafter. . : June 30—Ladrone islands seized by U. S. ship Charleston. - July 1-2—Battles of El Caney, El Paso and San Juan fought. Spanish driven back to Santiago and siege began. | July 3—Spanish squadron destroyed off Santiago. Spanish loss, 600 killed, 692 prisoners. ] July B—Philippine republic proclaimed by ~_Aguinaldo, : : ; July 17—Santiago surrendered to American army. . ] 3 July 25—Gen, Miles landed in Porto Rico with American army. A July W%?ain sued for peace. e Aug. 12—Peace protocol signed. ; Aug. 13—City of Manila captured by Amers i fcans. ‘ o i Uity - 1899, _

Jan. I—lsland of Cuba transferred to Unite ed States by Spain. Jan. 6—Peace treaty between United States and Spain ratified by senate; vote, 57 to 27. March 30—Malolos, seat of Filipino government, captured by American troops under Gen. MacArthur. : g Dec. 19—Maj. Gen. Henry W. Lawton killed in Philippines. - : 1900, : June—Twelfth census taken; population 76,295,220, _ Sept. B—Galveston. Tex., %ractically de=. stroyed by West Indian hurricane; loss of life estimated at between 5,000 and 8,000, Sept. 17—Strike of anthracite coal miners in Pennsylvania beian. e Nov. 6—Twenty-ninth presidential elece tlon. William McKinley received 292 elege toral votes and Willlam J. Bryan 156

-THE SUKDAY SCHOOL. - l,esson in the Internationnal Series for December 16, 1900—Zaccheuas the Publican. - [Prepared by H.-C. Lenington.] : ~ THE LESSON TEXT. : - (Luke 19:1-10.) 1. And Jesus entered and passed through Jericho. - ! 2. And, behold, there was a man named Zacchaeus, which was the chief among the publicans, and he.was rich. " 3. And he sought to see Jesus who He was; and could not for.the press, because be was little of stature. 4. And he ran. before, and climbed up into a sycamore tree to see Him; for He was to pass that way. 5. And when Jesus came to the place, He looked up, and saw him, and said unto him: Zacchaeus, make haste, and come down: for to-d2y I must abide at thy house. T 6. And he made haste, and came down, and received Him joyfully. 7. And_when they saw it, they all murmured, saying: That He was gone to be guest with a man that is a sinner. 8. And Zacchaeus stood, and said unto the Lord: Behold, Lord, the half of my goods I give to the poor; and if I have taken anything from any man by false accusation, 1 restore him fourfold. 9. And Jesus said unto him: This day is salvation come to this house, for so much as he-also-is a son of Abraham. 1. For:- the Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost. | - GOLDEN TEXT.—The Son of man is come to seek and“to save that which was lost.—Luke 19:10. NOTES AND COMMENTS. No intervening events between last lesson and this are ‘recorded in the Gospel. The time is toward the end of March, A. D., and the place Jericho. LLESSON ANALYSIS. Zaccheus the Man .....................Vs. 1-2 Bound to See Jesus ....cceeeienne....Vs. 3-4 Jesus Calls to Zaccheus ................V. 5 -Zaccheus’ Response ....o.ovveennenn......V. 8 Contemptuous Attitude of Pharisees...V. 7 Zaccheus' Repentance (and) ...........V. 8 5a1vati0n...................................V. § The Mission of Jesus on Earth..........V. 10

_ Zaccheus the Man.—One of the notable things about this lesson is the fact that in so brief a space is so-com-plet€ a description given of one of the story’'s principal characteristics. More things are told about the man Zaccheus than we would at first think possible to be crowded into the limits of ten short verses. (1)- He was a Jew, for Jesus mentions (v. 9) that he was “a son of Abraham.” (2) He was a citizen of the city of Jericho, for it was there that Jesus stayed in his house. (3) He was a publican, or we would say a taxgatherer. (4) He was, before meeting with Jesus, no exception to the general run of taxgatherers—that is, in the way of rapacity and extortion. =We know this from the fact that when he repented he promised to restore fourfold to those from whom he had taken anything “by false accusation.” Some of his weaith was honestly acquired, or he could not have restored fourfold. (5) He was rich both from what he had rightfully earned and wrongfully extorted. (6) He was a leader by nature and disposition, for we are told that he was a chief publican. (7) He was short of stature. (8) He was persistent and determined. We could infer this from the . material success which he had achieved, but. it is shown in the manner by which he accomplished his purpose of seeing Jesus. (9) He was enthusiastic. for we are told he rec&ved Jesus “joyfully.” (10) Lastly, his must have been a more than ordinarily generous disposition; in fact, “a good fellow.” He did not have to restore fourfald to those whom he had overchzﬁged. Many good people would have stopped with - ﬁaying merely the amount wrongfully -taken, adding only the accumulated interest. )

Bound to See Jesus.—He had heard of Jesus probably during more or less of the Master's three years of public ministry. He must have heard of some at least of the wonderful miracles performed. He must have heard of His forcible, authoritative preaching. Me could hardly not have heard of some of the disputes with the pharisees, in whichk every time the latter had retired baffled, defeated. He wanted to see Jesus, but, being shorter.than the erowd, he had to sacrifice his dignity and climb into a tree. “Where there’s a will there's a wav.”

Contemptuous Attitude of the Pharisees.—Contrast Jesus’ open-hearted way in which Jesus had entered into ‘the home of this man, and the small, mean’"man_’ner of the pharisees, who stood aloof and murmured at Jesus having ‘“gone to be guest with a man that is a sinner.” . This was only ancther preof of their self-righteous-ness and bigotry. ve Zaccheus’ Repentance. — Zactheus faced ‘the Christ life and the pharisaical smallness of mind. In this hour he found himself compelled to choose between sin and righteousness.

Zaccheus’ Salvation. — Jesus commended Zaccheus for the stand he had taken and impliedly rebuked the pharisees, for Jesus says “he also is a son of Abraham.” - Though a publican, Zaccheus had repented of the evil he kad done. He was a Jew, but._more than this' he had now become a “son of Abraham” in a way the pharisees had not. o

The Mission of Jesus.—But Jesus had a further reason for associating with sueh’ men as Zaccheus. It was His supreme mission on earth to bring back the sinners to the way of eternal life,” “to seek and to save tha* which was lost,” : - EUROPEAN ECHOES. Twenty-eight different kinds of food are needed to feed the animals in the Berlin Zoo. - The imperial board of health has just reported that there were 22 known cases of leprosy in Prussia last year. - - : The apple crop of Baden, Germany, was s 0 abundant that the assistance of soldiers had to be asked for its harvesting. : : " Prices paid for labor in Russia and Siberia are exceedipgly low—from 15 cents to $1.50 a day, the laborers in every case feeding themselves out of their earnings. - = | ~ Finnish immigration, which reached a high-water mark last year, is likely to show a great falling off this year, Although it is not known it may be the czar’s policy toward the Finns is taking a less strenuous course. -In 1897 out of 458,082 individuals who were married in the 8,000 communes of Italy, only 253,000 could sign their names in the municipal registries, and 37 out of every 100 recruits of that year could neither