Ligonier Banner., Volume 30, Number 1, Ligonier, Noble County, 18 April 1895 — Page 2

A HARD BLOW. . Bupreme Court Decision Cripples . the Income Tax Law. . , mavilords and Bondholders Are Exempt #romn Payment on Rent Profits and Ind terest on State, County and - : Municipal Securities, WasaINeTON, April 9.—As forecasted . By the newspapers for several days, the wapreme court has decided that - te income tax law is ‘uncon- - w&kmtional so . far - as it affects fmeeanes derived from rents and real astate or from state, county,and muwicipal bonds. The court was divided =% 0 the remainder of the law, and as ke decision of the court below was in fwror of its constitutionality, that deeimiom must stand. ~ - An Accurate Forecast. Thief Justice Fuller read the decision Tmiore one of the largest audi- . waees that ever crowded into the ssmrtroom. . The closest attténtion wmwes accorded” him, but it was soon wrilent that the press forecast had een an accurate one, and hence there was Jess interest taken in the decision wumn would have been the case had it med already been discounted in the | agrwepapers.. i « How the Justices Stood. Tpon the question of the constitu#onality of the taxation of incomes #rom state and munieipal bonds the . woart was unanimously in the negae, ; > 4 Wpon the «question of taxation of ments the court stood as follows: Afirming the law —.Justices Harlan and TWhise. A Againat the law—Chief Justice Fuller, Jusiiews Field, Gray, Brewer, Browynd Shiras. Upon the general question of the spnstitutionality of the law, the court is said to be divided as follows: | For the law—-Justices. Harlan, Brewer, Brown and White. Against the law—Chief Justice Fuller, Juswees Field, Gray and Shiras. - Synopsis of 'the Decision. ’ The conclusions of the court were stated to be as follows: A That by the constitution federal taxation " i @ivided into two great classes: Direct taxes sai duties, imports and excises. . ' % That the imposition of direct taxes is @sverned by the rule of apportionment among e several states, according to numbers, and ke imposition of duties, imposts and excises %y the rule of uniformity throughout the - Umited States. ; L .2 That the principle that taxation and repmesentation go together was intended to be a4l was prescribed in the constitution by the seiablishment of the rule of apportienment - mxpong the several states, so that such appor‘donment should be according to numbers in auch state. 4 That the states surrendered their power W levy imposts and to regulate commerce to e general government and gave it the con‘awarrent power to levy direct taxes in reliance #a the pratection afforded by the rules pre--@mexibed, and that the compronises of the conmisetion cannot be disturbed by legislative seion, . 5 That these conclusions result from the wext of the constitution, and are supported by ske historical evidence furnished by the ciraomstances surrounding the. framing and adoption of that instrument, and the views of wooso who framed and adopted it. . % XWhat the understanding and expectation % the time of' the adoption of the consitution was that direct taxes would -20% be levied Dby the general governmant: except under the . press’ure of exwmordinary exigency, and such has been the Fractice down to August 15, 1894. If the power % €0 s 0 is to be exercised as an ordinary and wenal means of supply, that fact furnishes an adaditional reason for circumspection in diswsinﬁgt the present case. : 74 Qat taxes on real estate belong to the giuss of direct taxes, and that the taxes on the seus or income of real estate, which is the insidens of its ownerslip, ' belong to the same ~Mlass, % That by no previous decisien of this court iba vinls question been adjudicated to the con“rary of the conclusions now announced. i Umat so much of the act of August 135, 1894, s attempts to impose a tax upon the rent or agome of real estate without apportionment B 8 AuvEdid. o Thev court is further of opinion that the act af Aungust 15 1894, is invalid so far as it attemnyts: %@ _levy a tax upon the income + derived’ from municipal bonds. - As a muateipal corporation is the representative of thestase and one of the instrumentalities of the stase government, the property and revenues of municipal corporations are not the subjects at: federal taxation, »nor is the income Feriwed from state, county and municipal sgemirities, since taxation on the interest sherefrom operates on the power to borrow “efore it is exercised and has a sensible influLA, tha contract, and therefore such a tax ‘ma.»:,g on the power of thestates and their 2 entalities to borrow money, and consequently repugnant to the constitution. Jassices Arb Divided in Opinion, - Jppmeush of the other questions argued at e bar, to-wit: 1. Whether the void provisivas as to rents and income from real estate fovalidates the whole act? 2. Whether as to e inenme of the personal property as such, the act is unconstitutional as laying direct taxes? 4! Whether any part of the tax, if not cof- " addered as a direct tax, 1s invalid for want of axiformity on either of the grounds suggested? syhe justices 'who heard the argument are sgually divided and therefore, no opinion is sxpressed. . The result is that the decree of the circuit zourt is reversed and the cause remanded with Airections to enter o decree in favor of com‘ajnant in respect only of the voluntary payment of the tax on the rents and income of - its :n%l estate and that which it holds in trust, and on the income’ from the municipal bonds aswhed or so held by it : ‘ * Thé Line of Argument. S ‘The power to decide a law unconstitutional, e chief justice said, was used with relucmmnee, but the responsibility could not be svaded when the necessity arose. The conwentions respecting vhis law were; 3. That a tax on rents was a tax on real esmie, and that not being laid according to appertionment it was invalid, | 2 That it was not uniform, and a violation ) she constitutional requirements that such + imxes shall be laid wjth uniformity. Under #is head came the exceptionsin favor of those . persons who wers not in possession of' am income of $4,000; of mutual insurance awmpanies, savings banks and partoerships, all organized for and doing the same business 38 that of corporations authorized by the wates. These exceptions, it was held, were arbitrary and capricious, and not based upon’ sound public policy. i Fi ] & That incomes from investments in state and wmunicipal bords could nos be tuxed : | Taxation, Direct and Indireot. 1 . Thoe chief justice proceeded to a considera#don of the constitutional requirements with sespect to the imposition of taxation, direct .- aad indirect, and suaid that the framers of the - sonstitution intended to make the consenpof shose who were expected to pay essential to ‘she validity of any tax. They had just some out of a conflict upon the great principle’ - »f wxation with representation, and they were intended to go together—ahat congress ‘should so impose a tax that it would fall with " swen force and effect n;on all of the constitu- . mots of those who voted for it. ; o ‘' Eaterpreting the Constitution. . : mm question to be considered, said . ®npiet { ler, was whether or not & tax. . wn rents is a direct tax within the meaning . w 1 the constitution? It had -always been | %el, he said, that a tax on estate, . mes}) or personal, was a direct tax, but it might “ % that the conpt,lﬁptéoh _had o’ different 5 ﬂvpﬂg and that it was to be ap- ~ .plied to this case In that view it became : % to inquire what were dgeeg; < smxes avtl MM&W% a 4 adopted. . The tifty-three membe: ﬁ the cons ‘hm;g;a_! - wonvention were men of great /sagacity, ~ witve to % he duties and responsibilities of their ~ #rusi. They had before them the example of © “Mzeat Britain and the constitutions of the ’.«11,?,:?‘.5;;;’.“"-'.‘{sv:;..;’d«:é‘-af..« i s el gL W*)g: T ~“vufw*f’s§s “'M sy oatag kol soaute [P ,@*’mﬂﬁ"#"‘fmd Yo :;"“ . ézi'-‘ ”j:u‘ﬁfﬂif »ﬁ{‘q'r : x&:’z,z e ‘p;;.&;.#m 'é «5; «,a 'w{kﬁ ?»’%i:ﬁ G 5 ey 1# PR e "&"Ttuwﬂﬁy‘m&my‘»ﬁ; .mﬂf S T

of the conyentlow that the expectation was that a direct ta: Would be sthe last resors of ¢%mess;,‘ § o WM e $. “What the constitution intended to prevent, sald the chief justice, ‘‘was that no tax should be laid on the residents of any state by the representatives of other states.” The exercise of the power to levy direct taxes was to be restricted to extraordinary occasions. ' In conclusion, therefore, ipon this point, the chief justice announced that the court were of the opinfon that that part of the law imposing taxes upon rents obtained from real e;tau was invalid. : ¢ ‘ State and Municipal Bonds Exempt. * Next in order the opinion considered the third objection fo the law: That {t imposed a tax upon the incomes derived from investments in state and municipal bonds, and was therefore fnvalid. : Chief Justice Fuller reasserted the general principle that the tax on governmeént .bonds was held to be a tax on contracts and prejudicial to the public interest. It was therefore obvious that such a tax onthe power of states or municipalities to make contracts was prejudical to public policy snd therefore unconstitutional Field and White Read Opinions. Justices Field and White read independent opinions, the former holding ‘the law wholly invalid. " Should Be Declared Null and Void. Justice Field devoted some time to a review of the provisions regarding rents, and denounced the principle sought to be established. by the income tax law. Many of his conelusions were in conformity with those expressed by the chief justice. He also attacked the law on account of its lack of uniformity, and dwelt upon its exemptions and the many discrimina= tions found therein In conclusion Justice Field announced his opinion that_the whole law of 1894 should be declared to ge null and void ; Thinks the Law All Right. Justice White prefaced his dissenting opinion with the statement that the custom of rendering long dissents in a court of last resort was more honored in the breach than in the observance. Their only effect was to ‘weaken the efficiengy of the opinion of the court. Justice White said he should not speak but for the fact that the court had overruled and set aside - established precedents and the sEttled and uniform doctrine of the supreme court down to the present time. He regretted that at this late day this court should thus overthrow and nullify an ‘act of congress, supported and afirmed by all text writers and by every @ecision of the supreme court of the United “States. . When the fathers constructed our form of government, they gave it, not limited, but unlimited power tolevy taxes, with but one exception —that of taxing exports. The assertion that the constitutional power of congress was limited was, he thought, the fundamental error in the ' reasoning of the majority of this court. The great question before the court was, is the income tax a direcy tax? That question was practically decided on a hundred years ago, and he did not deem it necessary to enter into an elaborate review of the cases that had been decided. : KEffect of the Decision. : WABHINGTON, April 9.—The effect of the supreme court decision on the income tax law so far as the treasury department officials can , determine after a hurried estimate made Monday afternoon will be a reduection of about one-half in the revenue originally estimated as obtainable from that source, thus making the annual revenue to be expected about $15,000,000. The original estimate of $30,000,000 per year was based on the assumption that the law would be held to ke constitutional in all its provisions. = A Dlsappolntnqent. The president was informed of the income tax decision shortly after it was rendered by the supreme court, and at 1:30 he summoned ' Secrctary Carlisle to the executive mansion and the two discussed the matter for some time. Other members of .the cabinet dropped: in later, among them the attorney general. The decision was a disappointment, but the administration will at once issue instructions to collectors of internal revenue to conform to the emasculated law. Secretary Carlisle followed his well defined custom not to discuss the matter for publication. S Will Accept the Decision. Attorney General Olney said the government would mnot ask for a rehearing, but would accept the decision as rendered. He was not surprised at that portion of it excepting municipal and state bonds- from taxation, but expressed the hope that the question of rents might be brought before the court in some other shape, ‘when he entertained the strong belief that the present attitude of the court would be revised. - - No Extra Session of Congress. WASHINGTON, April 9.—The president on being asked Monday afternoon whether in view of the .decision of the supreme court on the income tax law an extra session of congress would be called, said that mneither he nor the secretary of the treasury saw any necessity for such action, and that unless there was an unexpected change inconditions, he had no idea that congress would meet again before the time appointed for its regular session.

HE IS SORRY. | Rev., Dr. Lnnsln&. Apologizes to President Cieveland for His Charges. BosTox, April 9.—Rev. 1. J. Lansing, whose references to the president in his address before the Newy England conference at Salem last Thursday night provoked extended criticism, gives out the following statement: ‘‘My allusion made in a temperanceaddress at Salem, on Thursday, April 4, to the drinking habits of the president of the United States, was based partly on common report and partly on the testimony of eye-witnesses. From various and independent sources which I believed to be wholly reliable. I had been informed that the president had been seen, on different occasions and in the presence of many persons, in an intoxicated condition.From the substantial and detailed character of these statements I- supposed there was no doubt as to the facts alleged. I therefore made this allusion as & matter of common report. basing my confidence on the testimony of personal and, I suppose, credible ‘witnesses. The names of these witnesses obviously, I cannot ‘with propriety reveal, since, sharing their knowledge in common with many others, they might justly shrink from being singled out and called to verify that to which not only they bnt equally with themselves, had ocular proof. . i 1 =L must therefore say tiat if my statement’ reprodueing such testimony is not in harmony with facts, I regret having made it. Icould have neither desire nor motive for saying anything nnkind or uncharitable of tie president or of any party whatsoever. ~The case’ being one of conflict of testimony betweep witnesses of equal credibility, I eannot decide, and since I have no personal knowledge apsert: from the testimony, I withdraw the state‘ment, and terider apologies and sincere regrets to the president ol the United States snd to the publie.” o it :

‘ RUSH OF WATERS. = Damage Cauked by the Breaking of 3 «Mil=Race in Ohio. . . AKRON, 0., April 9.—The large .millrace of the American Cereal ccinpany, formerly the Ohio and Pennsylvania canal, gave way under pressure of “high water Monday mornipg and the ‘water rushed in a torrent down the ‘valley. The track of the Valley rails ‘road and of the Akron, Cuyahoga & Toledo electric line were washed out for some distance. K Several small ‘buildings, none g? them tenanted, were swept away.. A Valley switch engine crashed into the washout and rolled to the foot of the hill. Charles | Konrad. the engineer, had three ribs broken and was frightfully bruised, John Daly, fireman, escaped with cuts and severe bruises. The damage will ‘amount to about $6,000. i

.+ END OF A FEUD. A Sensational Tragedy Enacted at o Covington, Ky. - Bank Cashier Sanford Attempts the Life of State Sepator Goebel and Tls |, Himself Shot Dead by the : : ! . Latter. ’ | CovingToN, Ky., April 13.—State Senator Goebel shot and killed Cashier John Sanford, of the Farmers’ and Traders’ bank, Thursday afternoon in front of the First national bank of this city. Senator Goebel, accompavpied by Attorney General Hendrick, of Kentucky, and Frank Helm, president of the First national bank, was en route to the bank. When they reached the door there stood Sanford., He shook hands with Hendricks, using his left hand. Then he asked ,Goeb‘Fl if he wrote an article attaclking | him. . Goebel answered: I did.” Immediately Sanford fired, the ball bassing through ‘Goebel’s -pantaloons. Quick as a flash Goebel fired. To do so he had to place the pistol be- | neath Helm’s chin. The ball crashed through Sanford’s forehead. Sanford fell in the doorway of the bank, blood ’oozixig from an ugly wound. Helm'’s chin was badly powder-burned. For years Theodore Hallam and Barvey Meyers, two of the brightest lawyers in the south, have been ‘the = democratic leaders of this county. Goebel appeared on the Lﬁeldf while they +were at ' the -zenith of their career and under the puise of an anti-ringster, fought for prestige in the party. He was frequently rewarded most generously and ’came: deservedly popular. Personal ill-feeling naturally resulted and it i was not confined tothe leaders. Partisans;sprung‘ from every quarter. San- ! ford was one of these and he espoused the ¢ause of Hallam and Meyers. ; Persoenal encounters and convention fights were numerous. Itis notan ex‘aggeration to say that a hundred citizens have constantly carried pistols for the past three years, expecting an attack any moment. ; - Last Saturday an article appeared in a Cavington paper called the Ledger, in which a Dbitter attack was made ‘upon Sanford. The headline of the article referred to Sanford in the most depraved:language. The publication aroused Sanford and his friends, who declared that they would have ‘satisfaction from the author. It was generally said- about the streets of Covington that Senator ‘Goebel was at least responsible for the publication of the article, and that neither Mr. Goebel nor his friends took thée trouble to deny the allegation. CovineToN, Ky., April 15.—A coroner’s jury has cleared Senator Goebel of the shooting of Cashier Sanford Thursday afternoon. At an inquest held Friday morning the jury found ‘that Sanford came to his death froma wound caused by a pistol ball fired from the hands of William Goebel in self-defense.

BUILDINGS COLLAPSE. Six Men Are Killed, and as Many More In~ 4 jured at Wheeling, \V Va. WaEELING, W. Va., April 11.—At 8:20 o’clock Tuesday morning one of the most fearful disasters in the history of Wheeling occurred. Two of the handsomest buildings in the city fell in with scarcely a moment’s warning, burying & dozen men within the ruins. The ruins caught fire and before the fire department arrived were giving rise to a dense, blinding smoke, which made the work of rescuing very difficult. : : - At noon the following men had been taken out dead, or are known to be lost: : ; R Father F. H. Park, vicar general: W. S. Pritcbard, merchant, Buckhannon, W. Va.; Eugene Burke, an employe of Hutchisson & Co.; Rober Wincher. boy, employed by Hutchisson & Co.; Harry Cowl, Western Urnion messenger; Michael Horan. : The injured are: , T. T. Hutchisson, senior member of Hutchisson & C 0.,, one rib broken and -internal injuries; will probably recover;. O. B. Williams, carpenter, severe cuts on the head, not serious: G. W: Clifton| carpenter, severe cuts on head, not serious; M. J. Ford, salesman, hip broken; Charles Haller, bookkeeper, and H. Blum escaped unhurt. : " The cause of the accident was the defective construction of the Hutchisson building which was weakened a year or so.ago by the addition of two stories. ! f PLEAD GUILTY. G‘r#at Northern Strikers Fined for Obb structing the Mails. : - FERGUS FALLs, Minn,, April 13.—1 n théz United States court Thursday Grant Mason, of Barnesville, was tried for obstructing the mails during the Great Northern strike last April. The testimony was brief, and the jury found him guilty. His conviction was followed by the conspiracy case against seven Barnesville men, and during its progress the defendants all agreed to plead guilty of obstructing the mails. - The conspiracy case was stopped, and after addressing the men briefly, Judge Nélson sentenced each to pay a fine of $lOO and until the fine was paid each to be committed in the Otter Tail county jail. * Sentence, however, was not to become operative till moved by the district attorney. The effect of this is to allow the men to pay their fines in installments. . Two paid in full and the others paid half and will pay the bh{ anice before September..

i Had No Right to Vote. - CeEDAR BAPIDS, la., April 12.—1 n the district court at Marion Judge Thompson handed - down am important decision, being the first in the state on the question involved. An election was recently held in the Kenwood school district for the election of directors and division of the distriet. 'When those opposed to the proposition learned it w_%uld carry a number of women were induced to vote and the proposition was defeated. He decided that the lowa law granting women the right to vote at school and municipal elections on tax levies was unconstitutional on the ground that the constitution of the state provided that only male citizens may vote. . ie . L ;. © ° Bit the Dust. Kaxgas Crry, Mo., April 13.—~A special from Hennessey, O, T., says: The Lacey mail carrier brings news of another battle between the Dover train robbers and United States marshals, ip which two more outlaws have been Ml o i ' Barred Out of Wisconsin: - 2 'MApisoN, Wis., April 11.-~lhsurance. Commissioner Fricke has refused the 1}\&1"&%&&1‘1’ of the World’s Life and Accident Insurance company, of Minneapolis, to do: business in Wisconsin as » mutual benefit association.

DEMAND FOR HIGHER WAGES.. :D)in Thinks It an Obstacle to Trade ImAL provement. : ‘NEw Yorg, April 15.—R. G. Dun & Co.’s weekly review of trade says: “Progress toward befter business continues, but is slow and meets many obstacles. In speculative aspects and in wholesale demand for goods, the week shows improvement. Money markets are undisturbed, and a little more active. But among the chief obstacles is ' the anxiety of operatives to secure better wages, even while many manufacturing works are running without profit and others at the risk of loss. In a number of establishmeuts better wages have been conceded, thus increasing the purchasing power.of the people. but strikes have largely overbalanced settlements, several of importance having thrown about 12,000 workers out of employment this week. : : “Failures for the first four days of April showed liabilities of $1.188,523, of which 8445,~ 840 were of manufacturing, and $742.683 cf trading concerns. Failures for the week were 207 in the United States, against 218 last year, a.qd 27 in Canada against 34 last year.’> ‘ Bradstreet’s says: ; : “The feature in trade circles is found in the prices movement. more particnlarly those for cattle, dressed beef and petroleum. Drought, low prices and ‘hard times' within two years have resulted in a shorter supply of cattle, prospectively 30 per- cent..less than last year. Live cattle are $1.60 higher per 100 pounis than last year,and $! higher than the lowest point this year. Dressed beef is 234 cents higher than the average last year, the highest since 1885. . The comparativq scarcity of high grade cattle is emphasized by the fact that present quotations, when made in previous periods of scarcity, have never failed to bring a supply when one existed. : “Central western cities, notably St. Louis Chicago, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Louisville and Detroit, report improvement in business and. confidence as to the future. Greatest activity Aswnoticed in dry goods, hats, shoes and leaf tobacco. : ;. “Recent rains have produced a cheerful feeling in the agricultural region tributary to Kagsas City, Omaha, Des Moines, Milwaukee, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Duluth. The consequent improvement is=not as great as hoped because of activity in planting. The movement of machinery. dry goods, groceries, hardware, phints and oils is most active. “Among re important southern cities reporting actual gains in the movement of mer chandise are Atlanta, Augusta, Savannah and Galveston, but improvement there is slight. The outlook is regarded more cheerfully at New Orleans,where sugar bounty disburseinentsare expected soon, but at Jacksonville and Birmingham general trade is quiet, and in some, lines slow. Nashville and Memphis retain improvement previously recorded. At Chattanooga dry goods and hardware. are relatively most active.

EXTRAORDINARY ACTIVITY. ‘ Qil Takes a Skyronket Jumi) — New Wells l ‘ ' Being Drilled. i S Prrrseuren, Pa., April 15.—The exs traordinary movement lin the oil: market this week from $1.17 last Saturday to $l.BO Thursday, with a net advance of 52 cents, has revived{ the fever to the intensest degree. ! There never was a time in the history! of the business when the wild-cat operator was more alert than now. Men are in the field night and day looking: for possible developments. - ToLEDO, 0., April 15.—0il took a regular skyrocket jump Friday and never stopped until it had advanced .2414 cents per barrel on North Lima and Indiana products and 271 cents on South Lima. This is an advance of over 40 cents per barrel during the last four days. There is a regular craze in the Ohio fleld within twenty minutes ride of Toledo, and the. drillers are getting into the earth as fast as derricks can be erected. The oil fever now has assumed the proportions of a mania, and everybody is trying td | get in on the ground . floor in securing territory. This is really the center of the northwestern oil field, as there are over 1,000 men in Toledo who are working the fields in Ohio, Indiana and southern Michigan, Several mew companies were formed Friday, and capital to a large amount has been pledged for the purpose of opening all the new territory that can be leased. ; ; i

ADVISED TO PLANT POTATOES. Northwestern Favmers. led‘ al Rally '.{ Consider the Subject. : ST. PAUL, Minn., April 13.—Western, Minnesota saw a gathering of farmers here such as even the most exciting political campaign could mnot Dbring together. At the little town of Dawson, near the western border of the state, about 2,000 people attended the great ‘‘potato rally” arranged by the Minneapolis & St. Louis railroad. * Two large meetings were held; at each of whieh W. M. Hopkins, géneral freight agent of the Minneapolis & St.: Louis, and S. H. Hall, the potato ex-| pert, addressed the farmers on theneed: of diversifying their farming operations: and the special advantage of the potato as a profitable crop for substitution, in: part, far the inevitable but not always| successful wheat. Great enthusiasm. was manifested. : {

- BATTLE IN CUBA. _ An Engagement in Which ‘the Govern- = ment Lost 380 Soldiers. 5 TAMPA, Fla., April 12.—Late reports from Havana assert that the steamer Manuilita has just arrived from Santiago with more than 300 wounded, Spanish soldiers. They were taken to the hospitals there because the hospitals at Santiago are crowded. A letter from Santiago -mentions a battle at Trosones. near the *Canto ' river, in which ‘the Spanish general Salceda, with 1,000 men, engaged a band of the revolutionists under Rabi. The Spanish loss was said to be 380, while the Cuban loss was four killed and thirty-nine wounded: The Spanish troops were mostly boys, the letter states, and in the battle pity was taken on many who were caught xg.:h their lives were spared. . ‘;‘\s Twenty-Three Perish. . 4 SEATTLE, Wash., April 11. — Special dispatches to the Post-Intelligencer have been received hers from Whatcom, Wash., giving %ull particulars of the disaster at-Blue Canyon mine in ~which twenty-three miners lost their lives. - : i The explosion occurred shortly before 8 o'clock, when -the shif would have been changed, and the miners were already climbing the steep hill to take the places of the men killed. This disaster was undoubtedly caused by an accumulation of firedamp, which was exploded by a blast in the breast of the gangway. t

, ‘Russia Growls, ; : 1 St. PETERSBURG, April 18.—The Novoe Vremya says if Great Britain has approved the territorial demands of Japan in regard to Manchuria and Corea Russia will consider itself relieved of the obligations of ‘common action and will oppose Japan on land and on the sea. Sy il Watson Is Sworn Tn, = " DovEßs Del., Aprit 12.—The death ot Gov. Marvil was officially announced to the senate by Secretary: of State Smithers and Speaker Watson (dem.) _took the oath of office,and is now hﬁ\}p_ _governor of the state of%ﬂé}w@sﬁ’b, P

| E "HIDEQOUS CRIMES. | e They Are Charged Against a Well- - Known Man in San Francisco. ! % e 54‘!10 Deaad and Mutilated Bodies of Two Young Ladies Found in a Chll£oho { and He Is Arrested on Suspicion h “of Being the Murderer. o .| BAN FrAXcisco, April 15.—The Emanwel Baptist cHurch at Bartlett street, between Twenty-second and Twentythird, in this city, has been the scene of two of the most atrocious mur‘ders ever committed in the state.. Saturday the mutilated “body of Minnie Williams was found in the library of the building. Sunday I the nule body of Blanche Lamont was fiound in the tower of the same church. The same hand, the authorities® believe, slew both girls, and W. H.T. Durant, the young man suspected of both ¢rimes, is now in custody. ‘ | Blanche Lamont and Minnie Williams ~were members of the Emanuel church dand members of the Sunday school %lpss. They were both 21 years old, branettes and pretty and modest girls. Both had been the recipients of attentions from a young medical student named V. BT Durant, who is also the librarian of the church and the I'}ecretary of the young people’s sotiety of the church. . On April 3 Miss Lamont disappeared. Diligent search failed to reveal any trace of her, and her aunt, Mrs. Noble, with whom she had been living, was ‘unable to throw any light on the affair. The last person seen in her company fvas W. .T. Durant, who, it seems, had been on friendly terms with the fissing girl. | : ' ; On Saturday about 11:10 p. m. the mutilated body of Minnie Williams was found in the library of the church. The | ;{Fir]: had been assaulted and her remains were cutand hacked. Onfurther ?xamination it was found she had been ‘‘gagged, the assailant tearing part 'of her underclothing and thrusting it 'down her throat with a sharp stick, ‘badly lacerating her tongue. Two witinesses say they saw a young man and a |young woman, the former answerihg | the description of Durant and the lat‘ter that of Minnie Williams, enter the E church. Following this clew the poglice at once put the residence of Du- ' rant under surveillance. ' : . The two murders are so closely connected that it is mow mnecessary to go ‘back to the Lamont case. Saturday :Mrs. Noble- the -aunt of Miss Lamont, received through = the mails a paper containing the four rings worn by her mniece the day ‘she . disappeared. On the paper were ‘_written the name and address of Theodore Durant. This, together with the fact that' Miss Williams, an in‘timate friend of Miss Lamont, -had been heard to say she knew Blanche had been murdered, but refused to tell what she Lknew, led the police to suspect that some one who had killed Miss Williams had slain Miss Lamont, and that, learning that Miss Williams knew of his crime, attempted further concealment by committing a second murder. ;

Late Saturday night the detectives had about decided Durant had murdered Miss Williams, and this theory was further strengthened Sunday morning after making a thorough search of the Emanuel church.- The dead and outraged body of Miss Lamont was found toncealed in the steeple. Death had been caused by ' strangulation. The nude body was lying just inside the door of the lower room., Arcund the neck were blue streaks, and marks of fingers that had been pressed deep into the tender flesh. The mouth was open, showing the teeth. The features were badly distorted, being drawn, and the lips were swollen and blood-stained. The girl’s hair was matted with dirt and hung loosely about her shoulders. As soon as the news became known immense crowds surrounded the church and had to be kept back by the police. The chief of police sent for Rev. Dr. Gibson, pastor of the church, and the report became current that he had been accused of the ecrimes and had been arrest:?/ The rumors of the arreést were'later denied and it became known that. Dr. Gibson and the sexton of the church had been merely called to tell what they knew.

At 5 o'clock came the news that Durant had been arrested at Walnut creek, on the road to Mount Diablo. He was caught by Detective Anthony, who left in pursuit of him early Sunday morning. The' detective and his prisoner left on- the next train for San Francisco, where they arrived Sunday evening,.and he was locked up in the city prison. :

i THE LOST CHICORA. ‘ Wreckage from the 111-Fated Vessel Comes Ashore. | NEw BuUrFAvro, Mich.,, April 15.— Since the wind; has shifted' Chicora wreckage is coming ashore in vast quantities here. Sunday afternoon a large piece of the roof of the pilot house was found. It-had been chopped away from the sides of the pilot house, showing plainly that the crew’' had made an effort to save the novle craft. The front flagstaff was found Saturday afternoon and the lid to a sailor’s chest was found Sunday morning, also’ several broken clothes baskets and portions of chairs and stools. Wreckage is found in such large quantities that people with wagons are gathering it up for firewood. : NEW YORK'S POPULATION. Police Census Partly Estimated Shows 3 - 1,862,509 Residents. New York, April 15.—New York city hasa population of 1,862,509. These are the tigures according to the officially completed returns of thepolice census for 1,097 election districts supplemented by unofficial compilations for the remaining forty-four districts. It is expected by Twesday, night the full official returns will be in, and they will show there has been a large increase in the population of the city over the last federal census. The census has been taken in a careful manner, © " Want Equal Rights. ; . Rareten, N. C.; April 15.—A new organization among mnegroes is being established in this state. Its name is: the National Equal Rights Couneil of the United States, and its main pur pose is securing' “equal rights” forcolored people at hotels and all @ places, and also the right for eotored men to marry White women. -+ ~ Jealousy %m;egm' of a Tragedy. . Tacoms, Wash, April 15, — Mike Pleifle 4 'ear sépairer, Sunday momn: ing shot and kiled “his sweetheart, Mggle Kothdet] thés et e woned Rk i T s R B e Fs i ST T T ‘himself, Jealousy was the cause, =

' CLEVELAND ON FINANCE. He Urges the Agitation of the Adoption : of a Stable Currency. = : WasHiNgTON, April 15. — President Cleveland has declined the invitation of Chicago business men to visit that city and to speak in the interests of sound money. In hisletter of declination he says: A : -“lhope the event will mark the beginning of an earnest and aggressive effort to disseminate among the people safe and prudent finan~ cial ideas. Nothing more important can engage the attention of patriotic citizens, because nothing is so vital to the welfare of our fellow-countrymen and to the strength, prosperity and honor of our nation. : : “The situation we are confronting demands. that those who appreciate the importance of this subject and those who ought to be the first to see impending danger should no longer remaln indifferent or overconfident. i “If the sound money sentiment abroad in the land is to save us frorh mischief and disaster it must be crystallized and combined and made’ fmmediately active. It is dangerous to overlook the fact that a vast number of our people, with" scant opportunity thus far to examine the question in all its aspects, have nevertheless been ingeniously pressed with specious suggestions which in this time of misfortune and depression find willing listeners, prepared to give credence toany scheme which is plausibly presented as a remedy for their unfortunate condition. : : ‘*What. is now needed more than anything else is a plain and simple presentation of the argument in favor of sound money. Tn other ‘words itis a time for the American people to reason together as members of = a great nation which can promise them a continuance of protection and safety only 8o long as itsinsolvency is unsuspected. its honor unsullied and the soundness of its money unquestioned. These things are ill exchanged for the illusions of a debased currency and groundless'hope of advantages to be gained by. a disregard of our financial credit. and commercial standing among thHe nations of the world. : “If our people were isolated from all others and if the question of our curreancy could be treated without regard to - our relations to other countries its:.character would .be a matter of compairatively little importance. If the American people were only concerned in the maintenance of ‘their life among theinselves -they might return to the old days of barter and in this-primitive manner acquire from each other the materials to supply the wants of their existence. But if American civilization were satisfied with this it would abjectly fail in its high and noble missior, BN ‘‘ln these restless days the farmer is tempted by the assurance that,though our currency may be debased, redundant and uncertain, such a situation will improve the price ot his products, Let us remind him that he must buy as wellas sell; that his dreams of plenty are shaded by the uncertainty that if the priceof the things he has to sell is nominally enhanced. the cost of the things he must buy ‘will not remain stationary; that the best prices, which cheap money proclaims, , are unsubstantial and elusive, and that even if they were right and palpable he must necessarily be left far behind in the race for their enjoyment. “It ought not to be difflcult to convince the wage-earner that if there were benefits arising from a degenerated currency they would reach him least of all and last of all. In an unhealthy stimulation of prices an increased cost of all the needs of his home must long be his portion, while he is at the same time vexed with vanishing visions of Increased wages and’ an easier lot. The pages of history and experience are full of this lesson: L 1 *An insidious attempt is made to create a prejudice against the advocates of a safe and sound currency by the insinuation, more or less directly made, that they belong to financial and business classes, and are therefore not only out of sympathy with the common people of the land, but for seltish and wicked purposes are willing to sacritice the interests of those outside their circle. ‘ *1 believe that capital and -wealth, through combination and other means, sometimes gain an undue advantage; and it must be conceded that the maintainance of a sound currency may, in a sense, be invested in a greater or less importance to individuals accordtngi]to their condition and circumstances. It is however, only a difference in degree, since it is utterly im=possible that any one in our broad land, rich or poor, whatever may be his occupation, and whether dwelling in a center of finance and commerce or in a remote corner ot our domain, can be really benefited by a financial scheme not alike beneficial to all our people, or that any one should be excluded from a.common &nd universal ‘interest in the safe character and stable value of the curzsency of the country.

*ln our relation to this guyestion we are all in business, for we all buy anasell, so we all have to do with financial cperations, for we all earn money and spend it. 'We cannot escape our interdependence. Merchants and dealers are in every neighborhood, and each has its shops and manufactories. Wherever the wants of man exist business and finance in some degree are found, related in one direction to those whose wants they supply and in another to the more extensive business and finance 'to which they are tributary. A fluctuation in prices at the seaboard is known the same day or hour in the remotest hamlet. The discredit or depreciation in financial centers of any formi-of money in the hands of thé . people is a signal of immediate loss everywhere. /

“If reckless discontent and wild experiment should sweep our currency from its safe support the most defenseless of all who suffer in that time of distress and national discredit will' be the poor as they reckon the los§in their scanty support, and ‘the laborer and workingman as he sees the ‘money he has received for his toil shrink and shrivel in his hand when he tenders it for the necessaries to supply « his ' humble home. Disguise it as we may, the line .of battle is drawn between the forces of safe currency and those of silver monometallism. I will not believe that if our people are afforded an intelligent opportunity for sober second thought they will sanction schemes that, however cloaked, mean disaster and confusion, nor that they will consent, by undermining the foundation of a safe éurrency. to endanger the benefli= cent character and purposes of their ‘government. Yours very truly. j ¥ : **GROVER CLEVELAND."

REACHES $2.00 MARK. Excitement in Oil Still Continues, with Prices Tending Upward. PITTSBURGH, Pa., April 15.—Just before the close of the 01l market Saturday 7,000 barrels of May option were sold at $2, fulfilling the .prediction of many oil men made several days ago. It then reacted to $1.98% and closed at $1.99 bid. Oil has beendisecovered near Jamestown, Tenn. At the depth of 1,000 feet the flow was struck and it ran fully twenty-five barrels per hour. S : ..~ Reward for Perry’s Recapture. : New YoORK, April 15.—The American Express company, through its president, James C. Fargo, offers a reward ' of $l,OOO for the capture of Oliver C. Perry, the train-robber, who escaped from the Matteawan asylum. b ; . Ore for Lake Shipment. CLEVELAXND, 0., April 15.—Between 4,000,000 and 4,500,000 gross tons of iron ore have been sold thus far for luke shipment during the coming season of lake navigation. This includes 1,500,000 tons purchased by the Carnegie company. The total production of iron: ore in the lake regioén' for the year is ‘variously estimated at from 8,000,000 to 1000000 tens. - L U LTI Ex-Gov. Waite an Editer. DENVER, Col., April 15.—The Nation’s ‘Crisis is the name of a new weekly paper established in this city, of which ex-Gov. Davis H. Waite will be editor. } «Sweant Shops"” Burned. . , " Niw Yorx, April 15.—Fire destroyed a five-story factory building at. Nos. 234 and 236 Cherry. street and two. gtables adjoining " it. The factory .building was occupied: mostly by 3 e‘w“ishj;sweaﬁ shops,” but as S&nda.yf;} was a Jewish holiday no one: wasat work. The loss is $100,000; partly cov-. ered by husuraiigs. - cdis g 0 . Forr Syiri, Ark., April 15.—CrawTl Sovaeed 5 g, e June 25 for the murder of Ernest Mel-

ERE RS E;:t S T N FAMOU "‘J)QUBN“AL'IST GONE. Death of James W. Scott, Founder of Two o e Ileg.ding, Chicago Dailies. - - New Yomk, April 15.—James W. Scott, propristor and editor of the Chicago Times-Herald, ‘died suddenly of apoplexy in his room in the Holland house, Thirtieth street and Fifth avenue, at 2:30 o’clock Sunday afternoon. His death was as peaceful as it was unexpected: 'Mr. Bcott arrived in this city from Chicago last Friday evening. He was accompanied by Mrs. Scott and their niece, Miss Grace Hatch. Mr. Scott was then apparently in the pink of Mealtde= "=2 /0 = - Mr.: Scott, was in his usual health when he awoke Sunday morning and he did not® complain- of- illness until'" after- = breakfast. - This was at° 10 ' o'clock.. Then he suffered eonsiderable “pain. in the abdomen and Dr: J. A. Irwin was called in. - The doctor found that Mr. ‘Scott was afflicted with renal calculas, or stone in the kidney. The substance passed from the kidney to the bladder;, and this caused Mr. Seott intense pain. His sufferings threw him into a nervous state and he was obliged to go to bed. No serious results, however, were anticipated and Dr. Irwin thought that with a few days ‘rest and treatment Mr. Scott would come out all right. The pain ceased at noon and Mr. Scott sank apparently into a peaceful slumber soon aftérwards” but at 2:15 o'clock Mrs. Scott, who was alarmed by his ' stertorious breathing, hastily summoned Dr. Irwin, who had left the hotel hardly an hour before. The doctor, after a brief examination; said Mr., Scott had suffered an attack of apoplexy and was in a serious.condition.: At his: sugges‘tion* Dr. Crook was called in consultation. . Dr. Crook agreed with Dr. Irwin that- Mr. Scott had suffered a stroke -of apoplexy. = It. was ten minutes - past 2 ¢’clock when Dr. Crook reached -the, hotel and twenty. minutes later Mr. Scott passed peacefully away without regaining consciousness. At his bedside when the end came were Mrs. Scott, . Miss Hatch and the two physicians. - The remains will be taken to Chicago this afternoon. Mrs. Scott and her niece will” accompany them. = ; : { © ‘CHlca@o, -April 15.—The announce‘ment of the sudden death in New York of Mr. James W. Scott was received with - expressions of profound sorrow and regret at the down town hotels and clubs. The directors of the Press Elub and of the Union League club at nce called ameeting for to-day to take appropriate actien: To ' Mr. Scott’s associates in the .management of the Time-Herald and the employes of that paper the blow was a severe one. Jumes Wilmot Scott was born: in Walworth, county, Wis,, in June, 1849, He was the son of D. Wilmot Scott, -a life-long printer and Jjournalist, who removed 'to -Galena, lIL, shortly —after -the Dbirth =of the sube jeot of this sketch, and became associated with Dr. Charles H. Ray in the publication of the Jeftersonian. James W. Scott received his early education in the public schools at. Galena, and later attended the college at Beloit, Wis., for two yeafs. He then. went to New York and was engaged. for a time in floriculture, but éropped ‘that business to take -a position in the government printing office at Washington, D C. His flrst- newspaper veénture on his own acs .count was at Huntingdon, Md., in" 1872 A year or two' later, however, he sold out and returned to Galena where he joined his father in starting-a paper called the_;[ndustr—ial Prgss.1n 1875 he moved ‘to Chicago, and in compiny ‘'with' F. W, Rice purchased the Dzily National Hotel Reporter, which is still published by Mr. Rice. = o In the spring of 1881 the Chicago Herald was founded .by a stock comgany, of which Mr. Scott was the head, -and from thag time to his death he had continued as publisher of that paper; In 1833 John R. Walsh purchased ‘& controiling ~ interest in the Herald, Mr. Scott.remaining with the next interest. Mr., Walsh remained atthe head until February 19 of this year; when Mr. Scott purchased his stock and control.© On the fourth day of last March the Herald was consolidated with the Times, and the paper has since been known as the Times-Herald -~ T Nl 3

It was in April:of 1890 that Mr. Scott, in cone junétion with Mr. . Waalsh, founded the Evening Post. (At the time Mr. Scott bought the Jaterest of Mr. Walsh -in the Herald he also- . took his stock in the Evening Post. . He was a member of a number of the leading clubs of Chicago.. He served four years con“gecutively as president of the Press club, was for six years president of the United Press, was four times elected -président of the American Newspaper Publishers’ association and was president of the Fellowship club at the time of his death. 'He was also a member of the Clover club, of Philadelphia, and the New “"York Press club. .He was one of theoriginal promoters of the World's Colume bian - exposition, of which he afterward became .a ‘director, a member of the executive committee and chairman of the committee on printing. - He, was offered the presidency of the local board of directors, but declined on account of the pressure of : his pri_vate business. ‘Mr. Scott was married in 1873 {to Miss Carrie B. Green, of Naperville, 111. who survives him. = ° ; . LEAPED TO HIS DEATH. | b L Young Man Jumps from Brooklyn Bridge s and Never ‘Rises. - New - YORK, April 15.—A Brooklyn ‘t bridge policeman saw & man, apparenti ly 19 years old, climb to the center rail ~and jump into the river Saturday. The man disdppeared beneath the surface »I. of the water and never came up. He left ' behind him a brown coat of tweed material. . The man is said te -have given !his name as James Duify, of county Cavan, Ireland. He asked a number of ‘men in Park row to go out on the bridge and see him jump, some of ~whom went and witnessed the fatal plunge. e : : Snow. Unmages Vegetables and Fruit. WINCHESTER, 0., April 15.—An un‘usually heavy snow preceded by rain and heavy hail passed over this section Sunday morning and is reported to ‘have done a great amount of damage to young vegetables'and fruit buds. . e | Fire in Illinois’ Capitol : _ SeeiNeriELD, 111, April 15. — Fire broke ont Saturday in the senate wing - of the state house, and, fanned by the flerce gale which was blowing, raged for an hour and caused a damage of - $25,000. For a time it was: feared the ‘whole stute house svould be ruined. The fire was caused by the carelessness of tinners at work on the roof. ko .. Death of Prot, Dana. New HAvEN, Conn., April 15.—Prof James- D. Dana, of Yale university, probably the greatest scientist. in_ America, died Sunday night at his homelushiseity, - . L h 0 Ror ¥ f‘_’_,.a.v.“.,.-:...;.'.f.......,_._..'....‘;..‘..., BTy e s A et Tl O o Ponrt JEFFERSON, ,N, Y., :\April 18— The pumping station, grinding depart‘ment and -storehouse of the North -American Rubber company at Setauk‘et _were . burned. Sunday. The fire -started in the 'heddwrm’fh;ggw ‘there was no insurance: | Cup Now Write tmarance. SR W%‘}@WW“W%*W L ey wransact an ansurance vusiness-in i~ PR B , A e